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Journal of International Relations Studies
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
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Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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Articles 609 Documents
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Strategi Amerika Serikat dalam Menghadang Pengembangan Senjata Nuklir Korea Utara dengan Memanfaatkan Posisi Strategis Guam Sebagai Wilayah Unincorporated Territory Rahardian, Baharian Aristya; Utomo, Tri Cahyo
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

As a sovereign nation, The United States of America is certainly very concerned about national security and aware of the threats that come. One of the main threats of the United States is the North Korean nuclear weapons development program or so-called ICBM which began to be intensively developed since 2016. The presence of this threat certainly creates a sense of worry that makes America strengthen its defense and security, one of only by maximizing the existence of Guam as the Unincorporated Territory. This thesis is structured to find out the United States' ef orts in utilizing the strategic position of Guam as an unincorporated territory to North Korea's aggressiveness and compiled using Descriptive Analytical methods using the theory of Defensive Realism and Security Dilemmas as a rationale. This thesis argues that the ef orts of the United States in overcoming the aggressiveness of the development of North Korea's nuclear weapons through the utilization of the strategic position of Guam as an Unincorporated Territory are somewhat successful. Because if viewed from the scale of pure military power, Guam is far more superior to North Korea and the threat of a nuclear weapons attack that North Korea aimed at the United States will are viewed only as a bluf s
China’s Road To Zero Hunger: Implementasi Sustainable Development Goals Dalam Memenuhi Food Security di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok Pardede, Benjamin Juliano; Pattipeilohy, Shary Charlotte Henriette
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

After the end of the Millennium Development Goals, existing countries began to make a new formulation to continue sustainable development. The results of the new formulation that will continue the MDGs called Sustainable Development Goals which are now became the standard for countries in conducting sustainable development. A country's compliance with SDGs itself can be seen from how a country implements the SDGs in order to achieve the goals that have been formulated. DNV GL, an innovation and technology based company makes a prediction of the possibility of achieving the goals in the SDGs and turns out that China has a green indicator in the second goal, Zero Hunger. This study intends to explain the efforts made by China in achievingthe second goal of the SDGs and fulfilling the food security of the country. This research will use the concept of policy implementation that will analyze the factors that contribute to the realization of a policy such as policy standards and policy objectives, resources, economic, social, and political environment that supports China in carrying out the policies that have been designed. In addition, this research will also use the concept of food security namely availability, accessibility, utilization and stability to see whether China has fulfill the food security in the country. This study found that agricultural modernization and the green industry conducted by China have standards and policy objectives, resources, economic, social, political environment that supports the achievement of SDGs. However, China has not fulfilled food security in its country because haven’t fulfill all of the indicators from food security.
Diplomasi Soft Power Indonesia dalam Melanesian Spearhead Group terhadap United Liberation Movement for West Papua Roziqi, Muhammad Afif Maulana; Rosyidin, Mohamad
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu are countries in the SouthPacific that share ethnic, racial and cultural similarities. With historical burden that had beencolonized by the western nations, they formed the MSG to take their own sovereignty. Papuawhich is part of Indonesia have Melanesian ethnicity are considered to have no sovereignty oftheir own. So ULMWP wants to get independence from Indonesia and got supported by severalMSG member countries. Therefore, Indonesia has an interest to cease ULMWP byapproaching MSG members using Soft Power. Soft Power is a way to get the desired resultsthrough cultural, domestic values and foreign policy. This research argues that Indonesia usecultural and foreign policy that have succeeded in reducingsome member of MSG support toULMWP
Ketidaksetaraan Gender sebagai Bentuk Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan di Jepang Sari, Annisa Yuliana; Pattipeilohy, Shary Charlotte Henriette
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Japan is a developed nation with exellence economic growth and national stability. Unfortunately, in political, economic, education and family formation, Japan has a problem in a form of gender inequality. This research uses Feminism and its concept, Patriarchy and Hegemonic Masculinity, and Structural,Cultural and Direct Violence theory as a theoretical framework. Specifically, this research analyzes the forms of gender inequality against women using the said framework. The results of this study make clear that Japan’s gender inequality is a form of structural and direct violence, influenced by partriarchal culture of society that eventually shapes a social structure dominated by men, as seen in the imbalance of representation of women in politics, economic gap between men and women, access to education, along with social expecation to form a family towards women.
The Hallyu Ef ect: Persebaran Budaya Pop Hallyu sebagai Ancaman terhadap Juche Sitompul, Francis Lydia Irene; Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Hallyu is a phenomenon from South Korea in the form of pop-culture that spreads to various parts of the world through globalization. Cultural globalization has facilitated access to information which is going to af ect how an individual acts. The global popularity of hallyu has succeeded in building a positive image of South Korea, and also contributes to the economic growth of the country. Hallyu contains many values of freedom and democracy which are adopted by South Korea. Hallyu is very well-received by the international community, including North Korea. Juche is an ideology from North Korea that has the goal of achieving socialist revolution through three main points, namely chaju (independence), charip (self-sustenance), chawi (self-defense). The spread of hallyu whose values are contrary to juche has influenced the way of life, the trends that occur in North Korean society, and also changed the people’s perspectives on the government. It eventually af ected the people’s decision to leave their country and in South Korea. This research will use the concept of cultural globalization to analyze how hallyu entered North Korea and found that hallyu does threaten juche by the shifting behavior in North Korean society and how the government responded to the spread of hallyu in North Korea.
Tantangan Universalitas Hak Asasi Manusia oleh Norma Domestik: Kebijakan Sudan Tidak Meratifikasi Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimation Against Women Al Sarah, Enno Nuri; Rosyidin, Mohamad
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in 1979 should be an international standard for regulating the universality of women's human rights throughout the world. However, in reality, CEDAW cannot be applied universally. This is because of the obstacles caused by the policies of several countries which decided not to ratify CEDAW. Sudan is one of the countries that chose to not ratify CEDAW as a basis for regulating the rights of men and women in their country. Previous research on Sudan's policy of not ratifying CEDAW tends to base its analysis through a feminist approach that focuses more on depictions of women's oppression. So that previous research, has not been able to find any concrete reasons regarding Sudan's decision of not ratifying CEDAW. This study uses constructivist theory that looks at state behavior based on non-material factors namely identity, norms, values and culture. The author believes that Sudan's policy of not ratifying CEDAW is caused by a mismatch between Sudan's domestic norms and universal norms under CEDAW.
Terperangkap Kultur Patriarki: Kegagalan Penerapan Prinsip Cedaw Terhadap Kasus Honour Killing Di Pakistan Handoyo, Khalda Khairunnisa; Rosyidin, Mohamad
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Pakistan is one of the 189 countries that had been ratified Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Descrimination Against Woman (CEDAW), a convention that protects women rights. However the practice of honour killing still occured on women in Pakistan. This paper will provide an explanation on why there is still an honour killing practice even though Pakistan had been ratified CEDAW. This paper will use constructivism theory to analyze this problem, more specifically using cultural concept. It is based on the author argument that seeing the main reason the occurance of honour killing is not because mere legal factors. The autor emphasize that the patriarchial culture is the main reason why honour killing continue to occur until now.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Tiongkok terhadap Konflik Uyghur dan Han: Studi Kasus Konflik Xinjiang di Tiongkok Meancilla, Francisca; Pattipeilohy, Shary Charlotte Henriette
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The Xinjiang conflict is one of the internal conflicts that occurred in China. As a developed country, China is very vulnerable to conflict. This Xinjiang conflict is a conflict between ethnic Uyghurs and Han who later grew into a separatist movement. The ethnic Uyghurs escalated hostilities with the Chinese government and there were several separatist movements in Xinjiang that sparked the Chinese government's response. Meanwhile, the Chinese government will not release Xinjiang and will keep the territorial integrity. This study discusses to explain the main causes of the Xinjiang conflict and this conflict is still happening today. This study uses qualitative research methods, with the type of explanatory research because it is needed to explain why conflicts between Uyghurs and Han can occur. Using content analysis techniques that focus on Chinese government policies towards the Uyghur. By using the concept of Michael E. Brown about the causes of internal conflict. These causes are the underlying causes (Main Causes) and Proximate Causes (Additional Causes). Through this concept it was found that this conflict was not caused by just one factor which was released by four main factors relating to politics, economics, and culture. One of the reasons for this conflict is the Chinese state's interest in Xinjiang which is a potential region.
Bumerang Kebijakan: Peran Identitas Nasional dan Norma dalam Kebijakan Ekspor Senjata Jerman ke Arab Saudi dalam Kasus Perang Yaman 2015-2019 Ayu, Albadii Fadhil Mila; Rosyidin, Mohamad
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

On March 2018, Germany halted arms export temporarily to Saudi Arabia concerning Saudi Arabia’s involvement in Yemeni Civil War. Then on October to November 2018, as a response to the assasination of a journalist named Jamal Khashoggi, Germany stopped all arms export to Arab Saudi. Since Saudi Arabia is one of the biggest arms buyer in the world including for Germany, those actions subsequently caused a decrease in exports value in 2018 compared to 2017. Beside that, Germany also received lots of pressure from European Union countries includin United Kingdom and France. However, Germany decided to stand with their stance, even extended the sanction on March 2019. In analyzing the case, constructivism theory, more specifically, the concept of identity and norms will be used. German identities as a democratic and pacifist country, also human rights as an international norms will be used in this research. This research is an explanative type research, also a qualitative research using congruence analysis method with literature research as data collecting method. The results of this study indicate that only Germany’s identity as a pacifist country and human right norms are influential in the German policy making process.
Dinamika AS dengan RRC Dalam Persaingan untuk Kepemimpinan Global di Bidang Artificial Intelligence tahun 2016-2019 Ismail, Dimas Fajar Taufiq; Utomo, Tri Cahyo
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 3, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The exponential development of the US in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has given birth to various technological innovations that transforming the modern societies throughout the world and bringing the US to the top position in the current international system. However, the rapid progress of the PRC in the field of AI and its ambition to become the new global leader in this field, made the US worry that the PRC will replace the US’s position as a superpower in the international system. This study aims to analyze US and PRC policies in the competition for global leadership in the field of AI and to find out the motives that drive the US and PRC to become global leaders in this field. This study will use descriptive-qualitative design/type in order to describe and explain the actions and behaviour of US and PRC related to the competition for global leadership in the field of AI. The writer use the method of literature review for the data collection in this study. This research uses the concepts of ‘power’ and 'global leadership', then relates them to the development of science and technology. The results of this study are that the motive of accumulation of power primarily drives US and PRC policies in the competition for global leadership in the field of AI, and this competition also cause high tensions in their bilateral relations.

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