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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
Short Communication: Dye-yielding plant resources of Maharashtra, India: A checklist SONALI HINDURAO PATIL; DILIP DAMODAR KURLAPKAR; DATTATRAYA KRISHNA GAIKWAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200129

Abstract

Patil SH, Kurlapkar DD, Gaikwad DK. 2019. Dye-yielding plant resources of Maharashtra, India: A checklist. Biodiversitas 20: 250-266. Natural dyes have rich variation in sources of dyestuff and possess superior aesthetic quality, which is more pleasing to the eye due to unique natural color. Because of their nontoxic effect, they are used for coloring textile, cosmetics, drugs, and various food products. Although indigenous knowledge system has been practiced over the years in the past, the use of natural dyes has diminished over generations due to lack of documentation. Also, there is not much information available on databases of either dye-yielding plants or their products. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to document the dye yielding plant species and associated knowledge from the study area. Present study provides the first comprehensive checklist of dye yielding Angiosperms of Maharashtra and their resulting color, pigment, and distribution have also been reported. A checklist consists of 195 species distributed among 153 genera and 58 families are presented based on published literature on dye plants, various state and regional floras.
Terrestrial gastropod diversity, distribution and abundance in areas with and without anthropogenic disturbances, Northeast Algeria HADJER BELHIOUANI; MOHAMED EL-HADEF EL-OKKI; FATIMA-ZOHRA AFRI-MEHENNAOUI; LEILA SAHLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200128

Abstract

Belhiouani H, El-Hadef El-Okki M, Afri-Mehennaoui FZ, Sahli L. 2019. Terrestrial gastropod diversity, distribution and abundance in areas with and without anthropogenic disturbances. Biodiversitas 20: 243-249. The objective of this study was to establish an inventory of terrestrial gastropods from different sites in the northeast of Algeria. Several points were sampled from five various areas relatively affected by human activity. Areas prospected were an industrial area (El-Hadjar, Annaba), a mining area (Djebel Hamimat, Oum-El-Bouaghi), an urban area (B’kira, Constantine), a mountainous area (Ibn Ziad, Constantine) and a sub-mountainous area (Ibn Badis, Constantine). A total of 11 species and 2632 individual land snails belonging to six molluscan families (Helicidae, Hygromiidae, Sphincterochilidae, Achatinidae, Enidae, and Pomatiidae) and 10 genera were found in all habitats. The highest density was recorded in the mountainous area with 1270 individuals and 10 species, whereas the lowest value was recorded in the mining and the industrial areas with 3 and 4 species respectively. The malacofaunal diversity was also determined, Shannon’s index, Simpson’s index, and equitability index are higher in the mountainous zone of Ibn Ziad with 1.87, 0.82 and 0.78 respectively, and lower in the mining area of Djebel Hamimat, with 0.60, 0.33, and 0.54. The dispersion and density of species appear to be contingent upon several factors among which soil properties, height, climate conditions and certainly anthropogenic disturbance.
Distribution and habitat preferences of Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Riau, Indonesia YOHANES WISHNU SUKMANTORO; HADI S. ALIKODRA; AGUS P. KARTONO; EFRANSJAH EFRANSJAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200126

Abstract

Sukmantoro YW, Alikodra HS, Kartono AP, Efransjah. 2019. Distribution and habitat preferences of Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 226-235. The research on elephant distribution and habitat preference was carried out in two locations Balai Raja and Tesso Nilo, Riau Province, Indonesia on 2012-2016. Three GPS Collars were installed on one individual adult female at Balai Raja (Desma) and two individuals at Tesso Nilo (Angelina and Butet). For the elephants’ habitat, the forest cover identification was performed by spectral color analysis on the 8 ETM+ Landsat images and resulted in land cover detail on MCP (Minimum Convex Polygon), and 50% and 95% fix kernel density of movement of the elephant including in the morning, the day and the night. Based on MCP estimation, Desma habitat area was 328.86 km2, while Angelina and Butet were 632.57 km2 and 701.60 km2, respectively. Land cover in MCP indicated that the oil palm, mixed agriculture, and rubber were dominantly areas used by Desma, while acacia, forest and oil palm plantation were dominantly area used by Angelina and Butet. In habitat preferences, Desma preferred forests and swamp areas to day activity. However, Angelina and Butet selected acacia plantation, forest, infrastructures such as the mills and land opening as the location of movement. Water bodies and shrub were not widely used for the elephants’ activities. This study indicated that the pattern of habitat selection is a strategy for elephants to avoid conflict with the human. Although resources are limited, the habitat selection can reduce conflict incidence.
Body size characteristics and polymorphism in GH and GHRH genes of Simeulue Buffalo of Aceh, Indonesia KARTINI ERIANI; RAHMI RAHMI; IKHWAN JAMIL; ROSNIZAR ROSNIZAR; AL AZHAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200127

Abstract

Eriani K, Rahmi R, Jamil I, Rosnizar R, Azhar A. 2019. Body size characteristics and polymorphism in GH and GHRH genes of Simeulue Buffalo of Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 236-242. This study was done to determine body size characteristics, to identify the presence of polymorphism in the GH/MspI and GHRH/HaeIII genes, and to analyze the relationship between GH and GHRH gene polymorphisms to body size characteristics in Simeulue buffalo. Experimental animals used were 45 Simeulue buffalo randomly sampled from three subdistricts, i.e., Salang, Alafan and Simeulue Cut, fifteen from each subdistrict. Body size characteristics measured were withered height, body length, chest circumference, chest depth, and hip height. A 5 mL whole blood was collected from fifteen out of forty five by using EDTA as an anticoagulant. Extraction of genomic DNA and analysis of GH/MspI and GHRH/HaeIII polymorphisms was done using GeneAid DNA extraction kit and polymerase chain reaction-restriction length fragment polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, respectively. The data of body size characteristics which includes mean value, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were analyzed descriptively. The molecular data represented by DNA banding pattern was used to calculate allele and genotype frequencies, expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosities, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The relationship between genotype and body size characteristic was analyzed using t-test. The results showed that coefficient of variation in body size characteristics was low, ranging from 5.39-16.06% in the age category of 4-6 years old and ranging from 5.25-11.27% in the age category of 2- 4 years old. The results of the molecular analysis indicated that GH/MspI locus was monomorphic by the presence of one (+/+) genotype. GHRH/HaeIII locus was polymorphic as shown by the presence of 3 genotypes namely AA (0.13), AB (0.80) and BB (0.07). Expected heterozygosity (0.80) was higher than observed heterozygosity (0.49). The frequency of GHRH/HaeIII agreed with Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. GHRH/HaeIII polymorphism did not significantly influence (P>0.05) body size characteristics of Simeulue buffalo.
Initiating the establishment of commercial stand at Tasik Besar Serkap, Riau, Indonesia: An early growth assessment of two peat swamp tree species HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; ATOK SUBIAKTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200130

Abstract

Rachmat HH, Subiakto A. 2019. Initiating the establishment of commercial stand at Tasik Besar Serkap, Riau, Indonesia: An early growth assessment of two peat swamp tree species. Biodiversitas 20: 267-272. Degraded and converted peat swamp forest has enhanced the emission of CO2 and become one major contributor of huge greenhouse gas emission. Management unit at site level of KPH Tasik Besar Serkap covers a very wide area of more than 510.000 ha, dominated by 90% of peat swamp forest (PSF) which is susceptible to several disturbance sources (fires, illegal logging, land encroachment, alien species invasion, etc) and experiencing more deteriorated condition if there is no significant action carried out in managing its resources. Thus, it is important to improve the productivity of this PSF by planting it with native commercial tree species in order to maintain its role both in production and conservation aspects. The main objective of this study was to determine suitable PSF native species to rehabilitate highly degraded PSF in KPHP Tasik Besar Serkap. Two native PSF tree species were used namely Balangeran (Shorea balangeran) and Bintangur (Callophylum soulatri). Seedlings were planted at 4 x 3 meter spacing distance, each species was planted in a 1-ha plot, and thus the planting trial total area was 2 ha with 834 individual trees/species/ha. The survival rates at 6 months and 12 months after planting were 81.77% (682 seedlings/ha) and 58.6% (488 seedlings/ha) respectively for Balangeran, and 12.64% (105 seedlings/ha) and 10.34% (86 seedlings/ha) for Bintangur. The average heights at 6 and 12 months after planting for Balangeran were 111.54 cm (±16.731) and 206.03 cm (± 30.905) respectively, while for Bintangur 60.00 cm (± 12.921) and 72.76 cm (± 11.326) respectively. We also observed physical damage on planted seedlings, namely the occurrence of shoot and twig boring (pest) and seedling mortality caused by herbicide contact when our field staff applied herbicide at the experimental plots to ease the planted seedlings from weeds and other competitors. Borer was only identified in the surviving Balangeran seedlings at 12 months after planting with the intensity of attack of 17% . We did not observe similar case occurring in planted Bintangur. Seedling mortality rates caused by herbicide contact for Balangeran and Bintangur were 3.8% and 3,2% respectively. From the study result, it was concluded that only Balangeran was recommended to be planted for increasing the productivity of PSF in the scheme of commercial stand.
Short Communication: Genetic diversity among Fusarium isolates from cereals in Iran assessed using RAPD marker SARA SIAHPOUSH; MOSTAFA DARVISHNIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200133

Abstract

Siahpoush S, Darvishnia M. 2019. Short Communication: Genetic diversity among Fusarium isolates from cereals in Iran assessed using RAPD marker. Biodiversitas 20: 292-296. Fusarium species cause important disease on many crops including cereals, and accurate identification and then proper management of this disease will be helpful to reduce economic losses. In this paper, 13 Fusarium isolates from root and crown of cereals in western Iran were identified by morphological and molecular methods. Sequencing of translation elongation factor 1-alpha revealed 8 species as follows: Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, F. reticulatum, F. solani, and F. tricinctum. Species diversity was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Four primers were used as Rfu9, Rfu10, Rfu23, and Rfu25 which all of them produced distinct and reproducible bands. A dendrogram was developed by UPGMA. Generated polymorphic bands were observed in all 13 different species by 4 primers. Rfu9 by 13 bands and Rfu23 by 10 ones, produced the most and the least bands respectively. Genetic similarity coefficient was between 0.00-0.9. RAPD analysis showed that these isolates were genetically varied and two clusters were formed with Fusarium isolates.
The response of East Kalimantan, Indonesia local rice cultivars against iron stress NURHASANAH NURHASANAH; HELMA SUCI LESTARI; WIDI SUNARYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200131

Abstract

Nurhasanah, lestari HS, Sunaryo W. 2019. The response of East Kalimantan, Indonesia local rice cultivars against iron stress. Biodiversitas 20: 273-282. Iron (Fe) toxicity is one of the most problematic metal elements in acidic soil. Besides being as an essential micronutrient, an excessive iron can cause mineral and nutrients absorption disorder which leads to disruption of plant metabolism and cell development. Reduction of plant growth and yield will be the further consequences of the excessive soil iron content. This study aimed to evaluate the response of East Kalimantan local rice cultivars and to screen rice genotypes tolerant to iron stress. Twenty-five rice genotypes were used in this study, consisted of twenty-three local rice cultivars of East Kalimantan and two control of iron sensitive (IR64) and tolerant (Mekongga) varieties. Uniform sprouts (3 days old) having 1-1.5 cm root length were used for iron stress experiment. The seedlings were grown in nutrient solution using hydroponic system in an aerobic condition. The seedlings were treated for one week in iron stress condition by adding an extra iron source of 100 and 200 ppm FeSO4.7H2O (pH 4.0). The seedlings grown in the nutrient solution without an extra iron treatment at normal acidity growth condition (pH 5.8) were used as the control. The growth responses were observed from root, shoot, and biomass of the plants. The tolerance index of the plant growth characters was calculated to classify the rice genotypes into tolerant, moderate, and sensitive to iron stress. The results showed that 100 and 200 ppm of FeSO4.7H2O treatments inhibited the root and shoot growth and also reduced the plant biomass. The plant growth reduction was in parallel with the increase of iron concentration. There was a significant differential response of East Kalimantan local rice genotypes to iron stress treatment. Some genotypes showed an extreme reduction of plant growth, whereas several genotypes had an increased growth under stressed situation. In the contrary, the sensitive genotype IR 64 was consistently sensitive based on the tolerance index of the root, shoot, and plant biomass characters. Among all growth parameters, the most selective character for iron toxicity screening was maximal root length character. This character caused the most severe symptoms for most of the genotypes. Two local rice genotypes, Bentian and Bogor Hitam, were consistently tolerant based on the maximal root growth, total root growth, shoot length and plant biomass.
Comparative study of floristic diversity along altitude in the northern slope of the central Alborz Mountains, Iran HALIME MORADI; FARIDEH ATTAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200135

Abstract

Moradi H, Attar F. 2019. Comparative study of floristic diversity along altitude in the northern slope of the central Alborz Mountains, Iran. Biodiversitas 20: 305-312. The Alborz is one of two main mountain chains in the north of Iran. The flora and vegetation of the sub-alpine and alpine zone of the central Alborz are less known comparing to the vegetation of lower altitudes with Hyrcanain forests. In this study, floristic composition and life-form spectra were investigated along an altitudinal transect ranging from 2000 m to the alpine and sub-nival peak of Mt. Rostam-Nisht at 4500 m. We compared the floristic diversity of the studied transect with the data obtained from an earlier studied transect in Kheyrud forest. A total of 299 taxa were found in the survey which showed high species diversity in the area. In addition, our results showed remarkable difference in life form categories between lower altitudes (Hyrcanian forests) and sub-alpine and alpine zones.
Local biodiversity conservation in Sigi, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Analysis of the effect of elevation, land accessibility, and farmers’ income and perception on vegetation diversity in agroforestry systems NINA DWI LESTARI; DIDIK SUPRAYOGO; ARIEF RACHMANSYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200132

Abstract

Lestari ND, Suprayogo D, Rachmansyah A. 2018. Local biodiversity conservation in Sigi, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Analysis of the effect of elevation, land accessibility, and farmers’ income and perception on vegetation diversity in agroforestry systems. Biodiversitas 19: 283-291. The objectives of the research were to evaluate the level of landscape vegetation diversity in agroforestry systems and to determine the effect of elevation, accessibility, and farmer's income and perception on vegetation diversity in agroforestry systems. The research was conducted in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method used was the Multidisciplinary Landscape Assessment approach. The research sites were located in 3 districts and 6 representative villages i.e. Padende and Sibedi in the lower landscape (23-75 m asl.), Balane and Doda in the middle landscape (148-504 m asl.), Dombu and Ongulero in the upper landscape (1163-1404 m asl.), with 5 replications in each village. The total area of the six villages was 3772.13 ha that consisted of 1217.13 ha of agroforestry systems (32.3%). The research covered a population of 392 households who had landed with agroforestry systems. A total of 30 agroforestry farmers and their land (minimum 0.25 ha, homogeneous land system) were selected as samples. Research activities like observation, survey, and analysis were divided into two aspects, namely biophysical and socioeconomic aspects. The results revealed that at landscape level agroforestry systems had relatively high plant species diversity (H'= 3.1) and needed to be optimized to enhance its role as buffering zone for biodiversity conservation and for supporting sustainable livelihood. Efforts to improve vegetation diversity must be adjusted to habitat conditions (elevation and soil health), where vegetation can grow and produce well. The regional development such as accessibility improvement is still needed and it will not threaten the vegetation diversity as long as there is a harmony between human activities and the environment. An increase in the level of income with a positive perception of farmers on the benefits of vegetation diversity in the future will have a main role in vegetation diversity conservation as fundamental asset in sustainable development.
Using micro-morphological fruit characters in resolving some of ambiguities in Iranian Acer L. (Sapindaceae) species FATEMEH ASADI; FARIBA SHARIFNIA; FAHIMEH SALIMPOUR; AHMAD MAJD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200134

Abstract

Asadi F, Sharifnia F, Salimpour F, Majd A. 2019. Using micro-morphological fruit characters in resolving some of ambiguities in Iranian Acer L. (Sapindaceae) species. Biodiversitas 20: 297-304. Acer L. belongs to the Sapindaceae family consists of 126 species which are distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. There are 12 taxa (including Acer monspessulanum with four subspecies and Acer velutinum with two varieties) in Iran. In this study 21 fruit characteristics are partially investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Stereomicroscope. According to the obtained results, four types of faveolate, folded, wrinkled and pavement wing surface ornamentations as well as four types of faveolate, folded, verrucous, and wrinkled achene surface ornamentations were observed. Hair of wing margin, achene hair, wing ornamentation, inside angle of wing, and outside angle of wing have taxonomic value. According to fruit morphology, separation of 4 subspecies of A. monspessulanum can be verified. Also varieties of A. velutinum var. velutinum, and A. velutinum var. glabrescens were totally separated due to differences in characteristics such as wing ornamentation, achene ornamentation, hair density of achene, wing length, wing width, the ratio of length to width of wing, total fruit length, total fruit width, the ratio of length to width of fruit, inside angle of wing, outside angle of wing. The results showed that micro-morphological fruit characters of Acer genus are valuable in terms of taxonomy and classification of subspecies level.

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