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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
Reptiles in the Pontianak and Kubu Raya Residental Area, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Anandita Eka Setiadi; HANUM MUKTI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220725

Abstract

Abstract. Setiadi AE, Rahayu HM. 2021. Reptiles in the Pontianak and Kubu Raya Residental Area, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2763-2770. The increase in population is directly proportional to housing needs. Expansion of residential areas can threaten the diversity of reptiles in West Kalimantan. This study aims to inventory and identify the diversity of reptiles in residential areas in Pontianak and Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan province, Indonesia. This research gives a better understanding of reptilian urban species to support monitoring and evaluation of biodiversity in West Kalimantan. This research uses the descriptive exploratory method. Four study areas were selected based on a proportion of impervious surfaces. Data collection used the VES (Visual Encounter Survey). Identification refers to Reptile field guides and identification books. The data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively, the level reptile diversity was analyzed using the Shannon Diversity Index, and the similarities of reptiles between the residential area in Pontianak and Kubu Raya were assessed using the Jaccard similarity coefficient. The results showed, from 50 individual reptiles found in Pontianak and Kubu Raya, there were 13 reptile species from the order Squamata and the order Testudines. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index of 2.26 and Jaccard similarity coefficient 0.384, indicating that the level of diversity of reptile species in the two study areas is classified as moderate.
Structural elucidation of the exopolysaccharide produced by Curvularia lunata isolate RJ01 JAY JAYUS; ROBBY AKROMAN; NURHAYATI NURHAYATI; ARI SATIA NUGRAHA; BAMBANG PILUHARTO; ROBERT JAMES SEVIOUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220530

Abstract

Abstract. Jayus J, Akroman R, Nurhayati, Nugraha AS, Piluharto B, Seviour RJ. 2021. Structural elucidation of the exopolysaccharide produced by Curvularia lunata isolate RJ01. Biodiversitas 22: 2699-2705. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was recovered from culture filtrates of the fungus Curvularia lunata isolate RJ01 prepared in Jember, Indonesia. Based on a prominent peak at 883 cm-1, FTIR analysis suggested it is a ?-D-glucan, a proposal confirmed by subsequent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis which showed anomeric protons omit the signal at d4.37 and 4.8 ppm, and sugar proton signal in the region of 2.5 to 4.2 ppm. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the acid hydrolysates of this glucan revealed the presence of glucose (64%) and a mixture of galactose and mannose (36%). Digestion with (1-->3)-?- and (1-->6)-?-glucanase from Acremonium sp. IMI 383068 gave consistent linear products of (1-->3)-?-glycosidic linkages, since the glucan was digested by (1-->3)-?-glucanase only. The rheological behavior of aqueous EPS solution suggests it behaves as a pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluid and thus has the potential for use as a thickening agent in foods. This study is the first report on the structural elucidation of EPS from C. lunata.
Genetic diversity among 24 clones of robusta coffee in Lampung based on RAPD markers Sri Ramadiana; Dwi Hapsoro; Rusdi Evizal; Kukuh Setiawan; Agus Karyanto; Yusnita Yusnita
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220614

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadiana S, Hapsoro D, Evizal R, Setiawan K, Karyanto A, Yusnita. 2021. Genetic diversity among 24 clones of robusta coffee in Lampung based on RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 22: 3122-3129. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity among 24 clones of Robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia, by use of RAPD markers. The clones consisted of 18 local and 6 BP clones. These BP clones were developed from a breeding program of The Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute. Genomic DNAs extracted from these clones were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and the amplified products were run using gel electrophoresis. Eleven random primers produced clear, reproducible, scorable bands. Fifty-four of 86 bands showed polymorphism and were used to construct a dendrogram based on UPGMA Jaccard's Similarity Coefficients. The genetic base of the population was narrow (average genetic similarity 68.4%), ranging from 26-93%. The genetic similarity of the local clones was higher than that of BP clones. The clones were clustered into five groups. Group 1 contained one clone (BP 534), while each of Group II-V contained more than one clone. The average genetic similarity of BP 534 to each clone of Group II-V was 41%. The genetic similarity of clones in Group II, III, IV, and V were 55.5%, 43.0%, 81.1%, and 80.1%, respectively. This research should be very useful for selecting parents in a breeding program to produce better clones of Robusta coffee.
Sponge community (Porifera) in coral reef ecosystem in Sabang, Aceh Province, Indonesia Elsa Dianita Aulia; Tri Aryono Hadi; Rizkie Satria Utama
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220647

Abstract

Abstract. Aulia ED, Hadi TA, Utama RS. 2021. Sponge community (Porifera) in coral reef ecosystem in Sabang, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3394-3402. Sponges are one of the most influential benthic organisms in coral reef ecosystems. Many studies about sponge communities have been carried out globally, from tropical to temperate regions. In Indonesia, however, sponge communities have not been adequately observed, especially their diversity and interaction with habitats. Sabang, a developing city located in the northwest of Indonesia, has a lack of information about benthic communities and no reports about sponges. This study investigated the sponge community (species richness, coverage, and morphological characters) and the interactions, both within sponges and with corals and substrates, in Sabang. The study found that the sponge richness (species and morphology) and coverage are categorized as poor, having only 24 species with seven morphologies, and coverage of 1.79 ± 1.03% (SE). The interaction analyses showed significant relationships occur among sponge variables but not between sponges and corals, nor between sponges and their substrates. These results could be attributed to the hydrodynamic-related stresses in Sabang, which are likely influenced by exposure to the open ocean, a condition that is less favorable to diversity and interaction. It is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of benthic communities in Sabang in order to better understand their stable state and detect any change over time.
Endophytic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of Phytophthora palmivora in the cocoa plant AGNES VIRGINIA SIMAMORA; MAYAVIRA VERONICA HAHULY; JULINDA BD Henuk
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220519

Abstract

Abstract. Simamora AV, Hahuly MV, Henuk JBD. 2021. Endophytic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of Phytophthora palmivora in the cocoa plant. Biodiversitas 22: 2601-2609. In Indonesia, the cocoa tree is one of the essential cultivation crops for farmers. Despite the importance of cocoa cultivation in Indonesia's economy, the productivity of this crop has declined. Cocoa black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) is one of the most severe diseases affecting this crop worldwide, with average annual losses above 40%. Instead of using manufactured chemicals, biological control is an effective and eco-friendly alternative control measure against plant pathogens. This work aimed to assess the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from healthy cocoa pods to control Phytophthora palmivora in vitro and in vivo. Endophytic fungal isolates were classified based on the morphological characteristics of their cultures and reproductive structures. All isolates found were tested to inhibit P. palmivora in the dual culture method, and the best 10 isolates were continued for detached pod assay. Then, the best five isolates (Aspergillus4, Aspergillus5, Aspergillus6, Fusarium6, Ramichloridium sp.) were evaluated for their capability to reduce P. palmivora in cocoa seedlings and in the field plants. Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Ramichloridium showed maximum activity against P. palmivora in dual culture, pod, and seedling assays. Nevertheless, when all these five isolates were applied in the field, they did not suppress the disease development.
The infection of ectoparasitic protozoa on farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at three reservoirs in Central Java, Indonesia Waleed Kolia; SUNARTO SUNARTO; TETRI WIDIYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220445

Abstract

Abstract. Kolia WSK, Sunarto, Widiyani T. 2021. The infection of ectoparasitic protozoa on farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at three reservoirs in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1975-1980. There is an expansion of fish culture in Indonesia, but there is a dearth of information on the parasitic infecting cultured fish. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of ectoparasitic protozoans on farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at three reservoirs (i.e., Cengklik, Mulur, and Gajah Mungkur) in Central Java, Indonesia, and to determine the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity of such parasites. A total of 189 samples were collected from different cages. The sex of the fishes was determined and their lengths and weights were measured. The gills, fins, and skin were examined for ectoparasitic protozoa using a light microscope. Among the examined fishes, 146 samples were infected at the rate of 77.2 %. Mulur reservoir had the highest prevalence rate with 90.4%, followed by Cengklik and Gajah Mungkur with 82.5 % and, 58.7%, respectively. We found female fishes were more susceptible to the infection than males. Seven parasite species were identified, namely: Tetrahymena corlissi, Apiosoma spp., Trichodina spp., Cryptobia spp., Chilodonella spp., Ambiphrya spp., and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. The protozoan parasite Trichodina spp. recorded the highest prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance among all the other protozoan species at the three reservoirs. The results provided a significant difference at (p<0.01) in the total number of parasites among the reservoirs. Despite the parasite infection, the physical and chemical parameters of the water of the three reservoirs were within the recommended range for the culture of Nile tilapia under the cage systems.
The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Sri Minarsih; Eko - Hanudin; Makruf Nurudin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220627

Abstract

Abstract. Minarsih S, Hanudin E, Nurudin M. 2021. The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3237-3244. The study was to propose earthworm as bioindicator and its correlation to the soil physicochemical properties underneath some perennial plants. Soil samples and earthworm observation was taken out at a depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm under the stands of Acacia decurrens, coffee, Albizia chinensis, bamboo, snake fruit, and Acacia mangium. Soil moisture, temperature and Physico-chemical properties were measured, such as texture, pH, organic C, mineralized C, total N, mineralized N, available P, and base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na). The results revealed that the earthworms density underneath of the stands of coffee was 105.4 ind.m-2 > snake fruit 92.6 ind.m-2 > Albizia chinensis  66.7 ind.m-2 > A. decurrens ? bamboo 40.7 ind.m-2 > A. mangium 37.0 ind.m-2. The dominant species of the earthworms found at a depth of 0-10 cm consisted of four species, namely: Pheretima hamayana, Pheretima californica, Eudrillus eugeniae, and Eiseniella tetraeda. Meanwhile, the earthworms diversity underneath the stands of coffee was H’=1.26 > A. mangium H’=1.03 > Albizia chinensis  H'=0.69 > ?H'=0.69 > bamboo H'=0.59. The soil physicochemical properties was positively correlated to the earthworms density was C-mineralized (r = 0.823) ? soil moisture (r = 0.585) ? available K (r = 0.529) ? available Ca (r = 0.505) ? available Mg (0.494). The results could be concluded that labile organic carbon, water, and alkaline cations were the important factors in improving soil biological fertility in the active volcano area.
Influence of edaphic factors on the structure and distribution of plant species in and around Mekeiman Marsh Wetland, Northeast of Algeria Moundji Touarfia; NOUREDDINE BOUALI; ABDELKADER DJOUAMAA; MOHAMED CHERIF MAAZI; MOUSSA HOUHAMDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220625

Abstract

Abstract. Touarfia M, Bouali N, Djouamaa Ak, Maazi MC, Houhamdi M. 2021. Influence of edaphic factors on the structure and distribution of plant species in and around Mekeiman Marsh Wetland, Northeast of Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 3219-3228. Understanding the environmental factors that influence plant species composition and distribution is essential for successful management of biodiversity. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to assess plant species composition and distribution in a freshwater wetland Mekeiman Marsh, Northeastern Algeria and to analyze the influence of environmental factors on local plant species. To explore the distribution of plant species in this Marsh and analyze their associations with edaphic soil factors, the mapping and types of plant species in this area were analyzed by MapInfo and principal component analysis (PCA) ordination. For this purpose, four stations were chosen according to a stratified sampling method and phytosociological surveys were carried out in 12 plots, which were sampled using the Braun- Blanquet method. Multivariate analyses were used to determine the relationship between plant species distribution and edaphic factors. The R i386 (version 4.0.3) software was used for data analysis. We have identified 48 plant species belonging to 21 families. Results of biological types in the study area revealed the dominance of hemicryptophytes and therophytes, which indicates the presence of therophytization in this Marsh. Spatial distribution maps showed that plant species were divided into two categories viz. sparse and scattered plants according to the humidity gradient. The most important edaphic factors associated with plant species in Mekeiman Marsh were Sodium, Phosphorus, active limestone, Magnesium, clay, organic matter, C/N and Azot. By combining mapping and influence of edaphic factors on the structure and distribution of plant species in this wetland, it was known that the plant assemblages of this Marsh make disproportionately important contributions to wetland-level diversity. By combining mapping and influence of edaphic factors on the structure and distribution of plant species in this wetland, the plant assemblages of this Marsh make disproportionately important contributions to wetland-level diversity.
Early growth evaluation and estimation of heritability in a sengon (Falcataria moluccana) progeny testing at Kediri, East Java, Indonesia aditya nugroho; DEDEN D. MATRA; ISKANDAR Z. SIREGAR; NOOR F. HANEDA; YUNIK ISTIKORINI; RIKA RAHMAWATI; YAHYA AMIN; ULFAH J. SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220534

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho A, Matra DD, Siregar IZ, Haneda NF, Istikorini Y, Rahmawati R, Amin Y, Siregar UJ. 2021. Early growth evaluation and estimation of heritability in a sengon (Falcataria moluccana) progeny testing at Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2728-2736. Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) is widely cultivated as a monoculture plantation in community forests that still poses a high risk of pest and disease attacks.  Although plants naturally show signs of resistance, there is still however a lack of understanding on the influence of relative plant resistance on growth due to environmental and genetic factors. This study was aimed to evaluate the early growth of a sengon progeny testing in Kediri, East Java and to estimate the genetic parameters with respect to its resistance and susceptibility to stem borer and rust disease. Progeny test was designed using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks as replications. Each block consists of 100 families which was grouped into two categories, 50 families for resistant group and 50 families for susceptible group. Observations were made at the age of 0 and 9 months after planting on 9 individuals per plot in each family. Growth characteristics were measured as germination (%), height (m), and diameter (cm). Results indicated that the sengon growth rate from resistant and susceptible plant groups showed a significant difference. Heritability values are classified as moderate, ranging between 0.107 to 0.133 and 0.102 to 0.150 for height and diameter variables, respectively. These information may be used for gradual selection by considering the appropriate intensity.
Phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains isolated from various community infections in Oum El Bouaghi city, Algeria AMINA RAHMANI; LAAREM MERADI; KARIMA MALAWI; FATMA KHANFOUF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220526

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmani A, Meradi L, Malawi K, Khanfouf F. 2021. Phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains isolated from various community infections in Oum El Bouaghi city, Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 2665-2671. In Algeria most community infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus present resistance to several antibiotics and induce therapeutic failures. The aim of this study is the characterization and the comparison of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus strains isolated from community infection in Oum El Bouaghi city, Algeria. Species identification was realized by conventional biochemical tests and the determination of antibiotics susceptibility pattern was realized by using the agar disk diffusion method, according to the recommendations of the French Society for Microbiology (FSM, 2019). A total of 102 Staphylococci strains were obtained from clinical samples, with a frequency of isolation of 57,8% for S. epidermidis and 42,2% for S. aureus, both strains present a resistance for most used antibiotics, the higher resistance was found for oxacillin in both strains with 25,6% for S. aureus and 42,4% for S. epidermidis. Multidrug-Resistance (MDR) phenotype was detected in 37,3% of S. epidermidis and 14% in S. aureus strains. In Algeria, new control policies should be adopted to prevent the further spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains, especially in the community

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