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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus gut isolated from Indralaya peatland region, Indonesia DWITA OKTIARNI; GETARI KASMIARTI; ERWIN NOFYAN; MIKSUSANTI MIKSUSANTI; HASANUDIN HASANUDIN; HERMANSYAH HERMANSYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230152

Abstract

Abstract. Oktiarni D, Kasmiarti G, Nofyan E, Miksusanti, Hasanudin, Hermansyah. 2021. Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus gut isolated from Indralaya peatland region, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 486-495. The termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen from Tanjung Senai, Inderalaya peatland region, is classified as a high-level termite. Termites like eusocial insects break down cellulosic biomass into glucose by bacteria that produce cellulolytic enzymes in their gut. In the present study, new species of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus Hagen gut were determined by biomolecular assay. Bacterial isolates were isolated and purified by using DNA kit and the optical density of DNA bacterial isolates was obtained by using spectrophotometer nanodrop. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were amplified using PCR to determine the fragment of 16S rRNA gene, performed using BLAST-N program and compared with NCBI database. Result from the sequences of 16S rRNA gene showed that the new species were identify as Enterobacter cloacae (isolates 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, 19, 20, 25, 28, 39, 40, 44, 60, and 64), Klebsiella pneumoniae (isolates 24, 43, and 62), Klebsiella quasipneumoniae (isolates 29, 36, and 37), Klebsiella varicolla (isolate 52), Enterobacter roggenkampii (isolate 56) and Enterobacter asburiae (isolate 59).
New alternative for culicidian fauna control using Borago officinalis and Drimia maritima plant extracts HAKIMA DJEDDAR; HAMID BOUDJELIDA; DJAMEL EDDINE RACHID ARROUSSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221255

Abstract

Abstract. Djeddar H, Boudjelida H, Arroussi DER. 2021. New alternative for culicidian fauna control using Borago officinalis and Drimia maritima plant extracts. Biodiversitas 22: 5688-5694. Focus on the development of insecticides based on botanical extracts may represent an alternative environmentally interesting tool to chemical control. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of both extracts of Drimia maritima (Asparagales: Asparagaceae) and Borago officinalis (Lamiales: Boraginaceae) on larvae sensibility, physiological and biochemical parameters of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). The larvicidal bioassay exhibits a significant dose-response relationship against the fourth instar larvae of Cx. pipiens. Moreover, biochemical analyses revealed a decrease in proteins levels, carbohydrates and lipids in the whole larvae body treated with the lethal concentrations (LC50, LC90) of D. maritima extract as compared to the control series. Whereas, using B. officinalis herbal plants, the result showed a decrease in lipid and carbohydrate contents and an increase in protein. The ability of D. maritima and B. officinalis extracts to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in a whole body of the treated larvae of Cx. pipiens is examined. The estimated specific activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) at different times was significantly increased under the effects of both plants. The present study demonstrates that the aqueous extracts of D. maritima and B.officinalis present insecticidal properties with neurotoxic effects against larval stages of the domestic mosquito Cx. pipiens. In this context, the use of chemical insecticides for mosquito control is no longer recommended and the alternatives of eco-friendly products are encouraged.
Diversity and composition of butterflies in three habitats around Rayow Waterfall, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi, Indonesia RONI KONERI; MEIS J. NANGOY; PIENCE VERALYN MAABUAT; SAROYO SAROYO; WAKHID WAKHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230253

Abstract

Abstract. Koneri R, Nangoy MJ, Maabuat PV, Saroyo, Wakhid. 2022. Diversity and composition of butterflies in three habitats around Rayow Waterfall, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1091-1098. Butterflies play an important role in ecosystems as pollinating agents, and their beautiful colors have a high potential for ecotourism activities. This study aims to analyze the diversity and composition of butterflies on three habitats around Rayow Waterfall, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, which might be developed as ecotourism paths for butterfly-watching. Butterfly sampling using the sweeping technique was conducted on ecotourism paths in three habitat types: residential, agroforestry, and waterfall. Each ecotourism path consisted of three transect lines with a length of each transect of 300 m. The results showed 5 families of butterflies consisting of 56 species and 943 individuals. The most common family and species found were Nymphalidae and Eurema tominia (Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1865), and the highest abundance, number, and diversity index were found in agroforestry habitat. Meanwhile, the composition of butterflies differed significantly across the three habitats. Waterfall habitat was characterized by high relative humidity and low air temperature, while the high air temperature characterized residential habitat. The highest diversity of butterflies was found in the agroforestry habitat, and this was because of the complex vegetation structure that supported the survival of butterflies. The result of this study can serve as baseline information for the development of butterfly-based tourism programs in the Rayow Waterfall.
Forest covers, land fire hotspots, and atmospheric pollutions (CO, SO2) in the lower Batanghari River Basin landscape during dry season (June-August 2021) ANDRIO A. WIBOWO; ADI BASUKRIADI; ERWIN NURDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221254

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo AA, Basukriadi A, Nurdin E. 2021. Forest covers, land fire hotspots, and atmospheric pollutions (CO, SO2) in the lower Batanghari River Basin landscape during dry season (June-August 2021). Biodiversitas 22: 5678-5687. Land fire is a major threat to the intact forest in Indonesia, including the rainforests of Sumatra. Land fires are caused by several factors, ranging from deforestation, slash and burn to farm, and also weather where land fires occur during dry seasons. Land fires that occur in forests can release significant amounts of atmospheric pollution in the form of CO and SO2 emissions. Since there is a paucity of information about land fire hotspot distribution and atmospheric pollution in Sumatra’s forest, this study aims to assess the distribution and impacts of land fires within the lower Batanghari forest landscape on atmospheric pollution during the dry season from June to August 2021. The study was conducted in 15 sampling locations covering three districts in the lower Batanghari landscape. The method uses a coupled ground-based and remote sensing measurement. For ground-based measurement, the CO and SO2 emissions were determined based on in-situ observation of burned biomass in the field and calculation using Seiler and Crutzen equation. While the land fire hotspots were detected using combinations of VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) and MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) remote sensing sensors. The result shows that 65.85% of the land fires that happened in the lower Batanghari landscape occurred within forests. In West Tanjung Jabung District, 70.37% of land fires were observed within forests, in East Tanjung Jabung was 60% and 55.55% for Muaro Jambi District. The weekly land fires, CO, and SO2 emissions were high in June as the onset of dry season. In West Tanjung Jabung, this district has the highest weekly land fires, CO, and SO2 emissions. The ranges of CO and SO2 emissions when land fires occur were 200-350 ppbv and 1.5-2.75 ug/m3. The Principal Component Analysis confirms that the frequency of land fires was positively correlated with CO rather than SO2 emissions. This concludes the magnitude of land fires in forests that have the potential to release significant atmospheric pollutants.
Toxicity test of rose periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) leaves endophytic bacteria using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method FAUZIAH FAUZIAH; MAULINASARI MAULINASARI; ESSY HARNELLY; YULIA SARI ISMAIL; LENNI FITRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230122

Abstract

Abstract. Fauziah F, Maulinasari, Harnelly E, Ismail YS, Fitri L. 2021. Toxicity test of rose periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) leaves endophytic bacteria using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Biodiversitas 23: 171-177. Endophytic bacteria can be obtained from plants and may have the same ability as their host to produce secondary metabolites. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of endophytic bacterial extract from rose periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) leaves using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method to determine their secondary metabolite contents. A toxicity test was carried out using Artemia salina shrimp larvae. The effect of the extract was determined based on the shrimp larvae mortality percentage using four concentration levels of 1000 ppm, 750 ppm, 500 ppm, and 250 ppm. Furthermore, the LC50 value of the extract against shrimp larvae was analyzed using SPSS software to obtain eight isolates of endophytic bacteria from Catharanthus roseus leaves. Macroscopic observations showed different characters, and five isolates were Gram-positive bacteria, while three were Gram-negative bacteria. The BETD5 isolate had the lowest LC50 value of 413,590 ppm, and the secondary metabolites of BETD5 extract were alkaloid and saponin. The molecular identification indicated that BETD5 had the highest identity percentage of 99.38% with Staphylococcus arlettae strain NR_036903, Staphylococcus gallinarum strain LMG 19119, Staphylococcus sp. strain Fop 222, Staphylococcus gallinarum strain E2 and Staphylococcus sp. strain MFC2.
Exterior characteristics and body measurements of Bligon goat on the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Reny Dwi Rahmawati; Bayu Andri Atmoko; I Gede Suparta Budisatria; Nono Ngadiyono; Panjono Panjono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230118

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawati RD, Atmoko BA, Budisatria IGS, Ngadiyono N, Panjono. 2021. Exterior characteristics and body measurements of Bligon goat on the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 143-150. The Bligon goat is one of the goat breeds those farmers mostly keep in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the exterior characteristics of Bligon goat in different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District. A total of 478 Bligon goats taken from highlands (146 head), lowlands (163 head), and coastal (169 head) were observed and grouped by age (0-6 months), young (6-18 months), and adults (>18 months). The data observed included qualitative traits (body color distribution and ear shape) and quantitative traits (withers height, chest girth, body length, ear length, and body weight). Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively, and quantitative data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the head hair coat color of Bligon goats was mostly striped (pied), with the percentages in the highland, lowland, and coastal zones being 71.9%, 69.2%, and 67.7%, respectively. The body hair coat color in the highland (52.1%) and lowland (39.6%) were striped primarily, while on the coast, it was white (70.7%). The crest color in the highland (69.9%) and lowland (44.7%) were mostly a mixture of brown, black, and white, while on the coast, it was white (70.1%). The mane ruff (rewos) color in the highland (88.4%), lowland (57.9%), and coast (59.3%) were primarily a mixture of brown, black, and white. Ear shapes in the highland (92.5%) and lowland (73.6%) are open principally, while in the coastal areas are mostly folded (56.9%). The average body size of Bligon goats in the coastal zone was larger than in the lowlands (P<0.05), and in the lowlands was larger than in the highlands (P<0.05). It was concluded that the different agro-ecological zones in Bantul District have different exterior characteristics in Bligon goats both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Diversity of sponge-associated fungi from a mangrove forest in Kemujan Island, Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia Mada Triandala Sibero; Rudhi Pribadi; Stefanie Jessica Henny Larasati; MARK S CALABON; AGUS SABDONO; SUBAGIYO SUBAGIYO; EVAN HANSEL FREDERICK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221256

Abstract

Abstract. Sibero MT, Pribadi R, Larasati SJH, Calabon MS, Sabdono A, Subagiyo S, Frederick EH. 2021. Diversity of sponge-associated fungi from a mangrove forest in Kemujan Island, Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5695-5605. Plenty of studies have reported interesting biological properties and bioactive compounds from sponge-associated fungi in Indonesia. However, only a few studies consider their biodiversity. Most of the studies collected the sponge from the coral reef ecosystem and barely reported from the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to discover the biodiversity of sponge-associated fungi from a mangrove ecosystem using a DNA barcoding approach. Five mangrove-associated sponges were collected from a tidal mangrove forest in Kemujan Island, Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. In total, we isolated 56 sponge-associated fungi, which consisted of seven genera in the phylum Ascomycota (77.78%), one genus in the phylum Basidiomycota (11.11%), and one genus in the phylum Mucoromycota (11.11%). Trichoderma (n: 15, 26.79%), Aspergillus (n: 13, 23.21%) and Fusarium (n: 12, 21.45%) were the top three dominant genera. In addition, based on the association of fungi to its sponge hosts, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Fusarium, and Trichoderma are sponge-generalists; Absidia and Pestalotiopsis are sponge-associates; while Lasiodiplodia, Montagnula, and Wallemia are sponge-specialist.
Population and distribution of some herons in Babakan Rancabayawak, Bandung City, Indonesia Erri Noviar Megantara; Teguh Husodo; Johan Iskandar; Deden Nurjaman; Suroso SUROSO; SYAHRAS FATHIN AMINUDDIN; Zamzam I'lanul Anwar Atsaury; Indri Wulandari; Sya Sya Shanida
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221221

Abstract

Abstract. Megantara EN, Husodo T, Iskandar J, Nurjaman D, Suroso, Aminuddin SF, Atsaury ZIA, Wulandari I, Shanida SS. 2021. Population and distribution of some herons in Babakan Rancabayawak, Bandung City, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5389-5396. The Cinambo River flood control channel in the Rancabayawak impacts the decline in the habitat quality of some herons, such as cattle egret [Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758)], little egret [Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766)], and Javan pond-heron [Ardeola speciosa (Horsfield, 1821)]. Besides, many built-up areas due to the urbanization in peri-urban areas also impact habitat quality, such as the loss of plants commonly used as perching and nesting sites. Along with the development of Rancabayawak as a built-up area, it is essential to study the management of those birds. This study aims to reveal: 1) plants used as perching and nesting sites, 2) population size and distribution, and management efforts on B. ibis, E. garzetta, and A. speciosa in Babakan Rancabayawak Hamlet, Gedebage Subdistrict, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A mixed-methods approach was applied in this study by calculating the estimated population and bird nests, plant inventory survey, and the installation of the A8 mini GPS. Bambusa vulgaris, Leucaena leucocephala, and Mimosa pigra are plants that are used as perching and nesting sites by B. ibis, E. garzetta, and A. speciosa. The estimated population mean of those birds was 630 individuals, 92 individuals, and 43 individuals, respectively, with the population average of those birds, is 1680 individuals. Three hundred twenty-nine nests (329) were found during the study. Based on distribution mapping, birds moved east and south, covering paddy fields in Rancaekek, Solokanjeruk, and Majalaya within a radius of 12 km. Management efforts can be conducted by not cutting down the plants that become nesting and perching sites and maintaining the wetlands in their habitats.
Ethnobotanical knowledge of Marind-Anim Tribe in utilizing sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia AKHMAD KADIR; SUHARNO SUHARNO; YOHANA REAWARUW; KOMARI KOMARI; AGUSTINUS MAHUZE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230132

Abstract

Abstract. Kadir A, Suharno, Reawaruw Y, Komari, Mahuze A. 2021. Ethnobotanical knowledge of Marind-Anim Tribe in utilizing sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 264-272. Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is one of the biological resources utilized by several communities, mainly in New Guinea and Moluccas region. In Papua (Indonesia New Guinea), sago is a source of food and is also used for the living needs of local people for generations. This study aims to explore the ethnobotanical knowledge regarding the utilization of sago by the Marind–Anim tribe in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia based on local wisdom. Data were collected using survey method and the analysis was done using qualitative approach. The research was conducted in 7 villages representing 6 sub-districts (Merauke, Sota, Tanah Merah, Kurik, Animha, Marind) in Merauke District. The results show that sago is an important resource for the Marind-Anim community to fulfill a wide range of needs from foods, building materials, and cultural activities. Each sub-tribe has a different perspective in grouping sago based on local knowledge. The difference is based on an understanding of the size of the tree trunk, the absence of thorns on the leaves, the height of the plant, the shape and size of the leaves, and the color of the stems/leaves. Based on local knowledge, there are at least five clusters of sago in the Merauke area across the villages surveyed. In Merauke, sago is processed into a traditional food called Sep, which is different from the people in the northern region of Papua, who process it into Papeda. In addition to Sago Sep, the community also knows other types of sago processing, namely Sago Ebayak, Sago Kwetahuk, and Sago Sinoli. The community has conducted conservation efforts based on local knowledge in Sar, Quality Sar, and selective cutting. The goal of such efforts is to maintain the sustainability of sago in meeting the needs for foods.
Grasshopper diversity in several agricultural areas and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia Amin Setyo Leksono; Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Ainul Khotimah; Anisa Zairina
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230110

Abstract

Abstract. Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B, Khotimah A, Zairina A. 2021. Grasshopper diversity in several agricultural areas and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 75-80. In Sumbawa Island, the conversion of forests and savannahs into agricultural land has increased rapidly since 2010. This research aims to compare grasshopper species' abundance, richness, and diversity between several farmland and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island. It was conducted at ten locations in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, and included an ecotone, two post-harvested rice farms, two post-harvested corn farms, a mixed farm, a vegetable farm, and three savannas. Furthermore, samples were taken four times from four plots at each location in the post-harvest period from August to September 2021. Grasshopper sampling was carried out using the sweeping method with an insect net with each plot size of 2 x 10 m2. A total of 2264 individual grasshoppers belonging to 30 species and four families were collected from all research sites. The dominant species were Alloteratura sp., Trilophidia annulata, Atractomorpha crenulata, Phlaeoba fumosa, Oxya japonica and, Phlaeoba infumata. The greatest grasshopper species richness and diversity were found in post-harvest rice farms, while the lowest was in the vegetable farm, and most of these species are considered pests. This research shows that the composition of grasshoppers on agricultural land is very similar to that of the adjacent savannah. Hence, monitoring and controlling their presence is necessary by paying attention to savannas as refuge land.

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