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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Sosial
Published by UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
ISSN : 16935926     EISSN : 25027646     DOI : 10.21154/justicia
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The journal aims to advance knowledge in Islamic legal studies within Muslim societies from various perspectives, enriching both theoretical and empirical research. It covers a range of subjects, including in-depth studies of living law in Muslim communities, legal negotiations on human rights, and issues related to comparative legal systems and constitutional law in Muslim-majority countries.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 359 Documents
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The Settlement Principles and Effectiveness of Divorce by Mediation of Islamic Civil Perspective: A Critical Review of the Supreme Court Regulation Abdullah Taufik
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2139

Abstract

Mediation of divorce is expected to be able to suppress the settlement of the case peacefully. In principle, based on the Elucidation of Law Number 1 of 19 74 concerning Marriage, marriage aims to form a happy and eternal family. Therefore, it is urgent to find mediation pillars in resolving divorce cases. To find the idea in response to these problems, there are three approaches: 1) laws and regulations, by examining them that relate to divorce settlement through mediation in religious courts; Supreme Court Regulation Numb. 1 of 2016, Civil Procedure Code. 2) from the view of experts/scholars, the conceptual approach is used to find ideas by building concepts and arguments according to the issues to be examined to find the efficiency in the implementation of mediation. 3) Philosophy, studying literacy related to the theme of the study to capture philosophical content in finding the pillars of mediation in the study of Islamic civil law. The findings in this study are the pillars of mediation whose relevance to divorce disputes should be stated: 1) Essence of Deliberation to reach an agreement. 2) The essence of mutual forgiveness is to end the dispute. 3) The essence of respecting the rights of others, of avoiding the nature of egoism. 4) The essence of justice is giving equal opportunity to speak to each other so that both parties have the same rights. The efficiency of the mediation implementation in the settlement of divorce can be achieved by mediating: 1) Regarding the care and education of children, 2) the cost of living of ex-wife, and 3) guarantee for the maintenance of the joint property after the termination of a marriage.
The Relationship Between Islam and Traditional Marriage of Siak Malay Zikri Darussamin; Rahman Rahman; Imam Ghozali
Justicia Islamica Vol 17 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v17i2.2152

Abstract

This research focuses on the marriage customs of the Siak Malay Society. The research focuses are three stages of the tradition: they are the stage before, during, and after the wedding ceremony. The traditional wedding procession needs to find common ground between Islamic Law and custom living in the Siak Malay Society. This research uses a qualitative descriptive-analytic approach. The collecting data method combines the library and field research through interviews with related parties. The results of every stage, before, during, and after the wedding ceremony, firstly, shows that it has religious, philosophical meanings come from the teachings of Islam, i.e., Qur’an, Hadith, and Ijtihad using the ”˜urf frame of mind. The rule explains that whatever has been determined by the syara’, absolutely without any definite provisions in religion and language, is returned to ”˜urf. Second, the relationship between Islamic Law and custom in this wedding tradition in the historical context originated from the traditions carried out by the Siak Sri Indrapura Kingdom. This is due to the Sultan’s function as the Head of State and the spiritual guide at that time, including marriage matters. This has implications for the mixing of the wedding procession traditions containing religious values packaged in cultural forms; thus, that the wedding tradition of the Siak Malay society needs to be maintained and preserved as a part of the cultural wealth with Islamic nuances without burdening the economies of both parties in the implementation of the wedding ceremony procession.Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada adat perkawinan Masyarakat Melayu Siak. Ada tiga tahapan tradisi yang menjadi fokus penelitian, yaitu tahap sebelum pesta perkawinan, tahap sedang berlangsung pesta perkawinan, dan tahap setelah pesta perkawinan.  Prosesi adat perkawinan tersebut perlu dicari titik temu antara hukum Islam dan adat yang telah hidup di Masyarakat Melayu Siak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitataif deskriptif analitis. Sedangkan metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggabungkan antara Metode kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap pihak-pihak yang terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Pertama, pada setiap rangkaian tradisi pesta perkawinan mulai dari sebelum pesta perkawinan, sedang pesta perkawinan dan setelah pesta perkawinan ternyata mempunyai makna-makna filosofis keagamaan yang bersumber dari ajaran agama Islam baik Al-Qur’an, Hadist, dan Ijtihad menggunakan kerangka berfikir ”˜urf. Kaidah ini menjelaskan bahwa setiap apapun yang telah ditetapkan oleh syara` secara mutlak tanpa ada ketentuannya secara pasti dalam agama dan dalam bahasa, maka hal tersebut dikembalikan kepada ”˜urf. Kedua, hubungan hukum Islam dan adat pada tradisi perkawinan ini dalam konteks sejarah berawal dari tradisi yang dilakukan oleh Kerajaan Siak Sri Indrapura. Hal ini karena fungsi Sultan sebagai Kepala Negara sekaligus sebagai pembimbing agama waktu itu, termasuk juga dalam hal perkawinan. Ini berimplikasi pada percampuran tradisi prosesi perkawinan mengandung nilai-nilai agama yang dikemas dalam wujud budaya. Sehingga tradisi perkawinan masyarakat Melayu Siak perlu dipertahankan dan dilestarikan sebagai bagian kekayaan budaya yang bernuansa Islami dengan tidak memberatkan ekonomi kedua belah pihak dalam pelaksanaan prosesi perkawinan.
COVID-19 and The Implementation of Qawā’id Fiqhiyyah in E-Commerce Bambang Suhada; Agus Alimuddin; Lisda Aisyah
Justicia Islamica Vol 17 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v17i2.2154

Abstract

The COVID-19 Pandemic has implications for all aspects of life, having both positive and negative impacts. The positive impact can be interpreted by finding a maslahat in contemporary studies by considering mafāsid and maṣāliḥ maps. Meanwhile, the negative impact of one of them is the collapse of economic conditions. By examining the positive impact of COVID-19 and maslahat theory, it can be attributed to the rule of Law (qawā'id fiqhiyyah) resulting in changes in the frame of the rule of Law, as well as in efforts to produce a maá¹£laḥah, iá¹£lāḥ, and istiá¹£lāḥ. This study aims to examine the benefit of contemporary business development and the implications of qawā'id fiqhiyyah on contemporary business development during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study uses qualitative research to look at every event and then link it with fiqh's study as a library research approach. Patterns and interpretation results are presented in a descriptive form to have more structured and readable. The contemporary study found six basic fiqh rules as a foundation for business implementation through e-commerce, changes in mafâsid maps. It produced maṣâliḥ making business through e-commerce as a platform for business development to realize prosperity. The study has implications on Islamic law studies' expansion and novelty in contemporary issues and brought prosperity to the Islamic economy during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Pandemi COVID-19 berimplikasi pada seluruh aspek kehidupan, yakni aspek yang mendatangkan dampak positif maupun negatif. Dampak positif dapat dimaknai dengan menemukan maslahat dalam kajian kontemporer dengan melakukan pertimbangan terhadap peta mafāsid dan maṣāliḥ. Sedangkan dampak negatif salah satunya dengan runtuhnya kondisi perekonomian. Dengan mengkaji dampak positif COVID-19 dan teori maslahat dapat dikaitkan dengan kaidah hukum (qawā’id fiqhiyyah) sehingga menghasilkan perubahan dalam bingkai kaidah hukum, termasuk juga dalam upaya menghasilkan sebuah maá¹£laḥah, iá¹£lāḥ dan istiá¹£lāḥ. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji kemaslahatan yang terjadi dalam pengembangan bisnis kontemporer serta implikasi qawā’id fiqhiyyah terhadap pengembangan bisnis kontemporer di masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu riset kualitatif yang melihat setiap kejadian lalu mencoba menghubungkan dengan kajian fiqih sebagai pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), pola dan hasil interpretasi yang dilakukan selanjutnya disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif agar lebih terstruktur dan memiliki tingkat keterbacaan. Kajian kontemporer yang dilakukan menemukan enam dasar kaidah fiqih sebagai landasan dalam pelaksanaan bisnis melalui e-commerce, perubahan peta mafâsid dan maṣâliḥ yang dihasilkan menjadikan bisnis melalui e-commerce sebagai wadah pengembangan bisnis untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan. Kajian yang dilakukan berimplikasi pada perluasan dan kebaruan kajian hukum Islam dalam permasalahan kontemporer dan mendatangkan kesejahteraan dalam perekonomian Islam di masa Pandemi COVID-19.
The State Penghulu vs The Non-State Penghulu: The Validity and Implementing Authorities of Indonesian Marriage Al Farabi
Justicia Islamica Vol 17 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v17i2.2180

Abstract

This research gives rise to the following questions: What is a valid marriage? Who holds the authority to grant it? Moreover, how does the existing authority(s) manifest among societies? This inquiry employs the socio-legal method by relying on doctrinal and empirical (ethnographic) approaches to answer these questions. The doctrinal approach applies to the first question and looks at how both the law and case law define a valid marriage. The ethnographic approach applies to the last two questions and looks at this law's functioning among society. As a result, this study reveals that the Marriage Law utilized registration to force people to comply with the law; otherwise, a religious marriage would not have the law force. An exemption applies only to marriages before enacting the Marriage Law, which is liable for retroactive validation. Later, this procedure is extended through case laws that apply isbath nikah (marriage validation) retroactively even to marriages after 1974 to accommodate unregistered marriages pervasive among society. The extended use of isbath nikah has made registration a mere administrative matter which no longer stands as a restriction to a religious marriage. Second, in practice, the judges’ lenient attitude toward isbath nikah has blurred the distinction between registered and unregistered marriages. The fluid distinction between these two provides a basis for Non-State Penghulus to exercise their authority alongside the State Penghulu. In this sense, the Non-State Penghulu appears as an alternative to the State Penghulu invalidating marriage among Muslims.
Pre-Project Selling in a Property Business: The Perspective of Islamic Law Agus Sekarmadji; Regine Wiranata; Oemar Moechthar
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2247

Abstract

Actors in the real estate market have developed a marketing strategy in the form of pre-project selling. This strategy is conducted to perform a market test for any property a developer intends to market. However, in practice, the system often poses problems, such as misrepresenting the property and inflicting customers' financial losses. From the perspective of Islamic law, this type of transaction is characterized as gharar (uncertainty, deception, and risk), having no exact object, and having forbidden. This article uses a Sharia-based perspective to analyze the characteristics of pre-project selling. This research aims to determine the legality of pre-project selling under Sharia law and prescribe solutions for society. The method used in this article is legal research, using legislation-based, conceptual, and case-based approaches, along with a comparison of national legislation with the written text of the al-Qur’an and hadith. The paper concludes that while pre-project selling should not be legally banned, there need steps taken to reduce its risks. This could be applied, for example, by creating minimum prerequisites for allowing pre-project selling, such as the existence of a plot for construction or the requirement of permits to be obtained before the pre-project sale. This research contributes to the development of legal science in general and Islamic jurisprudence, especially regarding Islamic law agreements' validity.
Repositioning the Independence of the Indonesian Waqf Board in the Development of National Waqf: A Critical Review of Law No. 41 of 2004 Concerning Waqf Rimanto Rimanto; Sonny Zulhuda; Agus Hermanto
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2303

Abstract

Juridically, the laws and regulations have weakened the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) in the regulation of waqf so that the set goals of the Indonesian Waqf Board have not been fully achieved, including advancing and developing national waqf. Other institutions' overlapping management and supervision of waqf is suspected of causing BWI’s duties and authorities’ inadequacy. Besides, several crucial problems, including the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI), have implications for the stagnation of BWI provisions’ implementation. These regulations have not been followed by the Indonesian Muslim community as a whole. Examining why the Indonesian Waqf Board cannot function correctly is interesting. This study’s objective was to find ideal constructions about BWI's position, duties, and authorities in advancing and developing national waqf. This study was a scientific evaluation with its qualitative-descriptive-analytical characteristics. The method used was qualitative analysis, and the results were presented descriptively. The pattern of reconstructing authority of the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) was a study of Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf so that articles were compiled to lead to a genuinely independent, credible, and robust board in the governance of the Republic of Indonesia. Besides, it is necessary to have accreditation for BWI so that its management’s standardization is credible.
The Role of North Aceh Government for Building Women's Capacity Based on Islamic Values in Vocational Village Malahayati Malahayati; Laila M Rasyid
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2308

Abstract

Women have potential contributions to engage in productive activities and can help the family economy. A vocational village is a village setting a model for developing its local resources to improve inhabitants' quality of life, especially women in the village in North Aceh District, without leaving their Islamic values. This article described the role of government in enhancing women's capacity and local potential in the vocational village with Islamic values using the empirical methodology. Data is obtained based on field research through purposive sampling collected by interviews with informants using qualitative analysis data. This study found that several training initiatives had been carried out to increase women's capacity, such as training in embroidery, handicrafts, etc. However, these initiatives were not based on the potential components that live in the village. Furthermore, Islamic values in the community in encouraging women in North Aceh have experienced a shift in Pande Village. This study recommends more efforts to increase women's potential by promoting and exhibiting local products for empowering women in villages based on existing prospects without leaving Islamic values.
Towards New Sharia Governance for Islamic Financial Institutions Abdulazeem Abozaid
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2341

Abstract

Since its inception a few decades ago, the Islamic banking and finance industry has been regulating itself in terms of Sharia governance. Although some regulatory authorities from within the industry, such as the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), the Islamic banking and finance industry remains largely self-regulated. This is because none of the resolutions or the regulatory authorities' standards are binding on the Islamic financial institution except when it willingly chooses to bind itself by them. Few countries have enforced some Sharia-governance-related regulations on their Islamic banks. However, in most cases, these regulations do not go beyond the requirement to formulate some Sharia-controlling bodies, which are practically left to the same operating banks. Furthermore, some existing regulatory authorities' standards and resolutions are conflicted with other resolutions issued by Fiqh academies. The paper addresses those issues by highlighting the shortcomings and proposing the necessary reforms to help reach effective Shariah governance that would protect the industry from within and help it achieve its goals. The paper concludes by proposing a Shariah governance model that should overcome the challenges addressed in the study.
Indonesian Political Kleptocracy and Oligarchy: A Critical Review from the Perspective of Islamic Law Anita Marwing
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2352

Abstract

This study discusses corruption in the Indonesian political system from Islamic law, particularly regarding the Kleptocracy and political oligarchy. One of the most basic corruption causes comes from an internal personality factor, human character: greed and wasteful. Additionally, some factors also come from human external factors, namely the perpetrators' coercion, because they are tied to a system. Corruption is carried out by individuals and in cooperation/conspiracy between the bureaucracy, corporations, and political parties. Elites called them Kleptocracy and political oligarchy. This research is descriptive qualitative research with an approach based on legal analysis. This research has found several things. First, corruption in the Indonesian political system can be categorized into acts of Ghulul (treachery), Risywah (Gratification/bribery), Khiyanah (Unfaithful), Sariqah (theft), and Hirabah (Grand Theft/ Robbery). Second. From an Islamic perspective, the strategy to eradicate corruption can be carried out by imposing sanctions, including sanctions in the world's dimensions and the hereafter. This research encourages strengthening the socio-religious system, especially among religious leaders, as a preventive and curative form of handling corruption in the political system in Indonesia.
Application of Halal Certification by Indonesian Ulema Council on Electronic and Non-Consumption Products: Maslahah Perspective Zarul Arifin; Hatoli Hatoli
Justicia Islamica Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v18i1.2397

Abstract

The background of this research is indications from those who criticize the granting of halal certification on electronic and non-consumption products. At the same time, critics say that the granting of halal certification is only a religious capitalization, the mode of following the MUI trend, getting fees. Some say that this is a misperception. This research was conducted in August 2019. This study analyzes how MUI halal certification is in electronic and non-consumption products and how halal certification in electronic and non-consumption products is in perspective. This type of research is field research with an empirical sociological approach and descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques are literature, interviews, and documentation based on secondary sources from dictionaries, brochures, expert opinions, and religious leaders. Based on the study results, it is concluded that the application of MUI halal certification in electronic products is still voluntary, so there is no mandatory (obligation) from business actors to register their products in obtaining halal certification. The application of MUI halal certification in electronic and non-consumer products, firstly for refusing mudharat, must take precedence over taking little benefit. Secondly, for companies or producers, applying for halal certification aims to provide a sense of security and comfort in the community and increase the added value of their products. Finally, the existence of halal products, even though they are non-consumption, besides having benefits for people because they are more confident in the products used, also benefits the company and fulfills the provisions in the Act. Theoretically, this research's benefits are expected to provide reading sources and guidelines for developing science, especially in Islamic law related to halal certification by the Indonesian Ulema Council on electronic and non-consumer products. Practically, the results of this study are expected to provide clear information to the public regarding the application of halal certification by the Indonesian Ulema Council on electronic and non-consumption products. 

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