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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Sumba Ongole (Bos indicus) Growth Hormone Gene PASKAH PARTOGI AGUNG; WIDYA PINTAKA BAYU PUTRA; SAIFUL ANWAR; ARI SULISTYO WULANDARI; SYAHRUDDIN SAID; MOCH SYAMSUL ARIFIN ZEIN; ADITYA SUDIRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190240

Abstract

Agung PP, Putra WPB, Anwar S, Wulandari AS, Zein MSA, Said S, Sudiro A. 2018. Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Sumba Ongole  (Bos indicus) Growth Hormone Gene. Biodiversitas 19: 676-681. The Sumba Ongole cattle  (Bos indicus) is one of the local Indonesian cattle breeds and has excellent potential to gain higher carcass yield compared to other local cattle breeds in Indonesia. The Growth Hormone  (GH) gene was a potential target for molecular study due to its importance as growth regulating hormone. This study was aimed to determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphism  (SNP) profile of the GH gene in the Sumba Ongole  (SO) cattle using PCR and DNA sequencing methods from 34 individual DNA samples. The results from this study showed that there are 28 SNPs identified within the GH gene; Twenty one SNPs were found to occur in the intron region, 4 SNPs in the exon region, and 3 SNPs in the 3’ end region. There were 17 SNPs in the SO cattle GH gene were caused by novel mutation. The novel SNP g.1395insC was found only in the SO cattle. Moreover, the frequency of the SNP g.1395insC was the highest among other novel SNPs in the SO cattle GH gene. The moderate PIC value  (0.25<PIC<0.50) were found in two novel SNPs i.e. SNP g.1415C>G  (intron 4), and SNP g.1526A>G  (intron 4). The GH gene in the SO cattle was polymorphic and the 17 novel SNPs need to be further validated.
Seedless fruit pummelo induced by Gamma Ray irradiation: Fruit morphological characters and stability evaluation BAIQ DINA MARIANA; HIDAYATUL ARISAH; YENNI YENNI; MARRY SELVAWAJAYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190244

Abstract

Mariana BD, Arisah H, Yenni, Selvawajayanti M. 2018. Seedless fruit pummelo induced by Gamma Ray irradiation: Fruit morphological characters and stability evaluation. Biodiversitas 19: 706-711. Pummelo is one of native citrus crops found in South East Asia including Indonesia. It is well known due to its big size and distinct taste compared to other citrus fruits. However, it contains many seeds, which may reduce the market demand and customer preferences. Therefore, the objective of this study was to generate seedless citrus by mutation techniques using gamma-ray radiation. The mutant induction of Pamelo Nambangan using gamma-ray radiation was conducted in 2003 using bud wood as plant materials. The bud wood was then irradiated with the dosage of 20, 40, and 60 Gy. The buds then grafted to Japansche Citroen rootstocks and maintained properly until the fruits could be observed. After three years of selection based on performance and fruit evaluation on MV2 generation, a mutant plant derived from 20 Gy irradiation treatments were obtained with improved character on the number of seeds. Pamelo Nambangan has more than 40 seeds/fruit and the mutant has less than 10 seeds/fruit on average. In the seedless mutant, it was observed that the mutant has embryo sac abortion leading to seedless fruit and low pollen viability (7.7%). The mutant has been released in 2016 as a new seedless pummelo variety under the name of ‘Pamindo Agrihorti’.
Molecular characterization of rhizobacteria isolated from walnut (Juglans regia) rhizosphere in Western Himalayas and assessment of their plant growth promoting activities GH. HASSAN DAR; SHAKEELA SOFI; S.A. PADDER; AISHA KABLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190245

Abstract

Dar GH, Sofi S, Padder SA, Aisha Kabli A. 2018. Molecular characterization of rhizobacteria isolated from walnut (Juglans regia) rhizosphere in Western Himalayas and assessment of their plant growth promoting activities. Biodiversitas 19: 712-719. The present study was aimed to isolate and characterize effective bacteria from the rhizosphere of walnut (Juglans regia) grown in North Western Himalayas and assess their growth promoting potential so that they may, in future, be exploited as biofertilizers. Based on preliminary screening of 98 bacterial isolates obtained from four walnut growing districts of Kashmir valley during survey in 2015, 12 isolates were characterized morpho-biochemically and molecularly basis. On the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing they were identified as Bacillus licheniformis WI 90, B. tequilensis WI 62, B. cereus WI 36, B. subtilis strains WI 63 and WI 65, Micrococcus luteus strains WI 12, WI 41 and WI 80; M. yunnanensis strains WI 60 and WI 30 and Micrococcus sp. strains WI 11 and WI 91. The assessment of these rhizobacteria for plant growth promoting attributes revealed that B. licheniformis WI 90 possessed higher phosphorus solubilization activity (312 mg/L), followed by Micrococcus sp. WI 91 (267 mg/L) while high siderophore was produced by M. luteus WI 12 (27.2% siderophore units), followed by B. licheniformis WI 90. B. cereus strains WI 36. High IAA contents (30 µg/mL) was yielded by WI 41, followed by M. yunnanensis WI 60 (28 µg IAA/mL) while higher and statistically at par gibberellic acid was produced by B. licheniformis WI 90, Micrococcus sp. WI 91 and M. luteus WI 80. Higher chitinase enzyme activity was observed in B. subtilis WI 63 (30.5 units/mL), followed by B. tequilensis WI 62 (25.3 units/mL) and B. subtilis WI 65 (25.1 units/mL). The study revealed high plant growth promoting potential in these rhizobacteria.
Karyomorphological variations in some populations of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum section Acanthoprason in Iran HASSAN MASTALI; MAHBOOBEH ZARE-MEHRJERDI; MARYAM NOROUZI; JALAL REZAEI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190246

Abstract

Mastali H, Zare-Mehrjerdi M, Norouzi M, Rezaei J. 2018. Karyomorphological variations in some populations of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum section Acanthoprason in Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 720-725. Allium is the largest genus of Amaryllidaceae comprising more than 900 species belonging to 15 subgenera. Iran is reported to be a center of diversity for subgenus Melanocrommyum. Acanthoprason is a section in this subgenus. In this paper, karyomorphological variations of nine populations of four species including Allium derderianum, A. kurdistanicum, A. minutiflorum and A. subakaka of the section Acanthoprason growing in Iran were undertaken using squash technique and 2% (w/v) aceto-orcein stain. All of the populations have the same chromosome numbers 2n = 2x = 16 with the exception in Kochka population of A. derderianum 2n = 18. In the present study, the chromosome number of A. minutiflorum and new chromosome number of A. derderianum were revealed for the first time. Chromosomal characteristics were determined using photographs complemented by cluster analysis. According to dendrogram generated by the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis, nine populations studied were separated into five groups at a cut off value of 5. Karyotype analysis indicated that Allium species studied here generally have metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and symmetric karyotypes. Results of the present study revealed the natural variation in nine populations of four species of Acantoprason section which can further serve conservation and breeding planning.
Monitoring orangutan reintroduction: Results of activity budgets, diets, vertical use and associations during the first year post-release in Kehje Sewen Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia FITRIAH BASALAMAH; SRI SUCI UTAMI ATMOKO; DYAH PERWITASARI-FARAJALLAH; IBNUL QAYIM; JAMARTIN SIHITE; MARIA VAN NOORDWIJK; ERIK WILLEMS; CAREL P. VAN SCHAIK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190242

Abstract

Basalamah F, Utami-Atmoko SSU, Perwitasari-Farajallah D, Qayim I, Sihite J, Van Noordwijk M, Willems E, Van Schaik CP. 2018. Monitoring orangutan reintroduction: Results of activity budgets, diets, vertical use and associations during the first year post-release in Kehje Sewen Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 689-700. Pongo pygmaeus morio, a subspecies of orangutan founded east Kalimantan is steadily declining and classified as endangered. A reintroduction program was recently established. We monitored the reintroduced individuals during their first year post-release at Kehje Sewen Forest in East Kalimantan to document the adjustment to their new habitat. Here, we present a report on the activity patterns, food choice, travel height, nest-building abilities and associations of six individuals ranging between eight and thirteen years old. Our results show that all individuals survived their first year. They spent most of their time feeding and had a largely frugivorous diet, similar to wild orangutans. However, although they were able to build nests, they reused or rebuilt old nests more often than expected. They also spent 16% of their total activity time on the ground, more than expected. This information will contribute to attempts to evaluate factors affecting the adjustment process, and thus optimizing future reintroduction procedures.
Identification and distribution of sea cucumber exploited in Lampung, Indonesia ANA SETYASTUTI; ISMILIANA WIRAWATI; MARINDAH YULIA ISWARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190247

Abstract

Setyastuti A, Wirawati I, Iswari MY. 2018. Identification and distribution of sea cucumber exploited in Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 726-732. Recently approx. 54 species of sea cucumbers were successfully listed that still being exploited from Indonesian waters. However, out of those only 33 species were taxonomically confirmed because the identification of remaining 21 species need to be verified. Inventory on commercial sea cucumber in Bakaheuni water, Lampung was conducted to bridge the gap in fisheries data by addressing the understanding of the diversity of species exploited for trade. Eight commercially important species of sea cucumber were discovered viz. Actinopyga echinites, A. mauritiana, Holothuria (Halodeima) atra, Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens, Holothuria (Acanthotrapeza) coluber, Pearsonothuria graeffei, Stichopus ocellatus and Stichopus vastus during the present study. Two most interesting species namely Actinopyga mauritiana was one of the species that fortuitously confirmed its utilization status as commercial species through this study, and Stichopus ocellatus is newly reported species in Indonesia, not only from fisheries point of view but also taxonomical studies. Hence, the findings of the present study will prove best for the updating of the list of sea cucumber species fished in Indonesia for trade purpose. Till date, we can paraphrase that the number of sea cucumber being involved in a trade is 55 species. It was also concluded that almost 90% of over 650 individuals of sea cucumber found in Bakaheuni waters was observed in the intertidal area, out of which Holothuria atra is the most abundant one. Data presented also revealed that local fishermen are not interested to exploit the low-value species of sea cucumber.
Biological aspects of Longfin Mojarra (Pentaprion longimanus, Cantor 1849) in north coast of Central Java, Indonesia DIAN OKTAVIANI; RIA FAIZAH; DUTO NUGROHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190248

Abstract

Oktaviani D, Faizah R, Nugroho D. 2018. Biological aspects of Longfin Mojarra (Pentaprion longimanus, Cantor 1849) in north coast of Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 683-689. Longfin Mojarra (Pentaprion longimanus) locally named as rengganis, is a demersal fish species that is commonly caught in Scottish seine fisheries off the north coast of Java. The fisheries are in heavily harvest level since decades. The aim of this study was to observe the biological aspects of this species. Observations were made between August 2014-July 2015 from Tegal fishing port, western part of north coast central Java. General life-history parameters were measured, i.e., monthly length frequency for 1876 fishes, among them 573 specimens were observed for length-weight relationship, including 541 specimens for sex ratio and maturity stages. Fulton index, Gonadosomatic index, sex ratio and estimated length at first mature were analyzed. The result showed fish size ranged between 7.4 to 15.3 cmFL with the average length of 11.2+1.75 cmFL. We found that length-weight relationship tends to be isometric which statistically the body growth coefficient (b) is equal to 3 (tc = 0.53 < tab; p<0.05) . Monthly Fulton indexes ranged between 1.05-2.87 with an average of 1.90 + 0.17. Sex ratio during observation was not significantly different (p<0.05) from the expected ratio of 1: 1. Mature females occurred year-round with the highest percentage observed from January to April 2015. The estimated length at first maturity was 13.04 cm FL. These biological parameters will be used to support the population study of the future demersal fish species to improve conservation and management measures.
Impact of land and forest fire on soil fauna diversity in several land cover in Jambi Province, Indonesia BASUKI WASIS; BAYU WINATA; DANIEL RICARDO MARPAUNG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190249

Abstract

Wasis B, Winata B, Marpaung DR. 2018. Impact of land and forest fire on soil fauna diversity in several land cover in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 740-746. Forest fire is one of the primary disturbances that damage forest and disturb forest sustainability. Land and forest fire may lead to die-offs, declines and in general influence the development of abundant of soil fauna on the ground. This research aims to identify and assess the diversity, wealth, evenness, and the pattern and spread of land fauna in various ecosystems, both burnt and unburnt by the fire. Research was conducted in some districts in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Sampling methods for soil diversity were done by hand-sorting methods in three burnt and unburnt ecosystems. Those ecosystems were primary forest, industrial plantation forest, and oil palm plantation. Generally, we found 519 individual species included in 46 genera, 33 families, 20 orders of 8 classes, and 3 phyla in whole ecosystem observed. The highest soil fauna diversity was primary forest with value of DMg = 4.243, H'=2.664, E=0.862. Meanwhile, the lowest soil fauna diversity was found in burnt palm plantation with value of DMg=2.102, H'=1.520, and E=0.692. Environmental factors like abiotic and biotic affected to the diversity level of soil fauna.
Genetic divergence and speciation within Ziziphora capitata (Lamiaceae): Molecular and micromorphological evidences RAHELEH TABARIPOUR; MASOUD SHEIDAI; SEYED MEHDI TALEBI; ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190250

Abstract

Tabaripour R, Sheidai M, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z. 2018. Genetic divergence and speciation within Ziziphora capitata (Lamiaceae): Molecular and micromorphological evidences. Biodiversitas 19: 747-755. Ziziphora capitata is a member of the Mint family (Lamiaceae) that naturally grows in various regions. Different subspecies have been reported for this species, from which two are recorded from Iran: Z. capitata subsp. capitata, and Z. capitata subsp. orientalis. In the present study, morphological, palynological and molecular (ISSR and cp-DNA) data were used to reveal speciation within this species and reconsider taxonomic rank of its presumed subspecies. The obtained results revealed a great difference between two presumed subsp. of Z. capitata. These taxa differed in morphological, palynological and molecular characteristics. Statistical and bioinformatics tests revealed significant genomic difference between them and phylogenetic analyses showed that they have a close affinity to some other Ziziphora species (out-groups used), then to each other. Bayesian and maximum parsimony phylogenetic trees differentiated the presumed sub-species of Z. capitata. Moreover, K-Means clustering and Bayesian analysis of genetic groups by Evanno test (optimal k) supported the presence of two distinct genetic groups within Z. capitata. This approach objectively defines a threshold separating intraspecific population substructure from interspecific divergence, which is the general aim of species delimitation studies. Therefore, the present study provides enough evidence for introducing two separate species within Z. capitata based on the traditional taxonomy as well as combination of molecular and micro-morphological data.
Identification and hemolytic activity of jellyfish (Rhopilema sp., Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) venom from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea HOSSEIN JAFARI; HOSSEIN HONARI; JAMIL ZARGAN; SAEID TAMADONI JAHROMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200440

Abstract

Abstract. Jafari H, Honari H, Zargan J, Jahromi ST. 2019. Identification and hemolytic activity of jellyfish (Rhopilema sp., Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) venom from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Biodiversitas 20: 1228-1232. The present study investigated the hemolytic capacity of the crude venom extracted from isolated nematocysts of Rhopilema sp. Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae. Nematocyst was used at various concentrations to evaluate the hemolytic activity by using the nematocysts of human, mice, and sheep. Mean concentration-dependent hemolysis could be observed from 200 µg/mL of protein equivalents or higher with variable potencies in different species. The crude venom was analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE. Molecular weight with 3 clear bands including 45, 65 and 95 kDa appeared to be the major protein components of the venom. The results of our experiments indicated that venom of Rhopilema sp. induces hemolysis in the studied species and determined that the increase in the amount of toxin has a positive correlation with the increase of cell lysis. This study showed that the venom of Rhopilema sp. may have many biologically active principles, which need further studies in the future.

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