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Daerah istimewa yogyakarta
INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14123991     EISSN : 25287036     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Science,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 298 Documents
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Effectiveness of soaking in bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) extract in the treatment of formalin-contaminated salted lencam fish (Lethrinidae) Harianti Harianti; Meri Astuti; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Besse Firma Jamal
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.94485

Abstract

The widespread use of formalin as an illegal preservative in fish products poses serious risks to public health, highlighting the urgency of developing safe and natural mitigation methods. This study investigates the effectiveness of soaking salted lencam fish (Lethrinidae) in bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) extract to reduce formalin levels. The research was conducted from August to September 2022 in three traditional markets—Palattae, Laccibung, and Patimpeng—in Bone Regency, Indonesia, with laboratory analysis performed at the Fishery Product Quality Implementation Center. An experimental approach was used, involving samples obtained from six fish traders, of which two samples (A1 and B2) were identified as positive for formalin contamination. These samples were treated by soaking in 70% bilimbi extract for 30 minutes, and data were analyzed using a paired t-test with SPSS 16.0. The results showed a notable reduction in formalin levels, where sample A1 decreased from 9 mg/kg to 5.6 mg/kg and sample B2 from 9 mg/kg to 5.2 mg/kg, with an average reduction of approximately 62% (60% and 64%, respectively). These findings indicate that bilimbi extract is effective as a natural agent for reducing formalin contamination in salted fish products. In conclusion, soaking salted lencam fish in bilimbi extract provides a practical and safer alternative for improving food safety and protecting consumer health. 
Optimization of Singkarak hydropower outflow for renewable micro hydropower development Rosnita Rauf; Harry Setya Hadi; Hazlif Najif
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.95116

Abstract

The government's initiative to enhance energy resilience and independence includes the augmented use of green energy. PLTA Singkarak is a renewable energy facility that harnesses water from Lake Singkarak to operate its turbines, featuring an average tailrace discharge of 30 m³/s. The Singkarak Hydroelectric Power Plant receives its energy from PLN's Singkarak Substation, utilizing a 5 MVA transformer for distribution to meet its own consumption needs. Consequently, each month, the Singkarak Hydroelectric Power Plant must reduce its total kWh output by its own use, averaging 4,127.8 kW each day. A small-scale Micro Hydro power plant will be developed to utilize the potential water source at the outflow of the Singakrak Hydroelectric Power Plant, serving as the primary supply for the facility, and so decreasing the company's performance target for its own consumption. A sufficiently big outflow tailrace discharge is likely to be repurposed for a micro-hydropower plant. The initial elevation of the Singkarak Hydroelectric Power Plant tailrace exit is 71 meters above sea level, whereas the end elevation is 67 meters above sea level, as measured by hand. A micro-hydropower plant (PLTMH) can be engineered with a net head of 3.8 m and a flow rate of 10.618 m³/s, yielding a maximum power output of 327.8 kW. The turbine employed is a Kaplan turbine, while the generator utilized is a 3-phase synchronous generator, with both components functioning at 1000 rpm . This PLTMH design can supplant the self-consumption of the Singkarak hydropower plant (PLTA), hence enhancing the system's energy efficiency.
Effect of soaking Allium sativum peel waste on microbial contamination of salted anchovy rice and analysis of its total phenolic content Iramie Duma Kencana Irianto; Amelia Handayani Burhan; Afifah Astuti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.55677

Abstract

Approximately 84% of salted anchovy rice fish sold in traditional markets in Yogyakarta still contain formaldehyde, a hazardous substance that may cause adverse health effects ranging from throat irritation to cancer. Saponin compounds contained in Allium sativum peel waste have been reported to reduce formaldehyde levels in salted anchovy rice fish by up to 89.12%; however, the reduction of formaldehyde may increase microbial contamination. This study aimed to examine microbial contamination in salted anchovy rice fish after immersion treatment using A. sativum peel waste. Qualitative analysis of saponins was conducted using the Froth test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), while phenolic compounds were analyzed qualitatively using TLC and quantitatively using spectrophotometric methods. Microbial contamination was evaluated using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The results demonstrated that A. sativum peel waste contained saponin and phenolic compounds, with an average phenolic content of 8.57 ppm. Furthermore, 1 g of A. sativum peel waste reduced microbial contamination in salted anchovy rice fish by up to 10,000-fold. The microbial contamination level showed a TPC value of 8.55 × 10³ colonies/g, indicating that the product remained within the safe consumption limit of less than 1 × 10⁵ colonies/g.
Baseline assessment of household waste generation in a remote tropical region: Jayapura, Indonesia Lazarus Ramandei
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v31i2.90291

Abstract

Reliable information on household waste generation and composition is essential for developing effective waste management strategies, particularly in geographically remote regions with limited infrastructure. This study aimed to assess household waste generation rates, waste composition, and associated socioeconomic and spatial characteristics in Jayapura Regency, Papua, Indonesia. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted involving 400 households across five districts representing urban, semi-urban, and rural areas. Household waste was measured over eight consecutive days following SNI 19-3964-1995, and the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistical methods, and spatial analysis. The study reported an average household waste generation rate of 0.48 kg/person/day, with higher rates in urban areas (0.56 kg/person/day) than in rural areas (0.35–0.42 kg/person/day). Organic waste constituted the largest proportion of household waste (62.5%), followed by plastic waste (18.3%). These findings indicate substantial differences in waste generation patterns across the study areas and highlight the importance of considering local waste characteristics in infrastructure planning. The results provide preliminary baseline information to support the development of geographically differentiated household waste management strategies in Jayapura Regency.
Castor oil and nano-silica based multilayer coating system for improved corrosion protection of ASTM A36 Bagas Suryadi; Riduwan Prasetya; Andoko Andoko
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v31i2.96941

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a castor oil and nano-silica based multilayer coating system in improving the corrosion protection of ASTM A36 in chloride-rich environments. ASTM A36 specimens were prepared and coated in four configurations: uncoated steel, epoxy-coated steel, castor oil/nano-silica-coated steel, and a multilayer system consisting of castor oil, nano-silica, and epoxy. The primer was formulated by dispersing 5 wt% nano-silica in castor oil with Triton X-100 as surfactant, followed by epoxy topcoat application and controlled curing. The coating systems were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to identify functional group interactions, coating thickness measurements, potentiodynamic polarization for corrosion rate determination, immersion mass-loss testing for 21 days, and visual degradation observation. The results showed that the addition of nano-silica and epoxy altered the chemical structure of the coating and promoted a denser barrier network. Electrochemical testing indicated a substantial reduction in corrosion rate for coated specimens compared with uncoated steel, while thickness analysis showed that the multilayer coating produced the highest thickness and best uniformity. Immersion and physical degradation observations further confirmed that the integrated coating system improved barrier integrity and reduced corrosion damage. These findings indicate that combining castor oil, nano-silica, and epoxy is a promising strategy for developing durable and environmentally compatible anticorrosion coatings for structural steel.
Changes in phenolic and flavonoid profiles and antioxidant activity of mango peel during lactobacillus plantarum fermentation Arsyi Chairyi; Prima Fitria Hillman; Syafrizayanti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v31i2.101815

Abstract

Mango peel contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds with potential as natural antioxidants. However, most of these compounds remain bound as glycosides, which may reduce their bioactivity, particularly their antioxidant capacity. One approach to increasing the phenolic and flavonoid content of mango peel is through biotransformation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including Lactobacillus plantarum. This study aimed to analyze changes in phenolic and flavonoid contents and the metabolite profile of mango peel, as well as to evaluate its antioxidant activity following biotransformation by L. plantarum. We carried out the biotransformation and harvested samples at 0 and 60 h. We extracted the fermented samples using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with methanol and concentrated the extract by evaporation to obtain a crude extract. We then analyzed the crude extract for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, metabolite profile by HPLC, and antioxidant activity using the FRAP and ABTS assays. The results showed that biotransformation increased total phenolic content by 4.8% and total flavonoid content by 18.84%, although the latter increase was not statistically significant. HPLC characterization supported these changes, revealing new peaks and changes in peak intensity following biotransformation. The increase in total phenolic and flavonoid contents was accompanied by enhanced antioxidant activity, as indicated by the increased reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ in FRAP assay and the improved scavenging activity against ABTS•+ radicals, reflected by a decrease in the IC50 value.
Numerical analysis of the effect of moisture-dependent thermal diffusivity on concrete delamination depth estimation using pulsed infrared thermography for tropical coastal applications Ananta Kusuma Yoga Pratama; Sunarko
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v31i2.102029

Abstract

This numerical study evaluates how moisture-induced variations in thermal diffusivity affect concrete delamination depth estimation using pulsed infrared thermography (PIRT). We employed a one-dimensional heat diffusion model, representing the delamination as a thermal barrier. We generated synthetic thermal responses for dry and saturated concrete with delamination depths ranging from 1 to 5 cm, using a 1 s sampling interval over a 4-h observation period. To represent measurement uncertainty, we added Gaussian noise with a standard deviation of 0.05 °C to each response, then smoothed the signals with a centered moving average using a 61-sample window. We evaluated the reliability of peak-time inversion through 200 Monte Carlo realizations under matched and mismatched conditions. The results show that increasing delamination depth reduces the thermal-contrast amplitude and increases the uncertainty in peak-time determination, with a more pronounced effect in saturated concrete because of its lower thermal-response amplitude. Under matched conditions, the estimation bias reached approximately 10.0% for dry concrete and 17.0% for saturated concrete, with maximum RMSE values of 1.10 and 1.35 cm, respectively. Under mismatched conditions, using the thermal diffusivity of dry concrete to invert the thermal response of saturated concrete produced a systematic shift of approximately −2.72% relative to the matched condition, consistent with the analytical prediction. For the parameters investigated, these results indicate that uncertainty in peak-time determination contributes more strongly to the overall estimation error than thermal-diffusivity mismatch. Nevertheless, using a thermal-diffusivity value representative of the actual moisture condition remains important for improving the reliability of PIRT-based delamination depth estimation in tropical coastal environments.
Planning and design evaluation of pedestrian overpass (JPO) facilities in Pidie Regency arterial roads Cut Nawalul Azka; Rifki Hidayat; Nazri Azlani; Deni Iqbal
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v31i2.102576

Abstract

Transportation infrastructure on primary arterial roads supports mobility but often creates spatial conflicts with pedestrians at public activity hubs. This study examines the feasibility of planning non-level crossings along a main educational corridor on the Banda Aceh–Medan national highway in Pidie Regency. Current conditions indicate that inadequate crossing facilities in areas with high student activity have increased accident risk and reduced traffic flow efficiency. The research methodology involved surveying vehicle volume and pedestrian density over a full week, with technical analysis based on the PV2 parameter in accordance with the latest guidelines from the Directorate General of Highways. The study found a peak traffic volume of 3,127 vehicles per hour and a pedestrian intensity of 50 people per hour. The PV2 calculation yielded 488,906,450, which significantly exceeded the technical threshold of 2×10⁸. Based on these results, constructing a pedestrian overpass or JPO was deemed highly feasible as a planning solution to separate conflicting traffic flows, ensure student safety, and improve arterial road efficiency in Pidie Regency. This recommendation is expected to minimize traffic conflicts and support public safety and accessibility in Pidie

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