Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Sosial
The journal aims to advance knowledge in Islamic legal studies within Muslim societies from various perspectives, enriching both theoretical and empirical research. It covers a range of subjects, including in-depth studies of living law in Muslim communities, legal negotiations on human rights, and issues related to comparative legal systems and constitutional law in Muslim-majority countries.
Articles
359 Documents
Eksistensi Penerimaan (Qabul) Dalam Akad Wakaf
Suchamdi Suchamdi
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.345
This paper is to describe core problem of acceptance (qabul) of wakaf transaction which Islamic law schools compare. There are several analysis statements releted to acceptance (qabul) of wakaf. At least, there are two mainstreams statements which each of them points out, one says that prerequisites are important and one states vice versa. In its own Islamic schools, there are, even, different theses. A lot of spcialists seem to accept school which considers acceptance as prerequites of wakaf. Acceptance of wakaf substantially classifies that properties donated for religious (wakaf) or community use and donator declared officially will not be taken off for good. It goes with wakaf regulation (law) in Indonesia which states that wakaf properties cannot be cancel out.
Insidad Bab al-Ijtihad dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Madhhab Shafi’i
Luthfi Hadi Aminuddin
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.346
This work is based on historcal Islamic legal development especially discourse of closing ijtihad ’authority’. Moslem and non-moslem specialist writers sure that this discourse happened pasca a’immat al-madhahib phase. This phase refers to the era when the creative thinking is stagnant. Amount of Shafi’ithe ulama> who state a binding ruling in religious matters of closing ijtihad authority, according to them, are responsible. This paper is to show that closing ijtiha>d ’authority’ discourse (insidad bab al-ijtihad) begins from the times when al-Ghaza>li>, al-Ra>fi’i>, and al-Nawa>wi> clasify mujtahid prerequsites. Their ’mujtahid qualifications’ are efforts which can close ijtiha>d ’authority’ (bab> al-ijtiha>d). Mujtahids did do Ijtiha>d as a creative thinking such as insha>’i> and intiqa>’i>. But they did this as mujtahid muntasib, mujtahid fi> al-madhhab or al-mujtahid al-murajjih} as a different level from mujtahid mustaqill. As}ha>b al-Sha>fi”˜i> such as al-Muzani>, al-Buwayt}i>, a-Juwayni>, al-Shayra>zi>, al-Ghaza>li>, al-Ra>fi”˜i> and al-Nawa>wi> standardize istinba>t} method which Sha>fi’i> formulated.
Bay' al-Murabahah: Mendudukkan Kembali Posisinya dalam Perbankan Syari’ah
Luhur Prasetiyo
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.347
Nowadays, Mura>bah}ah transaction becomes the most popular product which shari>’ah banking uses to sell its assets for amount of reasons. Total amount of shari>’ah banks store and transact their assets (fund) in mura>bah}ah system. The reason is that this product has not only small risk but also ease to manage related to muz}a>rabah and musha>rakah system. In the other hand, Many people don’t understand mura>bah}ah mechanism precisely. They often think that mura>bah}ah mechanism is as credit as well. It is, in fact, that mura>bah}ah system is a cash transaction which shari>’ah banks have. This paper is to elaborate mura>bah}ah system as a product of shari>’ah banking.
Fikih Mayoritas versus Fikih Minoritas: Melacak Akar Konflik Sosial atas Nama Syari’at
Ahmad Imam Mawardi
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.348
The basic character of fiqh is essentially relative, flexible and elastic. This character is visible when fiqh must adapt to social and cultural conditions of geographic areas that far from the birthplace of Islam. However, the basic character of fiqh is denied by some Muslim groups. They want to uniform fiqh according to their their interpretation that are considered more authentic and closer to the middle east fiqh format, centers the birth of Islam. The implication then is the "truth claims" which result in social conflicts in the name of religion. This paper is going to explore the argument how fiqh should be developed in accordance with Muslim plurality. This writing is framed in the context of dialog between the fiqh of majority and minority. The two of fiqh format often conflict and result social disharmony.
Melahirkan Kembali Ulama Perempuan di Indonesia: Refleksi atas Kelangkaan Ulama Perempuan di Indonesia
Isnatin Ulfa
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.349
Women discrimination judges as a reason of rare of women ula>ma>. Muh}ammad saw, in early Islam, places women as men as well; they can improve their intellectuality, can express amount of activities freely. Nevertheless, phases after Muh}ammad death, The condition goes back significantly. This condition reduces women’s role both at domestic aspect and at public areas such as education and other works and activities. It is real that nowadays, there are fiercely few women ula>ma>’ who work at an intellectual atmosphere including intellectual works, a political world, and a social sphere. Patriarch culture ”˜drives’ to this condition. Men’s oriented interpretation of religious texts gives also this condition worse because of its bias. This bias of interpretation reduces women rights. ”˜Women Perspective’, as a solution, can probably produce not only more fair religious law but also indiscriminative texts. Islamic world should ”˜open’ and give women rights as human to raise their intellectual quality and to give birth of new women ula>ma>’.
Penyatuan Zona Waktu Indonesia dan Implikasinya Pada Waktu Ibadah
Ahmad Junaidi
Justicia Islamica Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v9i2.350
˜Indonesian economical development extensive and speedy committee’ (KP3EI), at March 12 2012, unifies Indonesia zones which is now divided into three parts. These three time zone divisions, according to KP3EI, affect amount aspect of entities inefficiency. This paper tries both to elaborate implications that the unification effects to praying zones of Moslem community and to seek an alternative formulae for ideal time zone of Indonesian Republic (NKRI). The writer sees that the idea of those three zone unifications will affect s}alat time schedule reduction up to an hour for territories base on western Indonesian time zone ”˜WIB’ (GMT +7) and vice versa for territories base on eastern Indonesian time zone ”˜WIT’ (GMT ”“9). The territories base on central Indonesian time zone ”˜WITA (GMT +8) is fixed due to its own base. The change from ”˜WIB’ and ”˜WIT’ to ”˜WITA’ +8 is to effect second calculation results; but because that change value does not reach a second that can probably be neglected. The ideal zone of Indonesian territories, according to writer, relates not only to ”˜religious’ activities but also to work activities. so that the three time zone divisions are the only solution.
PERAN AL JAM'IYATUL WASHLIYAH DALAM MEREVITALISASI MADHHAB SHAFI'I DI ERA KONTEMPORER
Ja'far Ja'far
Justicia Islamica Vol 13 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v13i1.451
Al Jam”˜iyatul Washliyah terus memantapkan diri sebagai organisasi yang menganut madhhab Shafi”˜i sejak didirikan. Memasuki millenium ketiga, sebagian pendukungnya menilai bahwa Al Washliyah jangan hanya berpegang pada satu madhhab dengan mengabaikan madhhab-madhhab fikih Sunni lain. Sebab itu, muncul gerakan untuk mengubah asas organisasi dalam bidang hukum, dan usaha itu berhasil hingga asas organisasi sempat mengalami pergeseran redaksi sejak tahun 1997, dari “bermadhhab Shafi”˜i” menjadi “mengutamakan madhhab Shafi”˜i.” Akan tetapi, Muktamar XXI Al Washliyah tahun 2015 mengukuhkan kembali madhhab Shafi”˜i menjadi satu-satunya asas organisasi dalam bidang hukum Islam yang merupakan wujud kesetiaan Al Washliyah terhadap madhhab Shafi”˜i. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dan metode analisis isi, artikel ini akan mengkaji peran Al Washliyah dalam memerkukuh madhhab Shafi”˜i di Nusantara. Artikel ini mengajukan temuan bahwa geneologi ulama-ulama Al Washliyah dalam bidang fikih Shafi”˜i menyambung kepada ulama-ulama Shafi”˜i Masjid al-Haram, Makkah yang akhirnya menyambung kepada Imam al-Shafi”˜i. Al Washliyah melalui Dewan Fatwanya juga menghasilkan produk-produk fatwa yang kental dengan tradisi Shafi”˜i dan dijadikan pedoman konstituennya. Keberadaan lembaga fatwa, karya-karya fikih ulamanya, serta pengajaran madhhab Shafi”˜i di lembaga-lembaga pendidikannya yang ditopang oleh kegiatan dakwah, amal sosial, dan pemberdayaan ekonomi, telah menjadi strategi Al Washliyah dalam melestarikan madhhab Shafi”˜i di Nusantara.
PERKAWINAN DI BAWAH UMUR PERSPEKTIF HUKUM NORMATIF DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Agus Hermanto
Justicia Islamica Vol 13 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v13i1.455
“Perkawinan di Bawah Umur Perspektif Hukum Normatif dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia” Dalam perspektif hukum normatif, batasan usia minimal nikah adalah bâligh, sedangkan tanda-tanda bâligh ada dua, yaitu bi al-alâmaât; bagi laki-laki ditandai dengan mimpi atau keluar mani, sedangkan wanita ditandai dengan haidh. bi al-sin; menurut Hanafi, 18 tahun laki-laki dan 17 tahun perempuan. Maliki, ditandai dengan tumbuhnya rambut dianggota tubuh. Syafi’i, 15 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 9 tahun bagi perempuan. Hanbali, 15 tahun baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Perbedaan usia nikah ini terjadi disebabkan al-Qur’an maupun al-Hadits tidak secara eksplsit menetapkan usia nikah. Dalam perspektif hukum positif batas usia minimal menikah di Indonesia adalah 16 tahun bagi perempuan dan 19 tahun bagi laki-laki.
FENOMENA NIKAH SIRI DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI HUKUM
Eko Setiawan
Justicia Islamica Vol 13 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v13i1.456
Nikah siri yang diperbolehkan dalam hukum Islam adalah nikah yang syarat dan rukun nikahnya telah terpenuhi yaitu: wali nikah, dua orang saksi yang adil, ijab dan kabul. Sementara nikah siri yang dilakukan dalam pengertian tidak adanya wali nikah adalah tidak sah. Nikah yang sesuai dan sah menurut hukum Islam namun tidak dicatatkan di KUA, hukumnya tetap sah, namun perkawinan tersebut tidak memiliki legal hukum. Artinya segala hak yang timbul yang dilindungi oleh undang-undang tidak diberikan seperti pengakuan oleh hukum atas anak yang dilahirkan sehingga pemerintah tidak dapat melindungi hak-hak anak tersebut seperti memberikan akta kelahiran.
PROBLEMATIKA IMPLEMENTASI ASAS-ASAS UMUM PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK (AUPB) DALAM EKSEKUSI PUTUSAN PTUN
Lukman Santoso
Justicia Islamica Vol 13 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
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DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v13i1.457
Kehadiran hukum administrasi serta peradilan administrasi menjadi sangat penting dalam negara hukum, utamanya bagi negara hukum yang menganut paham rechtsstaat seperti Indonesia yang sudah mengakui eksistensi peradilan administrasi sejak lama. Asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AAUPB) menjadi sebuah keharusan dalam sistem peradilan administrasi. Oleh karena itu, penyelenggaraan pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh aparatur negara dalam berbagai sektor, wajib dilaksanakan sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, serta bersandar pada asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB). Penormaan AUPB dalam hukum positif Indonesia dewasa ini dapat ditemukan dalam beberapa dasar hukum, yakni salah satunya dalam UU No. 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan. Dengan berpedoman pada dasar hukum tersebut, berbagai keputusan hakim PTUN harus lebih progresif dibanding ketentuan sebelumnya. Namun, dalam praktik terdapat problem implementasi AUPB dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi putusan PTUN. Padahal AUPB merupakan dasar pijakan yang baik dalam membentuk image penegakan hukum di Indonesia, khususnya dalam menjaga keselarasan pelaksanaan hukum oleh penguasa agar tidak disalahgunakan dan bebas dari praktik korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme, termasuk dalam implementasi eksekusi putusan PTUN.