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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 401   402   403   404   405 
Non-destructive modeling using a drilling resistance tool to predict wood basic density of standing trees in a eucalypts plantation in North Sumatra, Indonesia KANVEL P. SINGH; ISKANDAR Z. SIREGAR; JUPITER I.M. ABAD; LINA KARLINASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231217

Abstract

Abstract. Singh KP, Siregar IZ, Abad JIM, Karlinasari L. 2022. Non-destructive modeling using a drilling resistance tool to predict wood basic density of standing trees in a eucalypts plantation in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6218-6226. Eucalypts are globally selected as the main tree species for pulp and paper industries owing to their good potential growth and wood traits. Wood basic density, which is related to wood biomass yield, is one of the most important wood traits for pulp production and has become a focus in the tree improvement program. Evaluation of this trait in the field is needed to efficiently develop tree improvement programs. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution of basic density in the vertical direction of standing trees, including Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, and E. grandis × E. urophylla hybrid (commonly called “urograndis”), and to develop a model for predicting wood basic density using micro-drilling resistance tools of ResistographÒ. The results showed that basic density traits varied within individual trees and within and between species. Average whole tree basic wood densities of 379.9 kg/m3, 400.5 kg/m3, and 440.6 kg/m3 were found for E. grandis, hybrid urograndis, and E. urophylla at 44 months old, respectively. The model developed had a good correlation for predicting wood basic density at 1.3 m height and whole tree basic density, with the R2 for model calibration ranging from 0.52 to 0.76 for 1.3 m wood basic density prediction and from 0.62 to 0.79 for whole tree wood basic density. This study found that the three species of eucalyptus could be used to create a combined model for predicting wood basic density that could be used for each individual species. The model for single and multiple species had a good validation with R2 from 0.51 to 0.72.
Cytogenetic study in seven species of Zingiberaceae family from Bueng Kan Province, Thailand PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; SURAPON SAENSOUK; TANANSUK PHECHPHAKDEE; AREERAT RAGSASILP
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240110

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S, Phechphakdee T, Ragsasilp A. 2022. Cytogenetic study in seven species of Zingiberaceae family from Bueng Kan Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 68-77. Bueng Kan province is located in the Northeast Thailand. The family Zingiberaceae in Bueng Kan Province was found to be a highly diverse plant. The aim of this study was to study the chromosome numbers, fundamental number (NF), karyotype form and ideogram analysis of seven species in the family Zingiberaceae from Bueng Kan province, Northeast Thailand. The seven species of Zingiberaceae family-namely Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf., Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm., Kaempferia elegans Wall., Kaempferia pulchra Ridl., Kaempferia rotunda L. and Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. in this study have been recognized the cytogenetic study including the chromosome number from root tips, karyology, NF, symmetrical karyotype, RL, CI, and ideogram. The chromosome numbers of all species were reported between 2n = 20 and 68. The NF of six species was reported for the first time. The symmetrical karyotype formula has been recognized as a symmetrical karyotype (four species) and an asymmetrical karyotype (three species). The karyotype formula of five species was reported for the first time. The ideogram of all species was provided for the first time. The cytogenetic data of all species in this study can be used for identification.
Impact of physicochemical parameters of water on the biodiversity of the invertebrate fauna from Echatt Lake, Northeast Algeria HOUMANI MOUNIRA; BENDALI-SAOUDI FATIHA; SOLTANI NOUREDDINE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240131

Abstract

Abstract. Mounira H, Fatiha BS, Noureddine S. 2023. Impact of physicochemical parameters of water on the biodiversity of the invertebrate fauna from Echatt Lake (Northeast Algeria). Biodiversitas 24: 258-268. Algeria is a case study of biodiversity ignorance. To date, there are neither complete inventories for any taxa nor atlas across the country! Yet, Algeria is of great importance for global biodiversity. The coastal area of Algeria is part of the global biodiversity hotspot which is the Mediterranean perimeter and has several regional red spots of biodiversity. Biodiversity provides raw material resources necessary for living beings' survival and maintaining atmospheric quality, climate regulation, water quality, and soil fertility. In addition, macrobenthic fauna is an important provider of aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed to determine the biodiversity of the invertebrate community from Echatt Lake (Northeast Algeria) located in a protected area classified by Ramsar in 1983, and to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic activities using water physicochemical parameters on their structure and function. Samples were collected monthly over one year (January 2019-December 2019) at four selected stations, and 2,861 specimens were collected. The identified species (16 species) belong to 9 families: Naucoridae, Hydrophilidae, Notonectidae, Pleidae, Corexidae, Eylaidae, Pionidae, Daphniidae, and Copepoda. Seven physicochemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen potential, electrical conductivity, hydrometric title, alkalimetric title, complete alkalimetric titer, and turbidity) of the water were also determined in each station to evaluate their influence on the abundance and distribution of the invertebrate fauna. The pH and the apparent turbidity influence the invertebrate fauna, while the richness was relatively low at stations 2 and 4, located near anthropogenic sources of pollution. The data obtained permitted us to evaluate the possible impact of anthropogenic activities on the biodiversity of invertebrates.
Diversity and activity of amylase-producing bacteria isolated from mangrove soil in Thailand RATIMA KLINFOONG; CHANUNLAYA THUMMAKASORN; SUNISA UNGWIWATKUL; PARIMA BOONTANOM; AIYA CHANTARASIRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231064

Abstract

Abstract. Klinfoong R, Thummakasorn C, Ungwiwatkul S, Boontanom P, Chantarasiri A. 2022. Diversity and activity of amylase-producing bacteria isolated from mangrove soil in Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 5519-5531. Mangrove forests are a potential ecosystem for the isolation of various economic enzymes derived from mangrove-associated bacteria. The knowledge of amylase-producing bacteria isolated from mangrove forests in the Southeast Asian region has been scarce. This study aimed to investigate the isolation, genetic identification, and activity characterization of amylase-producing bacteria from mangrove soils in Thailand. The amylase-producing bacteria isolated from mangrove soils in the present were genetically belong to the genera Bacillus, Desulfurella, Peribacillus, Priestia, and Pseudomonas. Several amylase-producing bacteria such as Bacillus proteolyticus, Desulfurella, Pseudomonas entomophila, and Pseudomonas putida found in this study have hardly ever been reported. The Bacillus paralicheniformis strain DNP0507 was the most active amylolytic bacterium with 2.395 ± 0.133 U/mg of amylase activity. The optimum temperature and pH for amylolytic activity were determined to be 50°C at a pH of 7.0 with a thermal stability range of 20-60°C at a neutral pH of 7.0-8.0. The enzyme activity was significantly enhanced by Cu2+, Co2+, and Pb2+ and was inhibited considerably by a chelating agent EDTA. Finally, the most active amylolytic B. paralicheniformis strain DNP0507 could be applied in baking industries, food industries, and starchy waste valorization.
Identification and antibiotic-resistant properties of Vibrio owensii and V. alginolyticus isolated from the Spermonde Islands, Indonesia ALIM ISNANSETYO; INDAH ISTIQOMAH; HILAL ANSHARY; SRIWULAN SRIWULAN; ERVIA YUDIATI; SUBAGIYO SUBAGIYO; ADITYA ARIF; DINI WAHYU KARTIKASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231154

Abstract

Abstract. Isnansetyo A, Istiqomah I, Anshary H, Sriwulan S, Yudiati E, Subagiyo S, Arif A, Kartikasari DW. 2022. Identification and antibiotic-resistant properties of Vibrio owensii and V. alginolyticus isolated from the Spermonde Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5995-6005. The Spermonde Islands are located in Makassar Strait, southern Sulawesi, Indonesia, and have attracted the attention of researchers for decades because of their mega biodiversity and abundance of bioresources. However, no study has evaluated the potential mariculture diseases in this area. The present study assessed the potential bacterial fish diseases based on the current status of mariculture in the Spermonde Islands. The samples were collected from three marine aquaculture sites at Barrang Caddi and the Samaloa Islands. Vibrio was isolated on Thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose (TCBS) agar medium. The most common bacterial diseases were observed by bacterial isolation, morphological and biochemical observations, and molecular identification based on 16S rDNA sequence. The microbial, physical, and chemical water qualities at Barrang Caddi and Samaloa Island were suitable for marine aquaculture. Although cultured species in this area did not exhibit gross disease signs, potential opportunistic pathogens of Vibrio were found. The 16S rDNA sequences analysis indicated that the bacterial isolates closed to Vibrio owensii, V. alginolyticus, and V. neocaledonius. Multi-drug resistant V. owensii was identified as a potential pathogen in marine aquaculture. This is the first report on V. owensii isolated from Indonesian marine waters, particularly from the Spermonde Islands. V. alginolyticus was another potential opportunistic pathogen in this area. These results gave the alarm to develop countermeasure methods for potential diseases to minimize the possible outbreak of vibriosis.
Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of T1 transgenic yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) carrying neomycin phosphotransferase II gene Muhammad Burhanuddin Irsyadi; Widhi Dyah Sawitri; Aziz Purwantoro
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231202

Abstract

Abstract. Irsyadi MB, Sawitri WD, Purwantoro A. 2022. Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of T1 transgenic yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) carrying neomycin phosphotransferase II gene. Biodiversitas 23: 6097-6105. Yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) is a tropical ornamental flower that contains secondary metabolites useful fornatural pesticide application. Plant genetic transformation is one genetic engineering method used to increase secondary metabolite accumulation. However, published reports on this issue have yet to be made available. This is the first report of genetic transformation in transgenic yellow cosmos using neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) encoding gene. This study aimed to determine the efficiency transformation and phenotypic character of the T1 yellow cosmos transgenic nptII. This genetic transformation was carried out by the floral dip method mediated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens and characterized based on quantitative and qualitative observations, as well as a cluster analysis of transgenic plants. The T1 transgenic yellow cosmos was confirmed using PCR with a transformation efficiency of 73.33% based on the total plants resistant to Kanamycin and 10.57% based on the total seeds transformed. The presence of the nptII encoding gene was shown in transgenic plant samples with a size of 550 bp. In general, the introduction of the nptII gene generated no novel traits except the resistance to the kanamycin antibiotic. However, there was a decrease and increase in the number of stomata and the size of stomata in transgenic plants, respectively. In addition, there was a change in the type of ray floret to a mixture of ligulate and tubular, indicating that the nptII gene affected the phenotype of yellow cosmos. The result revealed that the nptII gene was inserted fairly randomly into the plant genome.
Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals biodiversity marine fish diversity of a small island at Manokwari District, West Papua, Indonesia Bayu Pranata; Aradea Bujana Kusuma; Vera Sabariah; Hyun Woo Kim; Sapto Andriyono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231152

Abstract

Abstract. Pranata B, Kusuma AB, Sabariah V, Kim HW, Andriwiyono S. 2022. Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals biodiversity marine fish diversity of a small island at Manokwari District, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5982-5988. The uniqueness of small island biodiversity becomes very important to study. Molecular approaches to collecting biodiversity information are currently quite developed. Manokwari district, which is located at the head of Papua Island, Indonesia, has very diversity of marine resources, especially coral reef fish. Currently, we successfully identified marine fish in the coral reef fish ecosystem of Lemon and Mansinam Island. Environmental DNA on Lemon Island and Mansinam Island was successfully carried out. This small island area is located in Manokwari District, Papua, which has a high biodiversity potential, including fishery resources. The MiFish pipeline is used in this Metabarcoding approach by combining water samples from Lemon Island and Mansinam Island. We filtered 1 liter of marine water and pool together from fourteen sampling sites for genomic DNA extraction. A total of 101,001 reads (88.31%) were assigned to 34 species. From the environmental DNA metabarcoding analysis results, the Pomacentridae (8 species), which are reef fish, dominate in this area. Besides, Acanthuridae, Carangidae, and Lutjanidae were identified in this area, which as coral reef fish associates. The results of this environmental DNA also identified 2 species from the Family Scombridae, namely Gymnosarda unicolor and Thunnus obesus. This information is expected to support the sustainable management of the Lemon Island and Mansinam Island Areas for tourism and conservation activities.
Inventory of terrestrial vertebrate wildlife species in a private-owned forest patch in Tagum City, Mindanao, Philippines Lief Erikson D Gamalo; Shiela Mae E Cabrera; Noel Carl L De Los Reyes; Aleyla E De Cadiz; Joselito B Chavez Jr.; Aaron Froilan M Raganas; Ma. Niña Regina M Quibod
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240250

Abstract

Abstract. Gamalo LED, Cabrera SME, Reyes NCLDL, Cadiz AED, JR Chavez JB, Raganas AFM, Quibod MANRM. 2023. Inventory of terrestrial vertebrate wildlife species in a private-owned forest patch in Tagum City, Mindanao, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 1104-1116. The 93-hectare Hijo Forest, owned by the Hijo Resources Corporation, is known for its rich flora and fauna species, such as the populations of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and Philippine warty pigs (Sus philippensis). In 2021, the Hijo management reported a mass die-off of Philippine warty pigs in the area due to the African Swine Fever (ASF) outbreak. In response to this, conservation actions and research initiatives were initiated. This includes the inventory of wildlife vertebrate fauna in the forest through day and night transect surveys, mist netting, trapping, and opportunistic sampling. A total of 12 mammals, 16 reptiles, 10 amphibians, and 67 bird species were recorded in the study. Local reports also contributed to the addition of seven taxa not recorded by the team. In total, 125 terrestrial vertebrate wildlife species inhabiting the Hijo forest were identified based on past and present fieldwork and local reports. These include species considered Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Other Threatened Species, namely M. fascicularis, Carlito syrichta, Sus philippensis, Hydrosaurus pustulatus, Ophiophagus hannah, Naja samarensis, Gonyosoma oxycephalum, Malayopython reticulatus, Tropidolaemus subannulatus, Gekko intermedium, Gekko gecko, Cuora amboinensis, Varanus cumingi, Penelopides affinis, Phapitreron amethystinus, Hypothymis helenae and Loriculus philippensis. The high species richness of vertebrate fauna and the presence of numerous threatened species highlights the importance of the Hijo forest in biodiversity conservation in the region. At the same time, the presence of threats, such as the recent local extinction of Philippine warty pigs due to ASF, signals an immediate call for continuous and long-term protection of the forest. This includes collaboration with research universities, government and private institutions, and other organizations, and the need for a long-term education program to be implemented in the area.
Monitoring of the habitat usage of Tembadau (Bos javanicus lowi) around salt lick in a forest plantation of Sabah, Malaysia Hiew Suet Enn; Baba Musta; Mohd Sani Sarjadi; Mandy Maid; Maznah Muning; Julius Kodoh; Collin Goh; Marylyn Jonalius; Jephte Sompud
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231162

Abstract

Abstract. Enn HS, Musta B, Sarjadi MS, Maid M, Muning M, Kodoh J, Goh C, Jonalius M, Sompud J. 2022. Monitoring of the habitat usage of Tembadau (Bos javanicus lowi) around salt lick in a forest plantation of Sabah, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 23: 6062-6069. Tembadau (Bos javanicus lowi) is a wild cattle endemic to Borneo Island, especially in Sabah, Malaysia. Their population is declining due to habitat loss and illegal hunting. Previous researchers have reported that hunting pressure and forest fragmentation due to the conversion of natural forests into oil palm plantations are driving the species into the looming extinction of this species. Tembadau is well known for using the salt lick in its habitat. Salt licks are rich in minerals, or feeding sites are important as critical temporal use for wildlife, including Tembadau. The lack of data on the ecological behavior of Tembadau in salt lick areas caused difficulties in monitoring their population in the forest. It may undermine their conservation, especially in the forest plantations. The habitat usage of the Tembadau in this study was expressed in the detection rate and activity pattern. This study aimed to compare Tembadau’s detection rate at salt and non-salt lick areas in a forest plantation situated at the Segaliud Lokan Forest Reserve, Sandakan, Sabah. The activity pattern of Tembadau between a salt lick and non-salt lick areas was also determined. A camera trap survey was carried out from 2 November 2019 to 6 September 2020 to collect the presence, absence and activity pattern of Tembadau. The results show that the detection rate of Tembadau was higher in salt licks, especially salt lick C59SL (n: 171, U: 3187.5, p: 0.003). Tembadau at the salt licks expressed all diurnal, nocturnal and crepuscular behavior but was primarily active at night (n: 12, 43% of nocturnal behavior). Salt licks are beneficial for wildlife to provide the essential elements of intake, health and reproductive success. These findings are helpful information for the monitoring and further conservation work for the species, especially in forest plantation areas. It also provides essential baseline data for lawmakers to make policies for the total protection of salt licks in forest plantations.
Isolation and molecular identification of halotolerant diazotrophic bacteria from The Northern Coastal of Pemalang, Central Java, Indonesia PURWANTO PURWANTO; EKA OKTAVIANI; NI WAYAN ANIK LEANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231135

Abstract

Abstract. Purwanto, Oktaviani E, Leana NWA. 2022. Isolation and molecular identification of halotolerant diazotrophic bacteria from The Northern Coastal of Pemalang, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5814-5821. Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria can fix nitrogen, a very important macronutrient for plant growth. However, the application of urea as a source of this macronutrient has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, developing biofertilizers using N-fixing bacteria is an environmentally friendly technology. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and analyze the diversity of N2-fixing bacteria from saline rice fields. The soil samples were taken from the rhizosphere of rice plants in Nyamplung Sari Village, Petarukan District, Pemalang Regency. Meanwhile, 9 (nine) isolates of nitrogen-fixing bacteria have been isolated, which can fix N2. The isolates can bind to N2, but only a few can produce IAA. The nitrogen-fixing ability of diazotrophic bacteria ranged from 17.85 ppm to 29.05 ppm. Isolate Jn3 has the highest ability to fix nitrogen, reaching 29.05 ppm, while Jn3, J, J12, J5, Kn1, and A3 can produce IAA with values of 2.00, 2.69, 2.22, 1.76, 3.47, and 1.79 ppm, respectively. Based on the 16S rRNA analysis and phylogeny construction, the isolated bacteria were identified in 3 (three) clusters. The first cluster was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri and Acinetobacter junii (Kn1 and Jn3), while the second was identified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus tropicus, Bacillus altitudinis, and Bacillus subtilis (Jn, Jn1, A3, and K3 isolates). The third cluster was identified as Bacillus pumilus, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Acinetobacter schindleri (J12, J5, and J). In addition, our study reported the findings of Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter schindleri species that can fix nitrogen.

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