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Journal of Pharmascience
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 23555386     EISSN : 24609560     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v13i1
Core Subject :
ournal of Pharmascience accepts scientific articles as original reasearch articles and review articles on pharmacy and health. Journal of Pharmascience publishes various scientific articles covering Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in the field but not limited to: Clinical Pharmacy Community Pharmacy Pharmacology Natural Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmaceutical Management Pharmaceutical Education Apart from the topics above, the Journal of Pharmascience also accepts other manuscripts in the health field, such as: Validation and development of analytical methods for a variety of samples, including food Implementation and analysis of a variety of surveys related to medical therapy, disease, health procedures, and other aspects of health
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Articles 362 Documents
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Korelasi Antara Kepatuhan Minum Obat dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Rawat Jalan di RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Riza Alfian
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5818

Abstract

ABSTRAK            Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kelainan metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia kronis serta kelainan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Prevalensi diabetes melitus di Kalimantan Selatan pada tahun 2013 sebesar 1,4%. Ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi obat anti diabetika oral merupakan faktor utama yang dapat menyebabkan tingginya kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan minum obat dan kadar gula darah serta untuk mengetahui korelasi kepatuhan minum obat dengan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif selama periode bulan April sampai dengan Mei 2015. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien diabetes melitus rawat jalan di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin yang menerima obat anti diabetika oral. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 110 pasien. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara dan pengisian lembar kuesioner kepatuhan Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Data kadar gula darah diambil dari catatan medis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien diabetes melitus rawat jalan yaitu tingkat kepatuhan rendah (42,7%), tingkat kepatuhan sedang (39,1%), dan tingkat kepatuhan tinggi (18,2%). Dengan rata-rata kadar gula darah puasa dan dua jam setealah makan secara berturut-turut sebesar 156,04 ± 63,15 mg/dL dan 210.90 ± 80,76 mg/dL. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara kepatuhan minum obat dengan kadar gula darah dua jam setelah makan (p<0,05) dengan arah korelasi yaitu negatif. Kata Kunci—Diabetes melitus, Kepatuhan, MMAS, Kadar gula darah Abstract            Diabetes mellitus is a one of metabolic diseases with characteristic chronic hyperglycemia and abnormal metabolism carbohydrate, lipid and protein. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in South Borneo in 2013 was 1,4%. Non adherence in patients taking oral anti-diabetic drugs are the main factors that cause high blood glycemic levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship and level of medication adherence on ambulatory diabetes mellitus spatients at internal disease polyclinic Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin General Hospital. This study was conducted with a cross sectional design to take patient data prospectively during the period from April until May, 2015. Subjects were ambulatory diabetes mellitus patients at internal disease polyclinic general Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin Hospital who had received oral anti-diabetic. The sample who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 110 patients. The data were collected by conducting interviews and completion Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) questionnaire. The blood glucose levels data was taken from their medical records. The results showed that the level of medication adherence on diabetes mellitus patient are low adherence level (42,7%), moderate levels of adherence (39,1%%), and high levels of adherence (18,2%). The average of fasting blood glucose and blood glucose two hours post prandial were 156,04 ± 63,15 mg/dL and 210.90 ± 80,76 mg/dL respectively. There were correlation between the adherence and the blood glucose two hours post prandial (p<0,05), and the correlation were negative. Keywords— Diabetes melitus, Adherence, MMAS, Blood Glycemic Level
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol dan Ekstrak n-Heksan Daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia Alata. L) terhadap Waktu Kematian Cacing Pita Ayam (Raillietina Sp.) Secara In Vitro Difa Intannia; Rezki Amelia; Lisda Handayani; Heri Budi Santoso
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5819

Abstract

ABSTRAK            Indonesia diketahui banyak memiliki tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat, diantaranya adalah daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata. L) yang mempunyai khasiat sebagai obat cacing, sariawan, sembelit, panu, kurap, kudis dan gatal-gatal. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol dan n-heksan daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata. L) terhadap waktu kematian cacing pita ayam secara in vitro. Metode Penelitian: Merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan memberikan perlakuan terhadap cacing pita ayam yang direndam dalam ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak n-heksan dengan dosis 25 mg/25 mL, 50 mg/25 mL, 75 mg/ 25mL dan 100 mg/25 mL serta sebagai pembanding adalah mebendazole dengan seri dosis yang sama. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan 3 kali replikasi dengan masing-masing replikasi menggunakan 5 ekor cacing. Waktu kematian cacing dicatat dan dilakukan analisis. Hasil Penelitian: Ekstrak n-heksan diketahui lebih cepat mematikan cacing pita ayam dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol, namun masih lebih lambat dibandingkan dengan mebendazole. Dosis  100 mg/ 25mL memberikan waktu kematian yang paling cepat pada semua kelompok, dengan waktu kematian sebagai berikut: 1) Ekstrak etanol 202 menit±17.48, 2) Ekstrak n-heksan 138 menit±26,94 dan Mebendazole 95 menit±21,68. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol dan n-heksan mampu mematikan cacing pita ayam (Raillietina sp.) secara in vitro.Kata kunci: Efek anthelmintic, daun Cassia alata. L, ekstrak etanol, ekstrak n-heksan, Raillietina spAbstractKetepeng Cina (Cassia alata. L) is one of Indonesian medical herb which have properties as an anthelmintic, laxative, treat scabies and itchy. Aim of this study is to understand the effect of ethanolic and n-hexane leaf extract of Cassia alata. L toward mortality time of chicken tapeworm (raillietina sp.) in vitro. Four concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ 25 mL) of each extract were studied in activity, which involved the determination time of death of the tapeworm. Both the extracts exhibited best anthelmintic effect at highest concentration of 100 mg/25 ml.  Mebendazole  in  same  concentration  as  that  of  extract  was included  as  standard  reference. Mortality time for each extracts are 1) Ethanolic extracts 202 minute±17.48; 2) n-hexane extract 138 minute±26.94 and Mebendazole 95 minute±21.68  The ethanolic  and  n-hexane leaf  extracts of Cassia alata. L has effect toward mortality time of chicken tapeworm Raillietina sp. in vitro.Key word: Anthelmintic effect, Cassia alata. L, Ethanolic leaf extract, n-Hexane leaf extract, Raillietina sp
Aktivitas Pro-Apoptosis Fraksi Air Daun Jawer Kotok (Plectranthus Scutellaroides) pada Ekor Larva Katak Rana Catesbeiana Stadium Metamorfosis Klimaks Moelyono Moektiwardoyo; Putu Dian; Ajeng Diantini
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5820

Abstract

ABSTRAK Daun Jawer kotok (Plectranthus scutellaroides), diketahui banyak mempunyai manfaat dalam pengobatan tradisional, salah satunya  sebagai antiinflamasi yang menjadi langkah awal pencarian anti kanker dari tumbuhan. Kanker adalah suatu penyakit yang diakibatkan terjadinya mutasi gen yang mengakibatkan kelainan pada kromosom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas pro-apoptosis fraksi polar daun jawer kotok (Plectranthus scutellaroides) terhadap ekor larva katak Rana catesbeiana saat stadium metamorfosis klimaks. Fraksi polar daun jawer kotok diperoleh melalui fraksinasi ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh dengan cara maserasi  dalam pelarut non polar, semi polar, dan pelarut polar. Metode pengujian aktivitas pro-apoptosis adalah dengan menghitung frekuensi sel apoptosis diantara sel nekrosis dan sel normal per seribu sel per ekor larva katak di bawah mikroskop. Jenis kematian sel ditentukan dengan pewarnaan Giemsa. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi polar daun jawer kotok dengan beberapa variasi   dosis mempengaruhi  frekuensi sel apoptosis jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol (a = 0,05). Frekuensi sel apoptosis tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh dosis 500 mg/kg BB yaitu sebesar 79,51%. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi polar daun jawer kotok  menunjukkan  aktivitas pro-apoptosis pada ekor larva katak Rana catesbeiana stadium metamorfosis klimaks.Kata kunci :   Plectratus scutellaroides, apoptosis, Rana catesbeianaABSTRACTLeaves of jawer kotok (Plectranthus scutellaroides) has many benefits in tusing of traditional medicine, one among  them is antiinflammation which can be starting point of seeking and discovering of anticancer from plants. Cancer is one of disease due to gen mutation that effect anomaly of chromosom. The purpose of this experiment was to identify the pro-apoptotic activity of polar fraction of jawer kotok leaves on Rana catesbeiana tadpole tail in climax metamorphosis phase. Polar fraction was obtained through fractination of ethanolic extract which are made by maceration method in non polar, semi polar, and polar solvents.  The method use in this experiment was calculating the apoptotic cell frequency between necrotic cells and normal cells which were counted per one thousand of tadpole tails cells under microscope. The modes of cell death determined by Giemsa staining. The experiment showed that variation of dose of polar fraction of jawer kotok leaves is affecting  the frequency of apoptotic cell death compared with control (a = 0.05). Dose of 500 mg/kg body weight of water fraction of jawer kotok leaves gave the highest apoptotic cell frequency (79.51 %) between normal and necrotic cell. It can be concluded that polar fraction of jawer kotok leaves has pro-apoptotic activity on Rana catesbeiana tadpole tail in climax metamorphosis phase. Keywords: Plectranthus scutellaroides, apoptosis, Rana catesbeiana
Profil SGPT dan SGOT Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus L.) di Sungai Riam Kanan Kalimantan Selatan Hidayaturrahmah Hidayaturrahmah; Muhamat Muhamat; Heri Budi Santoso
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5821

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui  Profil nilai SGPT dan SGOT ikan nila pada budidaya keramba di sungai riam kanan sebagai parameter untuk mengetahui fisiologi pada organ hati. Penentuan kadar SGPT dan SGOT dengan metode spektrofotometri (UV Visible spectrometer, GBC Scientific Equipment). Sampel ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus L.) diambil dari tiga titik stasiun di sekitar sungai Riam Kanan, kemudian dari tiap stasiun dilakukan 3 kali pengambilan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada fungsi hati ikan nila pada stasiun I (Desa Awang Bangkal), Stasiun II (Desa Mandikapau) dan stasiun III (Desa Sungai alang) menghasilkan nilai SGPT dan SGOT yang lebih tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan nilai normal SGPT dan SGOT ikan nila tawar pada umumnya. Profil  SGPT dan SGOT paling tinggi terdapat pada stasiun Mandikapau yaitu sebesar 75 ± 21 U/I dan 204,67 ± 56,72. Profil nilai SGPT/SGOT paling rendah terdapat pada stasiun  awang Bangkal  sebesar 45 ± 18,73U/I dan 139,67 ± 26,84. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara fisiologis profil SGPT dan SGOT  Ikan Nila di perairan sungai Riam dinilai terdapat adanya gangguan pada hati. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai SGPT dan SGOT yang  lebih rendah dari nilai normal.Kata kunci : SGPT, SGOT, Ikan Nila, Sungai Riam Kanan ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the value of SGPT and SGOT profile tilapia in aquaculture cages in the river rapids as the right to determine the physiological parameters in the liver. Determination of SGPT and SGOT levels by spectrophotometric method (UV-Visible spectrometer, GBC Scientific Equipment). Samples Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) were taken from the three-point stations around the river Riam Kanan, then from each station sampling is done 3 times. The results showed that the liver function of tilapia at station I (Desa Awang Bangkal), Station II (Village Mandikapau) and the station III (Sungai grasslands) produce value SGPT and SGOT were higher when compared with normal values SGPT and SGOT tilapia bargaining in general. SGPT and SGOT profile is highest in Mandikapau station that is equal to 75 ± 21 U / I and 204.67 ± 56.72. Profile value SGPT / SGOT lowest contained in Bangkal awang station by 45 ± 18.73U / I and 139.67 ± 26.84. This study shows that physiological profile SGPT and SGOT Tilapia in river waters cascade assessed there is a disturbance in the heart. It can be seen from SGPT and SGOT values were lower than normal value.Keywords: SGPT, SGOT, Oreochromis niloticus L.
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya (Cost Effectiveness Analysis) Penggunaan Amitryptiline Dibandingkan Carbamazepine pada Pasien Nyeri Neuropatik (Studi Kasus Di Klinik Saraf Rumkital. Dr. Ramelan Surabaya) Nurul Qiyaam; Abdul Rahem; Dian Maria Pia; Lestiono Lestiono
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5822

Abstract

ABSTRAK Nyeri neuropatik merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan penanganan optimal, sehingga perlu memperhatikan aspek efektivitas dan biaya terapi. Efektivitas amitryptiline dan  carbamazepine untuk pengobatan nyeri neuropatik telah dibuktikan, tetapi belum  diketahui mana yang paling cost-effective. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis efektivitas biaya (cost-effectiveness) amitryptiline dan carbamazepine pada pasien nyeri neuropatik di klinik Saraf Rumkital dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama Februari-Mei 2014 didapatkan sebanyak 62 pasien. Metode penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)  kemudian dilakukan analisis efektivitas biaya dengan menghitung nilai Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) masing-masing terapi. Pengukuran efektifitas terapi dilihat dari penurunan intensitas nyeri menggunakan Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) sebelum dan 4 minggu sesudah terapi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan intensitas nyeri pre dan post pada terapi amitryptiline dan carbamazepine,akan tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan efektifitas terapi dan nilai ACER antara amitryptiline dan carbamazepine. Biaya terapi amitryptilin (Rp.41.695) lebih murah dibandingkan carbamazepine (Rp.47.380) sehingga amitryptiline lebih menghemat biaya dari carbamazepine dengan efektivitas setara. Perbedaan biaya terapi hanya pada harga obat saja sehingga penelitian ini juga sesuai dengan metode Cost Minimation Analysis (CMA). Disarankan penelitian lebih lanjut cost-effectiveness menggunakan sampel yang lebih spesifik terkait penyebab nyeri neuropatik. Kata kunci :   nyeri neuropatik, amitryptiline, carbamazepine, cost-  effectiveness ABSTRACTNeuropathic pain is a chronic disease that requires optimum handling, so it needs to consider the aspects of the effectiveness and cost of treatment. Carbamazepine’s and amitryptiline’s effectiveness for the treatment of neuropathic pain has been demonstrated, but there were no data available regarding the cost-effectiveness between those medications. This study was conducted to analyze the cost-effectiveness  of amitryptiline and carbamazepine in patients with neuropathic pain in the Neurology Clinic in dr.Ramelan Navy Hospital  Surabaya. Data collection was conducted during February until May 2014, it was found as many as 62 patients. Randomized Controlled Trial studies (RCT) then was conducted to make a cost effectiveness analysis by the calculation of the value of Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) for each therapy.  Measurement of the effectiveness of therapy was obtained from a decrease in pain intensity using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) before and 4 weeks after therapy. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there was a difference in decreasing rate of pain intensity between pre and post amitryptiline and carbamazepine therapy, but there were no difference in therapeutic effectiveness and value of ACER between amitryptiline and carbamazepine. Cost of Amitryptiline therapy (Rp.41.695) was cheaper than Carbamazepine (Rp.47.380), so amitryptiline more cost- saving  than  carbamazepine with equal effectiveness. The difference is on the cost of the drug therapy alone so this study was also in accordance with the Cost Minimation Analysis (CMA). Further research suggested cost-effectiveness using a sample that is more specifically related to the causes of neuropathic pain. Keywords: neuropathic pain, amitryptiline, carbamazepine, cost-effectiveness
Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi di Puskesmas Pagesangan Mataram Wirawan Adikusuma; Nurul Qiyaam; Fita Yuliana
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5823

Abstract

ABSTRAK Keberhasilan suatu pengobatan tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, sikap, dan keterampilan petugasnya, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh kepatuhan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepatuhan penggunaan obat hipertensi dan beberapa variabel karakteristik pasien yang berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pagesangan, Mataram. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasional crossectional dengan mengambil data secara prospektif selama periode Februari – Maret 2015. Pengukuran kepatuhan dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner MMAS (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale) yang berisi 8 pertanyaan. Persentase tingkat kepatuhan berdasarkan kuesioner MMAS adalah kepatuhan tinggi 75 % dan kepatuhan rendah 25 %. Berdasarkan analisis Chi Square tidak ada karakteristik subyek penelitian yang berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan (P>0,05).Kata kunci: Hipertensi, kepatuhan, MMAS ABSTRACTThe success of a treatment is not only influenced by the quality of health services, attitudes and skills of its health workes, but also influenced by patient adherence. This research is aimed to measure adherence to antihypertensive therapy in hypertensive patients at primary health center Mataram, and to investigate patient’s characteristic associated with such adherence. This research was carried out by observational cross-sectional design with prospective data collection during February – March  2015. The measurement of adherence is done by using a questionnaire MMAS (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale) which contains 8 questions. The percentage of the level of adherence by questionnaire MMAS is a high adherence 75% and 25% lower adherence. Based on the analysis of Chi-Square no characteristic of the study subjects that affect adherence (P>0,05).Key word : Hipertensive, Adherence, MMAS
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Tablet Dispersi Padat Kalsium Atorvastatin Dolih Gozali; Yoga Windhu Wardhana; Shofa Shofa
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5824

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kalsium Atorvastatin  merupakan obat antihiperlipidemia golongan statin.  Berdasarkan Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS),   Kalsium Atorvastatin termasuk dalam golongan obat yang memiliki kelarutan rendah. Kelarutan atorvastatin yang rendah dalam air menyebabkan laju disolusi rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan disoluisi adalah dengan  dispersi padat. Dispersi padat  yaitu suatu keadaan dimana satu atau lebih bahan aktif terdispersi dalam polimer pembawa pada keadaan padat. Pada penelitian sebelumnya (Lakshmi, 2010), dispersi padat atorvastatain kalsium dengan PEG 6000 (1:3) menunjukkan hasil laju disolusi yang tertinggi. Pada penelitian ini dispersi padat kalsium atorvastatain (ATC) dengan PEG 6000 sebagai pembawa hidrofilik dalam perbandingan 1:3, 1:6, 1:9 Kemudian hasilnya dibuat tablet dengan metode kempa langsung. Uji disolusi dilakukan dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil disolusi yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa  bahwa adanya peningkatan laju  disolusi dilihat dari persen terdisolusi yang dihasilkan setelah 30 menit yaitu sebesar  formula 1 (ATC tanpa PEG 6000)  25,63%, formula 2  (1:3) 27,90 %), formula 3 (1:6)  31,83 % dan  formula 4  (1:9)   13,61 %. Kata Kunci :  Kalsium Atorvastatin, Dispersi Padat, Disolusi, PEG 6000 ABSTRACTAtorvastatin calcium is anti-hyperlipidemia drugs known as statins. Based on Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), Calcium Atorvastatin belongs to a class of drugs which have low solubility. The low solubility of atorvastatin in water causes low dissolution rate. One way to improve disolution is by solid dispersion. Solid dispersion is a condition which one or more active ingredients dispersed in a polymer carrier in the solid state. In the previous study (Lakshmi, 2010), solid dispersion of calcium atorvastatain with PEG 6000 (1: 3) showed the results of highest dissolution rate. In this study, solid dispersions of calcium atorvastatain (ATC) with a hydrophilic PEG 6000 as a carrier in a ratio of 1: 3, 1: 6, 1: 9 Then the results are made into tablet by direct compress method.  Dissolution rates are tested by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The dissolution result shows that there is an increase of the  dissolution rate, viewed by percent dissolved after 30 minutes in the amount of formula 1 (ATC without PEG 6000) 25.63%, formula 2 (1: 3) 27.90%), formula 3 (1: 6) 31.83% and the formula 4 (1: 9) 13.61%.Keyword : Atorvastatin calcium, Solid Dispersion, Dissolution, PEG 6000
Isolasi Bakteri Dari Tanah Gambut Penghasil Enzim Protease Dede Mahdiyah
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5825

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanah gambut terbentuk dari hasil dekomposisi bahan-bahan organik dalam keadaan anaerob. Tanah gambut memiliki karakteristik fisika dan kimia yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kesuburan gambut. Mikroorganisme pada tanah gambut beranekaragam dan memiliki peranan penting sebagai dekomposer, penyedia unsur hara bagi tanaman, penghasil enzim. Peranan enzim sangat penting bagi industri makanan, obat, pertanian, dan peternakan. Salah satu enzim yang tersebar luas dan peranananya cukup baik dalam industri adalah protease. Protease merupakan biokatalisator untuk reaksi pemecahan protein. Enzim ini akan mengkatalisis reaksi hidrolisis, yaitu reaksi yang melibatkan unsur air pada ikatan spesifik substrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri dari tanah gambut penghasil protease. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pengambilan sampel tanah gambut, isolasi bakteri dari tanah gambut menggunakan media Nutrient Agar (NA) dengan melalui teknik pengenceran dari 10-1 sampai 10-7 pada media NaCl 0,9%, setelah itu uji protease menggunakan media NA dan susu skim 1%, untuk identifikasi bakteri menggunakan teknik pewarnaan Gram. Diperoleh hasil dari teknik isolasi bakteri dari tanah gambut sebanyak 180 isolat yang tumbuh baik dengan suhu inkubasi 37oC selama 24 jam. Isolat yang potensial sebagai penghasil protease sebanyak lima isolat yaitu isolat 3TG, 4TG, 5TG, 6TG, dan 7TG yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya zona bening disekitar koloni selama 48 jam. Kelima isolat tersebut berdasarkan morfologi koloni yaitu memiliki bentuk bulat, bulat tidak beraturan, elevasi cembung, cekung dan datar, warna koloni putih, krem, kuning, kuning transparan dan orange. Berdasarkan uji pewarnaan Gram kelima isolat tersebut empat isolat merupakan bakteri Gram positif dan satu isolat yaitu 7TG termasuk Gram negatif. Kata Kunci: Isolasi, Bakteri, Tanah Gambut.ABSTRACTPeat soil is formed from the decomposition of organic materials in anaerobic state. Peat soil has physical and chemical characteristics that can affect the level of fertility of peat. Microorganisms in diverse peat soil and has an important role as decomposers, provider of nutrients for plants, producing enzymes. The role of the enzyme is very important for the food industry, medicine, agriculture, and livestock. One enzyme is widespread and the have role quite well in the industry is a protease. Protease is catalisator biologyst to the reaction of protein breakdown. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction, the reaction involving water element on a substrate specific binding. This study aimed to isolated the bacteria from producing peat soil protease. Research methodology were peat soil sampling, isolation of bacteria from peat using media Nutrient Agar (NA) by the technique of dilution from 10-1 to 10-7 in 0.9% NaCl media, after the test protease using NA and media skim milk 1%, for the identification of bacteria using Gram staining technique. The results obtained from the isolation of bacteria from the peat soil of 180 isolates that grow well with incubation temperature of 37oC for 24 hours. Isolates potential as a producer of protease five isolates that isolates 3TG, 4TG, 5TG, 6TG, and 7TG indicated by a clear zone around the colony for 48 hours. Fifth isolates were based on morphology of the colonies which have a spherical shape, irregular round, elevation convex, concave and flat, colony color white, beige, yellow, transparent yellow and orange. Gram staining test is based on the five isolates, four isolates are Gram-positive bacteria and one isolate that 7TG including Gram negative. Keywords: bacteria, isolate, peat soil.
Formulasi Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Ceramide Garnadi Jafar; Sasanti Tarini Darijanto; Rachmat Mauludin
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5826

Abstract

ABSTRAK Ceramide merupakan senyawa golongan Phytosphingosine yang secara alami terdapat didalam kulit disekitar stratum korneum yang memiliki efek sebagai menjaga kelembaban kulit. Ceramide yang terdapat dikulit secara alami akan berkurang seiring dengan penuaan dan faktor lainnya yang mengakibatkan kulit menjadi kering. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini maka pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan formula solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) ceramide sintetik yang diinkorporasikan kedalam sediaan gel agar membentuk sistem oklusif pada kulit untuk membantu dalam mengatasi TEWL (Transepidermal Water Loss). Pembuatan SLN yang digunakan yaitu ultraturax dan ultrasonik probe dengan pemilihan 3 jenis lipid padat (asam stearat, gliserol monostearat dan apifil) serta 2 jenis surfaktan (tego care dan planta care). Karakterisasi SLN meliputi analisis ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, zeta potensial, morfologi (TEM) dan stabilitas fisik. SLN ceramide yang stabil terbentuk dengan kapasitas pemuatan ceramide 4 %  dengan kapasitas apifil 4 % dan planta care 1 % memiliki diameter globul 113.5 ± 3.60 nm dan indeks polidisperitas 0.263 ± 0.01. Selama penyimpanan 2 bulan kandungan ceramide relative stabil dengan nilai 92.26 %. Kata Kunci : ceramide, SLN, kelembaban. ABSTRACTCeramide is a substance from Phytosphingosine group that naturally occured around stratum corneum region within our skin, possessing skin moisturizing activity. Along with aging process, ceramide will progressively reduce in number, bringing dryness to the skin. In this research, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation containing synthetic ceramide was developed and later incorporated into gel and cream dosage forms that formed occlussive system on skin surface to reduce Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL). SLN manufactured by ultrathurax and probe ultrasonic using 3 types of solid lipids (stearic acid, glycerol monostearate, and apiphyl) and 2 types of surfactants (tego care and planta care). SLN characterisation including particle size analysis, polydispersity index, zeta potensial determination, morphology (TEM), and physical stability. Ceramide SLN then incorporated into gel or cream dosage form. Physical stability conducted were organoleptic, pH, and viscosity tests in room temperature storage and also in accelerated stability test condition. Cream dosage forms before and after stability test (freeze-thaw instability test) were compared, showing viscosity reduction after 5cycles. Moisturity test was later conducted using CM 825 corneometer. Stable ceramide SLN was formed with 4 % ceramide loading capacity using 4 % apiphyl and 1 % planta care, having globules diameter of 113.5 ± 3.60 nm and polydispersity index of 0.263 ± 0.01. During 2 months storage, ceramide was relatively stable with concentration of 92.26 %.Keywords : ceramide, SLN, gel, cream, moisturity
Analisis Kinerja Instalasi Farmasi di BLUD Rumah Sakit Kota Banjarbaru Dengan Metode Balanced Scorecard Berdasarkan Perspektif Keuangan dan Perspektif Pelayanan Periode 2012-2014 Windi Ayu Aprilliani; Nani Kartinah; Ratna Suci Wahyu Hardiati
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v2i2.5827

Abstract

ABSTRAK Peningkatan mutu dan kinerja rumah sakit perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas kepada masyarakat. Balanced Scorecard merupakan metode yang koheren dan kompherensif sebagai alat evaluasi manajemen karena dapat mengukur dari empat perspektif, yaitu keuangan, pelanggan, proses pelayanan dan pertumbuhan pembelajaran. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dan cross sectional berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa: 1) kinerja perspektif keuangan tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2014 diperoleh rata-rata rasio ekonomi sebesar 95,84%; rasio efisiensi sebesar 893,71%; dan rasio efektivitas sebesar 91,94%. 2) kinerja perspektif pelayanan tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2014 diperoleh rata-rata nilai ALOS 3,67 hari; BOR 88,47%; TOI 0,52 hari; BTO 81,12 kali; GDR 17,17‰; NDR 7,64‰; tingkat ketersediaan obat 88%; dispensing time : waktu maksimal racikan 68 menit dan non racikan 48 menit; tingkat antrian pasien 68,05%; komponen yang tertera pada etiket meliputi nama RS, alamat RS, tanggal pembuatan resep, nama pasien aturan pakai dan peringatan khusus; dan informasi obat yang diberikan meliputi cara pakai obat 68,99%, cara simpan obat 28,80% dan jangka waktu pengobatan 31,96%. Diperoleh kesimpulan kinerja perspektif keuangan termasuk kriteria cukup baik dengan deskriptif persentase sebesar 61,54%; kinerja pelayanan rawat inap termasuk kriteria cukup baik dengan deskriptif persentase sebesar 77,78%; dan kinerja perspektif pelayanan rawat jalan termasuk kriteria kurang dengan deskriptif persentase sebesar 60%.Kata kunci: evaluasi, kinerja, Balanced Scorecard, perspektif keuangan, perspektif pelayanan, Instalasi Farmasi BLUD RS Kota BanjarbaruABSTRACTThe increase of hospital quality and performance needs to be done to give a qualified service to society. Balanced Scorecard is a coherent and comprehensive method as a management evaluation tool because it can measure from four perspectives, such as finance, customer, process of service and learning growth. Data collecting was conducted retrospectively and in a cross sectional way in form of primary and secondary data. The study result showed that: 1) the average economical ratio of financial perspective performance in 2012 until 2014 was 95.84%; efficiency ratio was 893.71%; and affectivity ratio was 91.94%. 2) from service perspective performance in 2012 until 2014 it was obtained the average values of ALOS (3.67 days); BOR (88.47%); TOI (0.52 day); BTO (81.12 times); GDR (17.17‰); NDR (7.64‰); medicine availability level (88%); dispensing time: maximum time of mixing was 68 minutes and non mixing was 48 minutes; patient queue level (68.05%); components printed on etiquette included a hospital’s name, hospital’s address, prescription making date, patient’s name, using rule and special warning; medical information given included the way to use medicine (68.99%), the way to keep medicine (28.80%), and the interval of medicinal treatment (31.96%). The conclusions were the performance of financial perspective included in fairly good criteria with percentage description of 61.54%; the performance of inpatient service included in fairly good criteria with percentage description of 77.78%; and the performance of outpatient service included in not good (poor) criteria with percentage description of 60%.Keywords: evaluation, performance, Balanced Scorecard, financial perspective, service perspective, Pharmacy installation of Local Public Service Agency in Hospital Banjarbaru

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