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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 299   300   301   302   303 
Species composition and distribution of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius genus and clinical symptoms due to envenomation in high-risk regions of southern Iran Mehran Shahi; Seyed Hamid Moosavy; Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd; Morteza Akbari; Javad Rafinejad
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220747

Abstract

Abstract. Shahi M, Moosavy SH, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Akbari M, Rafinejad J. 2021. Species composition and distribution of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius genus and clinical symptoms due to envenomation in high-risk regions of southern Iran. Biodiversitas 22: 2945-2951. The southern regions of Iran, including Hormozgan province, are high risk areas for scorpion stings. This study aimed to determine the distribution and species diversity of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius and also to determine the clinical symptoms of their bites in the high-risk areas of Hormozgan province. Scorpion sampling was carried out from Shahid Mohammadi and Koodakan hospitals in Bandar Abbas also filed areas of Bandar Abbas and Khamir counties by searching the scorpion's shelter throughout the day and using ultraviolet light at night. To determine the clinical symptoms, the data recorded in the patient's file were extracted and recorded in the sting checklists. Five species of the Hemiscorpius genus were identified. H. gaillardia and H. persicus are reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. Specific clinical symptoms after several hours of delayed were pain, swelling, itching, warmth, and edema, necrosis of the sting site, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fever. Complications such as urine discoloration, hemoglobinuria, severe hemolysis, and acute renal failure were observed. The results showed that envenomation with Hemiscorpius Scorpions should be considered as an urgent medical issue. 
Evaluation of heavy metal content in water and removal of metals using native isolated bacterial strains laila ibrahim; REZAN OMER RASHED; SIRWAN MUHSIN MUHAMMED
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220810

Abstract

Abstract. Saleh LIF, Rashed RO, Muhammed SM. 2021. Evaluation of heavy metal content in water and removal of metals using native isolated bacterial strains. Biodiversitas 22: 3163-3174. Natural surface water sources are susceptible to chemical contamination, including heavy metals. The goals of this study were to isolate naturally occurring heavy metal-tolerant bacteria by evaluating their ability to remove heavy metals from Tanjaro River and assessing the river’s water quality. The potency of bacteria to remove heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Co, and Fe) from the medium was conducted by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Results of physicochemical parameters of the water samples were as follows: temperature 11.9–31°C, pH 6.1–8.64, total dissolved solids 268–464 mg.l-1, total hardness 232–485 mg.l-1, and alkalinity 122–324.3 mg.l-1. The overall mean concentrations of the heavy metals were in the order of Zn >Cu> Pb> Ni> Co> Fe> Cr> Cd), with values of 0.086, 0.073, 0.71, 0.068, 0.051, 0.056, 0.031, and 0.024ppm, respectively Moreover, the concentrations were generally exceeded the water quality criteria of WHO in some observations. The isolates included both gram-negative (56.5%) and gram-positive (43.5%) bacteria. The isolates displayed different degrees of resistance to heavy metals with maximum tolerable concentrations (MTCs) ranging from (10-250) ppm. Bacillus safensis and Leucobacter chromiiresistens were respectively able to tolerate (80, 90 ppm) Cd, (250, 160 ppm) Pb, (210,100 ppm) Cr, (110, 90 ppm) Ni and (160, 170 ppm) Co, while, Proteus mirabilis could tolerate 90 ppm Cd. The isolates were able to remove 55.4%Pb, 53.1%Cr, 53.7%Ni, 47.7Fe, 61.4%Co, and 55.8% Cu from a medium supplemented with the mixture of these heavy metals. The finding of this study indicated that Tanjaro River was undergoing frequent changes in water quality. Native bacterial isolates possessed considerable tolerance to selected heavy metals, which provides promising candidates for use in bioremediation.
Plant knowledge richness in the Sundanese upland village: A case study in Sindangsari, West Java, Indonesia Rini Soemarwoto; Johan Iskandar
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220916

Abstract

Abstract. Soemarwoto R, Iskandar J. 2021. Plant knowledge richness in the Sundanese upland village: A case study in Sindangsari, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3722-3735. According to ecological history, Sundanese people of West Java, Indonesia, have highly rich knowledge of plants. However, due to population increase, rapid development of market economy, and rapid change of rural ecosystem, the local plants knowledge has tended to decrease rapidly. This research’s objective is to elucidate the plant knowledge richness of the Sundanese. The study was undertaken in the upland village of Sindangsari, West Java, using mixed-method with ethnobotanical approach, from July to August 2017, and March 2018. The study found 204 landraces which consisted of 181 species, representing 161 genera, and 70 families. The use of plants could be classified into food, spices, medicine, construction, ornament, cosmetic, commercial plants, fodder, industry, food color, erosion control, and social function. The highest secondary citations, that is plants for food and medicine, were known by less than 50% of respondents; other plants were hardly known, recognized only by 0.1% to 0.5% of respondents. The results showed little practical knowledge among the younger generation. The intensive mobility of young population between the village and the city induces intergenerational transfer of knowledge between old and young generations mainly through oral narratives. This study concludes that it is important to consider population mobility of the young generation to predict knowledge loss.
Biodiversity of epiphytic periphyton in the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo Estuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Nova L.I.M. Ogi; Endang Yuli Herawati; Yenny Risjani; Mohammad Mahmudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221118

Abstract

Abstract. Ogi NLIM, Herawati EY, Risjani Y, Mahmudi M. 2021. Biodiversity of epiphytic periphyton in the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo Estuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4857-4864. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of epiphytic periphyton on the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo estuary North Sulawesi Indonesia. The study was performed in three sampling points by using the line transect method with 50x50 cm2. The sampling points were located in front of the residential area, the mangrove forest, and in budo Cape. Seagrass and periphyton communities were analyzed for species density, relative frequency, diversity, evenness, and dominance index. Water quality and heavy metal Hg were also measured. The results showed that Cymodocea rotundata was the dominant seagrass based on species density and frequency distribution. Periphyton composition on the leaf of C. rotundata consisted of Bacillariophyceae (16 genera), Cyanophyceae (3 genera), Chlorophyceae (9 genera), Dinophyceae (1 genus), and Rhodophyceae (1 genus). The water quality, such as phosphate, current, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, and Hg content in the water, contributed to changing the environmental condition of Talawaan Bajo waters. Therefore, the efforts to manage coastal resource conservation in the Talawaan Bajo estuary require more concern from the government and stakeholders of Talawaan Bajo.
Genetic characteristics and strain types of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Indonesia ANIK BUDHI DHARMAYANTHI; VANI NUR OKTAVIANY SUBAGYO; R. TAUFIQ PURNA NUGRAHA; RAHMINI RAHMINI; CAHYO RAHMADI; DARMAWAN DARMAWAN; HARI SUTRISNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230809

Abstract

Abstract. Dharmayanthi AB, Subagyo VNO, Nugraha RTP, Rahmini, Rahmadi C, Darmawan, Sutrisno H. 2022. Genetic characteristics and strain types of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3928-3935. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is an invasive pest in the tropical region of the western hemisphere, which is globally distributed, including in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the genetic characteristics and strain types of the Indonesian population, based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. The haplotype diversity and phylogenetic trees were assessed according to the COI and COII gene sequences, where 381 bp of Tpi nuclear gene sequences were evaluated to define the strain types. The two haplotypes detected were within COI and COII, while the maximum likelihood tree based on COI gene sequences shows two clades related to rice and corn strain. Tpi gene sequences indicated that the populations belong to the corn strain, which suggested COI as a promising marker when complex inter-strain hybridization has not occurred. It was also discovered that mitochondrial and nuclear markers are inconsistent to define the strains.
Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Dengke Naniura of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against diarrhea-causing pathogenic bacteria Nasri Nasri; Urip Harahap; Jansen Silalahi; Denny Satria
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220802

Abstract

Abstract. Nasri, Harahap U, Silalahi J, Satria D. 2021. Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Dengke Naniura of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against diarrhea-causing pathogenic bacteria. Biodiversitas 22: 3098-3104. Diarrhea is the discharge of liquid or watery stools 3 to 4 times a day caused by a bacterial infection. Treatments for diarrhea are probiotics, which have a beneficial effect on the health of the host such as antibacterial. Traditional Batak Toba fermented food, Dengke Naniura, is a source of probiotics. This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and leakage of DNA and protein from lactic acid bacteria against pathogens. Isolation of LAB was obtained from Dengke Naniura by pour plate method on deMann Rogosa and Sharpe Agar + CaCO3 1%. In this study, Characterization and analysis of bacterial sequencing used Polymerase Chain Reaction. Determination of MIC used the agar diffusion method. The MBC test used the streaking method which was a stroke from the inhibition zone formed. DNA and protein leakage was measured using spectrophotometry UV-VIS (260nm and 280nm). The isolation results obtained were Lactobacillus fermentum, the characterization showed that the bacteria were Gram-positive, bacilli, non-sporing, catalase-negative, and able to ferment sugar. The MIC determination was obtained at a concentration of 10%v/v with a clear zone diameter. Determination of MBC against pathogens was obtained at different concentrations. The results of DNA and protein leakage showed an increased absorption (260nm and 280nm).
The affinity of mangrove species using Association and Cluster Index in North Coast of Jakarta and Segara Anakan of Cilacap, Indonesia Endang Hilmi; Lilik Kartika Sari; Tri Nur Cahyo; Muslih MUSLIH; Arif Mahdiana; Sesilia Rani Samudra
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220743

Abstract

Abstract. Hilmi E, Sari LK, Cahyo TN, Muslih, Mahdiana A, Samudra SR. 2021. The affinity of mangrove species using Association and Cluster Index in North Coast of Jakarta and Segara Anakan of Cilacap, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2907-2920. The affinity of mangrove species using association and cluster index describe relationship among mangrove species. The species association and clustering explain the degree of utilization of resources and space by mangrove species. The association and cluster also describe specific species adaptation in mangrove ecosystems. This paper was aimed to analyze species affinity using association and clustering index of mangrove species. The association index used Chi-square equation and the clustered index used Euclidian distance analysis. The results showed that (i) mangrove density in Segara Anakan (166-4000 trees ha-1) > North Jakarta (220-1100 trees ha-1). (ii) Nypa fruticans, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora stylosa and Rhizophora apiculata dominated in Segara Anakan of Cilacap, and Rhizophora stylosa and Avicennia marina dominated in North Jakarta (iii) The association index had 12 pairs of negative species association and 17 pairs of positive species association, but most of mangrove vegetations had no association. (iv) mangrove ecosystem in Segara Anakan and North Jakarta had four clusters with Euclidean distance (ED score) 484 to describe cluster between Bruguiera parviflora-Bruguiera sexangula until 76430847 to describe cluster among Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Exoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruticans, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia caseolaris
Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia Uswatun Hasanah; Hadisunarso Hadisunarso; Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221132

Abstract

Abstract. Hasanah U, Hadisunarso, Praptosuwiryo TN. 2021. Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4968-4976. Epiphytic ferns are a significant component of tropical forests worldwide and contribute significantly to the high species diversity found in tropical regions. Tree ferns are important phorophytes for the establishment and occurrence of epiphytic fern species in tropical forests. The first detailed description of the diversity and abundance of epiphytic ferns on the tree fern Cyathea junghuhniana (Kunze) Copel.  in a natural forest of Indonesia is provided. This study aimed to determine the species composition, richness, abundance, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns growing on the tree fern C.  junghuhniana in the mountain forest of Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The 35 tree fern caudices of at least 3 m height were selected by purposive random sampling. Each tree fern was divided into intervals of 1 meter from ground level to a height of three meters, thus obtaining 105 one-meter samples of the epiphytic fern community on tree fern caudices stratified according to height. The Importance Value Index (IVI) was estimated for each species of epiphyte based on the frequency of occurrence on caudices. The 35 tree fern caudices hosted 760 fern epiphytes belonging to 12 species of 9 genera and 6  families. The highest species richness occurred in Polypodiaceae. The species with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI = 1.24 %) was Nephrolepis davallioides (Sw.) Kunze, with increasing frequency from bottom to top of the caudex.
Impact of habitat manipulation on the diversity and abundance of beneficial and pest arthropods in sugarcane ratoon Heri Prabowo; Bambang Tri Rahardjo; Gatot Mudjiono; Akhmad Rizali
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220948

Abstract

Abstract. Prabowo H, Rahardjo BT, Mudjiono G, Rizali A. 2021. Impact of habitat manipulation on the diversity and abundance of beneficial and pest arthropods in sugarcane ratoon. Biodiversitas 22: 4002-4010. Sugar production in Indonesia faces several challenges such as infestation of pests and diseases that lead to decline in sugarcane production and productivity. In order to overcome the loss of yields from the presence of pests, alternative new approaches are sought by solving of the problem that can have a sustainable impact by applying habitat manipulation. Habitat manipulation changes the diversity and density of arthropods populations in agro-ecosystem. In the concept of managing agroecosystems with habitat manipulation, it is hoped that the development of agro-ecosystem resilience against pest management will be expected to be suistainable. The results showed that there was an increase in the number of arthropods in the research area for 20 weeks after the management of agro-ecosystems through habitat manipulation. The arthropods in all the traps were dominated by Collembola, Diptera, Coleoptera, Aranea, and Hymenoptera. There were 44 genera that belong to predators and 8 species are belonging to parasitoids. The diversity index of Shannon-Wiener (H '), Simpson Dominance (C) and Species Evenness (E) was not significantly different between treatment and control, but habitat manipulation treatment was able to increase the number of detritivores, predators, parasitoids, and pollinators by 38.81; 43.88; 58.4; and 75.35%. The full role of arthropods in the food chain of the sugarcane ecosystem has been identified and efforts are needed to optimize the role of natural enemies in the agroecosystem to maintain ecosystem stability. Habitat manipulation can increase the number of beneficial insect populations in short run, but it might take time to increase their diversity in agroecosystem.
Short Communication: Morphological study of the scales of Barbodes cf. binotatus (Cyprinidae) from Toba Lake, Indonesia by using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) khairiza lubis; MUFTI SUDIBYO; ELIDA HAFNI SIREGAR; NURLAINI LAILI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220927

Abstract

Abstract. Lubis K, Sudibyo M, Siregar EH, Laili N. 2021. Short Communication: Morphological study of the scales of Barbodes cf. binotatus (Cyprinidae) from Toba Lake, Indonesia by using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Biodiversitas 22: 3821-3828. Spotted barb (Barbodes cf binotatus) is a freshwater fish of Sumatra Island, especially found in the Toba. The study of morphological characteristics of the scales of Spotted barb (B. cf binotatus) is necessary in fish taxonomy. Therefore, the present study investigated the morphology and the chemical elements of the scales located between the dorsal fin and lateral line and those on the lateral line using SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)- Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). We found that the scales of Spotted barb (B. cf binotatus) have the general morphological characteristics of cycloid scales. The morphologies of the scales between the dorsal fin and lateral line and those on the lateral line are slightly different. Lateral line scales of Spotted barb (B. cf binotatus) have no focus area, replaced by a lateral line canal located along the anterior-posterior axis of the scales with two openings. The anterior opening is bigger and wider in compared to the posterior opening. The circuli of the dorsal fin scale is orientated towards the focus. However, the circuli of the lateral scale faces the lateral line canal. The scales contain some elements such as Ca, K, O, Mg, Na, and P.

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