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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 427   428   429   430   431 
Potential of prospective medicinal plants of Rhizophoraceae from North Kalimantan, Indonesia SAAT EGRA; HARLINDA KUSPRADINI; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; IRMANIDA BATUBARA; IMRA IMRA; NURJANNAH NURJANNAH; ETTY WAHYUNI; KOSEI YAMAUCHI; TOHRU MITSUNAGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240303

Abstract

Abstract. Egra S, Kuspradini H, Kusuma IW, Batubara I, Imra, Nurjannah, Wahyuni E, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. 2023. Potential of prospective medicinal plants of Rhizophoraceaefrom North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1346-1355. The abundance of mangrove forests in the equatorial region necessitates proper management, including the sustainable use of plant parts for functional products such as food, medicine, etc. This study aimed to assess the medicinal potential of five mangrove plants through phytochemical analysis, antibacterial assays against Streptococcus sobrinus, DPPH free radicals, and toxicity assay using Artemia salina L., Bruguiera parviflora(Roxb.) Wight and Arn. ex Griff, Bruguiera cylindrica(L.) Blume, Ceriops tagal(Perr.). The plants used were Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob, Rhizophora mucronata Poir, and Rhizophora apiculata Blume. Plant samples were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol in that order, and then the obtained plant extracts were subjected to various assays. The results showed that B. cylindrica wood and C. tagal leaf extract had the highest antibacterial activity, with more than 50% relative inhibition. The C. tagal leaf methanolic extract had the highest antioxidant activity, by 91% relative inhibition. Followed by R. mucronata wood ethyl acetate extract and B. parviflora leaf methanolic extract, with 87% and 86%, respectively. The highest value in the cytotoxicity assay was discovered in the B. cylindrica in the very strong category with an LC50value of 22.9 µg/mL. The present study revealed the potential of mangrove plant extracts to have strong antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties.
Isolation and screening of Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and their effects on seedling growth of Paraserianthes falcataria YUSRAN YUSRAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240443

Abstract

Abstract. Yusran Y. 2023. Isolation and screening of Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici and their effects on seedling growth of Paraserianthes falcataria. Biodiversitas 24: 2294-2301. Pseudomonas fluorescens plays a major role in biological control of pathogens and plant growth promotion as well with various mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to determine the biochemical characteristics of several Pseudomonas spp. isolates and to screen them against root pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp radicis-lycopersici (FORL) and to evaluate their effect on the growth enhancement of Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) I.C. Nielsen seedlings. About 28 Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates were isolated from the rhizosphere of several plants and identified based on their physiological and morphological characters as well as their biochemical reactions. All isolates were tested for their ability to suppress FORL growth in vitro. All isolates inhibited FORL growth with varying inhibition zones. Six P. fluorescens isolates showed highest inhibition zones, namely TMTP4, TMTP5, TMTP6, SCPA1, SCPB3 and Proradix. The results showed that eight Pseudomonas isolates, namely TMTP4, TMTP5, TMTP6, SCPA1, SCPB3, SMPB3, TMTA2 and Proradix had a significantly different effect compared to the control treatment in increasing the growth of Paraserianthes seedlings. Based on our findings, it was confirmed that some P. fluorescens isolates could be used as potential bio-inoculants for controlling plant diseases caused by FORL and as a biological fertilizer to increase plant growth.
Characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from Piper ornatum leaf extract and its activity against food borne pathogen Staphylococcus aureus FIRLI RAHMAH PRIMULA DEWI; VUANGHAO LIM; A’LIYATUR ROSYIDAH; FATIMAH FATIMAH; SRI PUJI ASTUTI WAHYUNINGSIH; UMMI ZUBAIDAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240348

Abstract

Abstract. Dewi FRP, Lim V, Rosyidah A, Fatimah, Wahyuningsih SPA, Zubaidah U. 2023. Characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from Piper ornatumleaf extract and its activity against food borne pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Biodiversitas 24: 1742-1748. Staphylococcus aureusis the most recurrent food borne pathogen that commonly resists antibiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have potential to solve bacterial multidrug resistance. This study aims to assess bactericidal activityof AgNPs against S. aureussynthesized from Piper ornatumleaf extract. Biosynthesis was performed by mixing P. ornatumextract with AgNO3aqueous solution and then incubating for 24 h at room temperature under dark condition. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by changing optical color from light yellowish to dark brown with a peak of UV spectrum at ~500 nm. According to SEM imaging, AgNPs had spherical form whereas EDS analysis revealed strong signal at 3 kV indicating existence of silver element. Meanwhile, face-centered cubic structures of AgNPs were indicated by XRD analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed ketone, flouro, and amine as functional groups presented in extract were essential for the bioreduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles. This study revealed that AgNPs have a potent bactericidal effect. In vitroevaluation using agar well-diffusion assay showed high inhibition zone of S. aureus (14.28±0.26) upon treating with 25 µg/m L AgNPs while MIC value was 5 µg/mL. However, antibiotic erythromycin and chloramphenicol respectively exhibited better inhibition zone and MIC value.
Rapid diversity assessment of litter myxomycete assemblages in the upland and coastal terrains of San Fernando City, La Union, Philippines RAMON CARLO BALAORO-BANZUELA; CHRISTIAN ELMARC OCENAR-BAUTISTA; DON ENRICO BUEBOS-ESTEVE; CELINE YSSABELL CLAUDIO-PARAGAS; JAMES EDUARD LIMBO-DIZON; NIKKI HEHERSON A. DAGAMAC
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240542

Abstract

Abstract. Balaoro-Banzuela RC, Ocenar-Bautista CE, Buebos-Esteve DE, Claudio-Paragas CY, Limbo-Dizon JE, Dagamac NHA. 2023. Rapid diversity assessment of litter myxomycete assemblages in the upland and coastal terrains of San Fernando City, La Union, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 2877-2886. Over the past few years, increasing studies have been on diversity assessments of myxomycetes in the Philippines. Despite these, their utility as bioindicators to evaluate approaches for sustainable ecosystem management remains largely unexplored. Following the ridge-to-reef (R2R) approach, a comparative diversity assessment was conducted between the upland and coastal terrains of San Fernando City, La Union, Philippines. Aerial and ground litter were haphazardly collected and cultivated at ambient conditions using the moist chamber (MC) technique. MCs were highly productive, exhaustively yielding a total of 27 distinct species belonging to 10 different genera. Regarding abundance, 15 species were rare, and four were occasional, common, and abundant. Both species richness and occurrence of rare taxa were higher in the upland terrain than in the coastal terrain. However, several ?-diversity indices hinted at no significant difference in species diversity between terrains and substrates. At the community level, clustering analyses and other ?-diversity indices revealed that myxomycete assemblages were more similar in terrain than the substrate. This study implicates using myxomycetes as proxy biological models to reflect the ecological influences of plant heterogeneity and human-mediated disturbance. This allows its integration into local policymaking with adherence to R2R management.
Floristic diversity and economic importance of wild relatives of cultivated plants in Uzbekistan (Central Asia) OZODBEK S. ABDURAIMOV; AZIZBEK V. MAXMUDOV; IGOR KOVALENKO; AKMAL L. ALLAMUROTOV; BEKZOD J. MAVLANOV; SARIBAEVA U. SHAKHNOZA; ODILBEK T. MAMATKASIMOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240340

Abstract

Abstract. Abduraimov OS, Maxmudov AV, Kovalenko I, Allamurotov AL, Mavlanov BJ, Shakhnoza SU, Mamatkasimov OT. 2023. Floristic diversity and economic importance of wild relatives of cultivated plants in Uzbekistan (Central Asia). Biodiversitas 24: 1668-1675. The countries of Central Asia are considered one of the Centers of origin of cultivated plants and their wild relatives. Indigenous people have used these plants for several centuries. Our study was carried out in 2020-2022 in different biogeographical regions of Uzbekistan. Data from field studies and literature showed that in the flora of Uzbekistan, there are 24 families, including 202 species belonging to 102 genera. In the current investigation, an attempt has been made to document the floristic diversity and economic importance of wild relatives of cultivated plants in Uzbekistan. Wild Relatives of Cultivated Plants (WRCP) and cultivated species form an integral part of the genetic resources of plants that determine the food security of the assessment and are subject to conservation at the international level. The WRCP includes species of natural flora that are evolutionarily close to cultivated plants, are included in the same genus, and are potentially suitable for introducing into culture for creating or improving cultivated plant varieties. Most wild relatives of crop plants worldwide need to be addressed and utilized, recognizing their real potential. Humans have been using these plants for several centuries. In recent years, the demand for food has been increasing. Our study suggests making them possible to use these varieties of plants regularly.
First report of pentastomiasis and the lung histopathological changes in Oriental Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosa) in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia HANI PLUMERIASTUTI; GARINDRA TIARA PRANASHINTA; LUCIA TRI SUWANTI; ANNISE PROBONINGRAT; KUSNOTO KUSNOTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240414

Abstract

Abstract. Plumeriastuti H, Pranashinta GT, Suwanti LT, Proboningrat A, Kusnoto. 2023. First report of pentastomiasis and the lung histopathological changes in Oriental Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosa) in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2045-2051. Currently, reptiles, especially snakes, are increasingly popular as pets worldwide and are often consumed by several communities in Indonesia. This trend needs attention from a public health perspective because it can potentially cause zoonotic diseases, including parasitic disease such as pentastomiasis. This study aimed to determine: the prevalence of pentastomiasis, identify the parasite and observe the pulmonary histopathology in Oriental Rat Snakes (Ptyas mucosa Linnaeus 1758) collected in Tulangan, Sidoarjo, Indonesia. The methods used were calculating the prevalence of pentastomiasis, semichen-acetic carmine staining, and identifying parasites and eggs based on references as a comparison. Furthermore, histopathological preparation and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed on the lungs infected with the parasite to observe the microscopic lesions. The results showed that 65% of the snakes had pentastomiasis, and the parasites were called Kiricephalus pattoni Stephens 1908. Furthermore, a microscopical examination revealed mild fibrosis in the pulmonary area due to pentastomid infestation. This study is the first reported pentastomida in P. mucosain Sidoarjo, Indonesia, showing that snakes caught and commonly consumed were infected with zoonotic pentastomic.
Temporal and spatial distribution of plankton community in three Indonesian salt pond environments RINI SUSILOWATI; DIETRIECH G. BENGEN; MAJARIANA KRISANTI; HEDI INDRA JANUAR; IMAN RUSMANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240359

Abstract

Abstract. Susilowati R, Bengen DG, Krisanti M, Januar HI, Rusmana I. 2023. Temporal and spatial distribution of plankton community in three Indonesian salt pond environments. Biodiversitas 24: 1833-1844. Plankton is a biological community that plays an important role in biological systems during salt crystallization. The correlation between plankton communities and water quality parameters was examined in three salt pond center areas (Brebes, Tuban, and Sampang). The values of nutrient content in Brebes were higher compared to other locations, with phosphate (5.38-5.66 mg/L), nitrate (0.17-0.74 mg/L), nitrite (0.07-0.1 mg/L), and total organic matter (0.03-0.07 mg/L). Based on multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in the abundance of plankton among the three salt pond locations. Furthermore, Spearman's correlation test indicated a negative correlation (Sig<0.05) between salinity and the abundance and diversity of plankton. The highest abundance of phytoplankton (127,721±11.227 cells/L) and zooplankton (3,339±391 idvs/L) was found in the Brebes. Phytoplankton from the genera Bacillarophyceae Bacillarophyceae was dominant in the three locations. In Brebes and Sampang, the dominant classes of zooplankton were Litostomatea, whereas, Oligotrichea was dominant in Tuban, The phytoplankton community structure has a diversity index (H') of 0.91-2.05, and Evenness index (E) ranging from 0.12-0.20, and a dominance index (C) showing a level of 0.14-0.34. At the same time, the zooplankton community has a diversity index (H') of 0.81-1.64, an evenness index (E) that has ranged from 0.18-0.22, and a dominance index (C) that has ranged from 0.03-0.20. The research examines plankton communities in varying salinity and their response to environmental changes. This data is useful for managing salt pond productivity, vital for sustainable and high-quality salt production.
Morpho-physiological-based selection criteria for chili (Capsicum annuum) under drought stress during vegetative to generative phase PENI LESTARI; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; WAHYU WIDIYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240445

Abstract

Abstract. Istiqomah I, Isnansetyo A, Murwantoko, Handayani DP, Lestari YN, Taslihan A, Permana IGN, Wijayanti E. 2023. Antibiotic resistance of emerging pathogenic bacteria of hybrid grouper farming in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2493-2501. A hybrid grouper is among the main coastal farming species in Asian countries, yet vibriosis is still a significant issue. Therefore, a knowledge of pathogenic strains responsible for recent cases is essential for developing appropriate control measures. The purpose of the study was to describe emerging bacterial pathogens associated with hemorrhagic disorder, skin wounds, and mortality in cantang hybrid grouper farms in Indonesia. A total of 30 bacterial strains were recovered from the kidney of diseased grouper on TCBS agar. Based on the ability to induce clinical signs and mortality of grouper juveniles owing to intraperitoneal bacterial infection at 106 CFU/fish, the bacteria were divided into three groups: pathogenic (n=11), low-pathogenic (n=2), and non-pathogenic (n=17). The pathogenic strains were putatively identified as Photobacterium damselae subsp. damsela (n=8), Vibrio alginolyticus (n=1), Vibrio harveyi (n=2), and Vibrio azureus (n=2) based on the biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase B subunit gene sequences. The pathogenic bacteria were sensitive to erythromycin, gentamycin, oxytetracycline, and kanamycin. However, it still has various resistant patterns to ampicillin, fosfomycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, and enrofloxacin. This study demonstrated the emergence of pathogenic P. damselae subsp. damselae, Vibrio alginolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. azureus in grouper aquaculture in Indonesia with multiple antibiotic resistance, which needed to further studies.
Leaf morphological traits of nine major tropical trees of Shorea species (Dipterocarpaceae) NUR MUFARHATUN; ARIDA SUSILOWATI; IWAN HILWAN; NAWWALL ARROFAHA; KUSUMADEWI SRI YULITA; FIFI GUS DWIYANTI; ASEP HIDAYAT; KOICHI KAMIYA; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240344

Abstract

Abstract. Mufarhatun N, Susilowati A, Hilwan I, Arrofaha N, Yulita KS, Dwiyanti FG, Hidayat A, Kamiya K, Rachmat HH. 2023. Leaf morphological traits of nine major tropical trees of Shorea species (Dipterocarpaceae). Biodiversitas 24: 1704-1712. Shorea is the largest genus in the Dipterocarpaceae family and has high leaf morphological variations among its species, which causes difficulties in field identification. Therefore, information on the specific characteristics of the leaf morphology of each species is needed. This study aimed to examine and discriminate leaf morphological traits at both mature and sapling stages of nine Shorea species, namely Shorea balangeran (Korth.) Burck, S. leprosula Miq., S. mecistopteryx Ridl., S. multiflora (Burck) Symington, S. ovalis (Korth.) Blume, S. pinanga Scheff., S. platyclados Slooten ex Endert, S. selanica (Wight & Arn.) Blume, and S. stenoptera Burck. The leaves of 90 mature trees growing in the Dramaga Research Forest (DRF) and Gunung Dahu Research Forest (GDRF) as well as the leaves of 180 saplings growing in the nursery of Forest Research and Development Center (FRDC) were observed. Leaf traits, leaf color, and chlorophyll content were assessed on 3 leaves from each mature tree and 5 from each sapling collected. Furthermore, comparative analysis using F independent test in the one-way analysis variance (ANOVA), multivariate analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis were used in this study. The results showed that 8 of the 11 measured morphological traits were identified as the quantitative leaves morphological differentiators, namely Leaves Width (LW), Lamina Length (LL), the length between the largest Leaves Point (LP) with the base of the leaves, angle of leaves vein (SD), Petiole Length (PL), number of leaves vein (LB), breadth of the leaves (WL), and the Circumference of the Leaves (CL). In addition, the results of cluster analysis showed the nine Shorea spp. are clustered into two major groups. Group 1 consisted of species, S. stenoptera, and S. mecistopteryx, while the remaining are included in Group 2. Our findings conclude that the eight leaf morphological traits obtained from this study are useful as additional characters to distinguish the nine Shorea species in the field.
Metabolomic and sensomic approach to characterize key aroma of aromatic mangoes from Indonesia MARIA BELGIS; YULI WITONO; GIYARTO GIYARTO; NUR FATHONAH SADEK; ELOK LUTFI MASRUROH; HERLINA HERLINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240437

Abstract

Abstract. Belgis M, Witono Y, Giyarto, Sadek NF, Masruroh EL, Herlina. 2023. Metabolomic and sensomic approach to characterize key aroma of aromatic mangoes from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2242-2250. Garifta Merah, Garifta Orange, and Agri Gardina 45 are new mango cultivars with a strong aroma and attractive color from Indonesia. This study investigated aromatic constituents and sensory profiles using a combination of metabolomic and sensomic approaches of Garifta Merah, garifta Orange, and Gardina 45. Volatile compounds were extracted using Head Space-Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME), then identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Sensory descriptive Rate All That Apply (RATA) and hedonic tests were used for sensory attributes profiling and aroma-liking evaluation. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the predominant volatile compound in all cultivars; however, it was also accompanied by esters in Garifta Orange and Agri Gardina 45. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) classified those cultivars into different groups. Garifta Merah was characterized by higher ?-pinene, while Garifta Orange was characterized by high ethyl butanoate. Agri Gardina was in the separate group characterized by ?-trans ocimene, ethyl butanoate, and isopentyl butanoate. The identified compounds in all cultivars had Odor Active Value (OAV)>1 and correlated to their sensory profile described by assessors. Garifta Orange was perceived to have the highest overall aroma liking among all cultivars. It was presumably due to the high ethyl butanoate content related to the pineapple, mango, fruity, and fermented attributes.

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