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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Reef fish monitoring as a coral reef resilience indicator in the Sempu Strait, South of East Java, Indonesia GATUT BINTORO; ANDIK ISDIANTO; NUDDIN HARAHAB; ANDI KURNIAWAN; AGUS DWI WICAKSONO; RELIA MAHARDITHA; AULIA LANUDIA FATHAH; BERLANIA MAHARDIKA PUTRI; MUCHAMAD FAIRUZ HAYKAL; MUHAMMAD ARIF ASADI; ARIEF SETYANTO; TRI DJOKO LELONO; OKTIYAS MUZAKY LUTHFI; DWI CANDRA PRATIWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240938

Abstract

Abstract. Bintoro G, Isdianto A, Harahab N, Kurniawan A, Wicaksono AD, Maharditha R, Fathah AL, Putri BM, Haykal MF, Asadi MA, Setyanto A, Lelono TD, Luthfi OM, Pratiwi DC. 2023. Reef fish monitoring as a coral reef resilience indicator in the Sempu Strait, South of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4950-4959. Sempu Island is designated as a nature reserve which is surrounded by a fairly high diversity of coral reefs. Since the high activities of fishing ports near this island, the anthropogenic pressure seriously became a threat to the biodiversity of coral reefs in this nature reserve. Continuous observation of reef fish is an important activity to monitor the coral reef health condition. Since then, bimonthly monitoring using an underwater visual census has been conducted from October 2021 to May 2022. Based on these observations obtained that the average reef fish abundance was in the "low" category, namely 0.516 ind/m2 in October 2021, 0.527 ind/m2 in December 2021, 0.522 ind/m2 in February 2022, and 0.378 ind/m2 in May 2022. The abundance of reef fish obtained consisted of three categories: indicators, targets, and majors. Overall, the Pomacantridae family, from the major fish category, has the largest abundance compared to other families. While the range of coral coverage was 6-21.3%, which was included in the "bad" category. There was a relationship with a value of 0.462 (medium) between coral cover and fish abundance. The abundance of reef fish at 21.4% was influenced by coral cover, while the remaining 78.6% was influenced by other factors outside of the tested variables. The decline in reef fish abundance in 2015-2022 can be caused by a decrease in coral cover in the Sempu Strait.
Applying culturomics to understand the motives behind the surrender of pet gibbons: Evidence from Indonesia AFRIZAL MAULANA ABDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240865

Abstract

Abstract. Abdi AM. 2023. Applying culturomics to understand the motives behind the surrender of pet gibbons: Evidence from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4606-4616. Seven of nine gibbon (Hylobatidae) species in Indonesia are protected by national regulation with threats to habitat fragmentation and illegal trade. People persist in owning gibbons as pet animals, violating the protected species law. To date, numerous pet gibbons have been surrendered to the authorities, which could result from intensified public awareness. More targeted demand reduction campaigns may be possible with a better understanding of the motivations behind these handovers. This study aims to document gibbon surrenders by the public to authorities and the motives behind these actions. Instagram posts and online local news were collated and analyzed between 2016 and 2023, comprising information on gibbon handovers to the authorities. From the 138 posts analyzed, 161 gibbon individuals, including 6 species from Sumatra (47.2%), Kalimantan (29.8%), Java (21.7%), and Bali (1.2%) were surrendered. Since 2016, the annual number of gibbons received by authorities has steadily increased. Handover motives appear to be overwhelmingly based on legal reasons. Although regarded as ineffective in mitigating trade, law enforcement and fear of the law were the primary reasons for gibbon handovers. Therefore, publicizing successful law enforcement cases of gibbon trade in the media could deter future buyers and reduce demand.
Plant biodiversity and people’s behavior on environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia IRFAN ABU NAZAR; SUTARNO SUTARNO; MUDOFIR MUDOFIR; SUNARTO SUNARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250126

Abstract

Abstract. Nazar IA, Sutarno, Mudofir, Sunarto. 2024. Plant biodiversity and people’s behavior on environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 232-239. Pabelan Islamic Boarding School is a modern educational institution committed to religious-based environmental education. The landscape of this Islamic boarding school is designed to contribute to the preservation of the surrounding environment. This study aims to determine plant diversity and behavioral patterns in environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang District, Central Java, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis was conducted by inventory of tree species planted in the area of the school. Analysis of the behavior patterns was carried out using observation, interviews with the clerics (kiai), teacher (ustaz) and staff, and questionnaires to students. The result of vegetation analysis showed that Pabelan Islamic boarding school has a moderate level of flora diversity with a Shannon-Wiener index (H’: 2.597). This is because the management of the school has a unique way of maintaining flora biodiversity by requiring every new student to bring unique or rare plant seeds from their hometown. The Kiai and teacher at the school have progressive thoughts about the human's relationship with God and nature. Human is God's representative who is obliged to maintain the environment and natural elements including biodiversity. The students generally have adequate awareness and concern for the environment and sustainability which is largely influenced by the figure of the Kiai. The findings of this study imply that Islamic boarding school (pesantren) can play essential role in practicing and raising awareness of sustainable environmental management and biodiversity conservation.
Phytochemical profile of Eranthis longistipitata Regel from three study sites in the Kazakhstan part of the Western Tien Shan ZHANAR E. AIMENOVA; ALIMZHAN D. MATCHANOV; RAHMAT S. ESANOV; AIDAR A. SUMBEMBAYEV; SHYNGISKAN E. DUISSEBAYEV; SMATULLA D. DZHUMANOV; BAKYT M. SMAILOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241124

Abstract

Abstract. Aimenova ZE, Matchanov AD, Esanov RS, Sumbembayev AA, Duissebayev SE, Dzhumanov SD, Smailov BM. 2023. Phytochemical profile of Eranthis longistipitata Regel from three study sites in the Kazakhstan part of the Western Tien Shan. Biodiversitas 24: 6031-6038. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile, the antifungal and antiradical potential of Eranthis longistipitata Regel from three study sites in the Kazakhstan part of the western Tien Shan region (in the territory of Aksu Jabagly State Nature Reserve). Sample collection was carried out in Taldybulak Gorge, Zhetymsai Gorge, and the valley of the Irsu River. The largest population of E. longistipitata was found in the valley of the Irsu River due to the high humidity and the higher availability of sunlight. The flavonoid compounds of the leaves and tubers of E. longistipitata collected in the Irsu River valley were analyzed by HPLC. Antifungal activity against Trichoderma lignorum, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger was determined. The free radical activity was determined using DPPH. The results showed that the leaves and tubers of E. longistipitata growing in the Kazakh part of the western Tien Shan region contained rutin, apigenin, and gallic acid. The leaves of E. longistipitata had the highest rutin content (15.971 mg/g). The highest free radical scavenging activity was observed in the ethanol extract (3) of E. longistipitata leaves E. longistipitata leaves extract had good antifungal activity against F. oxysporum and A. niger (18.8 mm and 18.6 mm zones of inhibition, respectively).
Stakeholders and network analyses in Tambora National Park, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia MUHAMMAD ANSHOR; SAMBAS BASUNI; HARNIOS ARIEF; TUTUT SUNARMINTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241027

Abstract

Abstract. Anshor M, Basuni S, Arief H, Sunarminto T. 2023. Stakeholders and network analyses in Tambora National Park, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5446-5463. The complexity of managing Tambora National Park (Tambora NP), West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia poses a challenge to be overcome effectively by Tambora NP Office alone, thus the involvement of broader stakeholders is needed. These stakeholders have their respective levels of influence and interests which affect the relationship between them and Tambora NP Office. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the stakeholders related to the management of Tambora NP, and investigate their interests and influence using social network analysis. A stakeholder analysis was conducted by the following steps: (i) identifying the stakeholders, (ii) mapping the stakeholders, and (iii) assessing the relationship among stakeholders. The analysis identified 38 stakeholders related to Tambora NP management. Tambora NP Office is the primary stakeholder with the highest level of influence and interest. The relationship established in the management network of Tambora NP is still weak and centralized among several stakeholders in which Tambora NP Office is the most central stakeholder. The relationship among stakeholders is dominated by five stakeholders, namely Tambora NP Office, Natural Resources Conservation Agency of West Nusa Tenggara (BKSDA NTB), Executive Board (DP) of Geopark Tambora, Forest Management Unit (KPH) Tambora and the Environment and Forestry Provincial Service of West Nusa Tenggara Province (Dinas LHK NTB). These five institutions also dominate the proximity between stakeholders, so the information flow is not evenly distributed to all stakeholders. The weak relationships among stakeholders could be overcome by enhancing the flow of information and communication which could be facilitated by Tambora NP Office, BKSDA NTB, and DP Geopark Tambora.
Isolation of bacteria displaying potent antagonistic activity against fungi causes anthracnose disease in chili TRAN THI NGOC TRAM; HOANG TAN QUANG; NGUYEN QUANG HOANG VU; PHAN THI THAO NGUYEN; TON NU MINH THI; TRUONG THI BICH PHUONG; PHAM THI DIEM THI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240934

Abstract

Abstract. Tram TTN, Quang HT, Vu NQH, Nguyen PTT, Thi TNM, Phuong TTB, Thi PTD. 2023. Isolation of bacteria displaying potent antagonistic activity against fungi causes anthracnose disease in chili. Biodiversitas 24: 4919-4926. Anthracnose is a common disease on many crops caused by Colletotrichum species, and it leaves serious consequences, especially on chili. Beta-1,3 glucanase is a semi-constitutive hydrolytic enzyme that is involved in the biological regulation of plant pathogens. Its main function is the breakdown of ?-1,3-glucan, a major constituent of the fungal cell wall. In a study conducted in Vietnam's Quang Tri and Thua Thien Hue Provinces, researchers isolated five bacterial strains from soil where chili plants were grown. To induce the production of beta-1,3 glucanase, these isolates were cultivated in a nutrient-rich medium supplemented with 1% laminarin. The activity of beta-1,3-glucanase in the bacterial strains ranged from 0.31 to 1.72 U mL-1, and antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum spp. causes of anthracnose reached from 50.68 to 69.04%. Strain AT4 had strong antagonistic activity against C. scovillei HUCL1, C. siamensis PV6, and CL3 of 76.44, 62.65, and 68.04%, respectively. Molecular identification based on 16S-rRNA sequences showed that the strains were Paenibacillus polymyxa AT4, B. siamensis ML3, B. tequilensis ML4 and ML6, and B. velezensis GL7. AT4 and ML6 are potential strains for the control of anthracnose diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. on chili peppers.
Biodiversity of hydrolytic enzymes-producing soil bacteria from a Durian Park, Jombang, Indonesia: Beneficial prospect for sustainable agriculture NI’MATUZAHROH NI’MATUZAHROH; MOCH. AFFANDI; AGUS SUPRIYANTO; BERLIAN RUSTANTINA; LAILY AINUN JAIYAH; AISYAH RAHMAWATI; HESTI NURHAYATI; SILVIA KURNIA SARI; ANA MARIATUL KHIFTIYAH; DAMAN HURI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250146

Abstract

Abstract. Ni’matuzahroh, Affandi M, Supriyanto A, Rustantina B, Jaiyah LA, Rahmawati A, Nurhayati H, Sari SK, Khiftiyah AM, Huri D. 2024. Biodiversity of hydrolytic enzymes-producing soil bacteria from a Durian Park, Jombang, Indonesia: Beneficial prospect for sustainable agriculture. Biodiversitas 25: 392-403. Biofertilizer is an alternative to chemical fertilizer that can enhance plant growth but is specific to certain plants and soils. Various biofertilizers have been produced, but the specific biofertilizers to enhance durian growth have not been widely available. This study aims to determine the potential of hydrolytic enzyme-producing bacteria, one of the microbial components of biofertilizers, in the De Durian Park (DDP) area, Wonosalam, Jombang District, Indonesia. The bacteria were isolated using the selective medium plating technique. The obtained isolates were screened for their ability to produce cellulase, amylase, protease, and lipase. The clear zone around the colony indicated the ability of the isolates to produce hydrolytic enzymes, and then the clear zone index was obtained. The best three isolates for each enzyme production were characterized macroscopically, microscopically, and biochemically, then identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Fifty-two isolates were successfully obtained from the soil of DDP. The best three cellulolytic bacteria had indices ranging from 1.83 to 2.14, categorized as moderate-strong, identified as Bacillus anthracis, B. pacificus, and B. cereus. The amylolytic bacteria ranged from 1.25 to 1.35, categorized as moderate, and identified as Bacillus anthracis, B. paranthracis, and B. paramycoides. The proteolytic bacteria ranged from 1.33 to 1.50, categorized as moderate, identified as B. pumilus, B. paramycoides, and B. cereus. The lipolytic bacteria ranged from 1.94 to 3.87, categorized as moderate-strong, and were identified as Enterobacter sichuanensis, B. pacificus, and E. asburiae. These cellulolytic, amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic bacteria have the potency as candidates for a biofertilizer formula.
Morphometric study of Lola Rochia nilotica (Linnaeus 1767) shells from natural harvest found in Indonesian NATHANIA DINAR WAHYUDI; DEWI HIDAYATI; UCU YANU ARBI; ASMIDA ISMAIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240911

Abstract

Abstract. Wahyudi ND, Hidayati D, Arbi UY, Ismail A. 2023. Morphometric study of Lola Rochia nilotica (Linnaeus 1767) shells from natural harvest found in Indonesian. Biodiversitas 24: 4711-4722. The population of Rochia nilotica or Lola snails is declining due to shell exploitation for industry, which requires monitoring. The government has implemented a policy to determine R. nilotica regulated on a restricted basis depending on the number (quota) and size of the shell (diameter) with a standard width of 80 cm. Based on the morphometric compositions and size trends of shells, this study aimed to map the potential trade of R. nilotica in Indonesia using the percentage of calculated morphometric data, including Sumatra, Sulawesi, Maluku-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), and Papua. Morphometric analysis was carried out using caliper parameters of length, width, weight, and the data distribution of morphometrics using descriptive statistics. The results revealed fluctuating yearly data. Good quality of shell size (?80 mm) found from Sumatra (length = 95.13-104.49 mm; width = 86.61-103.46 mm; weight = 172.21-321.96 gram), Malulu-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) (length = 91.26-106.72 mm; width = 86.53-108.73 mm; weight = 228.01-365.62 gram), Sulawesi (length = 86.92-99.1 mm; width = 84.31-96.25 mm; weight = 205.39-317.33 gram), and Papua (length = 82.46-99.58 mm; width = 76.49-101.24 mm; weight = 182.57-283.07 gram) respectively. Among 909 samples of R. nilotica observed, 89% had a standard width (?80mm), indicating potential mapping of Sumatra (33%), Maluku-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) (24%), Sulawesi (18%), and Papua (14%). In Sumatra (1.65%), Maluku-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) (0.9%), Sulawesi (5.6%), and Papua (3.19%), non-standard width shells were sized at 51.46-72.15 mm, respectively. In total, 53.9% of protoconchs were classified as damaged. From 2014-2020, morphological observations of R. nilotica shells traded in Indonesia fluctuated but met the standard size. It is critical to continue monitoring the population and trade of R. nilotica, and the study findings can be used to make catch quota recommendations for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
Morpho-physiology and metabolite content of Cosmos caudatus Kunth. and yellow and orange Cosmos sulphureus Cav. ISMAIL SALEH; SANDRA ARIFIN AZIZ; MAYA MELATI; NURI ANDARWULAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241056

Abstract

Abstract. Saleh I, Aziz SA, Melati M, Andarwulan N. 2023. Morpho-physiology and metabolite content of yellow and orange Cosmos sulphureus Cav. and Cosmos caudatus Kunth. Biodiversitas 24: 5739-5746. Cosmos sp., known as kenikir in Indonesia, is an underutilized vegetable commodity. Cosmos sulphureus Cav.  (C. sulphureus), with orange and yellow flowers, is commonly found as an ornamental plant. C. sulphureus can also be used as vegetable crops, although the Cosmos species widely used as a vegetable is Cosmos caudatus Kunth. (C. caudatus). This study investigated the growth, shoot production, primary and secondary metabolite content, and antioxidant activity of yellow and orange C. sulphureus and C. caudatus. This experiment was arranged using a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with one factor: Cosmos species (yellow and orange C. sulphureus and C. caudatus) with six replications. The result showed that plant height, leaf number, and branch number were not significantly different among the three Cosmos studied; however, the shoot weight per plant of orange C. sulphureus was significantly higher than the others. The antioxidant activity and phenol content of C. sulphureus were lower than that of C. caudatus. Meanwhile, crude fiber, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and carotenoid content were not significantly different among the three kinds of Cosmos. Orange C. sulphureus could be a functional vegetable, although its antioxidant activity is lower than C. caudatus.
Biodiversity of hard coral (Scleractinia) and relation to environmental factors turbid waters in Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia DEDI PARENDEN; JAMALUDDIN JOMPA; CHAIR RANI; WILLEM RENEMA; JEREMIAS RUMALA TUHUMENA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240903

Abstract

Abstract. Parenden D, Jompa J, Rani C, Renema W, Tuhumena JR. 2023. Biodiversity of hard coral (Scleractinia) and relation to environmental factors turbid waters in Spermonde Island, South Sulawesi, Indonesia s. Biodiversitas 24: 4521-4529. Water turbidity has an impact on coral growth and the diversity of coral species in the waters. Calculation of coral cover, coral diversity and environmental parameters need to be done to determine the effect of environmental parameters on growth. This research was conducted in July 2020-February 2021 in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, which focused on the inner zone area with high turbidity levels. The research was conducted at four observation locations, namely Kayangan Island, Samalona Island, Gusung Tallang and Lae-Lae Island. Primary data in the form of coral cover using the Underwater Photo Transect method, diversity data using the quadrant transect method and environmental parameters measured in-situ and ex-situ. The results of this study showed (1) the percentage of coral cover at each research location was classified as poor because it was in the range of 3-15%, (2) coral diversity on Samalona Island was classified as high (H'=3.2) while on Kayangan Island, Laelae Island and Gusung Tallang was classified as medium with values ranging from 2.21-2.83; and (3) environmental parameters such as turbidity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), nitrate, and phosphate and based on the results of regression analysis has a negative effect on coral cover, while turbidity and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) parameters have a significant effect on coral cover (p<0.05). These results have the potential to determine the composition of hard corals (Acropora sp.) in turbid areas and potentially serve as transplant fragments to mitigate coral damage.

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