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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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A mutant variant of Nix gene on ?-irradiated Aedes aegypti as a male-determination factor BENI ERNAWAN; HARRY NUGROHO EKO SURNIYANTORO; IRAWAN SUGORO; USMAN SUMO FRIEND TAMBUNAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200338

Abstract

Abstract. Ernawan B, Surniyantoro HNE, Sugoro I, Tambunan USF. 2019. A mutant variant of Nix gene on ?-irradiated Aedes aegypti as a male-determination factor. Biodiversitas 20: 893-899. This study was aimed to examine the effect of ?-irradiation on the Nix gene sequence as a male-determination factor on Ae. aegypti. The novelty of the present study is the investigation on the gene mutation level of the deoxyribonucleic acid as an impact of ionizing radiation exposure. Males Ae. aegypti at the pupal stage were sterilized by applying 70 Gy ?-rays in varies dose-rates, i.e., 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 Gy/h utilizing panoramic irradiator and males group without ?-irradiation as controls. Adult males that emerged from the pupal stage were assessed for the Nix gene sequence using a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction method and were sequenced using Clustal Omega and Bioedit software, respectively. The results indicated that mutation occurred in Nix gene sequences were categorized as a point mutation. The change of Nix gene sequences was occurred between the nitrogenous base of guanine to adenine (G>A), thymine to adenine (T>A) and cytosine to adenine (C>A) in certain sequence numbers. There were six and nineteen on the forward-strand and reverse-strand of the Nix gene, respectively, due to ?-irradiation treatment. We conclude that ?-irradiation exposure causes point mutation on the Nix gene of males Ae. aegypti.
Response of polyisoprenoid concentration and profile in three groups of mangrove seedlings of coping with long-term salinity MOHAMMAD BASYUNI; HIROSHI SAGAMI; SHIGEYUKI BABA; HIROSUKE OKU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200137

Abstract

Basyuni M, Sagami H, Baba S, Oku H. 2019. Response of polyisoprenoid concentration and profile in three groups of mangrove seedlings of coping with long-term salinity. Biodiversitas 20: 320-326. The response of polyisoprenoid (polyprenol and dolichol) concentration and distribution was investigated with three groups mechanism of coping with salinity: a secreting mangrove species of Avicennia officinalis, a non-secreting species (excluder) of Bruguiera cylindrica, and a salt-accumulating species of Xylocarpus granatum. The seedlings of three mangroves were grown under 0 and 3% salinity concentration for five months. Polyisoprenoids in the lipid extracts were examined by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography (2D-TLC). The pattern of the polyprenols and dolichols in the leaves and roots were categorized as two types (I and II). In category I, dolichols dominated over polyprenols, however, in category II, the existence of both polyprenols and dolichols was found. In the leaves, type-I was observed in A. officinalis under 0 and 3% salinity. On the other hand, type-II was found in B. cylindrica and X. granatum under 0 and 3% salt concentrations. A similar pattern was found in the roots, A. officinalis (type-I), and that in B. cylindrica and X. granatum was type-II. This finding depicted that the seedlings of A. officinalis, B. cylindrica, and X. granatum leaves and roots imply no change in the distribution type: the categories were distributed as type I or II under 0% salt concentrations, as well as type-I or II under 3% salt concentrations. This study implied that polyisoprenoids may play a protective function against salinity in the mangrove leaves and roots of three groups scheme (secreting, excluding, and accumulating) of salt management.
Morphology, palynology, and stipe anatomy of four common ferns from Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia NERY SOFIYANTI; DYAH IRIANI; FITMAWATI FITMAWATI; AFNI ATIKA MARPAUNG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200138

Abstract

Sofiyanti N, Iriani D, Fitmawati, Marpaung AA. 2019. Morphology, palynology, and stipe anatomy of four common ferns from Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 327-336. The fern explorations had been conducted in Pekanbaru, Riau Province from 2013 to 2017. The objectives of this study were to characterize the morphological characters, to examine the spore features and stipe anatomy characters of four common ferns from Pekanbaru. The specimens were collected from the fields using the exploration method from 21 study sites from 10 sub-districts. The spores were then observed using a digital microscope. A total of four fern species were known as the most common fern species in this region, i.e., Dicranopteris linearis, Stenochlaena palustris, Nephrolepis biserrata, and Davalia denticulata. This study examined the morphology, palynology and stipe anatomy of these four common ferns from Pekanbaru, Riau. The anatomical preparation was conducted using paraffin method while spore preparation using acetolysis method. We found dimorphic ferns (Stenochlaena palustris and Davallia denticulata) and monomorphic ferns (Dicranopteris linearis and Nephrolepis biserrata). The vascular bundle of stipes of four species examined is similar, i.e., amphicribral concentric, however, the vascular bundles within the species varies in size. We also observed similar type of stele, atactostele, among the species. The spore features found in this study were monolete and trilete with prolate and subprolate shape. The result of this study supports the anatomical data of the examined species.
Presence of Anisakis nematode larvae in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) along the Indian Ocean southern coast of East Java, Indonesia EKO SETYOBUDI; IZANATUR ROHMAH; RIZKA FAUZIANA SYARIFAH; LISA RAMATIA; MURWANTOKO MURWANTOKO; DINI WAHYU KARTIKA SARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200136

Abstract

Setyobudi E, Rohmah I, Syarifah RF, Ramatia L, Murwantoko, Sari DWK. 2019. Presence of Anisakis nematode larvae in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) along the Indian Ocean southern coast of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 313-319. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and site of infection of anisakid larvae (Nematoda) in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) at the Indian Ocean Southern Coast of East Java. A total of 341 fish were collected from Prigi and Muncar Fish Harbor, East Java during March-April 2018. Each fish specimen was measured in body length and weight, and then dissected for examination of Anisakis larvae in the body cavity, digestive tract, liver, gonad and muscle. The collected larvae were preserved in absolute ethanol for both morphological and molecular identification. The results of this research showed Indian mackerel was susceptible to Anisakis infection (P=17%, MI =6.8 larva/individual fish). Most of the larvae were found in the digestive tract and body cavity, 47.2% and 46.0% respectively. Only a few larvae were found in other internal organs and muscle. Based on morphological identification, these larvae corresponded to Anisakis Type I. Furthermore, in molecular identification using PCR-RFLP, the banding pattern clearly matched with Anisakis typica. The prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis nematodes on Indian mackerel along the southern coast of East Java seem to be different in each locality and from other adjacent waters as has previously been reported, which may be due to differences in feeding habits and in the distribution of marine mammals as the final host. The results suggest that differences in prevalence and mean intensity of anisakis larvae infection could be developed as a biological indicator of fish stock discrimination. However, clear information regarding food habits of Indian mackerel and migration patterns of the paratenic hosts as well as of marine mammals as final host is needed.
Short Communication: Early stability test of mutant candidates of Bangka local cassava, Indonesia TRI LESTARI; ERIES DYAH MUSTIKARINI; RION APRIYADI; SAIPUL ANWAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200139

Abstract

Lestari T, Mustikarini ED, Apriyadi R, Anwar S. 2019. Early stability test of mutant candidates of Bangka local cassava, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 337-342. Cassava production in Indonesia has decreased due to decreased harvest area. Increasing production can be done by improving genetic diversity through gamma-ray irradiation to create high production mutant. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum irradiation doses in relation to improve production of local cassava from Bangka Island, as well as morphological changes resulting from the irradiation. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden, the University of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia in September 2017 until April 2018. This experiment was using Split Plot design, with the main plot consisted of 2 levels and subplot have 3 treatment levels, and 4 replications, in total there were 24 experimental units. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation had very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, young leaf color, stem color, and number of lobes. Gamma-ray irradiation on 3 Bulan accession showed an improved tuber production, whereas in Malang varieties gamma-ray irradiation decreased tuber production. Gamma-ray irradiation dose of 30 Gray was able to improve the number of tubers, tuber weight and starch content on 3 Bulan cassava accession.
Species diversity of Orchids in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung, Indonesia ESTI MUNAWAROH; YUZAMMI YUZAMMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200140

Abstract

Abstract. Munawaroh E, Yuzammi. 2019. Species diversity of Orchids in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 343-349. Orchids, belonging to the family Orchidaceae, are well known ornamental plants due to their beautiful flowers and varied colors. The members of this family have received more scientific attention than other plant families because of their unique botanical features and economic value. This study was conducted to explore and record the species diversity of Orchidaceae in Sumatera, especially in the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Lampung, Indonesia. This research was carried out from 2011 to 2014 at four locations, namely Kubu Perahu Resort, Sukaraja Atas Resort, Pugung Tampak Resort and Sekincau Resort, using purposive sampling method. A total of 132 species belonging to 52 genera of orchids have been identified from BBSNP, Lampung, of which 37 genera are epiphytic orchids and 15 genera are terrestrial orchids. Two species namely, Vanda sumatrana and Grammatophyllum speciosum, have been recognized as protected species. Vanda sumatrana is also endemic to Sumatera. These orchids are also cultivated at Liwa Botanic Garden, as an ex situ conservation.
Seed germination of Carex lainzii Luceño, E. Rico & T. Romero: An endemic Spanish endangered species KAROLINE APARECIDA FELIX RIBEIRO; CRISTIAN MADEIRA DE MEDEIROS; JOSÉ ÁNGEL SÁNCHEZ-AGUDO; JOSÉ SÁNCHEZ-SÁNCHEZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200313

Abstract

Abstract. Ribeiro KAF, Madeira de Medeiros C, Agudo JAS, Sánchez JS. 2019. Seed germination of Carex lainzii Luceño, E. Rico & T. Romero: An endemic Spanish endangered species. Biodiversitas 20: xxxx. Strategies to halt the decline of biodiversity include: in-situ and ex-situ conservation, the latter already considered at the global level essential in conservation programs. The results of the germinative responses of Carex lainzii Luceño, E. Rico & T. Romero (Cyperaceae), an endemic Spanish endangered species, are presented in this work, to different trials carried out in the laboratory with seeds harvested in the two known populations of that community. Treatments with and without 0.2% potassium nitrate (KNO3) were tested for four, six and eight months in cold stratification at 5 °C in two germination chambers at different temperatures (22/10 °C and 27/15 °C with a photoperiod of 12/12 hours). The results indicate that there is a large difference in germination rates between the two populations. The use of KNO3 did not increase germination rates in any case, but differences were found between periods of cold stratification, with six months being the most effective. On the other hand, the germination rates of both populations remain low (17.58% and 2%) compared to the obtained rate of seed viability. With this first approach to the understanding of the germination requirements of C. lainzii, it becomes clear that new essays are needed to obtain better results, in order to effectively implement the protection plans of C. lainzii populations.
Analysis of land use change and its relation to land potential and elephant habitat at Besitang Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia WANDA KUSWANDA; AHMAD DANY SUNANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200141

Abstract

Kuswanda W, Sunandar AD. 2019. Analysis of land use change and its relation to land potential and elephant habitat at Besitang Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 350-358. Land use change from forest into plantation at a watershed could be detrimental both for humans and wildlife. This study was aimed to analyze land use change and its impact on the habitat potential of Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1857) in the upstream of Besitang Watershed located at Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP), North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted from April to November 2015. Data collection was made through land cover map analysis, ground check and vegetation analysis using strip transect method. Land use change was analyzed using ArcView 3.2 software, species diversity was calculated using Shannon-Weiner formula and community evenness indices. Based on map delineation, total extent of Besitang Watershed is about 95,428 hectares. The analysis results showed that, in the past 25 years, about 15,989 hectares of land was changed from forests and farms to monoculture plantations. These changes have caused conflicts and threatened elephant population. As many as 168 species of plants were identified during vegetation analysis in the three study locations, namely Bukit Mas primary forest (88 species), Sekundur mixed secondary forest (91 species) and Halaban secondary forest (68 species). Average Importance Value Index (IVI) was below 40% which indicates that there are no dominant plant species. Tree density was between 360 and 497,5 individual/ha, sapling density was between 2,640 and 4,680 individual/ha, and density of seedling and understory plants was between 27,750 and 38,500 individual/ha. Species diversity index for each plant growth stage was relatively high (H’>3) and the similarity of plant species across locations was generally low (IS = <50%). Analysis of the correlation between land cover differences and habitat features showed statistically significant effects on species density and frequency. The highest effect of land cover change is on species density with the correlation reaching 94.5%. Forests in GLNP will be able to regenerate naturally to reach a stable state if there is no more land clearing to raise plantations.
Physiological status of high and low metabolism Hevea clones in the difference stage of tapping panel dryness RADITE TISTAMA; PUTRI ARISMA SIREGAR MAWADDAH; LUBIS ADE-FIPRIANI; JUNAIDI JUNAIDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200143

Abstract

Abstract. Tristama R, Mawaddah PAS, Ade-Fipriani L, Junaidi. 2019. Physiological status of high and low metabolism Hevea clones in the difference stage of tapping panel dryness. Biodiversitas 20: 367-373. Tapping panel dryness (TPD) caused productivity of rubber trees drop sharply. However, the increase of TPD stage has not been completely elucidated, especially in physiological aspects. TPD incident was higher occurred in high metabolism than low metabolism clones. The incident has been classified based on visual observation. This research aimed to explore the physiological characters to identifying the physiological changes of each TPD stage in the two metabolism types of rubber clones, IRR 42 (low metabolism) and IRR 118 (high metabolism). The physiological parameters such as thiol, Pi content and peroxidase activity were specifically in each clone and the tissue types (bark or laticifer). The physiological pattern of IRR 42 was a difference with that of IRR 118 for the increase of the TPD stages. Phosphate inorganic content in the latex and bark were a decline in the TPD affected trees, whereas the sucrose content was relatively constant. The pattern of changes of thiol content in IRR 42 was reverse with IRR 118, both in the latex or bark tissue. Peroxidases activity in the latex and bark negatively correlated with the TPD stage. The decline of Pi and peroxidase activity can be used to identify the TPD incident in rubber trees.
Comparison of true mangrove stands in Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, North Gorontalo District, Indonesia FAIZAL KASIM; MIFTAHUL KHAIR KADIM; SITTI NURSINAR; ZULKIFLI KARIM; ALDIN LAMALANGO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200142

Abstract

Abstract. Kasim F, Kadim MK, Nursinar S, Karim Z, Lamalango A. 2019. Comparison of true mangrove stands in Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, North Gorontalo District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 359-366. This study aimed to investigate and compare the current status of mangrove areas, as well as the composition and species diversity of mangrove stands in both regions of Dudepo and Ponelo Islands. The results showed that the mangrove areas calculated using the segmentation method in classifying image of Landsat-8 OLI (acquisition on September 2017) were 279.46 ha (Dudepo Island) and 113.35 ha (Ponelo Island) respectively. A total of 13 species of true mangrove were recorded from both islands, using survey method from 9 transect lines (TL), with a distance ranging from 40 to 210 meters (1-6 quadrats) per transect. The mean densities of trees were 2133 ± 329.78 ha-1 (Dudepo Island) and 2111 ± 234.28 ha-1 (Ponelo Island), while those of saplings and seedlings were 58 ± 13.48 ha-1 and 1425 ± 113.96 ha-1 (Dudepo Island), and 79 ± 14.51 ha-1 and 2963 ± 443.22 ha-1 (Ponelo Island). The mean diameter and basal area were 19.73 ± 10.65 cm and 84.22 ± 67.67 m2ha-1 (Dudepo Island), 17.04 ± 1.46 cm and 60.07 ± 15.12 m2ha-1 (Ponelo Island), respectively. The Importance Value Index (IVI) ranged between 3.97-114.87 (Dudepo Island) and 6.04-82.18 (Ponelo Island). The dominant and codominant species based on IVI in both islands were Rhizophora apiculata Blume and R. stylosa Griff. The indexes of diversity, richness, and evenness of mangrove species in both islands were 0.34-1.70, 0.48-1.18, 0.47-0.94 (trees), 0.00-1.10, 0.00-1.82, 0.00-1.00 (saplings), and 0.00.-1.48, 0.00-1.44, 0.72-1.00 (seedlings), respectively. The Bray-Curtis similarity index between Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, based on the overall values of community attributes, was 0.75.

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