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INDONESIA
JURNAL AIR INDONESIA
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02164140     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
This journal focus on the result of research, information technology and fresh ideas on the technological problems of water management and waste water, industrial water and management of water resources and the environment.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 366 Documents
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KONDISI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN DI TELUK JAKARTA Sachoemar, Suhendar I.; Wahjono, Heru Dwi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2313

Abstract

The environment of the rivers surround Jakarta was polluted due to the increasing of the domestics and industrial waste as response to the rapid development of the anthropogenic activities within the city since the decades. As consequence, the carrying capacity of the water ecosystem was degraded including Jakarta Bay as the estuary of the passing rivers of the Jakarta City. This article briefly discusses the pollution problem within the Jakarta Bay that is supported by the data collected from various sources including the result from in-situ survey. The result has shown the fact of what the causing factors that stimulated the pollution problem within this area.  Katakunci : Pencemaran Lingkungan Perairan. Teluk Jakarta, Pantai Utara Jakarta, Air Limbah Domestik, Beban Pencemaran.
DISINFEKSI UNTUK PROSES PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2314

Abstract

Water disinfection means the removal, deactivation or killing of pathogenic microorganisms. Microorganisms are destroyed or deactivated, resulting in termination of growth and reproduction. When microorganisms are not removed from drinking water, drinking water usage will cause people to fall ill. Chemical inactivation of microbiological contamination in natural or untreated water is usually one of the final steps to reduce pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. Combinations of water purification steps (oxidation, coagulation, settling, disinfection, and filtration) cause (drinking) water to be safe after production. As an extra measure many countries apply a second disinfection step at the end of the water purification process, in order to protect the water from microbiological contamination in the water distribution system. Usually one uses a different kind of disinfectant from the one earlier in the process, during this disinfection process. The secondary disinfection makes sure that bacteria will not multiply in the water during distribution. This paper describes several technique of disinfection process for drinking water treatment. Disinfection can be attained by means of physical or chemical disinfectants. The agents also remove organic contaminants from water, which serve as nutrients or shelters for microorganisms. Disinfectants should not only kill microorganisms. Disinfectants must also have a residual effect, which means that they remain active in the water after disinfection. For chemical disinfection of water the following disinfectants can be used such as Chlorine (Cl2),  Hypo chlorite (OCl-), Chloramines, Chlorine dioxide (ClO2), Ozone (O3), Hydrogen peroxide etch. For physical disinfection of water the following disinfectants can be used is Ultraviolet light (UV). Every technique has its specific advantages and and disadvantages its own application area sucs as environmentally friendly, disinfection byproducts, effectivity, investment, operational costs etc. Kata Kunci : Disinfeksi, bakteria, virus, air minum, khlor, hip khlorit, khloramine, khlor dioksida, ozon, UV.
PENYEDIAAN AIR SIAP MINUM PADA SITUASI TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA ALAM (Belajar Dari Kasus Gempa Bumi Yogyakarta Dan Jawa Tengah) Indriatmoko, Robertus Haryoto; Widayat, Wahyu
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2315

Abstract

A response in an emergency condition  is the most critical thing in natural disaster. In this situation, every thing is in a panic. Any decision must be taken  tactically, quickly and property to minimize the number victims and severity as the impact of disaster. One of the response in an emergency is to provide facility of drinking water treatment unit which has to be located at the respective disaster area. This unit is designed compacly with high mobility, flexible and easily operated to fullfil the potable water need for the victims. The treatment processes use are filtration, adsorbtion and sterilization. The capacity is 1 M3/hour.      Katakunci : Tanggap darurat, air minum, ultra filtrasi,  bencana alam, mobilitas tinggi, tepat sasaran, emergency use, potable water treatment.
ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI DAERAH PEMUKIMAN NELAYAN Studi Kasus Perencanaan Penyediaan Air Bersih di Daerah Pedesaaan Nelayan Kab. Pasir, Kalimantan Timur Hernaningsih, Taty; Yudo, Satmoko
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2316

Abstract

Primary water source of people in  fisherman area in Kabupaten Pasir, Kalimantan Timur for daily water need generally is from  surface water  or deep well. Surface water is affected by water tide of sea water, so that almost all the time  in a year the water quality is salty or brakish. Beside high salt concentration, deep well quality  is also worst.  This is caused by poor environmental sanitation of fisherman community.  Rainy water use as water source alternative in problem solving for limited water drinking only provide in rainy season. Other alternative, people must find from other area where is far from their house or buy water with expensive price. To solve this critical problem is required the application of suitable  water treatment technology. This water treatment  technology must produce drinking water that meet technical standard and　 the technology is applicable, easy and cheap in operation and maintenance because it is hoped that community in that area can manage, operate  and maintenance. Kata Kunci : Penduduk nelayan, penyediaan air bersih, teknologi pengolahan air bersih.
REMOVAL OF COMMERCIAL ANIONIC DETERGENT IN WATER USING CONTINUOUS PROCESS OF BIOLOGICAL REACTOR WITH ADDING OF PAC Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2317

Abstract

Synthetic detergents, mostly anionic detergents have been widely used in Indonesia  over past two decades, similar to its use in other developing countries, and residuals from such use have entered the country's riverine and estuarine systems. Detergent problems have become more serious especially in urban areas where the spread of sewerage systems are still low, even in drinking water treatment process. According to this reason, it is important to develop low-cost technology to solve this problem such as developing biological treatment for removing detergents.Effects OF continuous adding of powdeR activated carbon (PAC) on biological removal of anionic detergent in continuous reactor was assessed. Results of these experiments showed that introduction of PAC into biological treatment of anionic detergent (ABS or LAS), has indicated significant effect on removal efficiency. Conducting continuous feeding of PAC into bench scale of continuous process system for removal of detergent has resulted better stability of MBAS removal efficiency, even when MLSS concentration in aeration tank dropped or MBAS concentration in influent water rose rapidly. With continuous addition of PAC, the MBAS removal efficiency was relatively constant even when the water temperature dropped rapidly.  In other words, continuous feeding of PAC can improve the stability for shock loads or temperatures changes. At lower temperatures, micro organisms that were used for detergent removal in bench scale of continuous process system, need longer adaptation or acclimation periods compared with higher temperatures. Key Words: Commercial anionic detergent, biodegradation, biological reactor, powdered activated carbon (PAC).
TINJAUAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN LEACHATE DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) SAMPAH PERKOTAAN Purwanta, Wahyu
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2318

Abstract

Leachate is defined as a liquid, which flows through waste and extracts suspended material or their suspension. In most landfill, leachate is consist of liquids that go into the landfill, which originated from outside the landfill, such as surface drainage, rain water, ground water, water from spring water and other liquids which produced from waste decomposition. The existence of pollutant material or minerals in water body that is originated from leachate will propose the growth of microorganisms, which are harmful for human health and reduce the aesthetic. Leachate handling could be done with several methods, such as: utilization of hydrolic characteristics by ground water adjustment, thus the leachate flows would not go into the direction of ground water. Another way of leachate handling are: landfill isolation, in order to prevent the inflow of external water and the outflow of leachate water; site selection of an area, which has a good capability of pollutant neutralization; leachate recirculation to be redirected to the solid waste pile; flowing the leachate to domestic waste treatment system and leachate processing with a certain system. Some processing techniques that are often to be used are: physical-chemical processing, such as coagulation-flocculation-settling; aerobic processing (activated sludge, stabilization pond or aeration pond); anaerobic processing, such as stabilization pond and utilization of sorption characteristics, such as active carbon. The aerobic stabilization pond system is suitable for Indonesian condition due to the availability of sunlight, simple, relatively cheap and their capability of BOD reduction above of 90% and COD reduction of above 80%.Kata Kunci : Leachate, TPA sampah, teknologi pengolahan.
APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PENGADAAN AIR BERSIH DI EMPAT DESA TERTINGGAL DI BENGKULU SELATAN Rahardjo, Petrus Nugro
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2319

Abstract

In County South Bengkulu there are 4 villages classified into poor villages. Those villages do not have some principal facilities yet, such as clean water supply system and electricity. To fulfill clean water need, the people use shallow groundwater which has very bad quality. The groundwater contains Fe (1.7 ppm) and Mn (0.7 ppm). The contents are much more than the standard quality allowed by WHO. The groundwater colour is also a little bit brown. To deal with those problems, BPPT (Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology) has tried to apply a water treatment system which is supported by a solar cell system producing the electricity. The electric energy is used for pumping the groundwater. The water treatment has a mainly important process which is accommodated in a multy media filter. The media include coarse coral, find coral, sand silica, manganese zeolite and activated carbon. The media filter can reduce the contaminants (Fe & Mn) and remove the odour effectively. The complete water treatment system has been applied successfully in the 4 villages (one for each village).    Keywords : Clean Water Supply Technology.
PHENOMENA INTRUSI DASAR DI TELUK HURUN LAMPUNG Santoso, Arif Dwi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2320

Abstract

Research aimed to learn and know the bottom intrusion mechanism in Hurun Bay Lampung. Three kinds surveys were conducted consist of mooring survey, synoptic oceanographic survey and 25 hour survey. The monitoring data of water temperature indicated that at Hurun Bay occurred bottom intrusion from middle February until early July. The mass water was colder, more saline and contained less DO than the overlaying water. These phenomena may be caused by eastern monsoon from Java Sea to Lampung Bay and Hurun Bay. Vertical profile distribution showed that there are significant different in temperature, salinity and DO between surface and bottom layer. Along bottom deeper than 22m were identified as a termocline layer which was colder and more saline and contained less DO. Result of 25 hour survey resumed that the lowest DO in this water mass appeared in early July and it propagated from offshore to the coast with velocity 0.07 m/s. This condition will be a treatment for marine cultivation stakeholder in this area.Key words : Bottom Intrusion, Hypoxia
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM DATABASE KUALITAS AIR LIMBAH RUMAH SAKIT Wahjono, Heru Dwi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2321

Abstract

Environmental pollution that happened around us in this time have resided in condition of concerning. The environmental quality recovering is not only becoming responsibility of government, but becoming responsibility of all society, especially who was causing the environmental pollution itself. Some metropolitans like Jakarta has domestic waste as dominant waste, which is not dominant hostpital waste also contributes environmental pollution in Jakarta.To decrease the pollution level of wastewater from hospital, the government of Jakarta has published the environmental regulation. The regulation contains how the hospitals in Jakarta should manage and process their wastewater. This article explain about the design and development of database system for managing the data of hospital wastewater quality, so the observation process of wastewater quality from the wastewater treatment plant for the hospital can be monitored easily and known immediately. Katakunci : database kualitas air,  kualitas air limbah rumah sakit, IPAL rumah sakit, sistem manajemen basis data.
APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR ASIN DESA TARUPA KECAMATAN TAKA BONERATE KABUPATEN SELAYAR Widayat, Wahyu
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i1.2322

Abstract

Takabonerate  is one of the 23 regencies in South Sulawesi where it is locates at the southern parth of South Sulawesi Province and it is surrounded by flores sea. As maritime regency, its mainland is 1,188.28 km2 (5.23%) and the sea is approximately 21,138.41 km2 (94.68%). It has 126 islands wich consist of small and big islands.  Tarupa village’s   a subdistrict located in a tidy and peat area. The community living in tarupa use surface water of river as the main clean water resource. The surface water is  influenced by the tide of sea water. The surface water taste is very salty (TDS>12000ppm). The use of rain water as the second alternative is very limited, i.e it is only in rainy season. To deal with the chronic problem, such as the lack of clean water supply, it needs an appropriate water treatment technology. The suitable water treatment system is a combination of conventional and advanced technology. Desalination, such as Reverse Osmosis must be involved to reduce salinity of the raw water. A complete process includes the pretreatment and advance treatment. The pretreatment are oxidation and some common filtrations. The advance treatment is a molecular filtration using a membran which the principal is reverse osmosis pressure. If the pilot water treatment plant is avalaible in Tarupa in Takabonerate, the clean water supply will not be a serious problem. Generally, it can also play an important role to increase the social level of community in South Sulawesi.. Kata Kunci : Teknologi, pengolahan, air asin, reverse osmosis, air minum.

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