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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
In vivo evaluation of anticryptosporidiosis activity of the methanolic extract of the plant Umbilicus rupestris AFAF BENHOUDA; DJAHIDA BENHOUDA; MASSINISSA YAHIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201203

Abstract

Abstract. Benhouda A, Benhouda D, Yahia M. 2019. In vivo evaluation of anticryptosporidiosis activity of the methanolic extract of the plant Umbilicus rupestris. Biodiversitas 20: 3478-3483. Umbilicus rupestris (Crassulaceae) is a medicinal plant used in general traditional medicine to cure inflammation and irritation of the skin. The present research is aimed to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of the methanolic extract of the plant URMeOH of U. rupestris against the Cryptosporidium infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed rats experimentally infected. Twenty-one female rats were divided into two groups. Control group (group I) and experimental group (Group II). The group I was further divided into three equal groups (normal group infected and immunosuppressed infected group). The experimental group was divided into two immunosuppressed and four equal groups and two immunocompetent infected. Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated from bovine species stools and used to infect rats. Experimental subgroups received URMeOH two as dose 100mg/kg b.w. and 200 mg/kg b.w. and continued until 15 days. Two weeks after the administration of URMeOH, feces of rats were examined for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts by Ziehl-Neelsen and immunofluorescence techniques, the animals were sacrificed; their small intestines were processed and examined for the detection of pathological lesions after histopathological study. In addition, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured in sections of the jejunum. Concerned the results, we observed a statistically significant (P<0.001) increase in the number of oocysts of Cryptosporidium in the stool for sub infected immunosuppressed groups and an increase of MPO activity compared to the corresponding subgroups immunocompetent subgroups. The URMeOH could remove Cryptosporidium oocysts from feces and intestinal sections subgroup infected immunocompetent rats receiving URMeOH. Moreover, the oocysts were significantly reduced in all other subgroups experimental infected compared to infected control subgroups. Intestinal sections in all subgroups received URMeOH revealed a more or less normal architecture. In addition, the reduction of MPO activity level was also detected in all experimental subgroups.
Diversity and potency of indigenous yeast from some palm juices for bioethanol production Trianik Widyaningrum; SUHARJONO SUHARJONO; TRI ARDYATI; AULANNI’AM AULANNI’AM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210139

Abstract

Abstract. Widyaningrum T, Suharjono S, Ardyati T, Aulanni’am A. 2020. Diversity and potency of indigenous yeast from some palm juices for bioethanol production. Biodiversitas 21: 318-325. Main energy source commonly used by the community comes from fossil energy, especially petroleum. The crisis of energy showed that Indonesia's fossil energy reserves are limited. Based on this fact it is important to develop alternative energy that environmentally friendly and sustain, especially bioethanol. The objective of this research was to diversity and potency of indigenous yeast from palm juice of Arenga pinnata Merr., Cocos nucifera L., Nypa fruticans Wurmb., and Borassus flabellifer L. for bioethanol production. Yeast from juice of the four species of palm was isolated using Yeast Malt Extract Agar (YMEA). Those isolates were screen base on ethanol production in coconut water media. The potential of yeast isolates was identified base on 18S DNA sequence similarity. The four potential isolates of yeast were A3A from A. pinnata, K1A from C. nucifera, N3E from N. fruticans, and S1A from B. flabellifer have highest production of ethanol are 8.6 %, 14.2 %, 9.0 %, and 9.2 % respectively. Four potential isolates of yeast were A3A and N3E, K1A, and S1A have relationship with Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-12632T, Pichia manshurica IFO 10726T, and Candida tropicalis ATCC 20615 respectively.
Yield of different rice cultivars at two levels of soil salinity under seawater intrusion in West Java, Indonesia Nuning Argo Subekti; Hasil Sembiring; Erythrina; Dedi Nugraha; Bhakti Priatmojo; Nafisah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210103

Abstract

Abstract. Subekti NA, Sembiring H, Erythrina, Nugraha D, Priatmojo B, Nafisah. 2020. Yield of different rice cultivars at two levels of soil salinity under seawater intrusion in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 14-20. A tendency to use saline water in rice production is rising in recent years, but the adaptation of variety under saline conditions is still questionable. The aim of the study was to evaluate the response of several rice cultivars on the growth and yield of rice under seawater intrusion in West Java. Two salt-tolerant cultivars (Inpari 34 and Inpari 35), two promising lines (PL-1 and PL-2) and two modern cultivars (Inpari 30 (Ciherang sub1) and Sidenuk) were evaluated in two soil salinity levels. In each farmer's field a Randomized Complete Block Design was applied with three replications per treatment. Results showed that Sidenuk and Inpari 30 produced same yield compared to tolerant varieties and promising lines during dry season under moderate soil salinity. There were not much different among the cultivars tested in terms of plant height and tiller number as well as the biomass and harvest index. However, under high soil salinity seed germination, plant height, number of tillers per plant, above-ground biomass, spikelet number, percent of sterile florets and productivity were significantly affected. Saline tolerant varieties Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 showed their superiority compared to non-tolerant varieties. Both varieties produced 40% higher yield than Inpari 30 (Ciherang sub 1) and Sidenuk.
Short Communication: Preliminary characterization of groundcherry (Physalis angulata) from East Java Province, Indonesia based on morpho-agronomic traits halimatus sadiyah; Andy Soegianto; Budi Waluyo; Sumeru Ashari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210244

Abstract

Abstract. Sadiyah H, Soegianto A, Waluyo B, Ashari S. 2020. Short Communication: Preliminary characterization of groundcherry (Physalis angulata) from East Java Province, Indonesia based on morpho-agronomic traits. Biodiversitas 21: 759-769. Accurate knowledge of the genetic relationships between different germplasms is important for successful crop improvement programs through breeding. This work aimed to i) characterize the groundcherry germplasm collected from the field of eastern Java and Madura Island based on their morpho-agronomic performance, ii) investigate the relationships among the different germplasms, and iii) verify whether simultaneous analysis of quantitative-qualitative data (joint analysis) can reveal new clustering patterns. A total of 26 quantitative and 31 qualitative traits were measured and evaluated for 28 accessions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to select variables that had significant loading, based on a t-test, for inclusion in cluster analysis. The first clustering method was the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), which only involved quantitative variables using the Manhattan distance. This method was followed by a joint analysis using Gower dissimilarity. Nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance test showed that four clusters were the optimum number for both methods, but the clusters for each method had different members. The coefficient of variation ranged from 3.9 (fruit pH) to 45.5 (productivity per plant), indicating that improvement in the productivity in groundcherry was promising. The mean values of the morpho-agronomic traits for accessions from eastern Java and Madura Island were not significantly different, except for fruit firmness and the mean length of two internodes. In general, geographic isolation did not have much influence on the characteristics of an accession, since there were accessions from these two regions that were members of the same group, identified by the clustering analysis.
Ethnoornithological study in selected villages of Riau Province, Indonesia ELFIS; Prima Wahyu Titisari; NUNUT SUHARNI; KHAIRANI; NADIATUL JANNA; TIKA PERMATASARI; INDRY CHAHYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210445

Abstract

Abstract. Elfis, Titisari PW, Suharni N, Khairani, Janna N, Permatasari T, Chahyana I. 2020. Ethnoornithological study in selected villages of Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1645-1652. Riau Province, along the central-eastern coast of Sumatra, is an area of high bird diversity. The purpose of this study is to document and analyze the ethnoornithological local wisdom of some selected villages and use it to develop a strategy for biodiversity conservation in Riau. The method used in this research involved direct observation of some areas that have local accumulated natural history knowledge and interviews with selected informants of the local community. Some bird species were found to be central to the local culture, and these included the Punai Saluang/Sumatran Green-pigeon (Treron oxyura Temminck), Serindit Melayu/Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot (Loriculus galgulus Linnaeus), Bubut/Greater Coucal (Centropus Sinensis Stephens), and Rangkong Gading/Helmeted Hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil Forster). These bird species are used in traditional medicine, rituals and symbols in Riau Province. Serindit Melayu/Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot is a symbol of the Malay community in Riau and averts evil in the village of Gema. Rangkong Gading/Helmeted Hornbill body parts are used in ritual treatment to cure various diseases by the TalangMamak Tribe in Rantau Langsat. Punai Saluang/Sumatran Green-pigeon is used as a metaphor in folk literature of the Malays in the Pelalawan area, and Bubut/Greater Coucal (Centropus sinensis Stephens) body parts are used as traditional medicine by the Malays in Kuok Village. There are several aspects that need to be studied further to conserve these birds, including the ecology, reproduction, and behavior aspects. Through preservation of these ethnoornithological rituals and education of the younger generation, these and other species of birds can be better sustained in and around the culture of Riau society.
Morphological and agronomical characters of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, Indonesia: - TANTRI PALUPI; FRANKY PANGARIBUAN; HEARNES; FADJAR RIYANTO; WASIAN; DWI ZULFITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210329

Abstract

Abstract. Palupi T, Pangaribuan F, Hearnes, Riyanto F, Wasian, Zulfita D. 2020. Morphological and agronomical characters of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1065-1073. The black rice paddy is a variety of rice known to have anthocyanin content which is beneficial to human health. Yet, the black rice paddy is relatively rare to find as not all rice-growing areas develop and plant black rice. West Kalimantan has several potential black rice varieties which are potentials as genetic resources to create a new black rice variety in plant breeding programs. This research was aimed to describe the morphological and agronomical characteristics of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, namely Nanga Taman, Mukok, Senakin, and Ensalang. The study was conducted at the experimental garden of Agriculture Faculty, University of Tanjungpura, Pontianak using Completely Randomized Design. Each variety consisted of six replications, and each replication consisted of 3 samples. We observed 12 characters of the vegetative phase and 21 characters of the generative period. The four varieties had similarities in 13 characters and differences in 20 characters. The results showed that the four black rice had superior properties such as the stem angle and the angle of the leaves is upright so that it reduces interference from bird pests. Among them, the Senakin variety had an advantage over the three other varieties in terms of plant height, age, the number of productive tillers, and weight of grains.
Short Communication: Single nucleotide polymorphism in C-type lysozyme gene and its correlation with Aeromonas hydrophila resistance in African catfish Clarias gariepinus Hasan Nasrullah; Yanti Inneke Nababan; Ika Safitri; Dwi Yanti; Sri Nuryati; Muhammad Zairin Jr; Alimuddin Alimuddin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210138

Abstract

Abstract. Authors. 2020. Short Communication: Single nucleotide polymorphism in C-type lysozyme gene and its correlation with Aeromonas hydrophila resistance in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Biodiversitas 21: 311-317. The chicken-type lysozyme (LYSC) gene has been demonstrated to play important roles in the fish protection system against bacterial infection. In this present study, we aimed to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the LYSC gene of African catfish Clarias gariepinus and its possible association with Aeromonas hydrophila resistance, a major pathogenic bacterium in African catfish. The gDNA of the African catfish LYSC coding sequence was 1559 bp long, comprising of four exons and three introns. Six SNPs were identified in African catfish LYSC, namely SNP1-6. After the A. hydrophila challenge, we regarded the surviving individuals after the infection as the resistant group and the dead fish as the susceptible group. High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis on SNP2 revealed that the allele frequencies of TT, CC, and TC were of 27.78%, 5.55%, and 66.67% in the resistant group, while the frequencies of TT, CC, and TC were 16.67%, 27.78%, and 55.55% in the susceptible group, respectively. The expression of LYSC and other immune-genes in the resistant group was also higher in the liver, head kidney, and spleen. These results indicated that the LYSC gene might play an essential role in bacterial resistance, and the SNP2 within the LYSC gene may be associated with the resistance to A. hydrophila in African catfish.
Agelasines B, D and antimicrobial extract of a marine sponge Agelas sp. from Tahuna Bay, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia Walter Balansa; Stevy Imelda Murniati Wodi; Frets Jonas Rieuwpassa; Frans Gruber Ijong
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210236

Abstract

Abstract. Balansa W, Wodi SIM, Rieuwpassa FJ, Ijong FG. 2020. Agelasines B, D and antimicrobial extract of Agelas sp. from Tahuna Bay, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 699-706. The alarming growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria necessitates the discovery of new antibiotics including those for combating life-threatening ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter sp) and fish pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to identify antimicrobial compounds from an extract of a marine sponge collected from Enepahembang coral reef, Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sponge was identified by DNA barcoding as Agelas sp. and its extract was evaluated against three ESKAPE bacteria (S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii) and three fish pathogenic bacteria (A. hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio parahaemolyticus), using the standard disk diffusion method. It showed moderate to strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (25.3 mm), K. pneumoniae (15.5 mm), A. baumannii (20.2 mm), A. hydrophila (20.5 mm), E. tarda (22.4 mm) and A. salmonicida (21.2 mm). The extract was isolated by chromatographic techniques (column chromatography, flash chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography). The structures and relative stereochemistry of the two compounds were elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data analysis as well as by comparison with reported values. Unfortunately, limited amount of the pure compounds prevented us from further evaluating their antimicrobial activity against the test bacteria. Nevertheless, the crude extract's strong antimicrobial activity, especially against the test Gram-negative bacteria, suggests the importance of this finding in light of the recent antimicrobial drug scarcity but rapid antimicrobial resistance and the emerging paradigm of antimicrobial drug modification, redirection and/or repurposing for discovering new antibiotics particularly against the life-threatening Gram-negative bacteria.
Changes in insect biodiversity on rehabilitation sites in the southern coastal areas of Java Island, Indonesia BUDIADI; MUSYAFA; SURYO HARDIWINOTO; Atus Syahbudin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210101

Abstract

Abstract. Budiadi, Musyafa, Hardiwinoto S, Syahbudin A. 2020. Changes in insect biodiversity on rehabilitation sites in the southern coastal areas of Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1-7. Rehabilitation activities on coastal areas such as mangrove wetlands and dry-sandy soils may cause a change in the environmental quality, including insect diversity and their role. The research was conducted to compare the effect of stand structure on the rehabilitation areas of the south coast of Java Island and measure insect biodiversity affected by the changes to land cover. Systematic sampling technique was employed in four different land covers, i.e., dryland site of 10-year old Casuarina equisetifolia, and wetland sites of 12-year old Avicennia sp., mixed mangrove, and open grassland. Experimental plots (100 m x 10 m) were established for day- and night-time insect observation and tree inventory. Results showed that stand structure in the rehabilitation areas was low in tree diversity and lesser occurrence of natural regeneration. The insect taxa were dominated by Coleoptera in the Avicennia and mangrove stands, while different types of grasshopper of Acrididae were found in the grassland and Casuarina stands. Richer and more roles of insect species were found in mixed stands than in monoculture, and more in established stands than open grasslands. The rehabilitation activities change the microenvironment and insect diversity but have yet not been considered as an indicator of the success of rehabilitation.
Genetic diversity and productivity of Gracilaria coronopifolia as alternative for food resource based on RAPD marker Gut Windarsih; DWINITA WIKAN UTAMI; SITI YURIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201239

Abstract

Abstract. Windarsih G, Utami DW, Yuriyah S. 2019. Genetic diversity and productivity of Gracilaria coronopifolia as alternative for food resource based on RAPD marker. Biodiversitas 20: 3758-3765. Gracilaria coronopifolia is one of potential seaweed as an alternative for food resources, especially for agar source. The information about the genetic profile of G. coronopifolia will be useful for assisting in conservation and breeding efforts. RAPD marker is expected to be utilized for characterization of the species with high productivity based on genetic profile. This research aims to determine the genetic diversity and productivity of G. coronopifolia based on RAPD marker. The samples were collected from Anyer Beach, Banten, Indonesia i.e. Tanjung Tum Beach, Mambruk Hotel Beach, and Patra Comfort Anyer Beach, as well as the cultivation ponds of seaweed in Lontar Village, Banten, Indonesia. Five RAPD primers (OPA-01, OPA-16, OPT-05, OPR-02, and UBC-594) were screened to characterize the genetic profile of samples. The results showed that all primers produced polymorphic bands. Based on the genetic profile, the samples of G. coronopifolia were separated into two main clusters, consisted of group A (Tanjung Tum Beach, Patra Beach, and Mambruk Beach) with a coefficient of similarity of 0.44 and group B (Lontar Village) with a similarity coefficient of 0.43. The sample from Lontar Village was separated outside from the other three samples at the waters of Anyer Beach. The sample from Lontar Village had the highest talus height (18.0 cm) and dry weight (1.250 g/clump). The UBC-594 primer was the most associated with the talus height and dry weight on the band size of 50 bp, thus this primer was assumed can be used as a selection marker for the talus height and dry weight of G. coronopifolia.

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