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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 234   235   236   237   238 
Prey items of some amphibians and reptiles in Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex, northeastern Thailand Prapaiporn Thongproh; JIDAPA CHUNSKUL; PEERASIT RONGCHAPHO; CHANTIP CHUAYNKERN; YODCHAIY CHUAYNKERN; RUTTAPON SRISONCHAI; CHIRAWUTH SAENGSRI; PREEYA AONPIME; RATCHATA PHOCHAYAVANICH; PERMSAK KANISHTHAJATA; SAMRET PHUSAENSRI; SUTHIN PROMPALAD; SATAPHON TONGPUN; JIRACHAI ARKAJAG; PRATEEP DUENGKAE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210925

Abstract

Abstract. Thongproh P, Chunskul J, Rongchapho P, Chuaynkern C, Chuaynkern Y, Srisonchai R, Saengsri C, Aonpime P, Phochayavanich R, Kanishthajata P, Phusaensri S, Prompalad S, Tongpun S, Arkajag J, Duengkae P. 2020. Prey items of some amphibians and reptiles in Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex, Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 4124-4130. We reported prey items for two amphibians (Fejervarya limnocharis and Sylvirana nigrovittata) and three reptiles (Hebius sp., Bungarus candidus and Xenopeltis unicolor) from several areas of Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex (northeastern Thailand) based on direct observation method. Fejervarya limnocharis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) consumed Amynthas sp. (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) in Nam Nao National Park (Phetchabun Province), while Sylvirana nigrovittata (Anura: Ranidae) consumed Megaustenia sp. (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) in Phu Long Forest (Chaiyaphum Province). Consumption of snails in Sylvirana nigrovittata was documented as the first report on this prey item for the species. In Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary (Loei Province), Hebius sp. (Serpentes: Colubridae) consumed Fejervarya limnocharis while Bungarus candidus (Serpentes: Elapidae) consumed Argyrophis muelleri (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Xenopeltis unicolor (Serpentes: Xenopeltidae) consumed Glyphoglossus molossus (Anura: Microhylidae) in Phu Wiang National Park (Khon Kaen Province).
Hematological and antioxidants responses of dairy cow fed with a combination of feed and duckweed (Lemna minor) as a mixture for improving milk biosynthesis: The effects of feed duckweed Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria; Andi Mushawwir
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211038

Abstract

Abstract. Tanuwiria UH, Mushawwir A. 2020. Hematological and antioxidants responses of dairy cows fed with a combination of feed and duckweed (Lemna minor) as a mixture for improving performance. Biodiversitas 21: 4741-4746. A total of twenty-five, 5-7th-lactation-old or 7-8thyears-old dairy cows were used in the current study to study the effect of feed duckweed (Lemna minor) on the hematological status and parameters related antioxidant in the dairy cow. Each group of treatment involved 5 replicates with a dairy cow each (5 dairy cows per group). All of the group was provided ration following F0 = Uncultivated grass (UG) 60% and supplemented concentrated (C) 40%; F1 = UG 50%+fresh  duckweed 10%+C 40%; F2 = UG 60%+fresh  duckweed 3%+C 37%; F3 = UG 50%+fresh  duckweed 10%+dried  duckweed  3%+C 37%; F4 = UG 45%+fresh  duckweed 15%+dried  duckweed  2%+C 38%. Blood samples were collected from each dairy cow monthly beginning at the first month of this experiment, from the tail vein (vena coccygeal), using a sterilized syringe and vacuum tube containing K3EDTA. Hematological parameters were analyzed by a hematology analyzer. The blood samples collected were also centrifuged to separate the plasma. The plasma was used to determine of concentration of parameters related to antioxidant by an automatic biochemical analyzer, using a commercial kit. All procedure of the analysis was following based on the Biolabo kit (Franch) and Randox kit (UK). Based on in this current study showed that increased hematological condition and antioxidants profile in dairy cow supplemented duckweed . Supplemented duckweed  can be improved physiological condition (hematologic and antioxidants) in the dairy cow.
Molecular identification of cellulase and protease producing Bacillus tequilensis UTMSA14 isolated from the geothermal hot spring in Lau Sidebuk Debuk, North Sumatra, Indonesia Edy Fachrial; Raden Roro Jenny Satyo Putri; I Nyoman Ehrich Lister; Sari Anggraini; Harmileni HARMILENI; Titania T. Nugroho; Saryono SARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211035

Abstract

Abstract. Fachrial E, Putri RRJS, Lister INE, Anggraini S, Harmileni, Nugroho TT, Saryono. 2020. Molecular identification of cellulase and protease producing Bacillus tequilensis UTMSA14 isolated from the geothermal hot spring in Lau Sidebuk Debuk, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4719-4725. The industrial need for stable microbial enzymes tends to increase every year. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the protease and cellulase producing thermophilic bacteria isolated from the geothermal spring of Lau Sidebuk Debuk, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The protease activity was determined based on the formation of halo zone on Skim Milk Agar, while cellulase was confirmed using CMC plate agar method. Nine bacterial isolates were successfully obtained from the sediments and water, and both activities were observed in only one isolate, known as UTMSA14. These isolates were characterized biochemically and morphologically. The molecular identification of UTMSA14 was done by 16S rRNA sequencing based on BLAST and phylogenetic analysis using MEGA X. Phylogenetic analysis showed that UTMSA14 clustered together with Bacillus tequilensis strain 10b (accession number NR_104919.1), which ascertained the isolate as Bacillus tequilensis strain 10b (accession number NR_104919.1). This is the first report of a thermophilic bacteria isolated from Lau Sidebuk Debuk hot springs, with the ability to produce cellulase and protease. further research is needed to purify and characterize the resulting enzymes, with a potential for industrial applications.
Daily activity, diet and habitat of Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi) in Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia Fransiscus Xaverius SUDARYANTO; SATYAWAN PUDYATMOKO; Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan; Jusup Subagja; I Wayan Suana; Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar Wangsajati Sukmaring Kalih; Junita Hardini; JOBNICO SUBAGIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211002

Abstract

Abstract. Sudaryanto FX, Pudyatmoko S, Djohan TS, Subagja J, Suana IW, Kalih LATTWS, Hardini J, Subagio J. 2020. Daily activity, diet, and habitat of Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi) in Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4474-4482. Endemic Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi) has a very high risk of extinction in its natural habitat. Bali Barat National Park (BBNP) and other NGO's have conducted various conservation activities, such as breeding and release, community development, environmental improvement, and awareness program. Breeding and release have already been applied in Nusa Penida out of its original habitat. To support the conservation of Bali myna, basic ecological data are needed, eg. daily activities, habitat profile, home range, and interspecific interaction. This study aimed to meet the needs of these vegetation profiles. We collected data from 2013 to 2015. Daily activities were observed on a couple of Bali myna in a nest box at agroforestry area. Habitat profile was determined by analyzing vegetation at their foraging, nesting, and resting areas, using a quadrate plot of 20 x 20 m2. To estimate the home range, of the Bali myna, we recorded 700 points of perching of these birds, by using Global Positioning System, and analyzed using Convex Polygon Method. Their interaction with other animals was carried out at their foraging, nesting, and roosting areas. Daily activities of the Bali myna in Nusa Penida are predominantly recorded in agroforestry areas, so its home range is relatively narrow, at 3.9 ha. The food types of Bali myna in Nusa Penida were fruits, insects, and nectar flowers. Sucking on nectar flower is the first report here. The vegetation profile of nesting and foraging area for Bali myna consists of one layer of thick and dense canopy, while the vegetation profile of resting area is not too dense, which is composed of two canopy layers. Bali myna's interactions with other animals for competition, predation, and mutualistic symbiosis. These data are expected to be used to make decisions in order to conserve Bali myna in Nusa Penida.
Short Communication: The physical and chemical properties of nipah (Nypa fructicans) frond as an alternative feed for ruminants in Indonesia Muhammad Afdal; Teja Kaswari; Saitul Fakhri; Heni Suryani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211034

Abstract

Abstract. Afdal M, Kaswari T, Fakhri S, Suryani H. 2020. Short Communication: The physical and chemical properties of nipah (Nypa fructicans) frond as an alternative feed for ruminants in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4714-4718. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties, as well as the degradation of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM), of nipah (Nypa fructicans Wurmb.) frond, in view of its potency as an alternative source of feed. Samples of nipah frond were collected from the Sub-district of Geragai and Nipah Panjang, Indonesia, representing lowland brackish and coastal areas, respectively. All samples were explored to reveal their physical and chemical properties, degradation of DM and OM, and total gas production. The t test was applied to compare parameters between the Geragai and Nipah Panjang areas. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in frond weight and leaf weight between the two sample locations. The length of frond and the length from base to first leaf of nipah was significantly different (P < 0.05) between both locations. The number of leaves in one frond and the number of fruit in one bunch were highly significant different (P < 0.01) between the two sample regions. The DM and OM degradation of nipah fronds and leaves were not significantly different (P > 0.05). between Geragai and Nipah Panjang, while the DM and OM degradation of nipah leaves were also not significantly different (P > 0.05). However, total gas production from the leaves and fronds were highly significantly different (P < 0.01) between Geragai and Nipah Panjang. It can be summarized that the physical properties and chemical composition of the fronds and leaves of nipah in these areas are similar except for the length between base and the first leaf, the number of leaves, and the number of fruit in a single bunch, which were different. In terms of DM and OM degradation, there were no differences between the lowland brackish area and the coastal area, except for in terms of total gas production, which was significantly different between the two sample locations.
Culturable gut bacteria of Ikan Batak (Neolissochilus sumatranus Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) collected in Toba Samosir, Indonesia Achmad Dinoto; Rini Handayani; Ninu Setianingrum; Heddy Julistiono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211003

Abstract

Abstract. Dinoto A, Handayani R, Setianingrum N, Julistiono H. 2020. Culturable gut bacteria of Ikan Batak (Neolissochilus sumatranus Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) collected in Toba Samosir, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4483-4488. Ikan Batak (Neolissochilus sumatranus Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) is one of the fish species that is rarely found in water and have the status of endangered species. In consequence, the loss of endemic fish may contribute to the loss of microorganisms that inhabits the fish as a host. The studies on microorganisms associated with N. sumatranus are very limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the culturable bacteria isolated from the gut of N. sumatranus. Sampling of N. sumatranus was carried out in a river within Toba Samosir area which flows to Lake Toba. Fish gut content was collected for isolating microorganisms using three media, including MRS, 10X diluted MRS, and MRS supplemented with 1% bile salt. Thirteen isolates were successfully isolated and identified based on 16S rRNA. This study revealed various species of gut bacteria recovered from N. sumatranus based on BLAST analysis. The isolates showed closest relationship to species Bacillus subtilis (3 isolates),  Bacillus tequilensis (2 isolates), Tumebacillus ginsengisoli (6 isolates), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 isolate), and Lactobacillus pentosus (1 isolate) with the similarity ranging at  98.7 to 100%. All 16S rRNA gene nucleotides of isolates have been submitted to GenBank. This study also described the isolates that have a very close relationship with Bacillus tequilla and Bacillus subtilis. Further identification is challenged to obtain a  big picture of the diversity of microorganisms and the functionality in the digestive ecosystem of N. sumatranus for their conservation and bioprospecting of microbial-based aquaculture.
Short Communication: Pattern of antibiotic resistance on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes producing Escherichia coli on laying hens in Blitar, Indonesia FRESHINTA JELLIA WIBISONO; BAMBANG SUMIARTO; TRI UNTARI; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; DIAN AYU PERMATASARI; ADIANA MUTAMSARI WITANINGRUM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211022

Abstract

Abstract. Wibisono FJ, Sumiarto B, Untari T, Effendi MH, Permatasari DA, Witaningrum AM. 2020. Short Communication: Pattern of antibiotic resistance on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes producing Escherichia coli on laying hens in Blitar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4631-4635. The aims of this study were to determine the susceptibility pattern of phenotypic antibiotics on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) genes and genotype profiles of ESBL producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from cloacal samples of laying hens in Blitar. A total of 165 cloacal swab samples were successfully isolated 145 E. coli strains during the study taken from 5 subdistricts in Blitar. All the strains were examined for antibiotic resistance patterns by disk diffusion method with double-disk synergy test (DDST), followed testing with VITEK® 2 methods, molecular identification of ESBL coding genes using PCR. The results of this study showed that the characterization of nucleotide analysis from PCR amplification of ESBL-producing E. coli bacteria isolated from laying hens in Blitar showed that eight isolates were the dominant of CTX gene, followed by the TEM encoding gene of two isolates, and the SHV coding gene as much as one isolate. The presence of more than 1 encoding genes in the E. coli bacterial isolate was seen in 1 isolate, where the isolate carried the CTX gene and the SHV gene as well. All ESBL producing E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone, and these ESBL isolates were more than 70% resistant to gentamicin, aztreonam, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. These results indicated that poultry is a potential reservoir for ESBL-producing E. coli. The presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry requires strengthening antibiotic policy. This is important because the regulation of antibiotic use in poultry is gaining momentum to increase animal productivity and food safety in Blitar, Indonesia.
Effect of genotype, concentration and timing of salicylic acid application to Phalaenopsis against Dickeya dadantii infection I Putu Wahyu Sanjaya; Dewi Sukma; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Ming-Tsair Chan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210950

Abstract

Abstract. Sanjaya IPW, Sukma D, Sudarsono, Chan MT. 2020. Effect of genotype, concentration and timing of salicylic acid application to Phalaenopsis against Dickeya dadantii infection. Biodiversitas 21: 4317-4323. Soft-rot because of Dickeya dadantii (Dd) infection is one of the most difficult to control, affecting the cultivation of Phalaenopsis in tropical regions. Salicylic acid (SA) is known as an inducer of resistance against pathogens in some plant species. The study aim to identify the effects of genotypes, concentrations, and timing of salicylic acid application to Phalaenopsis against D. dadantii inoculation. In experiment 1, eight Phalaenopsis genotypes were treated by SA at doses of 0 and 60 ppm and then inoculated with D. dadantii. At a dose of 60 ppm, SA did not increase the resistance to D. dadantii in any genotypes. In experiment 2, a representative of a very susceptible genotype (P. amabilis) was treated with high SA concentrations (60, 360, and 720 ppm). The results demonstrated that at SA concentrations of 360 and 720 ppm, slightly increase P. amabilis resistance to D. dadantii. In experiment 3, the most effective SA concentration (720 ppm) was used at 2, 3, 5, or 7 days after SA treatment. The timing of the SA application did not affect the resistance of P. amabilis to D. dadantii. The present study shows that SA concentrations up to 60 ppm did not inhibit D. dadantii infection. Nevertheless, such inhibition was observed at a high SA dose (720 ppm) for a short period.
Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations Careca Sepdihan Rahmat Hidayatullah; edi Santosa; Didy Sopandie; Arief Hartono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211012

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayatullah CSR, Santosa E, Sopandie D, Hartono A. 2020. Phenotypic plasticity of eddoe and dasheen taro genotypes in response to saturated water and dryland cultivations. Biodiversitas 21: 4550-4557.  The phenotypic plasticity of dasheen and eddoe taro genotypes was evaluated based on growth and yield characters to select proper genotypes in response to climate change. The study was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Bogor, Indonesia from May to October 2019. Dasheen (Talas Sutra and Talas Bentul) and eddoe genotypes (S28 and S19) were planted in saturated water cultivation (SWC) and dryland cultivation (DC). DC relied on rainwater, and SWC was manipulated dryland by flooding. SWC promoted vigorous growth and tuber weight, irrespective of genotypes. Increasing taro biomass production in SWC was supported by higher photosynthetic rate, leaf number, and size. Dasheen genotypes produced higher tuber weight than the eddoe in SWC, conversely, the eddoe tended to produced heavier tuber than the dasheen in DC; indicating phenotypic plasticity is strongly affected by soil moisture and genotype. The dasheen had more plastic growth and yield characters to soil moisture than the eddoe genotypes, with plasticity level, ranging from low to very high. Taro had high resiliency to multiple abiotic stresses, e.g. flood, and drought. Considering the marketable value of the yield, dasheen and eddoe genotypes are recommended in flooding and drought-prone areas, respectively.
The diversity, population, ecology and conservation status of waterbirds in the wetland of Bangpu Nature Education Center, Thailand Chanate Wanna; DONLA WASAN; YOKCHOM PISARUT; SOI-AMPORNKUL RUNGTIP
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210862

Abstract

Abstract. Chanate W, Wasan D, Pisarut Y, Rungtip S. 2020. The diversity, population, ecology, and conservation status of waterbirds in the wetland of Bangpu Nature Education Center, Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 3910-3918. Wetlands are a crucial habitat for waterbirds as they provide feeding and breeding sites and increase survival rates during the non-breeding season. This study aimed to update the status of waterbirds in Bangpu Nature Education Center, Samut Prakarn Province, Thailand by evaluating the species diversity and abundance. The ground count survey was conducted at 3 habitats: mangrove forest, mudflat, and bungalow accommodation from March to October 2017. A total of 34 waterbird species classified under 5 orders, 8 families, and 22 genera were observed. The majority of waterbird species (23 species) were found in the mudflat area with the least number (12 species) observed in the bungalow accommodation location. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’) showed that the mudflat area had significantly greater diversity compared with the other sites. The mudflat area also had the greatest species richness (D) (2.89) and species evenness index (E) (0.38), respectively. The Sorensen similarity index (CS) indicated that the greatest similarity in species (66.67%) was found between the mangrove and bungalow areas. A total of 6 residents, 20 migratory species, and 8 species with both resident and migratory populations were found with 4 species classified as abundant, 3 as common, 15 as moderately common, and 12 as uncommon species identified. In addition, the conservation status of waterbirds is becoming increasingly important with 5 near-threatened species (NT) already identified according to IUCN, 2016 and Red Data of Thailand, 2007, consisting of Heteroscelus brevipes, Limosa limosa, Numenius arquata, Mycteria leucocephala and Vanellus cinereus. It is recommended that monitoring the conservation status of the Bangpu wetlands should be continued to maintain waterbird diversity.

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