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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia NERY SOFIYANTI; DYAH IRIANI; PUTRI INTAN WAHYUNI; NURUL IDANI; PUJI LESTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230247

Abstract

Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Iriani D, Wahyuni PI, Idani N, Lestari P. 2022. Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1038-1047. The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) is an important fruit crop in the world. The species of Citrus are extensively cultivated for fresh fruit and processed juice market. In addition, Citrus members have a great ability to cross and produce intra or intergeneric hybrids. Therefore, the taxonomic identification of the cultivars has been a serious challenge for botanists and agronomists. In Riau Province (Indonesia), the cultivars of this genus are grown for various uses. The aims of this study are to identify Citrus taxa in Riau Province, examine their morphological characters, and document their uses by local people. Samples were collected in the field. The result shows a total of 18 Citrus members were identified in this study. The Citrus morphologies vary among the members. Each Citrus identified in this study shows its morphological characteristic of vegetative and generative parts. Numerous local uses of Citrus are recorded in this study, e.g. fresh consumed, traditional drink, folklore, herb, spice and ornamental. The parts of Citrus used are whole plant, leaf, pericarp and pulp. The uses of Citrus recorded in this study are for herb and spice, dessert, traditional drink and treatment, folklore, and ornamental plant. This study provides the first record of the morphological characteristic of Citrus in this province and the uses of its members.
Analysis of land cover changes due to forest fires in Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia ACHMAD SIDDIK THOHA; NABILLAH SARASWITA; NURDIN SULISTIYONO; DAVID WIRANATA; SRY MULYANI SIRAIT; RIVANDA INALDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230328

Abstract

Abstract. Thoha AS, Saraswita N, Sulistiyono N, Wiranata D, Sirait SM, Inaldi R. 2022. Analysis of land cover changes due to forest fires in Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1420-1426. Forest and land fires occur almost every year with significant impacts and losses on the environment and various sectors including conservation areas. Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) is a conservation area in danger of losing its forest cover due to slash-and-burn land clearing. This study aimed to analyze land cover changes due to forest and land fires in GLNP of North Sumatera Province. Data of hotspots, satellite images, land cover maps, and field verification were used to see the transition of land cover changes before and after forest and land fires. Temporal and spatial analyses were carried out to see the trend of these changes. Field surveys were also conducted to verify hotspots as locations for forest fires, burned land, and human activities causing the fires. This study found that 2010 had the highest hotspots reported from 2001 to 2019. There were indications of a fairly massive forest fire in 2010, as evidenced by the identification of burned land on satellite images. The burned land was near the outer boundary of the GLNP area and expanded into the area in the following period. Before 2010, the area of the non-forest cover was not too large. After 2010, there was an increase in non-forest land cover, presumably due to increased access to enter the area after the forest was cleared after the fire. During almost 20 years, the primary dryland forest in the study area remained only 6% of the initial area. At least more than 200 ha of forest area is reduced in the study area every year. The burned lands in the following years tended to become plantation land. Plantation land cover increased by around 90% during 2000-2019 in the research sites. This study expects that GLNP management and various parties need to prevent the expansion of forest clearing because the strategic role of GLNP as a world heritage is currently in danger.
Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection SRI HARTATI; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; ONGKO CAHYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230548

Abstract

Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Cahyono O. 2022. Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection. Biodiversitas 23: 2648-2654. As one of the most plentiful orchid genera, Dendrobium has a potential genetic resource for crossing programs. Morphological characterization is an important step in determining genetic relationships among orchid species in the same genus. The research aims to identify the morphological characteristics of five species of Indonesian Dendrobium in order to assess the potential cross elder candidates. The materials used in this study were D. mirbelianum Gaudich., D. lamellatum (Blume) Lindl., and D. anosmum obtained from Bogor Botanic Gardens; and D.bracteosum Rchb.f. and D. purpureum obtained from Klaten Speci Gardens. This study recorded 30 morphological characters of Dendrobium studied. There were 23 out of the 30 identified morphological characters (76.67%) that showed varying characters in flowers, leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots. Based on the cluster analysis, five species of Dendrobium are separated into two clusters and cluster division does not correlate with the section of Dendrobium. The species with the highest similarity coefficient has the potential to be used as parental in crosses. Dendrobium lamellatum and D. anosmum have the highest similarity coefficient of 0.80 and are the most potential as parental species for crossing, followed by D. bracteosum and D. purpureum with a similarity coefficient of 0.70.
Hysterothylacium amoyense (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) infecting Trichiurus lepturus (Scombriformes: Trichiuridae) from Demak, Central Java, Indonesia Alusia Melanita Ria Utami; Murwantoko Murwantoko; Indah Istiqomah; Triyanto Triyanto; Eko Setyobudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230246

Abstract

Abstract. Utami AMR, Murwantoko, Istiqomah I, Triyanto, Setyobudi E. 2022. Hysterothylacium amoyense (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) infecting Trichiurus lepturus (Scombriformes: Trichiuridae) from Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1030-1037. This study aims to determine parasitic infection and identify the larvae of anisakid nematode found on the hairtail Trichiurus lepturus caught on the northern coast of Demak District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. One hundred seventy-eight hairtail samples were collected from fishermen who caught the fish at the Java Sea north coast of Demak. Fish specimens were measured (length) and weighed, then examined for anisakid larvae examination in the abdominal cavity, internal organs, and muscle. Data analysis included prevalence, mean intensity, and distribution of anisakid larvae on target organs. Selected samples of collected anisakid larvae were identified molecularly using PCR direct sequencing method. The results showed that the hairtail at the northern coast of Demak District was susceptible to anisakid larvae infection, on the category "frequently infected" with the prevalence of 56% and low mean intensity of infection of 2.43 larvae/host. Anisakid larvae were mainly found in the abdominal cavity (67%); followed by the digestive tract (19%), liver (13%), and gonads (1%). There were no anisakid larvae infecting the muscle tissue. Molecular analyses identified the anisakid infecting Trichiurus lepturus as Hysterothylacium amoyense.
Aquatic plants as niche for lay eggs and raising juveniles by freshwater fish in three swamp habitats in South Kalimantan, Indonesia Dharmono Dharmono; Mahruddin Mahruddin; Riya Irianti; Hery Fajeriadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230341

Abstract

Abstract. Dharmono, Mahrudin, Irianti R, Fajeriadi H. 2022. Aquatic plants as niche for lay eggs and raising juveniles by freshwater fish in three swamp habitats in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1520-1526. Swamp is an area that is almost always waterlogged throughout the year, making it a very unique ecosystem. There is a wide variety of ecosystem services provided by swamp ecosystems, one of those is a habitat of freshwater fish, which is related to the presence of swamp vegetation. This study aimed to investigate swamp plants used as niches for freshwater fish to lay eggs and raise its offspring in three swamp areas in three regencies (i.e., Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, Tanah Laut Regency and Barito Kuala Regency) in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Purposive random sampling was conducted in each swamp by observing and documenting the types of plants where fish eggs and offspring were found. We recorded 26 species of aquatic plants used by 17 species of swamp fish to lay eggs and raise offspring/fry. Eichhornia crassipes was the most widely used aquatic plant species with 100% of all freshwater fish species found (17 fish species), followed by Pistia stratiotes by 70.6% (12 fish species) and Cyperus digitatus, Lemna minor, Nelumbo nucifera, Utricularia aurea and Crinum asiaticum with each used by 52.9% (9 fish species). These plant species favored by fish need to be maintained and controlled to support the population of the fish.
Record of Hemiramphus lutkei Valenciennes, 1847 from Seram Sea, Maluku, Indonesia with its molecular characterization Matheos Talakua; Suadi Suadi; Djumanto Djumanto; Eko Setyobudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230346

Abstract

Abstract. Talakua M, Suadi, Djumanto, Setyobudi E. 2022. Record of Hemiramphus lutkei Valenciennes, 1847 from Seram Sea, Maluku, Indonesia with its molecular characterization. Biodiversitas 23: 1560-1566. Hemiramphus sp. is a fish species widely distributed throughout the world. However, the area distribution of each species differs between regions. Hemiramphus archipelagicus could be found in Seram Sea, Maluku and Ekas Bay, Lombok, Hemiramphus sp. from North Maluku Sea, and H. brasiliensis from the North Minahasa Sulawesi. The identification of Hemiramphus in Indonesia uses mainly the morphological approach. This study aims to determine the morphometric and meristic character and identify the halfbeak collected from the Seram Sea, Maluku, using a molecular approach. A total of 214 fish samples were used to determine the morphometric and meristic characters of halfbeak, following the measurement method that has been developed previously. All samples of halfbeak showed similar morphological characteristics. Identification by direct sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was conducted from selected samples. The halfbeak caught in the Seram Sea had an elongated flat body shape, the dorsal part of the body is blue-green, the tip of the lower beak is sharp, enlarged towards the base in the oral cavity; the lower beak is reddish-orange and longer than the upper beak. The fin formula of halfbeak from the Seram Sea is D.13-15, P.9-12, V.5-6, A.9-12, C.7/8, and the number of scales at the lateral line is 52-58. Based on molecular identification, the halfbeak species from the Seram Sea was confirmed as Hemiramphus lutkei with a genetic distance of 0.0055 compared to H. lutkei from India, and a genetic distance of 0.0540 with H. balao.
Diversity and status of day butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in different plant associations of the Edough Forest Massif (Northeastern Algeria) NARIMAN LAREF; RANIA REZZAG-BEDIDA; MEHDI BOUKHEROUFA; RYM SAKRAOUI; RANIA LINA IKRAM HENADA; RACHAD HADIBY; FERIEL SAKRAOUI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230238

Abstract

Abstract. Laref N, Rezzag-Beddida R, Boukheroufa M, Sakraoui R, Henada RLI, Hadiby R, Sakraoui F. 2021. Diversity and status of day butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in different plant associations of the Edough Forest Massif (Northeastern Algeria). Biodiversitas 23: 954-961. The current study seeks to evaluate the biodiversity and the structure of the Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera stand in the Edough mountain range, Northeastern Algeria. The main objective is to analyse specific and dynamic fluctuations depending on the forest species and assess their functional role. The resulting work was conducted during the 2021 spring season at the Ain Bocal Natural Site, characterized by a succession of four forest species in a sampling corridor approximately 2 km long. The sampling strategy was based on the linear transect method derived from the British BMS Butterflies Monitoring Scheme method, where 390 individuals were counted to calculate and analyse the stand structure parameters. We were also able to carry out the taxonomic identification of 13 species belonging to four families, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae and Papilionidae. Overall, the results revealed that the Mixed Algerian Oak Forest (Zean Oak Forest) is the richest in species, followed by Cork Oak Forest, Algerian Oak Forest and Maritime Pine Forest. The forest of the Edough, by its composition in habitats and ecological niches, allows the installation of the lepidopterological biodiversity.
Fly species on cows around the Tangkoko Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia and their role as zoonotic disease vectors Meis Nangoy; Erwin Sondakh; Roni Koneri; Upik Kesumawati Hadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230203

Abstract

Abstract. Nangoy M, Sondakh E, Koneri R, Hadi UK.2021. Fly  species on cows around the Tangkoko Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia and their role as disease vectors. Biodiversitas 23: 631-636. Climate and land-use changes in additional to livestock rearing systems play a role in the distribution, species, and population of fly pests, which may pose a risk to humans and animal health. The  rearing and grazing of cows at the forest edge and in coconut plantations provide an ideal medium for the growth and development of flies. This study aimed to identify the diversity and abundance of fly species found on cows grazing in two habitat types: forest edge habitat and coconut plantation,located at  the Tangkoko Nature Reserve in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from April 2021 to June 2021 using 24 Ongole Crossbred cows including three adult males and three adult females (250-300 kg) and three males and three female calves (60-75 kg) in each habitat. Flies were collected using two fly nets that were swung along the cows in each habitat type with ten swings. The flies collected were identified based on morphology.  A total of 6,982 flies were collected and identified to the following taxonomic groups: Muscidae family (Haematobia exigua 91.21%, Stomoxys calcitrans 1.65%, Musca crassirostris 0.67%, S. indicus 0.54%, S. sitiens 0.42%, and Musca domestica 0.11%), and Tabanidae family (Tabanus factiosus 4.91%, Tabanus striatus 0.47%, and Chrisops sp. 0.01%). The abundance of Haematobia exigua in the coconut plantation habitat was higher than in the forest edges, while the number of T. factiosus at the forest edges was higher than in the coconut plantations. Our results confirm that the presence of a variety of fly species and their abundance depends part on the grazing  habitat of the cows. Further study of fly species diversity and pathogen status is critical to provide epidemiological data needed to develop control strategies to prevent the emergence of zoonotic diseases.
Constructing and expressing acyl-homoserine lactone lactonase (aiiA) gene for enhancing Solanum tuberosum resistance against soft rot disease ERMA SURYANTI; IMAN RUSMANA; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; ALINA AKHDIYA; DEDEN SUKMADJAJA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230409

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanti E, Rusamana I, Wahyudi AT, Akhdiya A, Sukamdjaja D. 2022. Constructing and expressing acyl-homoserine lactone lactonase (aiiA) gene for enhancing Solanum tuberosum resistance against soft rot disease. Biodiversitas 23: 1780-1787. Expression of the genes associated with pectinase production in soft rot disease of Dickeya spp. are regulated by quorum sensing mechanism using acyl homoserine lactone(AHL). Degradation of AHL using AHL lactonase can be developed to reduce pectinase production in Dickeyaspp.The aiiA gene encodes AHL lactonase from Bacillus spp. This study aims to construct binary vector of inserted aiiA gene (pCAB10) from Bacillus cereus B10 and express the aiiA gene in potato Medians cultivar genome. The aiiAgene was cloned into binary vector and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens LB4404. The Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation was conducted with co-cultivation technique.The transgenic plant was confirmed through PCR andselected through kanamycin and soft rot disease resistance to Dickeya dadantii A3. The result showed that aiiA gene was successfully integrated top CAB10 and introduced to A. tumefaciens LB4404. The percentage of pCAB10 transformation was 57.6%, while there generation efficiency was 11.9% with 50 mg/L acetosyringone addition. Four transgenic potato Medians cultivar exhibited significantly higher resistance against soft rot disease than non-transgenic plants. Mahl1 clone had the highest resistance to D. dadantii with soft rot disease incidence as 7.1% and percentage of soft rot disease suppression as 92.85%.
Half diallel of F1 tomato hybrid and its double cross-compatibility MUH FARID; MUHAMMAD FUAD ANSHORI; IFAYANTI RIDWAN; NOVATY ENY DUNGGA; IRNA ERMIYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230413

Abstract

Abstract. Farid M, Anhsori MF, Ridwan I, Dungga NE, Ermiyanti I. 2022. Half diallel of F1 tomato hybrid and its double cross-compatibility. Biodiversitas 23: 1813-1821. Breeding program for improvement of tomato fruit can be done through diallelic crosses genetic combinations. Therefore, genetic evaluation is needed to meet the breeding objective. This process can be combined with crosses between F1 to produce high diversity. However, evaluating the crosses' compatibility is required to increase the effectiveness of the assembly process. This study aimedto assess the half-diallel crosses of F1 tomatoes in the field and determine the most compatible pair cross combinationsin forming double and three-way F1 populations. This study was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The field evaluation was arranged ina randomized complete block design with ten genotypes, while the compatibility evaluationwas carried out using 6 F1 half diallel as the parents. The results showed that the Mawar and Chung varieties were better parents in the crossings. Furthermore, the results showed that F1 K/M (the best yield component), M/C (the best TDS and Lycopene traits), and BC/K (the genotype has good traits of yield component, TDS and Lycopene) were the best single F1 crosses that could be inherited to the F2 generation. In contrast, F1 K/M and F1 K/C crosses were the best male and female parents, respectively. The recommended double-crosses include K/C//BC/M, and BC/C//K/M, while for the F1 unbalanced three-way cross was K/C//K/M.

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