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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 466   467   468   469   470 
Used macroinvertebrates as bioindicators to compare water quality from different land uses in Watumokala and Nokambu Rivers, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia KAHIRUN KAHIRUN; BASRUDIN BASRUDIN; LA ODE SIWI; LIES INDRIYANI; SAHINDOMI BANA; LA BACO SUDIA; LA ODE MUHAMMAD ERIF; LA ODE MIDI; NUR MAULINA; NURLIN JAMALUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241052

Abstract

Abstract. Kahirun, Basrudin, Siwi LO, Indriyani L, Bana S, Sudia LB, Erif LOM, Midi LO, Maulina N, Jamaluddin N. 2023. Used macroinvertebrates as bioindicators to compare water quality from different land uses in Watumokala and Nokambu Rivers, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5693-5708. Macroinvertebrates are animals that live in waters, both on the surface of the water, in riverbeds attached to substrates or mud, and in several biotypes, which are used as bioindicators of water quality due to anthropogenic disturbances that can change land use around rivers. This study aimed to describe the physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrate community in the Watumokala and Nokambu rivers in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, and to compare the water quality in the two rivers based on ecological index measurements. This study used a survey method at the upstream, middle, and downstream sampling locations for each river with different land use. Data collection on macroinvertebrates and physicochemical parameters was carried out at each station in each river. The data analysis carried out in this study was to calculate the Shannon-Wienner diversity index, species abundance index, uniformity index, Margalef richness index, and the Family Biotic Index (FBI). The results of this study indicated that in the Watumokala River, there were 17 families from 9 macroinvertebrate orders with an abundance of 1852 individuals, more than in the Nokambu River where 14 families were found from 8 orders with an abundance of 904 individuals. There is an influence of land use habitat on macroinvertebrates in the Watumokala and Nokambu Rivers. In the Watumokala River station 1 and station 3 are similar and have a significant correlation with several indicators indicating that the water quality is still good, while at station 2 there is a positive correlation with physicochemical parameters which indicates that the water quality is slightly polluted. Likewise, in the Nokambu River, at station 1 and station 2, there are similarities and significant correlations between physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrate communities in providing indicators that water quality is still good, while station 3 shows a significant correlation with physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrates as indicators of water quality polluted. So, the results of this research are useful in efforts to manage land and water in rivers that are experiencing pollution.
Characterization and molecular identification of bacteria from mackerel bekasam in Sorong City, Southwest Papua Province, Indonesia SUKMAWATI SUKMAWATI; RATNA RATNA; SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI; MELDA YUNITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240940

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmawati S, Ratna R, Sipriyadi, Yunita M. 2023. Characterization and molecular identification of bacteria from mackerel bekasam in Sorong City, Southwest Papua Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4967-4977. Bekasam is traditional food type produced by traditional fermented fish. Microbes that grow through fermentation play an important role in forming the product’s aroma, texture, and overall quality. The study aimed to determine the biochemical characteristic of bacteria from mackerel (Scomberomorus sp.) bekasam in Sorong City and identify bacteria at the molecular level. This research was a descriptive study, which described the results of the characterization of bacteria from fermented mackerel fish and the results of molecular identification to the species level through the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. Then, the DNA sequences were further analyzed using the agarose gel electrophoretic separation method to visualize the bacterial DNA profile. The biochemical characterization of bacterial isolates from mackerel showed that all isolates were negative indole, and eight isolates were positive in reducing nitrate. In comparison, four isolates were negative in reducing nitrate, then all isolates had proteolytic activity except the FST 3.1 and FST 3.2 isolates. Eleven isolates were positive in hydrolyzing fat, and one isolate could not hydrolyze fat. According to the DNA patterns seen in electrophoresis and alignment of the 16 sRNA gene sequences, several types of bacteria had been identified as Bacillus paramycoides strain 2883 FST 1.1, Bacillus paramycoides strain 3665 FST 2.1, Bacillus mobilis strain ICA-144 FST 3.1, Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579 FNT 1.1, Bacillus mobilis strain ICA-144 FNT 2.1, and Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579 FNT 3.1.
Diversity and community structure of rhizosphere bacteria in shallot treated with Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum HERTINA ARTANTI; TRI JOKO; SURYANTI SURYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241147

Abstract

Abstract. Artanti H, Joko T, Suryanti. 2023. Diversity and community structure of rhizosphere bacteria in shallot treated with Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum. Biodiversitas 24: 6248-6255. The rhizosphere is an area rich in nutrients and has high microbial activity. The condition of the rhizosphere area can influence plant growth and resistance to pathogens. This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum on the diversity and community structure of shallot rhizosphere bacteria as well as on the growth and health of shallots. Metagenomic analysis of the shallot rhizosphere was used to determine the diversity and structure of the bacterial community in shallots treated with R. intraradices, T. asperellum, control, and bulk soil. The results showed that the application of R. intraradices and T. asperellum affected the composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacteria and the number of rhizobacteria species. The structure of rhizosphere bacteria was not affected by the application of these two fungi. The diversity and number of rhizosphere bacterial species were able to increase plant growth and resistance, especially triggered by R. intraradices.
Abundance and habitat suitability of Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis, Schneider 1801) in Phetchaburi River, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand KASIDIS CHANPRADUB; ANAK PATTANAWIBOOL; APINYA SAISAMORN; NARIS BHUMPAKPHAN; SOMJATE CHANTHANA; CHARONG THONGSONG; YAN OUANSING; WARONG SUKSAWATE; RONGLARP SUKMASUANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240916

Abstract

Abstract. Chanpradub K, Pattanawibool A, Saisamorn A, Bhumpakphan N, Chanthana S, Thongsong C, Ouansing Y, Suksawate W, Sukmasuang R. 2023. Abundance and habitat suitability of Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis, Schneider 1801) in Phetchaburi River, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 4755-4765. The Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis, Schneider 1801) is one of the critically endangered species with a remnant population reported in Kaeng Krachan National Park. This study aimed to investigate Siamese crocodiles' abundance and habitats along the Phetchaburi River. Thirteen rafting trips from December 2021 to July 2023 were conducted at a total distance of 315 kilometers, recording 68 encounters with an encounter rate of 0.22 per kilometer. It was estimated that the population size of Siamese crocodiles was four individuals. Environmental factors that influenced crocodile distribution, with slope, elevation, forest types, cumulative flow rates upstream, and land use patterns, were identified. These findings underscore the significance of the Phetchaburi River area for freshwater crocodile conservation, as indicated by a highly reliable model with a reliable score of 0.99±0.02. Important recommendations include habitat protection, development of a crocodile threat surveillance system, ongoing population studies, and community involvement, which are essential for sustainable conservation practices, public awareness campaigns, captive breeding and reintroduction programs, and population restoration efforts. This research provides valuable insights into the habitats and environmental factors impacting Siamese crocodiles, highlighting the critical role of preserving Kaeng Krachan National Park as an important habitat for this species.
Seed morphometry of Rheum L. (Polygonaceae) species from Kazakhstan and its implications in taxonomy and species identification AIDAR A. SUMBEMBAYEV; OLGA A. LAGUS; SŁAWOMIR NOWAK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240908

Abstract

Abstract. Sumbembayev AA, Lagus OA, Nowak S. 2023. Seed morphometry of Rheum L. (Polygonaceae) species from Kazakhstan and its implications in taxonomy and species identification. Biodiversitas 24: 4677-4692. In the article, the evaluation of morphometric and weight parameters of seeds of 7 species of the genus Rheum L. from Kazakhstan is presented, as well as an analysis of their biometric parameters from different ecological and geographical habitats. The purpose of the study was to determine the variability of the seeds of the studied taxa and the importance of the results in determining the taxonomic relationships within the genus. The external structure was described for all species of the genus. Seeds of all studied species are illustrated with photos and scale drawings, and their features are summarized in a table. Stable and taxonomically significant features were identified for the species of the section Ribesiformia, represented by R. cordatum and R. maximowiczii, allowing their identification. The correlation between seed metric parameters and environmental conditions of the site and growth area was established and found a significant relationship between morphometric data and most of the environmental factors studied. The low adaptive potential of rhubarb species in Kazakhstan and the species' narrow ecological range were found. The comparison of the results obtained with the taxonomic relationships and phylogeny of representatives of the genus are briefly discussed.
Soil biological quality in rhizosphere, growth, and yield of upland rice grown on acid soil after amended biochar enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii TRESJIA CORINA RAKIAN; LAODE MUHAMMAD HARJONI KILOWASID; LA ODE AFA; ARDISTA RISKYANA; NURAZIZAH NURAZIZAH; YUSLITA WIJAYANTI; ANDI BAHRUN; IMRAN SUBAIR; NINI MILA RAHNI; SYAMSU ALAM; SARAWA SARAWA; LA KARIMUNA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241241

Abstract

Abstract. Rakian TC, Kilowasid LMH, Afa LO, Riskyana A, Nurazizah, Wijayanti Y, Bahrun A, Subair I, Rahni NM, Alam S, Sarawa, Karimuna L. 2023. Soil biological quality in rhizosphere, growth, and yield of upland rice grown on acid soil after amended biochar enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii. Biodiversitas 24: 6780-6792. Biological soil quality is essential in evaluating soil management practices using biochar enriched for upland rice growth on acid soil. Therefore, the study aimed to (i) analyze the effect of biochar-enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii (K-sap) on the abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF), bacteria, and protozoa in rhizosphere soil, growth, and yield of upland rice, and (ii) the relationship between the abundance of soil biota and the growth and yield components, as well as straw N, P, and K content on acid soil. Four upland rice were grown on acid soil incubated with biochar-enriched sap for two weeks in pots. Nine treatments of the biochar-enriched sap were tested, namely control, 5% biochar-0% K-sap, 5% biochar-5% K-sap, 5% biochar -10% K-sap, 5% biochar-15% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-0% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-5% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-10% K-sap, and 7.5% biochar-15% K-sap. Each treatment was three replicates in a randomized block design. The results demonstrated that the AMF spores quantity decreased while flagellates increased in the soil rhizosphere. The P and K content increased, the N:P decreased, and P:K ratio varied in the straw of the upland rice. Plant height and total spikelets increased, while root dry weight and roots to shoots ratio (R:S) decreased with biochar enriched. The abundance of AMF spores and flagellates correlated positively and negatively with R:S. Furthermore, R:S was negatively correlated with plant height and total spikelets. Plant height and total spikelets showed a positive correlation, while root dry weight and R:S was negatively correlated with K content in shoot tissue. The P and K contents with N:P ratio and N:P with P:K were negatively correlated. In conclusion, biochar-enriched K-sap effectively regulated the activity and composition of soil biota in the rhizosphere, influencing upland rice's growth, yield, and nutrient balance uptake on acid soils.
Variations in the properties and bacterial community of white glutinous rice tapai under different packaging conditions during fermentation TATI BARUS; NOVIANA CENNIATI; VIVITRI DEWI PRASASTY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241146

Abstract

Abstract. Barus T, Cenniati N, Prasasty VD. 2023. Variations in the properties and bacterial community of white glutinous rice tapai under different packaging conditions during fermentation. Biodiversitas 24: 6240-6247. White Glutinous Rice Tapai (WGRT) is a traditional Indonesian fermented food. Several types of packaging can be used for white glutinous rice tapai (WGRT). However, information about the effects of different types of packaging on characteristics and bacterial communities has not yet been discovered. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of packaging on the quality of WGRT. WGRT was fermented using a plastic box (WGRT-PB), banana leaves (WGRT-BL), and rose apple leaves (WGRT-RAL). Our research employed a novel method using next-generation sequencing (NGS), to explore the bacterial communities in the fermentation process of white glutinous rice tapai, offering valuable insights into how the choice of packaging materials affects the organoleptic properties of the final product. The results showed that the type of packaging did not significantly affect pH, total acid, and alcohol content but significantly reduced sugar content. The highest levels of reducing sugar were found in WGRT-PB. The organoleptic profile showed that WGRT-PB was the most preferred by the panelists, significantly different from WGRT-RAL. The results of the bacterial community analysis between WGRT-PB and WGRT-RAL showed a difference. The difference in the bacterial community was presumably due to the different types of packaging used during fermentation. Thus, the different types of packaging used during fermentation affect the quality of the tapai.
Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from different vegetation in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia KUNTI TIRTASARI; LUCIA TRI SUWANTI; MUFASIRIN MUFASIRIN; POEDJI HASTUTIEK; ELLY NUR INDASARI; ROCHMAH KURNIJASANTI; HANI PLUMERIASTUTI; ERMA SAFITRI; EKA PRAMYRTHA HESTIANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250147

Abstract

Abstract. Tirtasari K, Suwanti LT, Mufasirin, Hastutiek P, Indasari EN, Kurnijasanti R, Plumeriastuti H, Safitri E, Hestianah EP. 2024. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from different vegetation in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 404-411. Propolis is a natural substance containing a resin that is collected by honey bees from various plants and has a significant effect on human health such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anesthetic, antioxidant, antitumoural, antiprotozoal, anticancer, antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, antihepatotoxic and has cytotoxic activity. Cultivation of Trigona spp. in Lombok is growing rapidly. Trigona spp. produces more propolis than honey bees of Apis spp., but bee products that are maximally utilized are only honey, and propolis has not been utilized optimally. Currently, there is no scientific validation of the phytochemical content, bioactive compounds, and biological activities of ethanol extract propolis Trigona spp. from Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. So, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical compounds, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of propolis. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to determine the bioactive compounds of ethanol extract propolis. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) was used to evaluate antioxidant activity. The composition of propolis compounds is different for each propolis depending on the bee species and the vegetation source from which the resin was collected. In this research, propolis was collected from different vegetation sources (cashews, moringa, coffee, and lote trees). This study used qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and the antioxidant DPPH test. Different components and percentages cause significant variations in the results obtained from phytochemical tests. The content is different in various propolis, there are saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. The highest antioxidant activity was found in propolis with moringa resin 38.4150 (very strong), followed by lote tree resin -66.0420 (strong), cashew resin 81.8140 (strong), and coffee resin 100.7465 (moderate).
New endophytic fungal species of Chaetomiaceae (Ascomycota) in Iraq ALAA A. AL-RIFAIE; MOHANAD K. M. AMEEN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241007

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Rifaie AA, Ameen MKM. 2023. New endophytic fungal species of Chaetomiaceae (Ascomycota) in Iraq. Biodiversitas 24: 5270-5277. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify some endophytic fungi from vegetable crops in Iraq. Samples of eight vegetable plants, namely Abelmoschus esculentus, Mentha piperita, Vicia faba, Petroselinum sativum, Ocimum basilicum, Lawsonia inermis, Beta vulgaris and Apium graveolens were collected from three regions in Basrah (Abu Al-Khaseeb, Karmat Ali and the Centre of Basrah). Isolation was done by solid culture method and moist culture method. The recovered endophytic fungi were purified and axenic cultures of each isolated species were then identified on the basis of their macro and micro-morphological features. Morphological identification was further confirmed by molecular analysis through DNA extraction and sequencing by PCR amplification of the ITS4 and ITS5 gene primers. Phylogenetic examination revealed that five novel endophytic fungal species related to the family Chaetomiaceae were isolated from vegetable plants, including Chaetomium cucumericola, C. madrasense, Amesia atrobrunnea, A. cymbiformis and Botryotichum verrucosum. Three species, including C. cucumericola, A. cymbiformis and B. verrucosum, were documented for the first time in the Iraqi mycobiota. To the best of our acknowledgment, this study is the first to investigating endophytic fungi from vegetables in Iraq.
Effect of genotype by environment interactions on quality parameters and grain yield of durum wheat FAWZIA BOUCHETAT; RAFIKA GHANAI; SARA HIMOUR; SARA BOUAROUDJ; LEILA ALLAL BENFKIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241038

Abstract

Abstract. Bouchetat F, Ghana R, Himour S, Bouaroudj S, Benfikh LA. 2023. Effect of genotype by environment interactions on quality parameters and grain yield of durum wheat. Biodiversitas 24: 5565-5571. Two experimental trials were conducted at different bioclimatic levels, with the aim to investigate the effect of genotype x environment (Gx E) interaction on grain yield and technological parameters of eight durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block with three replications. The results showed a high Gx E effect on the expression of all evaluated traits. Varieties V4 and V1 with respectively, (24.95 q/ha and 24.73 q/ha) exhibited the highest average yield values across targeted environments. Averaged over the variety main effect, a significant difference of 42 q/ha, in favor of a humid environment, came out for yield. Varieties V3 (84.1 kg/hl) and V6 (83.36 kg/hl) demonstrated the best average specific weight values ??per hectolitre. Similarly, V2; V3; V5 and V7 had the highest rates of black point, while V2 shawled resistance to vitreous kernels (4.33 %). The V3 variety was strongly resistant to grain scalding (2.16 %). The highest levels of protein content were obtained in V6 and V4 (13.38 %; 13.3 %). Varieties: V3; V6 and V1 expressed the best wet gluten content (27.7 %; 26.15 % and 26.13 %). Indeed, the results obtained indicate that each variety is expressed by a particular behavior in relation to environmental diversity.

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