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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Antagonistic activity of glucanolytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis W3.15 against Fusarium oxysporum and its enzyme characterization Rury Eryna Putri; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik; Laksmi Ambarsari; Aris Tri Wahyudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220956

Abstract

Abstract. Putri RE, Mubarik NR, Ambarsari L, Wahyudi AT. 2021. Antagonistic activity of glucanolytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis W3.15 against Fusarium oxysporum and its enzyme characterization. Biodiversitas 22: 4067-4077. Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes plant wilt can be approached with cell-wall degrading enzymes such as ?-glucanase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective ability in glucanase production from several soil bacterial isolates and to characterize its ?-glucanase activity of ammonium sulfate precipitation, and to determine its antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro. Twenty bacterial isolates were screened qualitatively and quantitatively as ?-glucanase producers. The results showed that the prospective isolate W3.15 can produce ?-glucanase on glucan agar as the selection medium. From 16S rRNA sequences identification, the isolate belongs to the genus Bacillus, closely related to Bacillus subtilis. The enzyme activity of the ammonium sulfate fraction of isolate W3.15 is optimum at a pH of 7 and temperature range of 60-80oC. B. subtilis W3.15 exhibits high inhibition against the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and significantly reduced fungal biomass.
Population of white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) in a mangrove ecosystem, Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia Indah Widiani; Ternala Alexander Barus; Hesti Wahyuningsih
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221218

Abstract

Abstract. Widiani I, Barus TA, Wahyuningsih H. 2021. Population of white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) in a mangrove ecosystem, Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5367-5374. White shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis De Man) is an essential fishery commodity with high economic and ecological value in the coastal area of North Sumatra. The main objective of this study was to determine the density of white shrimp in each harvesting area and to evaluate the current physicochemical factors in the Belawan mangrove ecosystem, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Four sampling sites were chosen as study areas. White shrimps were caught using ambai nets with a dimension of 4.5×4.5 m in width and 17 m in length placed from 4:00 - 7:00 PM. Measurement of physicochemical characteristics of sampling sites was conducted in situ and in the laboratory. Based on our study, the highest shrimp density was documented in the fishpond area (station 1) (89 ind/m2), while the lowest density was from the mangrove ecosystem area (station 2) (28 ind/m2). Based on the length class, the population of white shrimps was dominated by 16-18 mm shrimps. The gonad maturity level of the white shrimp population was classified into level 1 (The absence of thin-to-thick threads along the dorsal lining indicated the lowest gonad maturity level). White shrimps exhibited negative allometry in growth with a clumped pattern in population dispersion within the study area. The physicochemical parameters in four sampling sites, such as phosphorus content (P), and nitrate (NO3), exceeded the standard national quality set by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to enhance the growth of tropical endangered species Pterocarpus indicus and Pericopsis mooniana in post gold mine field in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Husna Husna; Faisal Danu Tuheteru; Asrianti Arif
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220930

Abstract

Abstract. Husna, Tuheteru FD, Arif A. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to enhance the growth of tropical endangered species Pterocarpus indicus and Pericopsis mooniana in post gold mine field in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3844-3853. Gold mining activities contribute to the national economy, but have a serious impact on forest and environmental degradation and pose a threat to tree species in the tropics. Reforestation of post-gold mining with tropical legume tree species is threatened with extinction. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are effective in conservation of endangered plants and restoration of degraded land. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of native AM Fungi inoculation on the growth of Pterocarpus indicus and Pericopsis mooniana in nurseries and post-gold mining fields. P. indicus and P. mooniana seedlings were inoculated with Glomus claroideum Schenk & Smith, Glomus coronatum Giovann., and mixed AMF (G. claroideum, G. coronatum). Uninoculated seedlings were used as control treatment, and they were maintained for 4 months under greenhouse conditions. After 4 months in greenhouse, seedlings were transferred to post-gold mine and planted for 4 months. The percentage of AMF colonization, plant growth, nutrient content and uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Mn were measured after 4 months both in the greenhouse and the field. The percentage of AMF colonization under greenhouse conditions in P. indicus and P. mooniana ranged 5.67-75.3% and 2.2-41.2%. All AMF colonization tended to have higher shoot height, leaf numbers and nodules, plant dry weight and N, P, K content under greenhouse conditions. Shoot height, stem diameter, leaf dry weight, N, P, K, Mn and Fe under field conditions had higher inoculated seedlings than control four months after planting. AMF could be used to conserve endangered tree species in post-gold mining reforestation in the tropics.
Comparison of individual tree aboveground biomass estimation in community forests using allometric equation and expansion factor in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia Rahmanta Setiahadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220936

Abstract

Abstract. Setiahadi R. 2021. Comparison of individual tree aboveground biomass estimation in community forests using allometric equation and expansion factor in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3899-3909. The use of allometric equation and biomass expansion factor can facilitate more efficient tree biomass estimation. This study evaluates the accuracy of the allometric equation and expansion factor for quantifying the individual tree aboveground biomass in community forest tree species. Destructive sampling n on 120 trees from four different species: Falcataria moluccana, Melia azedarach, Swietenia macrophylla, and Tectona grandis. For each tree sample, aboveground biomass measured at every tree component, i.e., stem, branches, and leaves. The allometric equation developed using regression analysis with several predictor variables, such as diameter at breast height (D), squared diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), and D and H separately. On another side, the biomass expansion factor was calculated based on the total aboveground biomass and stem biomass ratio. The results found the highest mean aboveground biomass for all species are M. azedarach (326.36±88.40 kg tree-1), S. macrophylla (244.47±98.73 kg tree-1), T. grandis (173.31±80.97 kg tree-1), and F. moluccana (56.56±23.10 kg tree-1). The most significant average biomass expansion factor observed in M. azedarach (1.78±0.03), adhered by T. grandis (1.66±0.09), S. macrophylla (1.61±0.04), and F. moluccana (1.59±0.06). The equation ln? = lna + b x ln (D) was best for estimating aboveground biomass in each tree component and a total of four species with an accuracy of more than 90%.
Plant diversity in logged over forest in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan, Indonesia adhy widya setiawan; ALBERTUS TJIU; ARI MEIDIDIT; ISWINANTO ISWINANTO; AMMAR GINANJAR; YOHANES ATUT; RANDI AGUSTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221115

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawan AW, Tjiu A, Meididit A, Iswinanto, Ginanjar A, Atut Y, Agusti R. 2021. Plant diversity in logged over forest in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4829-4838. A study of flora was conducted in the Ratah Timber concession area. Objectives of this study was to calculate the Importance Value Index (IVI) and identify species diversity in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan. A survey was carried out in 128 plots within 13 transects placed purposively. Vegetation sampling was conducted using line transect and a quadrat method. As many as 530 species belonging to 79 families were found. Of these species, 420 species were found in observation plots with 374 of the species being tree. The most dominant tree species were Endertia spectabilis, Shorea pinanga and Shorea leprosula with IVI of 10.24%, 8.25%, and 6.96%, respectively. In total, 114 species or 21.5% are endemic species of Borneo. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index at tree level was 5.51 and at seedling level was 4.95. The highest Similarity Index was found between transects 23 and 21, meanwhile the lowest was between transects 05 and 15. This study found 61 species which are classified on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2020-1) as critically endangered (16), endangered (11), and vulnerable (34) species.
Chemical characterization of mint (Mentha spp.) germplasm from Central Java, Indonesia LIANAH LIANAH; NIKEN KUSUMARINI; MUTISTA HAFSHAH; KRISANTINI KRISANTINI; ANI KURNIAWATI; MILYA URFA AHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240812

Abstract

Abstract. Lianah L, Kusumarini N, Hafshah M, Krisantini K, Kurniawati A, Ahmad MA. 2023. Chemical characterization of mint (Mentha spp.) germplasm from Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4307-4313. The main objective of this work was to evaluate and compare the leaf production and oil content of the four mint genotypes (Mentha spp.) from Central Java, Indonesia. Four genotypes were collected from Rejosari Village, Kudus District, Central Java, Indonesia, namely spearmint (Mentha spicata), peppermint (Mentha x piperita), orange mint (Mentha x piperita ‘Orange’) and chocolate mint (Mentha x piperita ‘Chocolate’). Essential oil extraction was carried out by steam distillation. Identification of the chemical compounds of the oil and their relative percentage were analyzed using GC-MS. Leaves productivity ranged between 500-1000 kg/ha, and essential oil content from 0.4 to 1.36%. The major essential oil constituents detected were 1,8-cineole, carvone, limonene, linalool, linalyl acetate, menthol, menthone, menthyl acetate, and piperitenone oxide. Chocolate mint had the highest leaf production and the highest content of essential oil (4.17%) and menthone yield (28%) compared to the other genotypes.
A salt tolerant Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans A3 isolated from soil contaminated with mercury in traditional gold mining of Jendi Village, Wonogiri District, Indonesia Sutami SUTAMI; Purwanto PURWANTO; Retno Rosariastuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220923

Abstract

Abstract. Sutami, Purwanto, Rosariastuti R. 2021. A salt tolerant Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans A3 isolated from soil contaminated with mercury in traditional gold mining of Jendi Village, Wonogiri District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3785-3791. Isolation and characterization of indigenous bacteria from the soil of traditional gold mining contaminated with mercury is the first step in a series of research to explore and utilize indigenous bacteria in Jendi's area. This study was aimed to determine the characteristics and identity of bacterial isolates from soil of traditional gold mining in Jendi Village, Wonogiri contaminated by mercury. The methods used in this study included bacterial isolation, media preparation, phenotypic identification including; morphological and physiological tests and genotyping tests. The results showed that the bacterial isolate A3 grew optimally in media with the addition of 10% NaCl, at a temperature of 27°C, and pH 9. There were negative reactions to the observations of gram staining, acid production from glucose, indole production, catalase and urease, and positive reactions to oxidation. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the A3 strain was closely related to Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans strain Y2T (JCM 13185T) with 100% Query coverage and a maximum identity of 99.56%.
Quality evaluation of tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) with fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus ficuum at different incubation times Roni Pazla; Novirman Jamarun; Mardiati Zain; Gusri Yanti; Riki Hiskia Chandra
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220940

Abstract

Abstract. Pazla R, Jamarun N, Zain M, Yanti G, Chandra RH. 2021. Quality evaluation of tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) with fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus ficuum at different incubation times. Biodiversitas 22: 3936-3942. This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus ficuum with different incubation times on nutritional content, digestibility, phytase enzyme activity, and characteristics of rumen fluid. The research used an experimental method with a factorial completely randomized design to evaluate the nutritional content and phytase enzyme activity after fermentation (stage 1). A randomized block design was used to evaluate in vitro digestibility and rumen fluid characteristics (stage 2). For factorial completely randomized design, factor A is the type of microbe (L. plantarum and A. ficuum), then factor B is the incubation time (3,5,7 days). Parameters observed were the nutritional content of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and phytase enzyme activity. For the Randomized Block Design, the research treatments were A = A. ficuum + 5 days of incubation, B = A. ficuum + 7 days of incubation, C = L. plantarum + 3 days of incubation, D = L. plantarum + 5 days of incubation. Parameters measured were the digestibility of dry matter(DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude protein (CPD), crude fiber (CFD), rumen pH, VFA production, and NH3 rumen fluid. The results showed that there was an interaction between the type of microbe and incubation time. The treatment had a significantly different effect (P<0.05) on the content of OM, CP, CF and phytase enzyme activity, but no interaction with the content of DM treatment. In the digestibility, the results showed that the effect was not significantly different (P>0.05) on DMD, OMD, CPD but had a significant effect (P<0.05) on CFD. The treatments also had no significant effect (P>0.05) on VFA but were significantly different (P<0.05) on NH3. From this study, it can be concluded that fermented tithonia using A. ficuum with an incubation period of 7 days could improve the quality of tithonia. It can be seen from the content of CP (31.02%), CF (16.52%), phytase enzyme activity (37.36 U/ml), DMD (66.86%), OMD (67.36%), CFD (81.01%), CPD (70.37%), VFA production 135 mM and NH3 concentration 14.31 mg/100 ml, and pH value 6.72 which is suitable for rumen microbial growth.
Short Communication: A new primer set in CHD1 gene for bird sex identification Febriyanti Vera; WORAWIDH WAJJWALKU; PRAMANA YUDA; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221133

Abstract

Abstract. Vera F, Wajjwalku W, Yuda P, Daryono BS. 2021. Short Communication: A new primer set in CHD1 gene for bird sex identification. Biodiversitas 22: 4977-4982. Determine sex is difficult for many bird species that are sexually monomorphic or only dimorphic in the adult stage. Many molecular markers have been developed for DNA sexing, which were mostly based on identifying Z and W chromosomes of avians. The sex determination of birds was mostly applied universal primer set such as P2/P8 or 2550F/2718R. However, those universal primers that were designed sometimes could not good result consistency in non-ratite birds or ratite birds. Therefore, we improved a specific primer design with deletion site in W chromosome to amplify the female-specific segments on Chromodomain-helicase DNA binding protein-1 (CHD1) gene from alignment sequences CHD1-Z and CHD1-W of Macrocephalon maleo S. Müller, 1846. This study aims to design a new pair of primer targeting a section of the CHD1 gene that can be amplified in non-ratite birds, the name of a new primer is In-Sex F/In-Sex R. A new primer set amplified DNA fragments in around 650 or 550 base pairs of CHD1-Z and also, 350 base pairs of CHD1-W. The result has successfully amplified the sex of multiple species on orders Galliformes, Passeriformes, Accipitriformes, and Strigiformes. This analysis can be helpful to the effort of in-situ or ex-situ management and conservation programs e.g the mating system in birds. And also, the analysis can be helpful for sexing data in the case of captive birds before releasing in natural habitat or reintroduction programs.
Polyphenol content and pharmacological activities of Capsicum frutescens and C. chinense genotypes Zulfikar D Sahid; Syukur Muhamad; AWANG MAHARIJAYA; Nurcholis Waras
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220929

Abstract

Abstract. Sahid ZD, Syukur M, Maharijaya A, Nurcholis W. 2021. Polyphenol content and pharmacological activities of Capsicum frutescens and C. chinense genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 3838-3843. Chili is a horticultural crop with potential as a functional food crop. This is because chili has beneficial biochemical parameters such as antioxidants, phenolics, flavonoids, and ?-glucosidase inhibitors. This study evaluated the biochemical parameters in twelve genotypes of two chili species (Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum chinense). Information from this research can be used as a reference in chili plant breeding activities which are directed as functional food plants. The method of measuring biochemical parameters using an ELISA reader with a modified method. Samples were measured with a microplate and repeated three times. The results that emerged from the ELISA reader were then converted with Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the R program. The results showed that the Capsicum chinense species (Habanero Fransisca) had the highest ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity (52.52%) compared to other genotypes of the Capsicum frutescens species. The highest TPC (19.42), TFC (2.51), and antioxidant FRAP (117.27) were shown by the pure line genotype F8 285290-290-2-2-4-4-1. The biochemical content of the chili genotypes tested was divided into three major groups. This grouping is not affected based on the species used. The correlation between antioxidants using the FRAP method with TFC (0.69) and TPC (0.83) is positive and significantly different. In conclusion, information on biochemical content can be used as a basis for developing genotypes, especially for the purposes of plant breeding activities in the future.

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