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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 431   432   433   434   435 
Estimation of the aboveground biomass and carbon sequestration in an urban forest remnant using aerial photogrammetry from a low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle CHATCHARIN PENBOON; SORAVIS SUPAVETCH; KAMPANART SIRIRUEANG; SASIWIMOL RINNAMANG; PHANUMARD LADPALA; THARNRAT KAEWGRAJANG; PONTHEP MEUNPONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240368

Abstract

Abstract. Penboon C, Supavetch S, Sirirueang K, Rinnamang S, Ladpala P, Kaewgrajang T, Meunpong P. 2023. Estimation of the aboveground biomass and carbon sequestration in an urban forest remnant using aerial photogrammetry from a low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Biodiversitas 24: 1908-1915. For low-income nations, a low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) offers an alternative to the traditional time-intensive forest survey that requires many resources. This study was conducted in the remnant forest with the dominant tree species, Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb., forming the upper canopy. Photogrammetry techniques with UAV images were used to obtain the Canopy Height Model (CHM). The results of tree height, individual tree detection, biomass, and carbon sequestration were compared between ground truthing and photogrammetry estimation. The large percentages of trees were automatically recognized. However, due to a closed forest canopy, some trees might have been left out from the actual count, leading to an undercounting of trees and an underestimation of the aboveground biomass (AGB). The photogrammetric dataset demonstrated a good tree height extraction accuracy and did not differ significantly from that determined by ground truthing (RMSE=2.59 m and 8.24%). The mean predicted height AGB from direct measurement was 24.76 tons ha-1, higher than those obtained from single- and multi-set photogrammetry, 5.41 and 17.99 tons ha-1, respectively. AGB and carbon sequestration estimated from photogrammetry were 72.66% of the ground truthing value. The accuracy of the photogrammetry results was acceptable and feasible for detecting individual tree heights, biomass, and carbon sequestration in the remnant forest. Overall, low-cost UAV could create a cost, time-efficient, and reasonably accurate local-scale forest inventory.
Carbon sink and greenhouse gas emission of dryland vegetation cover in tourism villages in Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia FATMA LESTARI; INDRA NI TUA; ADONIS MUZANNI; DANESTA FEBIANTO NUGROHO; ANDRIO A. WIBOWO; TRI WARTONO; BAIDURI WIDANARKO; ASEP SAEPULLAH; ROBIANA MODJO; MIFTACHUL FARIDA; DADAN ERWANDI; DESSY DWI ARYANI; ABDUL KADIR; ANINDHITA IRSALINA WIDIATMOKO; HENDRA HENDRA; ZICO JUNI HERWANTO; MILA TEJAMAYA; RIZAL ALFIANSYAH HAMID; FATMAH FATMAH; EZSA LARASHATI GUNAWAN; DINA LUSIANA SETYOWATI; M. FAIZIR HAFIDS; ROSSI YULIANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240408

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari F, Tua IN, Muzanni A, Nugroho DF, Wibowo AA, Wartono T, Widanarko B, Saepullah A, Modjo R, Farida M, Erwandi D, Aryani DD, Kadir A, Widiatmoko AI, Hendra, Herwanto ZJ, Tejamaya M, Hamid RA, Fatmah, Gunawan EL, Setyowati DL, Hafids MF, Yuliani R. 2023. Carbon sink and greenhouse gas emission of dryland vegetation cover in tourism villages in Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1998-2005. Due to its natural features and scenery, the dryland ecosystem has recently become a tourist destination. One of the growing dryland ecosystems for village tourism is Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Those tourism villages have the potential to promote carbon sequestration through the preservation of natural resources and, at the same time, can release Green-House Gases (GHG). Despite growing research on carbon stock, there is little information on the carbon budget of a dryland tourism village, which includes the values of carbon stock sequestered from the atmosphere and greenhouse gas emissions. This research aimed to measure the carbon stock and GHG emissions in three villages containing paddy fields, savanna, and forest covers. The measured gases, including CO2, CH4, and N2O, were collected using the gas chamber method and analyzed using gas chromatography. The result shows that forest land covers have the highest carbon stock, with average values of 97.44 Mg ha-1 within the 57.34-117.5 Mg ha-1. A low average carbon stock of 17.39 Mg ha-1 was observed in paddy fields. The GHG was in the order of CO2 > CH4 > N2O. The paddy field has higher GHG than other land covers, with average CO2, CH4, and N2O values of 292.45 ppm, 1.35 ppm, and 1.09 ppm. While CO2, CH4, and N2O values for the forest were 281.05 ppm, 1.30 ppm, 1.05 ppm, 272.83 ppm, 1.26 ppm, and 1.02 ppm for savanna covers.
Vegetation analysis and ethnobotanical study of rubber agroforests in South Sumatra, Indonesia SYAIFUL EDDY; SYAMSUL RIZAL; TRIMIN KARTIKA; KESI JUWITA SARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240441

Abstract

Abstract. Eddy S, Rizal S, Kartika T, Sari KJ. 2023. Vegetation analysis and ethnobotanical study of rubber agroforests in South Sumatra, Indonesia 24: 2276-2283. Rubber agroforests (RA) play essential roles in conserving plant biodiversity and delivering ecosystem services while providing socio-economic benefits to local communities. This study aims to examine the composition and structure of vegetation and to explore the ethnobotanical uses of plants in rubber agroforests located in Southern Tempirai Village, North Penukal Sub-district, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir (PALI) District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Vegetation data were collected using the purposive sampling method in three different rubber agroforests by establishing transect lines and observation plots according to the plant life form (seedling, sapling, and tree) at each sampling point. Ethnobotanical data were collected through interviews with plant-using communities through a purposive sampling method. The results showed that there were 17 plant species belonging to 13 families documented in the studied area. The most dominant species at seedling stage (including understorey) was senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum) with an IVI (Important Value Index) of 38.79, while the most dominant species at sapling and tree layers was rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) with IVI of 185.48 and 300.00, respectively. In the rubber agroforests studied, the species diversity was classified as very low with a diversity index (H') value of 0.85. There are various ethnobotanical uses plants found in the rubber agroforest with the most common use by the community was for traditional medicines (Mimosa pudica, Melastoma malabathricum, Gleichenia linearis, Ageratum conyzoides, Piper betle, Stenochlaena palustris, Coffea sp., Salacca zalacca, Syzygium polyanthum, Sauropus androgynus, Imperata cylindrica, Areca catechu). Other uses were for food ingredients (Calamus sp., Coffea sp., Bambusa sp, Salacca zalacca, Syzygium polyanthum, Sauropus androgynus), building materials (Hevea brasiliensis, Areca catechu), and household furniture (Calamus sp., Bambusa sp.). This study enriches the understanding regarding the importance of rubber agroforest in conserving germplasm diversity and maintaining the ethnobotanical knowledge of local communities.
Diversity and abundance of mud crabs (Scylla spp.) living in mangrove forest ecosystems on Serangan Island, Bali, Indonesia IDA BAGUS JELANTIK SWASTA; IDA AYU AMARILIA DEWI MURNI; JASMINE MASYTHA AMELIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241048

Abstract

Abstract. Swasta IBJ, Murni IAAD, Amelia JM. 2023. Diversity and abundance of mud crabs (Scylla spp.) living in mangrove forest ecosystems on Serangan Island, Bali. Biodiversitas 24: 5664-5670. The mangrove forest ecosystem on Serangan Island contains dozens of types of aquatic fauna, including mud crabs from the Scylla genus (Scylla spp). The objectives of this study were to obtain the variety and abundance of mud crabs and to determine the variety and abundance of mangroves on Serangan Island after the reclamation. This study's results are expected to make all parties aware of the ecological impact of reclamation activities on the coast. Data on mangrove diversity was collected through observation during a field survey. At the same time, samples of mud crabs were caught randomly using traps (rakang) of as many as 20 units set proportionally around Serangan Island. The fishing gear (rakang) is placed in the afternoon at 18.00, then taken in the morning at 06.00 to see the trapped mud crabs. The data on the diversity and abundance of mud crabs were processed to obtain a diversity index using the diversity index formula (H') from Shannon Wiener and quantitative and qualitative descriptive. The results showed that there are three types of mud crabs around Serangan Island, namely Scylla serrata (47.8%), Scylla olivacea (30.4%), and Scylla tranquebarica (21.8%) with a diversity index (H' ) of mud crabs was 1,047. Scylla serrata has the highest prevalence of 35%, followed by Scylla olivacea (25%) and Scylla tranquebarica (10%). The mangrove community on Serangan Island consists of 6 species, namely Rhizophora apiculate, Rhizophora stylosa, Ceriop tagal, Sonneratia alba, Avicennia lanata, and Brugierra gymnorhiza.
Can cities provide butterfly-friendly habitats? NURUL L. WINARNI; NURULIAWATI NURULIAWATI; BHISMA G. ANUGRA; ACHMAD R. JUNAID; SRI WIDAYANTI; ASLAN ASLAN; AGUNG NUGROHO; INDRAWAN MIGA; MUHAMMAD B. KURNIAWAN; MELLISSA LIESTANTI; RIZKA A. LUTFIANI; YULIA WULANDARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240447

Abstract

Abstract. Winarni NL, Nuruliawati, Anugra BG, Junaid AR, Widayanti S, Aslan, Nugroho A, Miga I, Kurniawan MB, Liestanti M, Lutfiani RA, Wulandari Y. 2023. Can cities provide butterfly-friendly habitats? Biodiversitas 24: 2334-2341. Cities are progressively changed over time, creating land use changes with reduced green space areas. On the other hand, urban habitats offer a range of opportunities for biodiversity including butterflies which also act as an ecological health indicator. In Indonesia, like Jakarta Greater Area, or the so-called Jabodetabek which comprised Jakarta and its satellite cities, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi, is highly urbanized. However, its capabilities to support the butterfly community are still little known. Thus, this paper aims to identify Jakarta Greater Area’s potential as urban habitat for butterflies through a citizen science approach namely KupuKita. The data were collected from June 2021 to November 2022. The survey used KupuKita platform, an online questionnaire established in 2021, which focused on three families, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, and Pieridae. Its species richness, diversity and community pattern were analyzed consecutively by using Shannon-Wiener and Simpson’s Index. Next, the results were also analyzed towards the vegetation strata (grasses, shrubs, and trees) as observed during the data collection. The results suggested that Jakarta, Tangerang, and Bekasi have the least diverse butterfly community in comparison to Depok and Bogor. The butterfly community in Depok and Bogor was similar, both high in richness and diversity. Such similarity was potentially due to the wide arrays of remaining habitats that supported butterfly communities in three strata. The shrubs support more species richness rather than other strata. Bogor and Depok were potentially support more species in all three strata. Hence, because of the closely plant-butterfly relationships, vegetation interventions are crucial to increase the complexity of vegetation and create a butterfly-friendly habitat.
First report of Enterobacter sp. causing bacterial wilt on patchouli in Aceh, Indonesia ZULFADLI ZULFADLI; NURAINUN INTAN WASISTHA; HARTATI OKTARINA; KHAIRAN KHAIRAN; RINA SRIWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240719

Abstract

Abstract. Zulfadli, Wasistha NI, Oktarina H, Khairan, Sriwati R. 2023. First report of Enterobacter sp. causing bacterial wilt on patchouli in Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3814-3820. Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth), is an essential commodity in Indonesia, with Aceh Jaya being one of its main producing regions. Several incidences of wilt disease symptoms have been reported in patchouli plantations in Ranto Sabon, Sampoianet Sub-district, Aceh Jaya District. This study aimed to isolate and identified the bacterial pathogen responsible for wilt disease in patchouli in Aceh Jaya. Various tests, including morphology characterization and molecular characteristics using 16s PCR primer, hypersensitive test, and pathogenicity test were conducted to identify the cause of disease. The isolation result revealed that Enterobacter sp. was responsible for invading the patchouli plant. Further testing was carried out on various culture media including Nutrient Broth, Tryptic Soy, Kings B, Sulfide Indole Motility, Sucrose Potato Agar, and Yeast Potato Agar. The highest colony density was found in Tryptic Soy media (2.002) after 120 hours of inoculation. The results of hypersensitivity and pathogenicity tests showed that Enterobacter sp. caused symptoms similar to those of natural infection. Among all the media, Sucrose Potato Agar media had the fastest incubation period, with 7 and 48 days after inoculation. Therefore, this is the first study to report the presence of Enterobacter sp. associated with bacterial wilt in patchouli in Aceh.
Measuring climate action readiness in maintaining ecological resilience using satellite imagery and field research in Garang Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia BAMBANG SUDARMANTO; SURANTO SURANTO; SUNTORO SUNTORO; JOKO SUTRISNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240551

Abstract

Abstract. Sudarmanto B, Suranto S, Suntoro S, Sutrisno J. 2023. Measuring climate action readiness in maintaining ecological resilience using satellite imagery and field research in Garang Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2958-2974. The long-term viability of vegetation as a representation of land cover in a watershed is critical. However, more work is needed to develop vegetation management in the form of a climate action model that considers the existence of ecological and social values as a unified system, particularly in times of climate change. Moran's Index measurements and statistical correlation analysis were employed in this study to quantify geographical patterns. These measurements provide real-world judgment in developing aggressive climate response scenarios. Ecological values were derived from shifting vegetation trend indices due to mutual interaction between living beings that build a life cycle in harmony with the environment. Meanwhile, social values are determined by assessing individual internal factors such as attitudes, knowledge, and responses and external factors represented by local government institutions. The findings reveal that the distribution of residents and residential areas is dispersed. With a high confidence level, a linear index declines with R2 = 0.5872 for inhabitants and R2 = 0.9171 for residential areas. In the dry season, there is a significant relationship between the spatial pattern of vegetation indices and the inhabitant's index. The community's knowledge and attitudes considerably impact changes in vegetation indices, particularly during the rainy season, with R2 = 0.207 for SAVI and 0.232 for NDVI. Community readiness values, which elaborate on knowledge, attitudes, responses, and the role of external institutions, show that community readiness in the upstream area of the watershed, specifically in the Kendal District, is in the best position, with a value of 6.627976. On the contrary, the Semarang District, the upstream area, has the lowest value of 4.257092.
Short Communication: Distribution and diversity of Gastropods in the rice-fish farming system Ren Fitriadi; Mustika Palupi; Rais Fikri Azhari; Rizky Ade Candra; Purnama Sukardi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240409

Abstract

Abstract. Fitriadi R, Palupi M, Azhari RF, Candra RA, Sukardi P. 2023. Short Communication: Distribution and diversity of Gastropods in the rice-fish farming system. Biodiversitas 24: 2006-2012. The rice-fish farming system is a planting system that combines paddy fields and fish farming. Combining these activities aims to maximize the potential for land use and increase farmers' income. The process of decomposing metabolic waste produced by fish and rice plants requires the help of decomposer organisms such as bacteria or gastropods. Apart from their nature which sometimes becomes a rice pest, gastropods also have an important role in an aquatic environment as detritivores. This study aimed to determine the composition of the gastropods in Panembangan Village and determine the physical factors of the waters in seeking information on the condition of rice-fish farming system rice fields, which were in good or unfavorable condition. The results showed that five species of gastropods were found at the four sampling stations in Panembangan Village, namely Pomacea canaliculate, Melanoides tuberculate, Radix rubiginosa, Pila ampullacea, and Melanoides turricula. The Gastropod diversity index ranged from 0.75-1.11, uniformity values ranged from 0.68-0.80, and dominance index values ranged from 0.38-0.51. As for the physical and chemical parameters of the waters, the quality of the waters at the four sampling stations still supports the life of organisms.
Antibacterial activity and GC-MS profile of secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 associated with Holothuria scabra MAYA DIAN RAKHMAWATIE; NANIK MARFU’ATI; BESTY BARSALIPUTRI; AIDA ZAKIYATUL FIKRIYAH; STALIS NORMA ETHICA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240538

Abstract

Abstract. Rakhmawatie MD, Marfu’ati N, Barsaliputri B, Fikriyah AZ, Ethica SN. 2023. Antibacterial activity and GC-MS profile of secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 associated with Holothuria scabra. Biodiversitas 24: 2843-2849. The emergence of resistant bacteria has led to the importance of new antibacterial discovery. Before this research, the marine biota Holothuria scabra found in the Kodek gulf area, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, was explored to isolate Bacillus sp. The present research was conducted to explore Bacillus sp. to produce secondary antibacterial metabolites, by culturing isolate using media containing starch, yeast, and peptone. Ethyl acetate was used for secondary metabolite extraction. Antibacterial activity screening was carried out by two-fold microdilution test to obtain Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value. In this study, it was found that the ethyl acetate extract of the strain HSFI-9 can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Extended Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ES?L)-Escherichia coli, and Mycobacterium smegmatis with sequential minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values ??of 3.125; 25; and 50 µg/mL. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, the strain HSFI-9 show 99.71 similarity with Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis. The ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 metabolomics profile was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). It showed five volatile secondary metabolites, with the first dominant compound being (2S, 3S)-(-)-3-propyloxiranemethanol (MW 116, C6H12O2) with an area of ??34.78% (database similarity index of 73.3%). This study concluded that B. subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 could be further developed as an antibacterial producer.
Floristic composition and carbon stock estimation under restored mangrove area in Bagan Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia MELINDA SURIANI HAREFA; ZULKIFLI NASUTION; ELING TUHONO; ARIDA SUSILOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240413

Abstract

Abstract. Harefa MS, Nasution Z, Tuhono E, Susilowati A. 2023. Floristic composition and carbon stock estimation under restored mangrove area in Bagan Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2037-2044. Mangrove forests play an important role in the surrounding ecosystem, providing various complex ecosystem services such as coastal protection, food and medicine provision, water quality improvement, and habitat for various terrestrial and aquatic biota. However, forest degradation and conversion have destroyed the majority of mangrove habitats. Monoculture restoration of mangroves with local species has been carried out in various areas, including Bagan Serdang village in North Sumatra, to restore the degraded area. However, fewer studies have been conducted to assess the floristic diversity of monoculture restoration areas and their carbon stock storage estimation, especially in North Sumatra. This research aims to analyze vegetation diversity and estimate carbon stocks in a restoration area dominated by Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. species in Bagan Serdang village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was employed to identify species and measure tree diameter at breast height by creating plot lines that filled the observation area with 10 x 10 plots. Therefore, the Shannon Wiener diversity index (H') and allometric equations were used to determine mangrove diversity and biomass. The study's findings revealed that A. marina had the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) at all growth stages, including seedlings, saplings, and trees, with values of 89.12, 190.91, and 263.14%, respectively. The seedling stages had the highest diversity, with a value of 1.241. The total amount of CO2 absorbed is 200.67 tons/ha, and the total amount of carbon stored is 54.67MgC H-1.

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