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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Audit Findings, Follow-Up, and Financial Reporting Quality Fail to Reduce Corruption Desriani Hadi; Einde Evana; Fajar Gustiawaty Dewi
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13125

Abstract

General Background Corruption in public sector institutions remains a persistent governance challenge in Indonesia despite extensive external audit mechanisms. Specific Background The Supreme Audit Agency conducts audits of ministries and institutions, producing audit findings and follow-up recommendations intended to strengthen accountability and transparency through financial reporting. Knowledge Gap Prior empirical studies report inconsistent evidence on whether audit findings and follow-up actions are associated with corruption, particularly when financial reporting quality is positioned as a mediating mechanism. Aims This study examines the direct and indirect relationships between audit findings, follow-up on audit results, and corruption, with financial reporting quality as an intervening variable, within the framework of agency theory. Results Using panel data from 132 ministry and institutional observations during 2021–2023, the findings show that audit findings are negatively associated with financial reporting quality, while audit follow-up is positively associated with financial reporting quality. However, audit findings, audit follow-up, and financial reporting quality show no significant direct relationship with corruption, and financial reporting quality does not mediate these relationships. Novelty This study provides rare empirical evidence that financial reporting quality does not transmit the role of audit mechanisms into corruption control within Indonesian ministries and institutions. Implications The results indicate that audit processes and reporting improvements primarily function as administrative accountability tools and are insufficient as standalone instruments for addressing corruption in the public sector. Highlights: Audit observations are associated with lower standards of governmental financial statements. Recommendation completion is linked to improved compliance with accounting standards. Reporting mechanisms do not explain variations in misconduct cases across institutions. Keywords: Audit Findings, Follow-Up, Quality of Financial Statements
The Correlation Between Islamic Education and Islamic Law in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Mohamad Erihadiana; Muhammad Ridwan Aziz; Ayi Dini Purwandi; Dwi Haryanto Hamdani; Fardan Abdul Basith
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13126

Abstract

General Background Islamic education in Indonesia functions not only as a means of transmitting religious knowledge but also as a medium for cultivating moral values, legal awareness, and social behavior within Muslim society. Specific Background Within Indonesia’s pluralistic legal and educational landscape, Islamic education and Islamic law coexist and interact across formal institutions, community settings, and national educational frameworks. Knowledge Gap Despite extensive scholarship on Islamic education and Islamic law as separate domains, their interrelationship in the Indonesian context has not been systematically synthesized. Aims This study aims to examine scholarly patterns, themes, and perspectives concerning the relationship between Islamic education and Islamic law in Indonesia through a Systematic Literature Review. Results The review of six studies published between 2024 and 2025 reveals that Islamic education serves as a primary channel for internalizing Islamic legal principles through formal instruction, character education, and ethical habituation, while Islamic law provides a normative foundation shaping curricula, pedagogical orientations, and moral objectives. The findings also indicate a reciprocal relationship that contributes to legal consciousness, ethical behavior, family legal knowledge, and sociocultural practices. Novelty This study offers an integrated synthesis that positions Islamic education and Islamic law as mutually reinforcing systems rather than isolated fields. Implications Strengthening their integration is essential for fostering moral integrity, legal awareness, and social harmony within Indonesia’s contemporary educational and sociocultural environment. Highlights: Islamic learning environments function as primary spaces for the internalization of normative legal principles. Normative legal frameworks guide curriculum orientation and ethical objectives within religious schooling. Reciprocal educational–legal interaction supports moral development and social cohesion in plural contexts. Keywords: Islamic Education, Islamic Law, Legal Awareness, Character Education, Systematic Literature Review
The Existence of Islamic Boarding School in The Internalization of Religious Moderation Values: A Systematic Literature Review Mohamad Erihadiana; Mahmud Mahmud; Rusman Nurdiansyah; Sofwan Gozali; Raka Akhmad Hilman Nurwahyu; Nurjaman Wahyu Ramdani
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13127

Abstract

General Background: Religious life in Indonesia faces increasing challenges marked by intolerance, extremism, and digital radicalization within a pluralistic society. Specific Background: Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), as long-established Islamic educational institutions, have historically integrated religious teachings, local wisdom, and national values through holistic educational traditions. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive discussions on religious moderation, a comprehensive synthesis of empirical evidence on how pesantren internalize religious moderation values remains limited. Aims: This study aims to systematically examine the existence and role of pesantren in internalizing religious moderation values in Indonesia. Results: Based on a Systematic Literature Review of seventeen peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025, the findings indicate that pesantren internalize religious moderation through epistemological foundations of wasatiyyah, integrative curricula, exemplary kyai leadership, communal daily practices, and adaptive engagement with digital media, contributing to social cohesion and national unity. Novelty: This study presents a consolidated conceptual understanding of pesantren as epistemic, pedagogical, and socio-cultural ecosystems for religious moderation. Implications: The findings highlight pesantren as strategic socio-religious institutions capable of sustaining moderate, inclusive, and tolerant religious life while reinforcing national integrity amid globalization and digital transformation. Highlights: Pesantren operate as holistic educational ecosystems embedding moderation through lived religious and social practices. Integrative curricula, moral leadership, and digital engagement support balanced religious-national identities. Moderation-oriented education within pesantren contributes to social cohesion and protection against radical narratives. Keywords: Islamic Boarding Schools, Religious Moderation, Pesantren Education, National Unity, Systematic Literature Review
Epistemological Foundations of Science and Technology in Islam: A Literature Review Syarip Syarip; Zuhdiyah Zuhdiyah; Maryamah Maryamah
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13128

Abstract

General Background: Epistemology constitutes a foundational dimension in the construction, validation, and transmission of scientific knowledge, shaping research methodologies, educational paradigms, and ethical orientations across disciplines. Specific Background: Within Islamic intellectual tradition, epistemology integrates revelation, reason, and spiritual insight, historically contributing to global knowledge development, particularly during the Abbasid era through translation, synthesis, and scientific inquiry. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive historical contributions, systematic articulation of how Islamic epistemological models relate to contemporary science and technology remains underexplored in modern academic discourse. Aims: This study examines the epistemological foundations of knowledge and technology in Islam through a qualitative library-based analysis of classical and contemporary sources. Results: The findings demonstrate that Islamic epistemology is structured around authoritative sources and three complementary modes of knowing—bayānī, burhānī, and ʿirfānī—forming an integrated framework that guides scientific reasoning, educational curricula, and ethical considerations. Novelty: The study consolidates diverse Islamic epistemic principles into a coherent analytical model that positions Islamic epistemology as a holistic alternative to dominant empirical paradigms. Implications: This integrated framework offers a conceptual basis for aligning modern scientific and technological development with moral and spiritual values, supporting ethically grounded scholarship and sustainable intellectual engagement with modernity. Highlights: Islamic knowledge construction is grounded in an integrated system combining textual authority, rational inquiry, and spiritual insight. Historical Islamic scholarship provided foundational structures for global scientific development through synthesis and translation. Contemporary scientific discourse can be situated within an Islamic moral and epistemic framework without abandoning rigor. Keywords: Islamic Epistemology, Science and Technology, Philosophy of Science, Islamic Education, Knowledge Systems
Regional Head Policy Implementation for Batik Artisan Economic Empowerment: Kepala Wilayah Pelaksanaan Kebijakan untuk Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Pengrajin Batik Priya Sulaksana; Ahmad Ma’ruf; Endah Saptutyningsih
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13131

Abstract

General Background: The batik industry is a major creative economy subsector that supports cultural preservation and local economic development, yet it faces constraints related to policy limitations, technological innovation, and market expansion. Specific Background: This study examines the implementation outcomes of regional head policies for batik industry advancement as a strategy for empowering artisans in Sleman Regency. Knowledge Gap: Prior batik-related studies commonly rely on descriptive or regression approaches, providing limited insight into complex interdependence among variables linking policy, implementation, and empowerment. Aims: Using MICMAC (Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Application à un Classement), this study identifies the variables shaping the implementation of regional head policies in the batik industry system. Results: MICMAC mapping shows the Regional Head Policy (KKD) as the main driving variable with the strongest direct and indirect relations, while product and process innovation, market access and promotion, and artisans’ welfare emerge as strongly dependent variables; empirically, clearer innovation-oriented directives, bureaucratic simplification, and human resource quality are central to interpreting the policy’s operational meaning. Novelty: The study contributes a MICMAC-based structural mapping of complex influence–dependence relations in regional head policy implementation for batik industry governance in Sleman. Implications: The findings support policy recommendations focused on aligning regulations with technological innovation, facilitating market access expansion, and sustaining artisans’ economic livelihoods within the creative economy ecosystem. Highlight: MICMAC positioning ranks KKD as the primary pushing variable in the system. Product–process innovation, market access–promotion, and artisan welfare appear as strongly dependent variables. Clear innovation-oriented directives, streamlined bureaucracy, and higher human resource quality characterize the implementation pathway identified in the analysis. Keywords: Regional Head Policy, MICMAC Analysis, Batik Industry, Economic Empowerment, Market Access
Eradication of Human Trafficking Crimes in Myanmar: Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang di Myanmar Angelika Giovani; Marcell William Sondang Hutagaol
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13132

Abstract

General Background Human trafficking constitutes a serious form of transnational organized crime that directly violates human rights and disproportionately targets vulnerable populations, particularly migrant workers. Specific Background In Southeast Asia, Myanmar—especially the Myawaddy region following the 2021 coup—has emerged as a hub for online scamming operations and forced labor exploitation involving Indonesian nationals. Knowledge Gap Despite extensive victim repatriation efforts, limitations remain in cross-border law enforcement due to the absence of bilateral extradition arrangements and ongoing political instability in Myanmar. Aims This study examines Indonesia’s juridical responses to trafficking cases involving Indonesian citizens in Myanmar by analyzing the fulfillment of legal elements under Law No. 21 of 2007 and the application of international criminal law principles. Results The findings demonstrate that the cases meet all constituent elements of trafficking, namely actus reus, means, and mens rea, enabling Indonesia to invoke active and passive nationality principles, supported by Mutual Legal Assistance, INTERPOL Red Notice mechanisms, and ASEAN cooperation frameworks. Novelty The study highlights the strategic reliance on regional and international legal instruments as substitutes for formal extradition in a conflict-affected jurisdiction. Implications Strengthening ASEAN commitments, advancing an ASEAN Extradition Treaty, and optimizing existing cooperative mechanisms are essential to reinforce cross-border accountability and protection of Indonesian victims of human trafficking. Highlights: Trafficking cases involving Indonesian citizens satisfied all statutory elements under national anti-trafficking law. Active and passive nationality principles provide a legal basis for prosecution and victim protection beyond territorial limits. Regional and international cooperation mechanisms function as critical alternatives amid absent bilateral extradition arrangements. Keywords: Human Trafficking, Myanmar, Bilateral Cooperation
Legal Noncompliance in Indonesia Additional Hajj Quota Allocation Madalia Faza
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13134

Abstract

General Background The administration of the Hajj pilgrimage in Indonesia is governed by Law Number 8 of 2019, which mandates fairness, transparency, and prioritization of regular pilgrims in quota management. Specific Background In 2024, Saudi Arabia granted Indonesia an additional Hajj quota intended to address prolonged waiting lists, yet its domestic distribution generated controversy due to allocations favoring special pilgrims. Knowledge Gap Existing studies largely emphasize Hajj diplomacy and service management while insufficiently examining legal compliance in the domestic allocation of additional quotas resulting from bilateral agreements. Aims This study examines the Indonesian government’s noncompliance with Law Number 8 of 2019 in distributing the additional 2024 Hajj quota from an international relations and governance perspective. Results The findings reveal discrepancies between statutory provisions and policy practices, marked by the diversion of additional quotas to special pilgrims, limited transparency in decision-making, and weak accountability mechanisms. Novelty This research integrates national interest theory and good governance principles to connect bilateral diplomacy outcomes with domestic legal adherence in Hajj administration. Implications The study underscores that diplomatic achievements in securing additional Hajj quotas must be accompanied by lawful and transparent domestic implementation to preserve public trust, uphold pilgrims’ rights, and ensure coherent governance within Indonesia’s Hajj administration framework. Highlights: Allocation practices diverged from statutory priority for long-waiting regular pilgrims. Decision-making procedures lacked public transparency and administrative accountability. Diplomatic gains were not consistently aligned with domestic legal obligations. Keywords: Noncompliance, Hajj Quota Distribution, Good Governance
Students’ Speaking Development Through Word Adventure Game-Based Learning Salsabila Umi Nur Fajria; Dwi Fita Heriyawati
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13135

Abstract

General Background Game-based language learning has increasingly been adopted in English as a Foreign Language classrooms to support speaking practice through interactive digital environments. Specific Background One such approach is the use of Word Adventure, a gamified learning tool designed to simulate real-life communication scenarios for junior high school learners. Knowledge Gap Previous studies on game-based language learning have largely emphasized learning outcomes, while limited attention has been given to learners’ own perspectives, particularly in contexts with constrained internet access. Aims This study aimed to explore how Word Adventure supports the development of students’ speaking skills and to examine students’ perceptions and experiences when using the game in EFL instruction. Results Using a qualitative descriptive design, data from semi-structured interviews with four seventh-grade students revealed increased motivation, confidence, fluency, and contextual language use, alongside heightened enjoyment and collaborative learning, although technical and conceptual challenges were reported. Novelty This study provides learner-centered qualitative evidence on an online–offline accessible game-based tool by foregrounding students’ lived experiences in speaking practice. Implications The findings suggest that Word Adventure can serve as a practical alternative for fostering speaking development and learner engagement in junior high EFL contexts with limited technological infrastructure. Highlights: Learners reported stronger engagement and willingness to participate in oral practice. Repetitive interactive tasks supported smoother and faster oral production. Narrative-driven activities encouraged cooperation and meaningful classroom interaction. Keywords: Game-Based Language Learning, Speaking Skills, Student Perceptions, EFL Classroom
Applications of nuclear physics in medical diagnostics: A comparative study between SPECT and PET Amani Shyaa Jebur
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13138

Abstract

Nuclear physics has fundamentally transformed medical diagnostics through Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), which provide functional and physiological information beyond conventional imaging modalities. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of SPECT and PET by examining their nuclear physics principles, technical instrumentation, image quality parameters, and clinical applications. Employing systematic literature review methodology, the research synthesizes peer-reviewed articles from major scientific databases published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis reveals that PET demonstrates superior spatial resolution (4-7 mm versus 8-12 mm), enhanced sensitivity (1-2% compared to 0.01-0.03%), and greater quantitative accuracy due to coincidence detection and higher photon energy (511 keV). Conversely, SPECT maintains advantages in cost-effectiveness, radiotracer accessibility through on-site synthesis, and longer half-lives suitable for extended protocols. This research integrates physical, instrumental, and patient-dependent factors influencing image quality while exploring emerging developments including hybrid imaging and artificial intelligence applications. The findings establish evidence-based criteria for modality selection, emphasizing the complementary nature of these techniques in advancing precision diagnostics across oncology, cardiology, and neurology.Keywords : Nuclear Medicine Imaging, SPECT Modality, PET Technology, Radiotracer Applications, Gamma Photon Detection, Medical DiagnosticsHighlight : PET demonstrates superior spatial resolution (4-7 mm) and sensitivity (1-2%) compared to SPECT's performance metrics. Hybrid imaging systems combining PET-CT achieve widespread clinical acceptance, particularly enhancing oncology diagnostic capabilities. Collimator geometry primarily limits SPECT resolution (8-12 mm), while coincidence detection enables PET's improved quantitative accuracy.
Review Of Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water by Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration Azeez Sakran Abed
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13139

Abstract

The escalating contamination of water resources by heavy metal ions poses critical environmental and public health challenges, necessitating efficient remediation technologies. This review examines the application of Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration (CP-UF), alternatively termed Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF), as an advanced membrane-based separation process for removing toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The study systematically analyzes two distinct approaches: synthetic polymers including Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 5000) and Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose (DEAE-cellulose) for zinc and cadmium removal, and natural biopolymer Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) for copper, nickel, and chromium elimination. Through comprehensive evaluation of experimental data from ultrafiltration membrane systems operated under varying conditions, the research demonstrates that DEAE-cellulose achieves exceptional rejection rates up to 99% for Zn(II) at pH 9.0 and 300 kPa pressure, while CMC exhibits superior performance exceeding 97% rejection for Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cr(III) at neutral to alkaline pH conditions. Critical operational parameters including solution pH, applied transmembrane pressure, membrane molecular weight cut-off, and polymer concentration significantly influence both permeate flux and metal ion retention efficiency. The novelty of this work lies in the comparative assessment of synthetic versus natural polymeric ligands, revealing that amino-functionalized DEAE-cellulose forms stable coordination complexes through nitrogen electron donation, whereas CMC utilizes carboxyl and hydroxyl groups for metal binding in pH-dependent octahedral or square planar configurations. Furthermore, the study establishes the economic and environmental feasibility of polymer regeneration through pH adjustment or chemical cleaning cycles, enabling multiple reuse iterations. These findings advance membrane separation theory by validating osmotic pressure models in complexation-ultrafiltration systems and provide practical implications for industrial wastewater treatment, particularly for low-concentration heavy metal effluents where conventional precipitation methods prove inadequate, thereby supporting sustainable water resource management and regulatory compliance in chemical engineering applications.Keywords : Filtration, Complexation-Ultrafiltration, Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF), Heavy Metal Removal, Water-Soluble PolymersHighlight : DEAE-cellulose mencapai rejeksi 99% untuk Zn(II) pada pH 9,0 dengan tekanan 300 kPa CMC menghasilkan rejeksi >97% untuk Cu(II), Ni(II), dan Cr(III) pada pH ≥7 Regenerasi polimer melalui penyesuaian pH memungkinkan penggunaan berulang dalam siklus pemisahan logam.

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