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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Sanitary situation of Aleppo pine and holm oak on the Sidi R'Ghies forest, Algeria MALIKA RACHED-KANOUNI; ZAHIA KADI; Hichem Khammar; RATIBA BOUSBA; ROMAISSA AMRANE; BESMA CHELLAL; LABED ABABSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210905

Abstract

Abstract. Rached-Kanouni M, Kadi Z, Khammar H, Bousba R, Amrane R, Chellal B, Ababsa L. 2020. Sanitary situation of Aleppo pine and holm oak on the Sidi R'Ghies forest, Algeria. Biodiversitas 21: 3954-3960. The present work aims to assess the vitality status of the Sidi R'Ghies forest and its evolution over time. Eight plots (4 plots for Aleppo pine and 4 for holm oak) were selected at random. The data collected on sample trees are analyzed using two methods: ARCHI, which is based on a reading of the tree architecture, and the assessment of biodiversity using the potential biodiversity index (PBI). The diagnostic results show that the majority of these plots are subject to climatic, pedological, and anthropogenic stresses and their health status is quite low. Despite the pressures and threats to the massif, it remains viable. But this potential is insufficient. To this end, silvicultural interventions are necessary to ensure the viability of this ecosystem by promoting the regeneration of species differences and to include a permanent ecological monitoring system.
Orchid diversity in a logging concession in Tabalong District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211154

Abstract

Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM. 2020. Orchid diversity in a logging concession in Tabalong District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5455-5464. Borneo is the third largest island in the world, and considered the "island of orchids" since it has approximately 2.500-3.000 species of orchids, equivalent to 10% of the orchids in the world. The aim of the research was to study orchid diversity in a logging concession in the village of Dambung Raya, Ara Bintang Sub-district, Tabalong District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This research also collected living specimens of orchid to be grown in Bogor Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia, and Banua Botanic Gardens, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The orchid inventory was carried out using explorative method. The study recorded 64 species of epiphyte orchids and one species of terrestrial orchid, altogether belong to 27 genera. Some interesting orchid species found in this area included Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume, Coelogyne spp. (C. motleyi Rolfe ex J.J.Wood, D.A.Clayton & C.L.Chan, C. foerstermannii Rchb.f., C. rochussenii de Vriese, C. pandurata Lindl.), Acriopsis spp., Pteroceras teres (Blume) Holttum, Thrixspermum raciborskii J.J.Sm. subsp. brevipollinium P. O'Byrne & A. Ent., Thecostele alata (Roxb.) EC Parish & Rchb.f., and Liparis pallida (Blume) Lindl. Orchid endemic to Borneo found in this area were Coelogyne motleyi Rolfe ex JJ Wood, DA Clayton & CL Chan, and Cleisostoma brachystachys (Ridl.) Garay.
Bacterial (9A2H) enhancement alters the nematode community structure and decomposition pathway of amended nutrient-limited soil DEMA R. LUCKYANA; I G. A. AYU RATNA PUSPITASARI; Ardhini R Maharning
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211047

Abstract

Abstract. Luckyana DR, Puspitasari IGAAR, Maharning AR. 2020. Bacterial (9A2H) enhancement alters the nematode community structure and decomposition pathway of amended nutrient-limited soil. Biodiversitas 21: 4813-4820. This study examined the influence of paddy litter amendment and bacterial enhancement of nutrient-limited soil on the nematode community structure and investigated the decomposition rate of the litter due to the treatment. We applied a microcosm-based approach using sand as the medium, including the following treatments: no-bacteria, 9A-autotrophic-bacteria, 2H-heterotrophic-bacteria, and 9A-2H-mix-bacteria, with five replicates. The litter bag experiment and exponential decay model estimated the litter decomposition rate in the microcosm. The soil samples and litter bags were retrieved after days 21, 42, and 63. The structure, enrichment, channel index (CI), and canonical correspondence analysis were employed to investigate the nematode community response. Bacterial enhancement shifted the nematode community and the soil food web toward the dominant bacterial pathway by day 63 (CI: 0), with a slightly less structured food web that was supported by bacterivorous nematodes mostly related to available nutrients. These changes coincided with soil organic carbon and nitrogen increases over time. Our experiments showed that paddy litter amendment and the 9A, 2H, and 9A-2H-mix bacterial enhancements improved nutrient-limited soil, according to the analysis of the nematode community, its composition, and the food web conditions determining nutrient mobility and availability. However, these factors have no impact on the litter decay rate.
Distribution and molecular characterization of biosurfactant-producing bacteria Nassir Alyousif; YASIN Y.Y. AL LUAIBI; WIJDAN HUSSEIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210914

Abstract

Abstract. Alyousif NA, Luaibi YYYA, Hussein W. 2020. Distribution and molecular characterization of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Biodiversitas 21: 4034-4040. Biosurfactants (BSs) are biological surface-active compounds produced by several microorganisms with many areas of application, as such become an important product in biotechnology and consequence to be used in industries. In recent years, many researchers pay attention to BSs producers' microorganisms. The present study was aimed to isolate, identify, and screening BS producing bacteria from six various sites in two different cities in Iraq. Four samples were collected from four sites in Basrah governorate and the rest two samples from Al-Garraf oilfield in Thi-Qar governorate. A total of 33 different bacterial isolates were obtained, 20 out of the 33 were found to be biosurfactants producing isolates that detected through the emulsification index (E24%), oil spreading test, and emulsification activity. The isolated bacterial strains were more identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the biosurfactants producing isolates belonged to genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Aerococcus. Bacillus jeotgali and Aerococcus viridans are reporting as biosurfactant producing bacteria for the first time and Bacillus jeotgali is isolated for first time from crude oil of oilfield reservoir in this study in world. Moreover, six bacterial isolates were identified as new strains and deposited at NCBI Genbank under accession numbers MT261834 (Bacillus subtilis strain IRQNWYA3), MT261835 (Bacillus licheniformis strain IRQNWYB4), MT261836 (Pseudomonas stutzeri strain IRQNWYF2), MT261837 (Pseudomonas zhaodongensis strain IRQNWYF3), MT261838 (Pseudomonas sp. IRQNWYF4) and MT261839 (Bacillus licheniformis strain IRQNWYF5). A2 isolate that was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa has shown the highest values of emulsification activity and emulsification index (1.678±0.050 absorbance at 540 nm and 56.6% respectively) that show efficient potential of biosurfactant production. Phylogenetic tree was also constructed in this study based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of biosurfactant-producing bacteria to evaluate their close relationship and evolution between them.
Diet composition and neighboring prey community of the Phuping newt (Tylototriton uyenoi) in Maesa–Kogma Biosphere Reserve, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand THANSUDA DOWWIANGKAN; YODCHAIY CHUAYNKERN; PONGRAT DUMRONGROJWATTANA; Prateep Duengkae
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211007

Abstract

Abstract. Dowwiangkan T, Chuaynkern Y, Dumrongrojwattana P, Duengkae P. 2020. Diet composition and neighboring prey community of the Phuping newt (Tylototriton uyenoi) in Maesa–Kogma Biosphere Reserve, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 4515-4523. The present work reports the comparison of fecal pellet prey composition of Tylototriton uyenoi from Maesa-Kogma Biosphere Reserve (Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand) based on an analysis of its fecal pellets. Males of T. uyenoi consumed more diverse prey than those of females (53 groups of prey versus 14 groups). The analysis reveals a diverse diet of Arthropoda (Insecta, Arachnida, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, and Malacostraca), Mollusca (Gastropoda), Chordata, and conspecific eggs. Partial remnants of plant materials were also found in the pellets. The percentage frequency of prey occurrence was higher in Formicidae (21.34), Lymnaeidae (17.39), unknown snails (10.67), and Blattidae (9.881). The percentage of the relative number of preys was higher in Lymnaeidae (41.02) and Formicidae (17.17). The volumetric prey percentage was higher in Lymnaeidae (30.78), Paradoxosomatidae (19.14), and unknown snails (12.71). The index of relative importance was higher in Lymnaeidae (1,248.62), Formicidae (376.972), unknown snails (188.275), and Paradoxosomatidae (166.433). The percentage of IRI was higher in Lymnaeidae (57.128) and Formicidae (17.248). The Spearman rank coefficient (95% confidence interval test) showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between prey volume and number and SVL.
Crowing characteristics of Pelung chickens at different age and body weight Ruhyat Partasasmita; INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA; DANI GARNIDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210953

Abstract

Abstract. Asmara IY, Garnida D, Partasasmita R. 2020. Crowing characteristics of Pelung chickens at different age and body weight. Biodiversitas 21: 4339-4344. Crowing characteristics such as duration, frequency, and intensity are important factors to consider in determining a good Pelung. Age and body weight are among other factors being assumed to affect crowing characteristics. The study was conducted to determine the crowing characteristics of different age and body weight. A survey was carried out in Bandung, Cianjur, and Sukabumi Districts, West Java Province, Indonesia in which a total of 98 birds was selected using a purposive technique. The observed parameters were the duration, frequency, and intensity of crowing. The duration was the length of crowing measured by seconds. Frequency is several crowing in a particular time measured by times. Intensity is the magnitude of crowing measured by decibel. The crowing was recorded from 7 AM-2 PM. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Mann-Whitney U Test to compare data differences between research areas. The study found that the crowing duration of Pelung roosters tends to increase in older birds, but the decrease in heavier birds. Crowing frequency increase along with age and body weight. Crowing intensity is similar in different age groups, while the intensity tends to decrease in the heavier group. The results provide evidence that age and body weight of chickens are an important aspect in Pelung contest and age should be considered as a new category in Pelung contest.
Diversity of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in degraded mangrove ecosystems of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Fajar Hasidu; Jamili Jamili; Gaby Nanda Kharisma; Arif Prasetya; Maharani Maharani; Riska Riska; La Ode Adi Parman Rudia; Akhmad Fadli Ibrahim; Azhar Aras Mubarak; La Ode Muhsafaat; Luthfi Anzani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211253

Abstract

Abstract. Hasidu LOAF, Jamili, Kharisma GN, Prasetya A, Maharani, Riska, Rudia LOAP, Ibrahim AF, Mubarak AA, Muhasafaat LO, Anzani L. 2020. Diversity of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in degraded mangrove ecosystems of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5884-5892. Mollusks are one of the mangrove organisms whose classes are bivalves and gastropods. It plays an important role in mangrove and marine ecosystems as filter feeders, predators, and herbivores. This study aims to knows the diversity and abundance of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in several mangrove ecosystems in the Kolaka coastline as well as the similarity of these locations. This study was conducted in mangrove ecosystems of Induha Village, Mangolo Village, Tahoa Village, and Towua Village of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, from July to August 2019. This is a transect method stretched along a 100 m line perpendicularly from the seaward. The size of the mollusks subplot was 1 m2 and placed along the line transect. Each line transect comprises 10 subplots. To analyze the diversity index, evenness index, and its abundance, Kaleida Graph 4.0 version was used. This research indicates that the mollusks consist of 4 families of bivalves with 6 species and 10 families of gastropods with 182 species. It also found out 23 species of mollusks scattered to each location. The molluscan species which spread in all four mangrove ecosystems were Terebralia sulcata, Nerita planospira, and Batillaria multiformis. In Induha, the mollusks species were Anadara notabilis and Drupella margariticola. Meanwhile, Saccostrea cucullata, Pirenella incisa, Clithon oualaniensis, and Clithon pulchellum were only found in Towua. The diversity index of bivalves in each location was categorized as low diversity index category, as well as gastropods were categorized as medium diversity index. The highest diversity index of gastropods was in Induha (H' = 1.96). It was supported by the good mangrove ecosystem for mollusks' habitat. The lowest diversity index of gastropods was in Towua (1.41). This research depicts that three kinds of species with high abundance rate whose rates were >1 ind/m2are located in two different locations namely; P. incisa (3.9 ind/m2) and S. cucullata (3.2 ind/m2) in Towua and followed by B. multiformis (2 ind/m2) and Isognomon ephippium (1.2 ind/m2) in Mangolo.
Effect of mare’s milk prebiotic supplementation on the gut microbiome and the immune system following antibiotic therapy Madiyar Nurgaziyev; YERMEK AITENOV; ZHANAGUL KHASSENBEKOVA; SANIYA AKPANOVA; KAIRAT RYSBEKOV; SAMAT KOZHAKHMETOV; AYAULYM NURGOZHINA; SHYNGGYS SERGAZY; LAURA CHULENBAYEVA; ZHANNA OSPANOVA; ALTYNAI TUYAKOVA; NURISLAM MUKHAMBETGANOV; RASHIDA SATTYBAYEVA; SALTANAT URAZOVA; NAZYM GALYMGOZHINA; ANARA ZHUMADILOVA; ALEXANDR GULYAEV; ALMAGUL KUSHUGULOVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211110

Abstract

Abstract. Nurgaziyev M, Atenov Y, Khassenbekova Z, Akpanova S, Rysbekov K, Kozhakhmetov S, Nurgozhina A, Sergazy S, Chulenbayeva L, Ospanova Z, Tuyakova A, Mukhambetganov N, Sattybayeva R, Urazova S, Galymgozhina N, Zhumadilova A, Gulyaev A, Kushugulova A. 2020. Effect of mare’s milk prebiotic supplementation on the gut microbiome and the immune system following antibiotic therapy. Biodiversitas 21: 5065-5071. Antibiotic treatment can severely affect the gut microbiome for short-term and long-term consequences. Probiotic and prebiotic supplements are widely prescribed to modulate the composition and function of the human gut microbiome. The current study aims to determine the impacts of mare’s milk prebiotics on the diversity of gut bacterial communities and the local immune system when administered during and after a course of antibiotic therapy. Six children aged 4 to 5 years diagnosed with bilateral bronchopneumonia were prescribed cephalosporin (cefuroxime) antibiotics. During the 60 days of the study, three children consumed mare’s milk prebiotics, while the other three did not. Fecal samples were collected daily during antibiotic therapy and every five days after the last day of antibiotic treatment. Total DNA was isolated, and the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome was analyzed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene (V1-V3 region). The MULTIPLEX MAP platform was used to evaluate the local immune status. The relative abundance of 11 genera was reduced and did not recover until the last day of the study. The abundance of Bacteroides was not significantly altered in either group. Christensenella, Rothia, Abiotrophia, Acinetobacter, Anaerotruncus, Holdemania, and Turicibacter numbers were significantly increased on day five and remained at the same level during the study period. Cephalosporin administration also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (MIP1?, TNF?, GMCSF, GCSF, sCD40L, FGF2, TGF?, IL1?, and IP10).
Potential of phosphate solubilizing fungi isolated from peat soils as inoculant biofertilizer Deni Elfiati; Delvian DELVIAN; Hamidah Hanum; Arida Susilowati; Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220605

Abstract

Abstract. Elfiati D, Delvian, Hanum H, Susilowati A, Rachmat HH. 2021. Potential of phosphate solubilizing fungi isolated from peat soils as inoculant biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 22: 3042-3048. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi are the microbes that have the ability to dissolve insoluble phosphate and made it available for plants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to obtain the phosphate-solubilizing fungi from peat soils. Peat soil samples were taken in a composite at a depth 0-20 cm from the peat ecosystem in Nagasaribu Village, Lintong Nihuta Sub-district, Humbang Hasundutan District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil samples were isolated to obtain phosphate-solubilizing fungi using the Pikovskaya selective medium. The obtained isolates were tested for their ability to dissolve phosphate qualitatively by calculating the dissolution index values and quantitatively by calculating the available phosphorus on Pikovskaya medium by using four phosphate sources, namely Ca3(PO4)2, AlPO4, FePO4, and phosphate rock. Total of 12 isolates of phosphate-solubilizing fungi was obtained during the present study. Based on the results of qualitative and quantitative testing, all 12 isolates have the ability to release phosphate from the four tasted phosphate sources. The qualitative test obtains dissolution index values that vary from 2.55 to 4.25, while quantitatively, the isolates were able to dissolve phosphate in the value range from 17.77 ppm to 69.86 ppm. The top five fungal isolates with highest phosphate-solubilizing potential were FG5, FG8, FG9, FG11, and FG12. Based on molecular identification, these five isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger.
Producing renewable electric energy through a microbial fuel cell in the rice field HADI WISA NUGRAHA; GUNAWAN DJAJAKIRANA; SYAIFUL ANWAR; DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210927

Abstract

Abstract. Nugraha HW, Djajakirana G, Anwar S, Santosa DA. 2020. Producing renewable electric energy through a microbial fuel cell in the rice field. Biodiversitas 21: 4139-4146. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is an alternative technology that converts chemical energy into electrical energy using microbes. This study aimed to apply MFC technology in the rice field to produce renewable electricity by utilizing microbes that have been previously isolated. The study was conducted in two experiments. The first experiment was carried out to select MFC prototypes with different in the oxygen circulation system (anode and cathode holes) that capable of producing the highest Voltage. The second experiment was performed to test the selected MFC prototype for electricity production in 12 combination treatments of microbes, organic matter, and fertilization (mixed NPK fertilizer) with three replications on rice cultivation in a greenhouse. The results showed that the best MFC prototype was a prototype that has two holes, each at anode and cathode (MFC 2). The highest electrical Voltage was generated by the treatment with microbes and organic matter, without fertilizer. The treatments produced the highest electrical current was the addition of microbes, organic matter, without and with 50% fertilizer. The highest power density was generated by the treatment with microbes and organic matter, without fertilization. The addition of ex-situ isolated microbes significantly increased the production of electricity.

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