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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Floristic composition and diversity of indigenous wild food resources in northwestern Cagayan, Philippines SHELLA B. CACATIAN; JOHN LESTER T. TABIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240446

Abstract

Abstract. Cacatian SB, Tabian JLT. 2023. Floristic composition and diversity of indigenous wild food resources in Northwestern Cagayan, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 2324-2333. The indigenous knowledge of the floristic composition and the species diversity of wild food resources are primary indicators for wildlife management and conservation. The present study surveyed the ethnobotany of the indigenous wild plants, the possible environmental threats, and the traditional conservation practices of the rural people in the remote barangays of Sta. Praxedes, Claveria, Sanchez Mira, Pamplona and Abulug in Northwestern Cagayan, Philippines. The study employed a field-based cross-sectional design. Forty-eight wild plant species belonging to 42 families, mainly Moraceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae and Cucurbitaceae, were harvested for food by the rural communities in the study areas. Among the identified species, trees and perennials were reported to be the most dominant. The most significant proportion grows in the lowland. Fruits and leaves are the most harvested plant parts consumed raw and or cooked. The phenological calendar was developed in relation to the specific months when the edible plant parts are available for harvest within the study sites. Agricultural land expansion or development, overexploitation of wildlife, and excessive rainfall are the greatest threats to plant diversity. Considering the importance of these food resources, the locals primarily keep and protect them from potential threats through harvesting and use of selected plants or plant parts, collecting firewood from dead and fallen trees, and domesticating and cultivating indigenous wild plants.
Short Communication: Differences in phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of Portulaca oleracea and Portulaca grandiflora SYARIFAH IIS AISYAH; ALDILA WIDYA PUTRI OKTAVIA; AULIA ARDHIAN AYUNINGTYAS; RAIHAN PERMANA PUTRA; SELNIS PRASSISKA; SITI JAMILAH; WARAS NURCHOLIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240307

Abstract

Abstract. Aisyah SI, Oktavia AWP, Ayuningtyas AA, Putra RP, Prassiska S, Jamilah S, Nurcholis W. 2023. Short Communication: Differences in phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of Portulaca oleracea and Portulaca grandiflora. Biodiversitas 24: 1385-1390. Portulaca oleracea and Portulaca grandiflora are medicinal ornamental plants used in traditional and modern medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity in two purslane plants, P. oleracea,and P. grandiflora. The purslane ethanol extract was obtained by sonication and maceration methods. The phytochemical screening included the examination of secondary plant metabolites, while antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. The results showed that both extract samples contain alkaloids, phenol hydroquinones, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and steroids. The highest ABTS antioxidant activity was found in P. grandiflora extract at 26.93 µmol TE/g FW compared to P. oleracea extract at 15.98 µmol TE/g FW. The highest CUPRAC antioxidant activity was found in the P. oleracea extract at 33.22 µmol TE/g FW, while in the P. grandiflora extract, it was 18.55 µmol TE/g FW. Based on the results, it was concluded that the chemical complexity of various purslane plants causes differences in the antioxidant capacity.
Population and autecology of the endangered Rafflesia meijeri in Batang Gadis National Park, Indonesia RIDAHATI RAMBEY; NIRWAN SAPUTRA; IFHAM FUADI RAMBE; BOBBY NOPANDRY; SYAHDIN ZUNAIDI; EVO LORIVA CHRISTY; TEGUH SETIAWAN; YUNUS AFIFUDDIN; ADRIAN HARTANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240360

Abstract

Abstract. Rambey R, Saputra N, Rambe IF, Nopandry B, Zunaidi S, Christy EL, Setiawan T, Afifuddin Y, Hartanto A. 2023. Population and autecology of the endangered Rafflesia meijeri in Batang Gadis National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1845-1852. Indonesia is renowned for its tropical forests, which harbor high biodiversity. One of the notable flora found in the Indonesian forest is the holoparasitic plant Rafflesia, which attaches to its host, Tetrastigma spp. Among the 30 species of Rafflesia, 11 species have geographical distribution in Indonesia, specifically in Sumatra, Java, and Kalimantan. Rafflesia is listed as Endangered by the IUCN Red List, highlighting the conservation importance of this plant group. The objective of this study was to determine the number of individuals, ecological conditions, and structure of plant species composition in the habitat of Rafflesia meijeri Wiriad. & Sari in two localities (i.e. Sopotinjak and Pagar Gunung) in Batang Gadis National Park. Population and autecology data of R. meijeri were collected using the nested plot method and the vegetation community was analyzed in terms of the Importance Value Index (IVI), biodiversity and richness indices. The results of the study indicated that in Sopotinjak there was one individual of R. meijeri in the bract phase, two individuals in the ruptured copule phase, and 13 individuals in the round copule phase. In Pagar Gunung, there were 19 individuals in the late blooming phase, seven individuals were in the bract phase, three individuals were in the copule phase, and two individuals were in the ruptured copule phase. Species with the highest IVI in the vegetation community around the habitat of R. meijeri from seedling, sapling, pole to tree level in Pagar Gunung were Litsea firma (Blume) Hook.fil., Eugenia pyriformis Cambess., Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume, and Castanopsis javanica (Blume) A.DC., respectively. Species that were significantly associated with R. meijeri in Sopotinjak were Kyllinga brevifolia, Melastoma malabathricum L., Calamus paspalanthus Becc, Calamus rotang L., and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth. The discovery of nine specimens of the host plant Tetrastigma papillosum (Blume) Planch. in Pagar Gunung and Sopotinjak indicates the importance conservation efforts aimed at conserving R. meijeri, as well as the flora and habitats that are intricately linked to it.
Effect of acetylation treatment on the physicochemical and morphological properties of three sweet potato starches (Ipomoea batatas) TRIANA KUSUMANINGSIH; MAULIDAN FIRDAUS; DESI SUCI HANDAYANI; FYAN TRI ISTIQOMAH JUNEASRI; FAHREZA MUHAMMAD ANANTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240559

Abstract

Abstract. Kusumaningsih T, Firdaus M, Handayani DS, Juneasri FTI, Ananta FM. 2023. Effect of acetylation treatment on the physicochemical and morphological properties of three sweet potato starches (Ipomoea batatas). Biodiversitas 24: 3038-3044. Irrespective of their promising applications, native starches still present some limitations for food industry purposes as a result of their unsatisfactory physicochemical characteristics. Nevertheless, these shortcomings can be overcome with the proper modification efforts. In this study, three different starches of sweet potatoes (white, yellow, and purple) were isolated from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. have been modified by employing an acetylation reaction using acetic anhydride at concentrations of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%. The change in the Degree of Substitution (DS) value along with the presence of carbonyl group peaks and a decrease in the intensity of the hydroxyl group peaks after acetylation confirmed the success of the starch modification. DS showed a maximum value at 7% acetic anhydride concentration in acetate starch of 0.0492, 0.0509, and 0.0718 for white, yellow, and purple acetate sweet potatoes, respectively. The DS value of starch acetates demonstrates results that are consistent with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations (less than 2.45%), indicating that modified starches have the potential to be used in the food industry. Surface morphology analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) instrument also confirmed the success of the acetylation process, where the acetylated starch surface became rougher than the original starch surface. Several physicochemical properties, including amylose, amylopectin, swelling power, water solubility, and Water Binding Capacity (WBC), were determined and showed that starch acetate has favorable characteristics for further applications in the food industry.
Diversity and abundance of plankton community in Tawang and Prigi Bays, natural settlement habitats of Spiny Lobster larvae in East Java, Indonesia ENDANG DEWI MASITHAH; MUHAMMAD GIANO FADHILAH; MUHAMAD AMIN; KURNIATI UMRAH NUR; LAILA MUSDALIFAH; SHIFANIA HANIFA SAMARA; YUDI CAHYOKO; ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN; SAHRUL ALIM; BAGUS DWI HARI SETYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240337

Abstract

Abstract. Masithah ED, Fadhilah MG, Amin M, Nur KU, Musdalifah L, Samara SH, Cahyoko Y, Alimuddin, Alim S, Setyono BDH. 2023. Diversity and abundance of plankton community in Prigi and Tawang Bays, natural settlement habitats of Spiny Lobster larvae in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1642-1649. Prigi and Tawang Bays have been well-known as settlement areas for spiny lobster larvae, Panulirus spp., in East Java, Indonesia. These locations may suggest suitable environments including diet availability for lobster larvae. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the type and abundance of plankton in both locations to discover potential live diets for lobster larvae. This study also explored plankton’s diversity, uniformity, and dominance indices in both locations. Plankton samples in each location were collected using a plankton net at four depths: 0.3 m, 2.5 m, 5 m, and 20 m with three replicates. The results revealed that 17 plankton species were identified from 0.30 m depth, 13 at 2.5 m, 11 at 5 m, and 13 at 20 m depth at Prigi Bay. In addition, 17 plankton species were discovered at 0.3 m depth, 11 at 2.5 m, 12 at 5 m, and 12 at 20 m at Tawang Bay. Among the most abundant species were Acartia sp., Calanus sp., Paracyclopina sp., and Oithona sp. The diversity indices observed in Karanggongso of Prigi Bay and Tawang Bay ranged from 2.02-2.49 and 2.17-2.65, respectively, within the moderate range. Similarly, the uniformity indices observed at both locations were moderate, ranging from 0.38-0.45 at Prigi Bay and 0.41-0.46 at Tawang Bay. There were no dominant species at both locations, as the dominance index values ranged from 0.13-0.30. Among the identified plankton species, Oithona sp., Calanus sp., Paracyclopina sp., and Acartia sp. are considered potential live feed for lobster larvae, and thus should be further studied.
Nematode functional traits and community structure change from river to the terrestrial border in Segara Anakan Mangrove, Indonesia ARDHINI RIN MAHARNING; ERWIN RIYANTO ARDLI; ROMANUS EDY PRABOWO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240459

Abstract

Abstract. Maharning AR, Ardli ER, Prabowo RE. 2023. Nematode functional traits and community structure change from river to the terrestrial border in Segara Anakan Mangrove, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2434-2446. We intended to explore the spatial distribution of nematode functional traits and community structure in Segara Anakan Mangrove, Indonesia. Samples were retrieved from 14 stations, extending from the river to the area adjacent to terrestrial forest. We used taxonomic and functional trait identification, covering body shape, length, tail shape, feeding type, and life history as independent traits, and combined traits by collecting traits describing individual nematodes. The principal component analysis suggested that predatory or omnivorous or long-size nematodes mainly inhabited stations adjacent to the terrestrial forest but were unclear for the mid-stations. There were 29 combined traits and 38 genera of nematodes observed. The detrended correspondence analysis revealed that nematode compositional changes from the river to the terrestrial adjacent area were clearer for the combined traits and nematode genera. Seven combined traits and 12 genera inhabited only the particular stations of the study site. The common nematodes were slender, 1-2 mm long, elongated filiform tails, non-selective deposit feeders, and very tolerant to pollutants, which lived in almost all stations (92.86%). The genus relative abundance (>10%) included Anoplostoma, Eubostrichus, and Chromadorina. The results suggest that distance from the river might regulate the habitability of nematodes, in which nematode functional traits play roles.
Ethnobotany of Zingiberaceae in Mae Hong Son, Northern Thailand ANGKHANA INTA; CHUSIE TRISONTHI; WITTAYA PONGAMORNKUL; PRATEEP PANYADEE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240422

Abstract

Abstract. Inta A, Trisonthi C, Pongamornkul W, Panyadee P. 2023. Ethnobotany of Zingiberaceae in Mae Hong Son, Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 2114-2124. Zingiberaceae (ginger family) is one of the most important used plant families in Thailand. In this study, the uses of ginger species among the ethnic groups in Mae Hong Son province, northern Thailand, was investigated, which aims to answer these questions: how much diversity of ginger species is being used by the ethnicities in northern Thailand; which use categories are a most important use of ginger species? and which species or genera are the most important? The qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical investigations were conducted with informants through semi-structured interviewing during a walk-in-the-woods in the forest around the villages and home gardens. The importance of each ginger species was compared using the ethnobotanical indices, including use-report (UR), cultural importance index (CI), fidelity level (FL), and informant agreement ratio (IAR). Therefore, 1,218 use reports of local Zingiberaceae were recorded, belonging to six use categories; 33 native ginger species of 9 genera were found. Food and medicine are the two most dominant use categories, with 572 and 446 use reports, respectively. According to the number of UR and CI, the most important local Zingiberaceae species were Zingiber purpureum, Curcuma longa, Alpinia galanga, Z. officinale, Z. ottensii, Z. rubens and Amomum siamense, respectively. About half of the ethnomedicinal ginger species found in this study were first reported for their medicinal properties.
Ethnobiology study of Begawi traditional ceremony by Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia DIAH MARYYA ULFA; YUDIYANTO YUDIYANTO; NASRUL HAKIM; ANISATU Z. WAKHIDAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240530

Abstract

Abstract. Ulfa DM, Yudiyanto, Hakim N, Wakhidah AZ. 2023. Ethnobiology study of Begawi traditional ceremony by Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2768-2778. The Begawi ceremony is carried out by the people of Lampung Pepadun to obtain a traditional title. Many people do not know about plants, animals, parts of plants, parts of animals used and the meaning and philosophy contained therein. This study aimed to determine the stages of the Begawi ceremony procession of the Lampung Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia, the species of plants used and the used part, the species of animals used and the used part, and the philosophy contained in the Begawi ceremony. This research is qualitative field research. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The snowball sampling method was used to select the respondents. The results showed that the stages of the ceremony consisted of peppung, cangget, ngediyo, nigel, turun mandei, musek, nikel kibau, and cakak pepadun. Twenty five species of plants from 17 families and 4 species of animals from three families are used in Begawi traditional ceremony. Plant parts used are stems, flowers, leaves, seeds, buds and fruit. The philosophy contained therein is peace, prosperity, well-being, and gratitude to God Almighty. Plant conservation efforts have been made, but no conservation efforts have been made for the animals used.
Identification of bacterial isolates of Tumpang and Bumiasri (East Java, Indonesia) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screening of their active compounds as a biofertilizer INDAH PRIHARTIN; AKHIS SOLEH ISMAIL; HENIK SUKORINI; FATIMAH NURSANDI; AULIA ZAKIA; FARUSA ANGGITA RISYAWAL FARAHDINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240629

Abstract

Abstract. Prihartin I, Ismail AS, Sukorini H, Nursandi F, Zakia A, Farahdina FAR. 2023. Identification of bacterial isolates of Tumpang and Bumiasri (East Java, Indonesia) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screening of their active compounds as a biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 24: 3338-3343. The objective of the study was to identify Tumpang (TPG) and Bumiasri (BAS) isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screen-on biofertilizer active-compounds. Research materials used in the study were bacterial isolates of TPG isolated from Tumpang area and BAS isolated from Bumiasri area, East Java, Indonesia. The variables observed was isolate identification using 16S-rRNA gene and screen for active compounds for biofertilizer using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS-QTOF). The biofertilizer composed of mineral mix (P, K, Fe, Mg and S), rice-straw extract, water and TPG isolate as C1 Biofertilizer and BAS as C2 Biofertilizer. The sequencing results of TPG isolates obtained DNA sequences that resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus fusiformis with a similarity of 99%, while BAS isolate resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus macroides with a similarity of 99%. These genes sequences have been submitted to GenBank under the bacterial names L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The LC-MS/MS-QTOF screening result shows that the C1 biofertilizer contain benzoic-acid compound, 4-(butylamino), methoxycinnamyl P-coumarate. Futhermore, betaine (glycine betaine) and benzoic-acid 4-(butylamino) was identified in C2. So, the TPG and BAS isolates was confirmed as L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The both C1 and C2 biofertilizer consists two active-compounds.
Pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp (Litopanaeus vannamei) in Serang, Banten, Indonesia AFANDI SAPUTRA; MAFTUCH MAFTUCH; SRI ANDAYANI; UUN YANUHAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240451

Abstract

Abstract. Saputra A, Maftuch, Andayani S, Yanuhar U. 2023. Pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp (Litopanaeus vannamei) in Serang, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2365-2373. Vannamei shrimp target EMS (Early Mortality Syndrome)/AHPND (Acute Hepotopancreatic Necrosis Disease) cases in several Asian nations, including China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, India, and Indonesia. AHPND cases on shrimp farms have been reported in several Indonesian regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in different shrimp tissues exposed to different doses and durations of exposure. PCR amplification of V. parahaemolyticus was performed using Vp.flaE-79F (5?-GCA GCT GAT CAA AAC GTT GAG T-3?) and Vp.flaE-934R (5?-GATACCTTGTTACGACTT -3?) primers for molecular identification of bacteria isolated from shrimp exhibiting AHPND symptoms. V. parahaemolyticus positive target band at 897 bp. Bacterial isolates with green colonies on TCBS agar media were chosen for other test. Challenge tests with healthy shrimp were conducted using the V. parahaemolyticus strain. The challenge test on shrimp demonstrated the same clinical and pathological symptoms as the signs of infected shrimp in rivers, including swimming into the container’s corner and changes in the carapace’s pale color and empty midgut. The results showed that challenged shrimp displayed necrosis, atrophy, granulomas, cell sloughing, and had significantly considerable hemocyte infiltration that led to melanization. The highest percentage (63.33%) of damage was recorded in the treatment with a concentration of 108 CFU mL-1. It was also observed that virulence of V. parahaemolyticus strain varied with different concentrations. At concentrations of 108 CFU mL-1 and 106 CFU mL-1, virulence of V. parahaemolyticus strain caused 100% mortality in 73 hour post-infection (p.i). The lowest concentration limit for pathogenicity was 104 CFU mL-1 with a mortality of 48% at 73 p.i. The challenge test results showed that V. parahaemolyticus strain that causes AHPND was the main pathogen affecting vannamei shrimp in Serang, Banten, Indonesia.

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