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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 428   429   430   431   432 
Developing sustainable models of agroforest-landscape in Bogor, Indonesia NUGRAHA AKBAR NURROCHMAT; HERRY PURNOMO; MUHDIN MUHDIN; JAMES THOMAS ERBAUGH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240814

Abstract

Abstract. Nurrochmat NA, Purnomo H, Muhdin, Erbaugh JT. 2023. Developing sustainable models of agroforest-landscape in Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4324-4333. Deforestation continues in Indonesia even though many regulations and precautions have been taken. It most likely happened due to the less economic contribution from the forestry sector, which caused the conversion from forest lands to more profitable land uses. The forest area covers 125 million hectares (66%) of 190 million hectares of country land but contributes only about 0.60% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). An agroforestry scheme is promoted to increase the economic value of the forest to increase both the community welfare and the environmental quality. This study indicates that the best agroforestry commodities for social scenarios are durian, ornamental plants, and laying hens, with the highest potential profit of IDR.143,857,559 (USD.9,652)/hectare/month and 9.19 tons/hectare carbon stock. While for the economic scenario is jackfruit, ornamental plants, and laying hens with a potential profit of IDR.146,908,379 (USD.9,789)/hectare/month and 18.66 tons/hectare carbon stock. In comparison, the ecology scenario promotes nutmeg and ornamental plants with a potential profit of IDR 36,814,280 (USD.2,470)/hectare/month, with the highest of 56.12 tons/hectare carbon stock. This study recommends the appropriate land use models for the government to address the conflict of interest between agriculture and forestry in contributing to Indonesia's FoLU (Forestry and other Land Uses) Net Sink in 2030.
Effect of colchicine mutagen on phenotype and genotype of Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis the 7th generation F. FATHURRAHMAN; MARDALENI MARDALENI; AGUNG KRISIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240310

Abstract

Abstract. Fathurrahman F, Mardaleni, Krisianto A. 2023. Title Effect of colchicine mutagen on phenotype and genotype of Vigna unguiculata var. Sesquipedalis the 7th generation. Biodiversitas 24: 1408-1416. The problem with long bean species is the low diversity of varieties, so obtaining them using chromosomal mutations was necessary. One of the ingredients used was colchicine. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the mutagen colchicine against mutations that occur in Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis the 7th generation (renek long bean). The design used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of two factors. The first factor was four colchicine concentration levels: including without colchicine (the control) and colchicine concentration (0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.09%). The second factor was the soaking of the V. unguiculata var. sesquipedalis seeds, namely without soaking of seeds and soaking seeds (6, 12, 18, and 24 hours). Further phenotype analysis was tested statistically using the DMRT test at p < 0.05, while genotypes were analyzed using karyotypes and statistical T-test at p < 0.05. The results showed that treatment with 0.09% of colchicine and soaking for 24 hours was the best combination. Phenotype analysis showed increased growth with colchicine treatment: plant height increased by 20.59%, pod weight increased by 0.88%, the number of pods increased by 47.93%, pod length increased by 22.50%, and 100 seed weight increased by 15.91%. While Genotype analysis obtained a total of 11 karyotype chromosomes and 2n = 22 chromosomes. Chromosome karyotypes obtained two types, namely metacentric and telocentric. The arm length (p+q) in the 0.09% colchicine treatment sample and 24-hour soaking time was 1.77 µm longer than the control sample, which was 1.53 µm. It turns out that colchicine can increase the growth and changes in the structure of chromosomes so that a mutated V. unguiculata var. sesquipedalis species is obtained.
Potential hazards of multidrug resistance Escherichia coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia AGUS WIDODO; MIRNI LAMID; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH; WURLINA WURLINA; MOHAMMAD ANAM AL-ARIF; DADIK RAHARJO; SOEHARSONO SOEHARSONO; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU; LITA RAKHMA YUSTINASARI; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; MOSES IKECHUKWU BENJAMIN; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240367

Abstract

Abstract. Widodo A, Lamid M, Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Wurlina, Al-Arif MA, Raharjo D, Soeharsono, Khairullah AF, Riwu KHP, Yustinasari LR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Benjamin MI, Afnani DA. 2023. Potential hazards of multidrug resistance Escherichia coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1900-1907. Escherichia coli bacteria initially reside in the digestive tract of humans and animals. This bacterium is treated with antibiotics, but this treatment may trigger antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance genes found in E. coli can transfer to other bacteria, especially in the case of the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. E. coli is a significant environmental contaminant on dairy farms and is frequently linked to genes that encode extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. This research focused on investigating the potential hazards of multidrug resistance E. coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. The number of research samples used was 139 wastewater samples collected from 125 dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. First, wastewater samples from dairy farms were isolated into BGLB media, then continued with culture on EMBA media, and identifying E. coli bacteria with TSIA and IMViC biochemical tests. The resistance patterns of E. coli were obtained through disk diffusion antibiotic tests on tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and aztreonam. The results of the isolation and identification obtained 122 (87.77%) E. coli isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility test to E. coli isolates showed 14 (11.47%) MDR E. coli isolates. The antimicrobial drug resistance pattern TE-ST-W (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim) accounted for most MDR E. coli isolates in this study, comprising 10 (36.26%); followed by TE-ST-C (tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol) with two (6.54%) MDR E. coli and two (6.54%) MDR E.coli isolates were resistant to four antibiotics, with the pattern of resistance to TE-ST-W-C (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol) antibiotic. The discovery of multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia, is a new potential hazard that affects public health and needs solutions. One Health integration is anticipated to be used as a solution.
Local knowledge and the utilization of non-medicinal plants in home garden by the people of Donorejo Village in the Menoreh Karst Area, Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia AINI MAR'ATUSH SHOLEKHA; INGGRID TRIFENA YULIA; ZAHRA HANUN; IYUALEVI GARNIS PERWITASARI; AGUSTINA PUTRI CAHYANINGSIH; SUNARTO SUNARTO; SUTARNO SUTARNO; INOCENCIO E. Jr. BUOT; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240173

Abstract

Abstract. Sholekha AM, Yulia IT, Hanun Z, Perwitasari IG, Cahyaningsih AP, Sunarto, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Buot Jr IE, Setyawan AD. 2023. Local knowledge and the utilization of non-medicinal plants in home garden by the people of Donorejo Village in the Menoreh Karst Area, Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 645-657. Donorejo Village, in Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia, is one of the villages in the Menoreh Karst Mountains that uses non-medicinal plants. Donorejo villagers typically own vast plots of land that might be used for a wide range of productive purposes if planted with suitable vegetation. This study aims to investigate the knowledge of local people in the Menoreh Karst Mountain Area, Donorejo Village regarding the use of non-medicinal plants for daily life and document the use of plants by locals that can be useful to prevent delays in the transmission of local knowledge to future generations. Interviews and surveys conducted in the field using a purposive sampling strategy provided the bulk of the study's information. The age range of the 48 informants was from 25 to 91 years old, and the vast majority of them had only completed elementary school. A total of 119 species of non-medicinal plants were identified, representing 62 families and 12 different purposes, based on the results of the inventory of plants indicated by respondents and field observations. These plants were utilized as ornamental plants (48 species), food plants (44 species), cooking spices (16 species), animal feed (13 species), firewood (6 species), building materials (6 species), household items (2 species), and funeral ritual, prayer beeds, food wrapper, fence, fire starter (1 species). Based on these findings, it is clear that the residents of Donorejo Village continue to employ various non-medicinal plants in their gardens for various purposes.
Short Communication: Diversity, biomass, and carbon stock of seagrass community in three coastal waters of Minahasa Peninsula, North Sulawesi, Indonesia BILLY T. WAGEY; CAROLUS PARUNTU; RIDWAN LASABUDA; ALEX KAMBEY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240354

Abstract

Abstract. Wagey BT, Paruntu C, Lasabuda R, Kambey A. 2023. Short Communication: Diversity, biomass, and carbon stock of seagrass community in three coastal waters of Minahasa Peninsula, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1793-1798. Seagrasses are well-known for their ecological and economic importance. However, just like any other ecosystem, seagrass meadows around the world are threatened by anthropogenic activities. This paper aimed to analyze the seagrass abundance (expressed as shoot density), richness, diversity, biomass, and carbon stocks in three locations in the Minahasa Peninsula of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Transect survey techniques were conducted in Bajo, Bolsel and Bunaken. The study recorded 8 species across the three locations with Bolsel having the highest number of species (7), followed by Bajo (6) and Bunaken (4). Seagrass species differed significantly in terms of shoot density across the sampling locations in which denser shoots were observed for the eelgrass (Enhalus acoroides) at Bolsel while the other two species (Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundata) were least abundant at the Bunaken site. Seagrass cover did not vary significantly between sites. With the exception of Bunaken, above-ground and below-ground biomasses, as well as carbon stock, did not differ among locations. The lower species diversity as well as above-ground biomass and carbon stocks in Bunaken were likely due to grazing by herbivores (e.g., fish and sea urchins) and tourism activities (e.g., boat traffic, diving, snorkeling). Grazing effects and human tourism activities should be included in future investigations to monitor the dynamics of seagrass biomass and carbon stocks in the area. This study provides baseline information that can be used to better manage the seagrass ecosystems, not only in the Minahasa Peninsula but in Indonesian waters and even beyond.
Water physicochemical characterization and phytoplankton diversity of arid region in Meggarine Lake, Ouargla, Algeria RADIA MANAMANI; MOURAD BENSOUILAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240329

Abstract

Abstract. Manamani R, Bensouilah M. 2023. Water physicochemical characterization and phytoplankton diversity of arid region in Meggarine Lake, Ouargla, Algeria. Biodiversitas 24: 1569-1579. The present study aims to examine the physicochemical parameters, e.g., temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, salinity, nitrites, nitrates, orthophosphates, suspended matter, and chlorophyll (a) content) of Meggarine Lake, located in the Saharian region (Ouargla). Also, to establish the relation with phytoplankton's seasonal dynamics and diversification. From November through May over four years (2016-2019), a spatial and spatiotemporal investigation of phytoplankton composition was conducted. The algae and water samples were collected, preserved, and analyzed from four different sites using standard methods. Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) was recorded to explain the correlation between phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters. The results revealed a link between these planktonic populations and their physicochemical properties. Observing the morphoanatomical characters of the phytoplankton genera collected in Meggarine Lake allowed us to identify 29 genera. Diatoms (15 genera), dinoflagellates (03 genera), and cyanobacteria (11 genera) were separated into three groups. The distribution of phytoplankton showed a very high algal density in 2018, with a total of 9,995 cells/L, followed by 2019 and 2017, where the total densities were 5,332 and 5,118 cells/L, respectively. A low total density value was recorded (3,157.067 cells/L) in 2016. The highest value of phytoplankton was noted during the spring season, with 19,778 cells/L. Statistical analyses showed different correlations between the physicochemical parameters and the spatiotemporal variation of algae.
Biosurfactant production of entomopathogenic Bacillus subtilis BK7.1, as potential biocontrol bacteria, isolated from Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia SALAMUN SALAMUN; RIZKY DANANG SUSETYO; NI’MATUZAHROH NI’MATUZAHROH; FATIMAH FATIMAH; ALMANDO GERALDI; AGUS SUPRIYANTO; TRI NURHARIYATI; FARAH AISYAH NAFIDIASTRI; NABILATUN NISA’; ENDARTO ENDARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240353

Abstract

Abstract. Salamun, Susetyo RD, Ni’matuzahroh, Fatimah, Geraldi A, Supriyanto A, Nurhariyati T, Nafidiastri FA, Nisa’ N, Endarto. 2023. Biosurfactant production of entomopathogenic Bacillus subtilis BK7.1, as potential biocontrol bacteria, isolated from Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1785-1792. Biosurfactants as biocontrol agents have received much attention for pest control and disease vectors. The research aimed to identify the species and genetic relationship, hemolytic activity, detect coding genes, and trial production of biosurfactants on various substrates of entomopathogenic Bacillus sp. BK7.1 isolated from natural soil in Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biosurfactant screening was carried out by testing hemolytic activity, surface tension, and emulsification activities, detecting coding genes of biosurfactant biosynthesis, and testing biosurfactant production in various substrates. The results of the molecular identification by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method for Bacillus sp. BK7.1 has a genetic similarity of 98.68% with B. subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain BGSC 3A28. Screening showed positive hemolytic activity results, reduced surface tension, increased emulsification activities, and the production of biosurfactant in glucose, glycerol, and molasses substrates. The PCR results showed that Bacillus sp. BK7.1 had srfAA and srfAD genes encoding surfactin biosynthesis, giving it the potential to produce bioinsecticide compounds. Based on these studies, the indigenous entomopathogenic B. subtilis BK7.1 can be developed as environmentally friendly microbial bioinsecticides for pest control and disease vectors.
Genetic diversity among five native Thai chickens and Khiew-Phalee chickens in lower-northern Thailand using mitochondrial DNA barcodes PHROMNOI SIRIWADEE; LIKITTRAKULWONG WIROT; PUANGMALEE THANAPOL; NUCHCHANART WIRAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240404

Abstract

Abstract. Siriwadee P, Wirot L, Thanapol P, Wirawan N. 2023. Genetic diversity among five native Thai chickens and Khiew-Phalee chickens in lower-northern Thailand using mitochondrial DNA barcodes. Biodiversitas 24: 1962-1970. Native chickens are an important biological resource in Thailand, with each breed having distinctive features. Khiew-Phalee chickens are a valuable investment in cultural wisdom and an invaluable Thai resource worthy of conservation. It is the royal rooster of Phraya Phichai Dab Hak. Due to a crisis concerning a sharp decline in the size of the Khiew-Phalee native chicken population, the identification of potential biomarkers is important for the determination of different chicken breeds for future planning. This study aimed to investigate the molecular identification of different native Thai chicken breeds based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) barcodes, especially Khiew-Phalee chickens, which is difficult using the morphological examination. Partial sequences of 648 bp mtDNA control region fragments were determined for 53 specimens of six breeds of native Thai chickens (Khiew-Phalee, Thao Thong, Leung Hang Khao, Chee, Pra Dhu Hang Dam and Kai Jae). Genetic diversity was accessed based on the number of polymorphic sites, number of haplotypes, haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, and average number of differences. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on maximum likelihood. The results showed that eighteen haplotypes were identified from 9 polymorphic sites with polymorphism between nucleotides 1074, 1107, 1109, 1177, 1213, 1214, 1268, 1276 and 1305. The haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, and the average number of differences for all chickens were 0.917, 0.00504 and 2.69086, respectively. All Khiew-Phalee chickens showed 7 haplotypes with 0.897 haplotype diversity, 0.00696 nucleotide diversity, and an average number of differences at 3.1795 clustered with other breeds in the phylogenetic tree. The findings indicated that the DNA barcoding gene is an effective method to identify the Khiew-Phalee and five other native Thai chicken breeds. It is a better choice for using molecular biology DNA barcoding to identify Thai native chicken breeds to plan for further conservation and development by the Department of Livestock Development of Thailand.
The antiviral potential of macroalgae in suppressing Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) infection in sweet potatoes LISTIHANI LISTIHANI; I GUSTI AYU DIAH YUNITI; PUTU LASMI YULIANTHI SAPANCA; NI PUTU PANDAWANI; DEWA GEDE WIRYANGGA SELANGGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240746

Abstract

Abstract. Listihani L, Yuniti IGAD, Sapanca PLY, Pandawani NP, Selangga DGW. 2023. The antiviral potential of macroalgae in suppressing Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) infection in sweet potatoes. Biodiversitas 24: 4079-4086. Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) was first found in sweet potatoes in Indonesia in 2022. Prevention of spread of virus is essential, especially by using macroalgae extract which is environmentally friendly and has antiviral activity. The aim of present research was to test the potential of sea macroalgae to suppress SPLCV infection and to analyze phytochemicals of potential macroalgae containing an antiviral substance. Macroalgae extract was sprayed on the test plants that were infected by SPLCV. The observed parameters were changes in symptoms, disease incidence and severity, virus confirmation by PCR, and phytochemical analysis. The test results up to day 21 showed that Eucheuma spinosum was found to be effective in suppressing SPLCV infection in sweet potatoes, up to symptomless infection in young leaves. E. spinosum and E. cottonii suppressed disease incidence by 80% and 40% and lower disease severity as much as 71% and 48%, while E. serra showed less ability to suppress SPLCV infection. The two macroalgae had flavonoid, saponin, and steroid content which may be the reason to suppress the viral infection. The results of PCR analysis showed that microalgal extract had the highest nucleotide and amino acid homology with Gianyar (LC586170) isolate with values of 99.7 and 100%. The macroalgae with the highest ability to suppress the virus were E. spinosum and E. cottonii. This showed that the application of macroalgae extract did not change the amino acid sequence of SPLCV isolate.
Validated SNAP markers based on the CYP P450 87 A3 gene in coconut (Cocos nucifera) are associated with yearly stem height increase ANDI NADIA NURUL LATHIFA HATTA; DEWI SUKMA; ISMAIL MASKROMO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240501

Abstract

Abstract. Hatta ANNL, Sukma D, Maskromo I, Sudarsono S. 2023. Validated SNAP markers based on the CYP P450 87 A3 gene in coconut (Cocos nucifera) are associated with yearly stem height increase. Biodiversitas 24: 2503-2512. Tall and dwarf coconuts are coconut types used worldwide as the parents in hybrid coconut production, and they differ in their yearly stem height. The yearly stem height of coconuts is estimated as 11 leaf scars length. The CYP P450 87 A3 gene is essential in the yearly stem-height increase (YSI) character. This study aims to validate single nucleotide-amplified polymorphism (SNAP) markers based on sequence variabilities of the coconut CYP P450 87 A3 gene and analyze their association with the coconut YSI character. The CYP P450 87 A3 partial genomic fragments were PCR amplified, sequenced, and used to develop SNAP markers. The markers were subsequently validated using 155 samples of 31 coconut varieties. The analysis showed that at least 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist in the exon-1 and 2 of the coconut CYP P450 87 A3 gene, and SNAP markers were successfully developed. Single-locus analysis showed that the validated CYP2_SNP1 SNAP marker locus was associated with coconut YSI characters. The developed SNAP marker based on the partial CYP P450 87 A3 gene can potentially support future marker-assisted selection (MAS) in coconut breeding, especially for developing coconut with low YSI character.

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