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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Majalah Obat Tradisional The Indonesian Biomedical Journal JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Majalah Patologi Indonesia Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Narra J Indonesian Journal of Cancer Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran (JURRIKE) The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Journal of Innovative and Creativity Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia

Kusmardi Kusmardi

Departemen Patologi Anatomik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia Jakarta

Author-ID : 450273

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes dan Peranannya pada Karsinoma Payudara Ditha Diana; Kusmardi
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 29 No 1 (2020): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Infiltration of T lymphocyte cells in tumor tissue is a good prognosis in cancer patients. The infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL) tumor is the phenotype of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes that infiltrate tumors. TIL can have abeneficial effect as well as a detrimental effect on breast carcinoma. There are three subtypes of T lymphocytes thatinfiltrate tumors which are T-helper (Th), T-citotoxic (Tc) and T-regulators (Treg). The role of Th lymphocytes in tumorimmunity can be divided into three phases, that are the initial induction phase, the phase maintaining the Tc responseas an effector and the memory formation phase. Th lymphocytes will secrete cytokines that can stimulate tumor cellsto increase the expression of MHC class I molecules, so that it will further optimize the function of Tc lymphocyticcytotoxicity which has the most dominant role in cytolytic tumor cells. Treg lymphocytes effectively suppressantitumor responses from Tc lymphocytes and other immune cells so that they can facilitate tumor development. Inbreast carcinoma, Treg lymphocytes have a different influence on each of the cancer subtypes.

Analisis Ekspresi P53 pada Karsinoma Urotelial Kandung Kemih Derajat Rendah dan Derajat Tinggi serta Hubungannya dengan Stadium Tumor Imelda Setiana Silitonga; Budiana Tanurahardja; Kusmardi
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 30 No 2 (2021): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

BackgroundUrothelial carcinoma is the most common bladder malignancy in men. Risk factors include smoking, chemicals exposure, radiation,schistosoma hematobium infection. P53 mutation is the most common mutation in urothelial bladder carcinoma that cause p53 proteinaccumulation which are detected through immunohistochemical examination. The aim of this study is to analyze the differencesbetween p53 expression in low and high grade urothelial and the carcinomas association of p53 expression with tumor stage.MethodsThis was a cross sectional study with 47 cases (22 cases of low grade and 25 cases of high grade) urothelial carcinoma in AnatomicalPathology Department Faculty Medicine of Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (FKUI/RSCM) in 2009-2017. Allcases stained with p53 antibody with immunohistochemical methods with positive cut off ≥20%.ResultsP53 positive expression are found in 33 samples, 20 cases of high grade and 13 cases in low grade; 22 cases of Nonmuscle invasivebladder cancer and 11 cases of Muscle invasive bladder cancer.ConclusionThe expression of p53 in low grade and high grade urotelial carcinoma of the bladder and its association with tumor stage showed nosignificant difference.

Peran Sel T Memori dalam Pengendalian Pandemi Covid-19 Kusmardi; Dimas Ramadhian N; Irandi P Pratomo; Aryo Tedjo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 30 No 2 (2021): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

ABSTRACTEvaluation of changes in antibody orders is a common exclusion in vaccination strategies because of the method ofanalysis. The fact that protection by antibodies produced by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2(Sars-Cov-2) infection both naturally and through vaccines will decrease in less than one year, is a challenge for acountry with a large population like Indonesia to run its vaccination program. The main challenge is whether thevaccination strategy adopted will overcome the vaccine barrier and the race between the rate of vaccination and therate of viral mutation and antibody reduction. In addition to antibodies, the adaptive immune system is also run by Tcells that are included in the cell-mediated immune system (CMI) group. In patients with asymptomatic or mildsymptoms of Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19), T and CMI responses are known to appear in some patients who are notknown to have been exposed to Sars-Cov-2 before. This evidence suggests that the adaptive catastrophe for SarsCov-2 has been acquired by ordering memory T cells and may last longer than previously thought. For countries withlarge populations, this will certainly help overcome the limitations of vaccines and the time needed to implement theirvaccination strategies.

Penilaian Indeks Apoptosis Karsinoma Medular Payudara pada Sediaan Eksisi/Mastektomi dan Simulasi Core Biopsy Erwina Muhadi; Endang SR. Hardjolukito; Kusmardi Kusmardi
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 24 No 2 (2015): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (294.711 KB)

Latar belakang Akibat gambaran morfologik dan imunohistokimia yang tumpang tindih, sulit dibedakan antara karsinoma medular dan karsinoma invasif no special type (NST) dengan gambaran medular derajat 3. Padahal kedua entitas tersebut memiliki perbedaan tata laksana dan prognosis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis penggunaan indeks apoptosis (IA) untuk mempertajam diagnosis karsinoma payudara medular secara obyektif. Metode Penelitian retrospektif analitik secara potong lintang telah dilakukan terhadap 20 kasus karsinoma medular dan 20 kasus karsinoma invasif NST derajat 3. Penilaian indeks apoptosis dilakukan dengan metode terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate in situ nick endlabeling (TUNEL). Kedua kasus dilakukan simulasi core biopsy. Indeks apoptosis antara kedua kasus dibandingkan dan dihitung titik potongnya. Hasil Indeks apoptosis pada karsinoma medular lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan karsinoma invasif NST derajat 3 (p=0,001). Berdasarkan kurva ROC, didapatkan titik potong yang optimal pada IA 1,25. Uji kappa terhadap keselarasan sediaan simulasi core biopsy dan eksisi/mastektomi mendapatkan hasil 0,3. Kesimpulan Indeks apoptosis digunakan untuk mempertajam diagnosis karsinoma medular payudara pada sediaan eksisi/mastektomi. Indeks Apoptosis sediaan simulasi core biopsy tidak selaras dengan eksisi/mastektominya sehingga penggunaannya pada core biopsy dapat membantu jika IA>1,25 dengan morfologi mencurigakan karsinoma medular. Kata kunci : core biopsy, indeks apoptosis, karsinoma invasif NST, TUNEL.

Deteksi High Risk Human Papilloma Virus pada Jaringan Adenoma dan Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal di FKUI/RSCM Wiwiek Ernajanti; Diah Rini Handjari; Kusmardi Kusmardi; Yusra Yusra
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 26 No 2 (2017): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (296.27 KB)

Latar belakangKarsinoma kolorektal merupakan tumor ganas ketiga di dunia. Sembilan puluh lima persen karsinoma kolorektal merupakan adenokarsinoma yang berasal dari lesi prekursor adenoma. Dilaporkan 15%-20% karsinoma terkait dengan infeksi virus. Virus yang diduga berhubungan dengan karsinoma kolorektal adalah human papilloma virus (HPV) dan tipe tersering adalah 16 dan 18. Hubungan antara HPV dan karsinoma kolorektal masih menjadi perdebatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan prevalensi infeksi HPV pada adenoma dan adenokarsinoma kolorektal di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM Jakarta dengan menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR).MetodePemeriksaaan DNA HPV pada 33 kasus adenoma dan 33 kasus adenokarsinoma kolorektal dengan teknik nested PCR MY/GP dan elektroforesis. Pada kasus dengan hasil HPV positif, dilanjutkan PCR menggunakan primer spesifik HPV 16 dan HPV 18. Subjek penelitian berasal dari Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM.HasilSatu dari 33 kasus (3,0%) adenoma dan 3 dari 33 kasus (9,1%) adenokarsinoma positif infeksi HPV. Satu kasus adenoma positif HPV bukan merupakan tipe 16 dan 18. Satu kasus adenokarsinoma dengan positif HPV merupakan tipe 16, 2 kasus merupakan gabungan tipe 16 dan 18.KesimpulanPrevalensi infeksi HPV pada adenokarsinoma lebih tinggi dibandingkan adenoma kolorektal. Tipe HPV pada kasus adenokarsinoma kolorektal merupakan tipe 16 dan 18.

Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Fibrinogen, and D-dimer in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcome Atmaja, Fredy Wirya; Adiyanti, Sri Suryo; Kristanty, Diyah; Dwira, Surya; Kusmardi, Kusmardi
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Vol. 3, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be associated with coagulopathy and DIC. This study aimed to investigate the profiles and differences of PT, APTT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer in COVID- 19 outcome. This retrospective cohort was conducted at Central Laboratory Clinical Pathology Department of dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July – December 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from EHR and compared between poor and good outcome. Ninety-seven subjects were confirmed positive COVID-19, 45 of whom (46.4%) were in poor outcome group, while 52 subjects (53.6%) were in good outcome group. Median of PT 11.0” (9.7-28.3), APTT 38.4” (23.9-121), fibrinogen 484.8 mg/dL (51.2-940.9), and D-dimer 1,800 µg/L (190-35,200). Longer PT, APTT, and higher D-dimer (p < 0.05), while lower fibrinogen (p > 0.05) was found in poor outcome group. There were significant differences of PT, APTT and D-dimer in COVID-19 outcome.

Moringa oleifera Leaves Ethanol Extract Inhibits HT-29 Cells and COX-2 Expression Predictably Through PPARγ Activation Tedjo, Aryo; Aprilliyani, Ifana; Kusmardi, Kusmardi; Megawati, Ajeng; Noor, Dimas Ramadhian
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.89037

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death among all cancer cases worldwide. Cancer cells often exhibit overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), producing prostaglandin E2 (PEG2) and subsequent inflammation and neoplasia. Moringa oleifera is rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract on COX-2 expression in HT-29 cells. Dried M. oleifera leaves (5 g) were ethanol-macerated for 24 hours, yielding a 10 mg ethanol extract. MTT inhibition is used for immunocytochemistry evaluation of COX-2 expression. Molecular docking of phenolic compounds from the extract on PPARγ indicated an agonistic potential. The ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves demonstrated anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 114.8 µg/ml, with a significant reduction in COX-2 expression observed at a dose of 100 ppm, resulting in an H-score of 111.83 ± 2.21. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) activity is thought to be the first step in suppressing COX-2 expression. Three phenolic compounds found in M. oleifera are predicted to be PPARγ agonists: rutin, naringin, and hesperidin, according to the molecular docking simulations.

Potential of Malang Robusta Coffee Beans as Anti-breast Cancer In-Vitro Utami, Novi Fajar; Elya, Berna; Hayun, Hayun; Kusmardi, Kusmardi; Nur, Syamsu; Fajriati, Annisa
FITOFARMAKA: JURNAL ILMIAH FARMASI Vol 13, No 2 (2023): FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jf.v13i2.8922

Robusta coffee from Malang Regency, East Java is one of the superior products of the largest coffee-producing region in Indonesia. The coffee has high antioxidants. The component that acts as an antioxidant is the tannin content, and these tannins are also anti-cancer. Using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method the tannin content in Malang Robusta coffee beans is known and then to measure its ability as an anticancer in-vitro against breast cancer cells using MCF-7. The results showed that the tannin contained in Malang Robusta coffee bean extract was 2.81 % and inhibited MCF-7 at 400 µg/mL, it has potential as an anticancer with an inhibition value of 68.88 %. Therefore, the use of Robusta coffee from Malang at this concentration can be used as an anti-breast cancer agent.

Annona muricata Leaves Extract Inhibit Carcinogenesis and Regulates Inflammatory Responses in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Mice Indrawati, Lili; Kusmardi, Kusmardi
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 25, No 2 (2024): VOLUME 25, NUMBER 2, August, 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/2522024309

Background: Colon cancer is a major public health problem. The present study was conducted to determine the inhibitory effect of Annona muricata leaves on carcinogenesis and inflammation in the colorectal preneoplasia development of mice.Methods: The effect of Ethanol Insoluble Fraction of Annona muricata water extract (EIFAM) was examined on the preneoplastic lesions (aberrant crypt foci), polyps and tumors induced by the carcinogenic agent azoxymethane (10 mg/kg), followed by administered of 1% DSS during a week in drinking water. (EIFAM)was administered orally in three different doses (200 mg/kgBW (low dose), 400 mg/kgBW (medium dose), and 800 mg/kgBW (high dose)) in each group of mice per day until the mice were terminated. The expression of Caspase, COX-2, and β-catenin were observed in the epithelial cells of colon mucosa crypts.Results: The effects of the extract on various organs’ inflammatory markers varies. COX lowering effect of high dose is significant in liver. Medium dose has significant catenin lowering effect on jejenum, colon, and brain. While the medium and high dose have significant catenin lowering effect on duodenum, heart, and kidney respectively. Histological assessment was done in a blinded fashion to avoid bias. Our results indicate that multiple organ dysplasia was induced with azoxymethane (AOM) in male Swiss Webster mice. The effect of A. muricata extract administration showed significant result only on heart. The activity of caspase showed no significant effect on all organs when treated with the extracts as compared to untreated group.Conclusions: Ethanol-insoluble fraction of Annona muricata (EIFAM) leaves water extract is potential to be an anti-colon cancer proven by the extract capability to reduce inflammatory responses.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antioxidant Activities of Tetracera indica (Christm. and Panz.) Merr Ladeska, Vera; Elya, Berna; Hanafi, Muhammad; Kusmardi; Rohmat, Siti Saudah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.836-853

The community uses Tetracera indica (Christm. and Panz.) Merr extensively as a traditional medicine. This plant was the main source of raw materials for herbal medicinal products, so identification was needed to ensure its authenticity through pharmacognosy evaluation. The present study evaluated macros- and microscopic characteristics, performed phytochemical analysis, and performed total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) analysis. The organoleptic and macroscopic studies were carried out through sensory organs. The microscopic characteristics of leaf powder and twigs identification using chloral hydrate and distilled water. Numerous chemical reagents, TLC methods and LC-MS/MS analysis were employed in the phytochemical study. Research employed DPPH and FRAP tests to assess the antioxidant activity. Furthermore, quercetin was used as a marker of antioxidant activity. The morphological marker of the leaf T. indica showed the surface of the leaves is rough bristles, shape elliptic-oblong, margin serratus and phyllotaxy alternate. The stem is lignosus, and the rough stem surface is slightly peeling. The lower leaf surface had paracytic stomata and uniseriate trichomes with tapering ends. Raphide crystals and cork cells were detected in the powder analysis of the twigs. The ethyl acetate extract's twig had the highest TPC and TFC values. Ethyl acetate extract from Tetracera indica twigs has potent antioxidant activity with IC50 = 99.84±0.011 µg/ml (DPPH) and 4296.67±0.024 mol/g (FRAP). The study showed that Tetracera indica contains possible active components that could be developed as novel antioxidants. The result of this study might provide early verification and identification to obtain quality medicinal raw materials.

Co-Authors . Syamsudin Adisti Dwijayanti Alfred Pakpahan, Alfred Aniati Murni Anwar S. Ibrahim Anwar S. Ibrahim Aprilliyani, Ifana Ariadi Humardhani Ariffandi, Bagas Arleni Bustami Aryo Tedjo Athifa, Khasna Fayza Atmaja, Fredy Wirya Azizah, Norma N. Berna Elya Budiana Tanurahardja Dewi Sukmawati Diah Rini Handjari Dian Ratih Laksmitawati Dimas Ramadhian N Ditha Diana Ditha Diana Dwira, Surya Dwitia Wulandari Endang SR. Hardjolukito Endang Sri Roostini Hardjolukito Enif Esti Triana Ening Krisnuhoni Erlina, Linda Erwina Muhadi Fadhillah, Muhamad Rizqy Fadilah Fadilah, Fadilah Fajriati, Annisa Hamdani Zain Hanum, Sitti Fatimah Hashim, Najihah M. Hayun Hayun, Hayun Hendig Winarno Heri Wibowo Heru Suhartanto Hikariastri, Pangartika Imelda Setiana Silitonga Irandi Putra Pratomo Ismalasari, Wahyu Jasni Mohammad Zain Khatimah, Nurul Gusti Kristanty, Diyah Ladeska, Vera Landyyun Rahmawan Sjahid Landyyun Rahmawan Sjahid Lestari, Tri Wahyuni Lili Indrawati Lubis, Nadar Sukri Megawati, Ajeng Muhammad Hanafi Murtiani, Farida Nina Yolanda Putri Noor, Dimas Ramadhian Novi Fajar Utami Nurdin, Wildawati Peni Kistijani Samsuria Putri Reno Intan Putri, Rizky Clarinta Rani Wardani Hakim Rino Patiatta Rohmat, Siti Saudah Shirly Kumala Sibli, Sibli Sri S. Ningsih, Sri S. Sri Suryo Adiyanti, Sri Suryo Surya Dwira Syamsu Nur, Syamsu Toto Haryanto Triana, Novi Virhan Novianry Vivi Setiawaty Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Ismalasari Wawaimuli Arozal Widiantari, Aninda Dinar Wiwiek Ernajanti Wiyanto, Marwito Yulhasri Yulhasri Yusoff, Marina Yusra Yusra

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