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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14123991     EISSN : 25287036     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Science,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 291 Documents
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Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of alkaloids from endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas hibiscicola Wk isolated from waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) leaves Sarjono, Purbowatiningrum Ria; Laksmitasari, Nuraini Dwi; Asy'ari, Mukhammad; Ngadiwiyana, Ngadiwiyana; Ismiyarto, Ismiyarto; Fachriyah, Enny
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.77501

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity from alkaloid extract. Alkaloid compounds were isolated from the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas hibiscicola Wk, which was obtained from Hibiscus leaves. The alkaloid compounds were characterized using thin layer chromatography. The isolated alkaloid compounds were tested for total phenol content, and antioxidant activity. The phytochemical analysis of the alkaloid compounds from the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas hibiscicola Wk showed a positive result for alkaloids, confirmed by an Rf value of 0.8125 which is similar to the Rf value of alkaloids from the periwinkle plant, namely vindoline (Rf = 0.85). Alkaloid compounds from the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas hibiscicola Wk had the highest total phenol content of 2.390 mg gallic acid/gram sample at a concentration of 10.000 mg/L. These results indicate that the alkaloid compounds obtained contain phenol groups. The IC50 value obtained from the isolated alkaloid compound was 99.70 mg/L, demonstrating strong antioxidant capacity, and has the ability to inhibit the growth of E.coli and S.aureus bacterial.
Artificial Artificial habitat design (Dogania subplana) the area Turtle Learning Center (TLC) Universitas Bengkulu Adriataspen, Milzen; Karyadi, Bhakti; Parlindungan, Deni; Ruyani , Aceng; Nursa’adah, Euis
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i2.86213

Abstract

Malayan soft- shelled Turtle (Dogania subplana) is a species of freshwater softshell turtle that inhabits streams and swamps. This species is considered threatened with extinction and is listed in Appendix III of CITES and as Least Concern by the IUCN. This study aims to design an artificial habitat as a conservation effort and to identify the behavioral adaptations of Dogania subplana. The research method used an ecology-based design. The research subjects were five individuals of D. subplana, consisting of three females and two males. Data collection methods included field observation, literature review, and documentation. Research instruments involved environmental sensors to measure abiotic data. Data analysis was conducted both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively through systematic and accurate reviews based on field findings and supported with photographic documentation. Quantitative data were analyzed using the average percentage of observed behaviors, presented in graphs, and supported by measured environmental abiotic data. The study results outline the stages of artificial habitat design for D. subplana, which include: location design, area division based on function, addition of supporting biota, fencing, and acclimatization. Observations revealed three behaviors feeding, basking, and aggression which were influenced by environmental temperatures from 26–31°C. D. subplana behaviors were observed only in aquatic areas with sandy and rocky substrates, indicating that such behaviors are strongly influenced by both terrestrial and aquatic environmental conditions. The study concludes that the artificial habitat at the Turtle Learning Center (TLC) of the University of Bengkulu, designed with three zones land, mud, and water effectively supports the natural adaptations and activities of D. subplana, as indicated by their feeding, basking, and aggressive behaviors.
The effect of salung leaf extract (Psychotria viridiflora) on blood glucose levels in mice Dara, Niki Dwi Dia; Ruyani, Aceng; Wardana, Rendy Wikrama; Mayub, Afrizal; Karyadi, Bhakti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i2.87757

Abstract

This research is crucial in the context of the rising global prevalence of diabetes, a metabolic disorder that significantly affects public health. This study aims to determine the effect of salung leaf extract (Psychotria viridiflora) on blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic mice (Mus musculus). The study used 25 mice (Mus musculus) weighing 20-40 grams, divided into 5 treatment groups (P). Each group consisted of 5 mice, including a negative control, positive control, and three experimental groups with the administration of P. viridiflora extract at various doses (0.0112; 0.0225; and 0.0337 g/kgBW). Blood glucose measurements were conducted four times, on days 0, 6, 12, and 18, which included an initial glucose measurement, post-alloxan induction, and subsequent measurements after treatment. Among the three tested doses, the highest dose (0.0337 g/kg BW) proved to be the most effective in reducing blood sugar levels in alloxan-induced M. musculus, with effectiveness comparable to the standard drug Glibenclamide. Thus, the extract of P. viridiflora leaves shows strong potential as an alternative herbal antidiabetic therapy for M. musculus.
Synthesis of precipitated calcium carbonate using chicken bones as a raw material for paper Erlinda, Riska Melati; Rahma Putri Salsabila; Suprihatin
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i2.89242

Abstract

This research discusses the synthesis of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) standard for raw paper materials from chicken bones. In the paper industry, PCC is used as a coating and filler to enhance paper's smoothness, brightness, and opacity. The primary material used in this research is chicken bones from the frozen food industry waste, solving environmental problems. Chicken bones were dried in an oven at 100°C, then crushed and sieved to 100 mesh. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis shows that chicken bones contain calcium at 98.83%. The high content can make chicken bones a raw material for PCC. This research uses variables of Na₂CO₃ solution and precipitation time with a temperature of 30°C.  The target of this research to produce high quality Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) with a calcite crystal structure suitable for industrial applications particularly as raw material for the paper industry. Based on the analysis results, the best conditions were obtained at a Na₂CO₃ concentration of 2.5 M and a precipitation time of 40 minutes. The XRF and XRD test analyses showed that PCC was a polymorph calcite with a particle size of 2.14752 µm. This research proves that chicken bones can be an alternative raw material for PCC by ISO 3262-2:1998 parameters for industry standards
Sedimentary layers identification of Bribin underground river in Gunungkidul utilizing the theory of HVSR microtremor Melyyanti, Meli; Nur Azis, Khafidh; Nurhanafi, Kholis
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i2.89754

Abstract

This study aims to determine and analyze geological conditions based on the dominant frequency (fo) and amplification factor (Ao) values, determine sediment layers based on vs values, and interpret sediment thickness based on ground profiles of shear wave velocity using the ellipcity curve method in the Bribin Underground River area, Gunungkidul. This research method uses microtremors taken directly in the field with a seismic instrument that produces microtremor signal data. The results of the study produced dominant frequency (fo) values ​​ranging from 2.07 to 14.9 Hz where low frequency values ​​(<2.5 Hz) are evidenced by the presence of limestone, while amplification (Ao) values ​​range from 1.42 to 3.81 which are mostly located in the medium and high zones, with a thin surface layer of about 5 to 10 meters with sediment thickness values ​​on the north to middle side being quite thick, while the south side shows thin sediment thickness because it is located around the Underground River flow and is dominated by karst mountain areas. Thus the information obtained can be used to develop the potential of natural resources and related geological risks.
Identification of the causes of convective clouds in extreme rainfall events with hail based on dual-polar radar imagery Rafi, Rayhan; Kuncoro, Dwi; Arzhida, Bima; Jannah Indriyani, Noor; Warjono, Warjono
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i2.89950

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the atmospheric dynamics behind the formation of convective clouds that produce hail through a multi-instrumental approach. The methods used include streamline map analysis, synoptic data from the Yogyakarta Climatology Station, Himawari-9 HCAI satellite imagery, and dual-polar radar data from the Ahmad Yani Meteorological Station. The results reveal local wind convergence and significant air pressure drop, triggering rapid and intensive formation of Cumulonimbus clouds. Radar products, such as CMAX and HAILSZ, indicate high reflectivity and the presence of large hail particles within the clouds. Hail size is estimated to range from 10–20 mm with a probability of more than 80%. Rain validation shows the highest accumulation of 74 mm/day in Minggir District, Sleman. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating satellite, radar, and surface observation data for detecting extreme weather in tropical regions.
Threshold space in the context of communal ritual: the kilungan fence and spatial transformation in the Buka Luwur Sunan Kudus tradition Anisa Anisa; Edi Purwanto; Agung Budi Sardjono; Resza Riskiyanto
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.89497

Abstract

Space in the cultural approach and perspective is not only a physical space but also as a meaningful phenomenon. This meaning can be formed through shared experiences and religious-ritual activities. One of the communal rituals that demonstrates the dynamics of unique spaces in the Old City of Kudus is the tradition of Buka Luwur Sunan Kudus. This tradition of Buka Luwur Sunan Kudus is a cultural-religious ritual held once a year in the month of Muharram in the Old City of Kudus. The center of the Buka Luwur activity is in the area of ​​the Mosque, Tajug, and the Tomb of Sunan Kudus. One of the architectural elements that plays a role in the Buka Luwur tradition is the kilungan fence around the center of the activity. This study aims to examine the function of the threshold space in the cultural-religious practices of the Kudus community, analyze the transformation of space during the Buka Luwur tradition, and explain how the concept of space and boundaries become an integral part of communal and spiritual experiences. In accordance with the research objectives, this study uses a post-positivistic paradigm. Data collection was carried out through field observations and interviews during the procession. The results of this study demonstrate that during the Buka Luwur tradition, the kilungan fence not only serves as a boundary but also as a threshold element. The narrow, straight corridor bordered by the tall, massive kilungan fence becomes a threshold space that conveys, mediates, and accompanies spatial experiences. This spatial experience is between everyday space and the temporal sacred space. The kilungan fence, with its long, straight form, binds the Buka Luwur activity and directs movement. The kilungan fence not only plays a physical role but also has a meaningful meaning, symbolizing the path to the sacred center. The results of this study enrich the concept of threshold space, especially when rituals occur within it.
The effect of zeolite activation and time variation of batch method on the adsorption effectiveness of iron metal ions Suyanta Suyanta; Sunarto Sunarto; Susila Kristianungrum; Lalang Egalitera Pambayun
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.91097

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of three types of zeolite, namely fresh zeolite, saturated zeolite, and zeolite activated using 0.5 M sulfuric acid in adsorbing iron metal ions (Fe³⁺) from simulated wastewater solutions. This study also aims to understand the effect of variations in contact time (1 to 5 days) on the adsorption efficiency of Fe³⁺ ions, as well as to prove whether the activation process is able to regenerate the adsorption capacity of saturated zeolites. The method used is a laboratory-scale batch method, where each type of zeolite is immersed in a 10 ppm FeCl₃ solution for 1 to 5 days. Each treatment was carried out on 15 samples, and the Fe³⁺ ion content after the adsorption process was measured using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Zeolite activation was carried out by immersing saturated zeolite in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ for 24 hours, followed by washing to neutral pH and drying at 200°C.  The results showed that the average efficiency of activated zeolite reached 99.15%, which is only 0.4% smaller than the average adsorption efficiency of fresh zeolite which is 99.55%. Saturated zeolite without activation showed a significant decrease in performance with an average efficiency of only 61.852%. Based on the results of the ANOVA test showing a p-value of 0.001 which is smaller than the p-value of 0.005 in the table, there is a difference in adsorption between activated zeolite and fresh zeolite with saturated zeolite. This indicates that acid activation of zeolite can effectively regenerate the adsorption capacity and extend the service life of zeolite in chemical waste treatment.  
The antibacterial potential of curly red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit stem waste against foodborne disease bacteria Dwi Susanti; Salsabilla Ardi Wardhani; Agustina Retnaningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.93584

Abstract

Foodborne diseases remain a global health problem, commonly caused by bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. The utilization of natural materials, such as curly red chili pepper fruit stem waste with antimicrobial activity, may serve as an alternative natural treatment for infections caused by these pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of curly red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit stem waste extract as a natural antibacterial agent. The waste material was extracted using a maceration method with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The extract was qualitatively analyzed through phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method at extract concentrations of 100%, 90%, 80%, and 70%. The results showed that all concentrations produced inhibition zones categorized as “resistant” according to CLSI standards, with ciprofloxacin as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. The 100% extract concentration exhibited the largest inhibition zone, with the mean inhibition zones against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) being greater than those against Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria). These findings indicate that curly red chili pepper fruit stem extract possesses weak antibacterial activity and requires further investigation.
Effectiveness of soaking in bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) extract in the treatment of formalin-contaminated salted lencam fish (Lethrinidae) Harianti Harianti; Meri Astuti; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Besse Firma Jamal
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v30i1.94485

Abstract

The widespread use of formalin as an illegal preservative in fish products poses serious risks to public health, highlighting the urgency of developing safe and natural mitigation methods. This study investigates the effectiveness of soaking salted lencam fish (Lethrinidae) in bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) extract to reduce formalin levels. The research was conducted from August to September 2022 in three traditional markets—Palattae, Laccibung, and Patimpeng—in Bone Regency, Indonesia, with laboratory analysis performed at the Fishery Product Quality Implementation Center. An experimental approach was used, involving samples obtained from six fish traders, of which two samples (A1 and B2) were identified as positive for formalin contamination. These samples were treated by soaking in 70% bilimbi extract for 30 minutes, and data were analyzed using a paired t-test with SPSS 16.0. The results showed a notable reduction in formalin levels, where sample A1 decreased from 9 mg/kg to 5.6 mg/kg and sample B2 from 9 mg/kg to 5.2 mg/kg, with an average reduction of approximately 62% (60% and 64%, respectively). These findings indicate that bilimbi extract is effective as a natural agent for reducing formalin contamination in salted fish products. In conclusion, soaking salted lencam fish in bilimbi extract provides a practical and safer alternative for improving food safety and protecting consumer health. 

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