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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Adaptive pattern of mangrove species and the mangrove landscaping in the heavy metal polluted area of Eastern Segara Anakan Lagoon, Indonesia ENDANG HILMI; NORMAN ARIE PRAYOGO; TEUKU JUNAIDI; ARIF MAHDIANA; NABELA FIKRIYYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240548

Abstract

Abstract. Hilmi E, Prayogo NA, Junaidi T, Mahdiana A, Fikriyya N. 2023. Adaptive pattern of mangrove species and the mangrove landscaping in the heavy metal polluted area of Eastern Segara Anakan Lagoon, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2927-2937. The mangrove species have specific adaptations to exclude, accumulate, translocate, and exert heavy metal contaminants. Mangrove species' adaptation to Cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) pollution are shown by their ability to reduce the negative impact of Cd and Zn pollution. This research aimed to analyze the adaptive pattern and mangrove landscaping in Cd and Zn contaminant areas of Eastern Segara Anakan (E-SAL), Indonesia. Cd and Zn content in different tissues (stem, leaves, and root) of 15 mangrove species were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometric method. Adaptive pattern and mangrove landscaping were assessed using bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF). The results showed that the Cd accumulation varied between 0.0610-0.2300 ppm in the stem, 0.0140-0.0480 ppm in leaves, 0.1501-0.3100 ppm in roots, whereas Zn accumulation varied between 5.7781-37.3409 ppm in the stem, 2.3973-32.2859 ppm in leaves, 10.8380-35.842 ppm in roots. Relatively Cd and Zn accumulation was highest in root than other parts. BAF scores of Cd and Zn varied between 0.0111-0.1760 and 0.1936-0.9017, respectively. TF score of Cd and Zn varied between 0.0642-0.9414 and 0.3419-1.3057, respectively. Based on the adaptation pattern, the mangrove landscape showed that Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Rhizophora mucronata Lam., and Rhizophora apiculata Blume were the best accumulator of Cd contaminants. At the same time, A. marina, R. apiculata, and X. granatum were the best accumulator of Zn contaminant. The conclusion explains that mangrove species significantly adapt to life and grow in Zn and Cd-polluted areas. Therefore, mangrove landscaping can be developed to reduce the impact of Zn and Cd pollution.
Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials MASSOOMA HILAL HWAIDI AL-ZAIDI; WIJDAN HUSSAIN AL-TAMIMI; AFRODET ABD-ALRAZAQ SALEH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240806

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Zaidi MHH, Al-Tamimi WH, Saleh AAA. 2023. Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials. Biodiversitas 24: 4253-4261. Millions of women suffer from bacterial vaginitis is associated with several serious health problems. The present study aimed to investigate the microbial diversity and their sensitivity to different antimicrobial agents. Bacterial isolates were identified by genotyping using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLASTn analysis, while conventional mycological methods identified Candida spp. The disc diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The molecular identification showed that Escherichia coli (20.8%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20.8%) were the most frequent species, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%). At the same time, Macrococcus caseolyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus were the least prevalent bacteria (4.16%)—all Candida sp. against the selected antimicrobial agents. Thus, molecular assays are important in monitoring microorganisms associated with vaginitis. Prospective genotyping studies are needed to determine these microbes' resistant genes and understand their mode of action and response to drug therapy.
Morphometric and molecular identification, domestication, and potentials of stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) in Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java, Indonesia MUHAMMAD NABIL PRATAMA; ALI AGUS; NAFIATUL UMAMI; AGUSSALIM AGUSSALIM; HARI PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241132

Abstract

Abstract. Pratama MN, Agus A, Umami N, Agussalim, Purwanto H. 2023. Morphometric and molecular identification, domestication, and potentials of stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) in Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6107-6118. The purpose of this study is to identify the stingless bee species found in Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Sukabumi, and investigate the potential for its domestication. Four resorts within the Park, Cimantaja, Mount Koneng, Mount Bodas, and Kawah Ratu, were chosen as the sampling sites. The random sampling method was used to collect samples of stingless bees by working with locals. The collected bees were subsequently identified using their morphological and morphometrics features. Two species of stingless bees, Tetragonula laeviceps and Heterotrigona itama were found in the Park. The results of the 16S rRNA mtDNA gene sequencing confirmed the identity of the specimen of the stingless bees. Moreover, 37 colonies of T. laeviceps and 7 of H. itama were collected. The T. laeviceps were found in all four resorts, but the H. itama were only successfully collected from Kawah Ratu resort. The possibility for domestication and meliponiculture was investigated through observation and interviews with locals who shared their knowledge and the meliponiculture practices surrounding the Park. The study showed that T. laeviceps has more potential to be utilized in meliponiculture in the surrounding area of the Park.
Checklist of the earthworm fauna (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) of Uzbekistan IKRAM ABDULLAEV; MADINA BEKCHANOVA; LOLA GANDJAEVA; BAKHTIYOR KHOLMATOV; ALIMARDAN RAХMATULLAYEV; ZOKIR TAJIYEV; KHAXRAMON RAZZAKOV; ZAFARBEK MATYAKUBOV; MANZURA DOSCHANOVA; RASUL RUZMETOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240820

Abstract

Abstract. Abdullaev I, Bekchanova M, Gandjaeva L, Kholmatov B, Raxmatullayev A, Tajiyev Z, Razzakov K, Matyakubov Z, Doschanova M, Ruzmetov R. 2023. Checklist of the earthworm fauna of Uzbekistan (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Biodiversitas 24: 4392-4401. This article presents a checklist of the earthworm fauna (Lumbricidae) of Uzbekistan based on published records and the authors' data. This is the first checklist for Uzbekistan, which contains complete information on the ecological category, habitat, type of distribution and distribution of 28 species of earthworms in 4 regions of Uzbekistan. The currently known, based on our research, earthworm fauna of Uzbekistan, includes 23 species, 5 subspecies belonging to 9 genera. Of them, 3 species (Perelia persiana, Perelia turcmenica, Lumbricus rubellus) are new to Uzbekistan. Perelia is the species-richest genus (12 species). These earthworms are distributed Kyzylkum desert region along river banks, in the mountainous regions of Pomiro Alai and Tien Shan biogeographic region, which is mostly covered with forest or autochthonous flora. The earthworm fauna is more diverse in forests of the northern and in the mountains of the southern parts of Uzbekistan. Literature data and our present study showed that there are no earthworms in the Ustyurt Plateau, due to the fact that the soils of the Ustyurt Plateau are gypsum, saline, and infertile.
Bamboo diversity in Weh Island, Aceh, Indonesia MUHAMMAD AZLI RITONGA; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; NURAINAS NURAINAS; I PUTU GEDE P. DAMAYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240508

Abstract

Abstract. Ritonga MA, Syamsuardi, Nurainas, Damayanto IPGP. 2023. Bamboo diversity in Weh Island, Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2563-2576. Bamboo is an important plant resource in Indonesia, whose inventories were mostly conducted on the main islands. In contrast, the inventory for small islands, such as Weh Island in Northern Sumatra, has never been done. Weh Island, however, is an atoll island that has been raised above sea level and is suspected to have a unique diversity of flora, especially bamboo. This study aimed to understand the diversity of bamboo on Weh Island. Fieldwork was conducted in August-September 2022 in Weh Island, Aceh, Indonesia. Bamboo specimens were collected by collecting flora diversity method and deposited in Herbarium Andalas and Herbarium Bogoriense. Morphological characteristics were observed to identify and arrange species descriptions and as a determination key. The spatial distribution of bamboo was analyzed using QGIS software and overlaid with a land cover and altitude map. We also performed a similarities analysis using morphological characteristic. There are eight species of bamboo on Weh Island: Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f., Bambusa spinosa Roxb., Bambusa tuldoides Munro,Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl., Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backer, Schizostachyum brachycladum (Kurz ex Munro) Kurz, Schizostachyum silicatum Widjaja, and Thyrsostachys siamensis Gamble. B. vulgarisis most abundant and widespread on Weh Island; meanwhile, B. multiplexand B. tuldoidesare the least common. The presence of S. silicatum on Weh Island and Bangka Island was additional information on the expansion of these species distributions outside the mainland of Sumatra. Bamboos on Weh Island were found around settlements, plantations, and forests at 1 to 212 m asl. Bamboo species on Weh Island can be clustered into four groups based on their morphological characteristics.
Ethnobotanical study on using bamboo for kites making in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia MUHAMMAD IHSAN; BUDI IRAWAN; BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240454

Abstract

Abstract. Ihsan M, Irawan B, Iskandar BS, Iskandar J. 2023. Ethnobotanical study on using bamboo for kites making in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2393-2401. Bamboo has diverse socio-economic, cultural, and ecological roles in rural areas. Residentsin Cijambu Village, Tajungsari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java, usually use bamboo for kite crafts based on local or Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). However, currently, the craft activities of the residents of Cijambu Village in making kites tend to decline. This is due to the reduced kite demand, and the younger generation is less interested in kite-making crafts. As a result, it is difficult for the kite-making industry in Cijambu Village to provide jobs and creates an opportunityfor the villagers to maintain its sustainability. In addition, the decline in the kite-making industry could cause the gradual erosion and subsequent loss of the TEK. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the TEK of Cijambu Village on bamboo species and landraces, the utilization of bamboo for the kite-making industry, and its benefits for rural communities. The method used in this study was qualitative with an ethnobotanical approach; there are 12 informants comprising seven men and five women between the ages of 35 and 70 years involved in this study. The resultof the study showed thata total of 5 landraces and species of bamboo, i.e.: awi tali (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.f.) Kurz), awi bitung (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backerex K. Heyne), awi surat (Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro), awi gombong héjo (Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro), awi temen (Gigantochloa atter (Hassk.) Kurz),and awi haur konéng (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl. var. Striata (Lodd.ex Lindl.) Gamble) in Cijambu Village. The G. apus have predominantly been used for making kites, creating many job opportunities for men and women, and diversifying household income. However, the future sustainability of the kite industry in Cijambu Village tends to be very challenging because the demand for kites is declining occasionally. At the same time, the younger generation is less interested in kites making, and the TEK gradually erodes withinthe younger generation. Thus, it was revealed that the use of bamboo for the kite craft industry had formed biocultural systems, as well as changes in the culture and linguistics of villagers, which can affect the management and conservation of bamboo in rural areas.
Sensory evaluation and antibacterial activity of bee pollen extracts isolated from several stingless bees in two drying methods NETTY MARIA NAIBAHO; HERIAD DAUD SALUSU; RUDITO RUDITO; BERNATAL SARAGIH; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; WIDYA FATRIASARI; ENOS TANGKE ARUNG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240521

Abstract

Abstract. Naibaho NM, Salusu HD, Rudito, Saragih B, Kusuma IW, Fatriasari W, Arung ET. 2023. Sensory evaluation and antibacterial activity of bee pollen extracts isolated from several stingless bees in two drying methods. Biodiversitas 24: 2682-2688. This study aims to determine six stingless bee pollen extracts' sensory characteristics and antibacterial activity. The samples were dried using a chiller method at 4°C (14-22 days) and a 40°C oven (8-10 days). The sensory qualities of color, scent, taste, texture, and the antibacterial activity of six stingless bees were assessed while the bee pollen was drying. It was revealed for the first time that six bee pollen products from East Kalimantan had characteristics that were very close to what consumers preferred. The findings demonstrated that, compared to a 40°C oven, the 4°C chiller approach offered superior sensory value and antibacterial activity. Bee pollen Tetragonula reepeni (Friese, 1918) received the highest sensory score using the 4°C chiller method, scoring 4.81 (very like) for color and 3.71 (like) for taste. Bee pollen Tetragonula fuscobalteata (Cameron, 1908) received a score of 3.47 (like) for aroma, while the highest texture value was obtained by bee pollen Heterotrigona itama (Cockerell, 1918), scoring 4.19 (like very much). Bee pollen H. itama had the greatest sensory scores when using the 40°C oven method, scoring 3.58 (like), 3.22 (like), and 3.54 (like) for color, scent, and taste, and 3.69 (like) for texture. The antibacterial activity of the bee pollen extracts T. reepeni and Tetragonula iridipennis  (Smith, 1854) achieved higher inhibition zone values when using the 4°C chiller method and 40°C oven method, with values ??of 15 mm, 16.00 mm, 14.33 mm, and 13.26 mm, respectively, for the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes NN657. The lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for antibacterial activity was 125 µL/mL for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25932, Staphylococcus epidermis NN349, Propionibacterium acnes NN357 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8742 of 250 µL/mL. Comparing the organoleptic characteristics of bee pollen, the chiller method at 4°C for 14 days retained quality attributes better than the bee pollen oven-drying method at 40°C.
Morphology of Setaria spp. (Setariidae; Nematoda) in Aceh cattle, Indonesia MUHAMMAD HANAFIAH; FARIDA ATHAILLAH; T. ZAHRIAL HELMI; AMALIA SUTRIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240754

Abstract

Abstract. Hanafiah M, Athaillah F, Helmi TZ, Sutriana A. 2023. Morphology of Setaria spp. (Setariidae; Nematoda) in Aceh cattle, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4151-4160. Setaria spp. filaria usually inhabit the peritoneal cavity and its microfilaria can be found in cattle blood. Adult worms are considered non-pathogenic but may cause mild fibrinous peritonitis. However, microfilaria can cause serious conditions. The worms migrate randomly to the central nervous system in a non-natural host such as sheep, horses, and goats, causing serious neuropathological symptoms which are known as epizootic cerebrospinal setariosis or nematodiasis cerebrospinal. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of Setaria spp. microfilaria in the blood of infected Aceh cattle, identify the worm species in the peritoneal cavity, and determine the morphological difference of Setaria spp. through light microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This research was performed on 150 Aceh cattle slaughtered in Banda Aceh slaughterhouse. The hematocrit microcapillary method and modified Knott’s Technique were used to determine the presence of Setaria spp. microfilaria in blood, while LM and SEM were used to identify Setaria spp. adult worm. The results showed that Setaria spp. was detected in Aceh cattle blood based on modified Knott’s Technique and hematocrit microcapillary method with a similar prevalence of 13.3%. The worm identification revealed the presence of Setaria spp. in the peritoneal cavity of Aceh cattle. The morphological differences between Setaria digitata and Setaria labiatopapillosa were successfully discovered through LM and SEM studies.
Species diversity of Annonaceae in the four selected protected areas in the Bicol Region, Philippines ANNE RETUERMA-DIONEDA; GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241025

Abstract

Abstract. Retuerma-Dioneda A, Alejandro GJD. 2023. Species diversity of Annonaceae in the four selected protected areas in the Bicol Region, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 5428-5438. An explorational survey of four selected protected areas (PAs) was conducted in the Bicol region for Annonaceae. The study aimed to provide species diversity of Annonaceae with an account of their endemicity and distribution. The four PAs were the Abasig-Matogdon-Mananap Natural Biotic Area (AMMNBA), Bulusan Volcano Natural Park (BVNP), Mt. Isarog Natural Park (MINP), and Mt. Mayon Volcano Natural Park (MMVNP). Thirty samples were collected and identified, 16 species belonging to 13 genera, namely Annona, Artabotrys, Cananga, Drepananthus, Goniothalamus, Fissistigma, Friesodielsia, Meiogyne, Monoon, Phaeanthus, Polyalthia, Popowia, and Uvaria. Miliuseae is the most species-rich tribe with 7 species (43.75%), followed by Uvarieae with 4 species (25%), Annoneae with 2 species, Canangeae with 2 species (12.5% each), and Xylopieae with 1 species (6.25%). A key of all Annonaceae species collected in the four PAs is provided here. Five Philippine endemic species were identified, namely G. elmeri in the four PAs; P. luzonensis in three PAs; F. lanceolata, and P. lanceolata in AMMNBA; and U. valderramensis in BVNP. AMMNBA has the highest number of species (43%). The species identified comprises 10.88% of the 147 recorded Philippine Annonaceae species. The results highlight the presence and occurrence of Annonaceae essential for management and conservation policy.
Incidence and damage of the ambrosia beetle on cocoa plants in East Luwu District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia NURIADI NURIADI; SYLVIA SJAM; AHDIN GASSA; VIEN SARTIKA DEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240659

Abstract

Abstract. Nuriadi, Sjam S, Gassa A, Dewi VS. 2023. Incidence and damage of the ambrosia beetle on cocoa plants in East Luwu District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3592-3600. The attack of ambrosia beetle on cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao L.) in East Luwu District, South Sulawesi Province, was first reported in 2020 at the Wotu sub-district. However, there was no information on its intensity and the number of affected sub-districts. A survey and data collection were conducted from January to July 2021 by selecting a 1 hectare area from 7 out of the 11 affected sub-districts identified in the preliminary study. The parameters observed were attack intensity, the number of galleries in stems and branches, and the number of trapped ambrosia beetle. The results showed that the attack of the ambrosia beetle on cocoa plants in the 7 sub-districts ranged from moderate to severe intensity, causing damage to mature plants and seedlings. It was observed that the number of galleries was higher on stems than on branches. The intensity of attacks on cocoa plants aged 23-27 years is higher than the cocoa aged 8-15 years. Additionally, the obtained species of ambrosia beetle are Xylosandrus sp.1 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Xylosandrus sp.2 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Xyleborus sp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and Hypothenemus sp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The results are expected to provide important information about the invasion of the ambrosia beetle and the prevention steps of its spread on cocoa plantations in South Sulawesi.

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