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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Abundance assessment of Sulawesi Banded Swallowtail, Papilio gigon gigon and availability of resource plants in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia TAUFIQ ISMAIL; RISMA ILLA MAULANY; PUTU OKA NGAKAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250226

Abstract

Abstract. Ismail T, Maulany RI, Ngakan PO. 2024. Abundance assessment of Sulawesi Banded Swallowtail Papilio gigon gigon and availability of resource plants in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 673-682. The Sulawesi Banded Swallowtail (Papilio gigon gigon Felder & Felder, 1864) is an endemic butterfly species of Sulawesi, Indonesia currently under threat from hunting and trade activities and habitat degradation. This study aims to examine the abundance of P. gigon gigon and resource plants' availability and to analyze the relationship between resource host and nectar plant density with the abundance of the butterfly species in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data were collected using the line transect method in two habitat types: settlement and forest located in three observation sites (Bantimurung, Leang-leang, and Pattunuang). The data were analyzed with Spearman's correlation test. The results showed a significant positive correlation in Bantimurung between the host plant densities (r = 0.258; p = 0.010) and nectar plants (r = 0.211; p = 0.036) with the abundance of P. gigon gigon. In Pattunuang, the host plants had indicated an insignificant correlation (r = 0.061; p = 0.548) with the abundance of P. gigon gigon, and in contrast, the nectar plants showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.487; p = 0.000). Only in Leang-leang the correlation between the abundance of P. gigon gigon showed no significant correlation with both host (r = 0.152; p = 0.132) and nectar plants (r = 0.041; p = 0.686). Differences between the observation areas were suspected to be influenced by human activities such as tourism and hunting. Therefore, management interventions by the national park are required to support the conservation of P. gigon gigon in the area.
Potential of carbon sequestration enhancement through intensive silvicultural techniques using Shorea leprosula plantation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia M. ISKANDAR; ISKANDAR ZULKARNAEN SIREGAR; HARUNI KRISNAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240852

Abstract

Abstract. Iskandar M, Siregar IZ, Krisnawati H. 2023. Potential of carbon sequestration enhancement through intensive silvicultural techniques using Shorea leprosula plantation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4699-4713. Various sectors are involved in achieving Indonesia’s Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), including Forestry and Other Land Uses (FOLU) sector. Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) implementation by forest concessionaires (PBPHs) enormously contributes to land-based mitigation activities, primarily at the local level. One of the SFM activities is forest enrichment with Intensive Silvicultural (SILIN) technique using Shorea leprosula Miq. to enhance carbon stock and sequestration. This study was conducted in PT Sarmiento Parakantja Timber (PT Sarpatim) in Central Kalimantan (Indonesia) and used the measurement data from 32 purposive sampling plots. Each plot was 40m × 40m in size, constructed under three different SILIN patterns (conventional strip, effective strip, and gap) as well as natural forest stands. This study found that SILIN gap pattern had higher carbon stock and sequestration potential, compared to the natural forest (reference) stands, and reached a net sink condition after 30 years. For the stands of SILIN conventional and effective strip patterns, the carbon stocks were lower than the reference stand, even when the vegetation aged 30 years. PBPHs applying SILIN technique as part of the SFM and the mitigation actions demonstrate an enhanced carbon stock and sequestration. This effort supports Indonesia’s Enhanced NDC target and FOLU Net Sink 2030.
Impacts of edge effects on the invasion of alien plant species in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Indonesia WARDIMAN MAS'UD; RISMA ILLA MAULANY; PUTU SUPADMA PUTRA; PUTU OKA NGAKAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241137

Abstract

Abstract. Mas’ud W, Maulany RI, Putra PS, Ngakan PO. 2023. Impacts of edge effects on the invasion of alien plant species in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6160-6168. Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) are a threat to biodiversity and natural ecosystems. Factors influencing the IAPS distribution are well-known, but the impact of edge effects on the distribution is rarely discussed. This study aims to reveal the effect of differences in physical environmental factors along the edge effect gradient on the distribution of IAPS in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Twenty-five line transects were established where 125 plots (20m x 20m) were systematically located to analyze the density, dominance, and distribution of IAPS on the edge bordering natural forest ecosystems and anthropogenically disturbed areas. Of the 21 IAPS found, 95.2% were distributed in clumps and 4.8% at random. As the light intensity decreases significantly (r = 0.042; p = 0.029) with the increasing distance from the edge to the forest interior, the IAPS density decreases significantly (r = -0.512; p = 0.0001). Species of IAPS that experienced a decrease in individuals were those with a habitus of herbs and shrubs. Considering that the seedlings were found to spread outside their mother tree stands, Swietenia macrophylla King. and Maesopsis eminii Engl. are suspected to be long-lived IAPS that have the potential to spread to natural karst forest ecosystems, so they need to be monitored continuously.
Morphometric and DNA sexing accurately in male Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) determination at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, West Java, Indonesia SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; MUHAMMAD FADLI ILHAM; AZIIZ MARDANARIAN ROSDIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250332

Abstract

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Ilham MF, Rosdianto AM. 2024. Morphometric and DNA sexing accurately in male Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) determination at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1167-1173. The Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) is a protected and endemic species of eagle in Indonesia whose existence is symbolized by the Garuda Pancasila. Raptors act at the top of the predatory chain and as indicators of environmental health. IUCN data states that N. bartelsi is red-listed as endangered. It is one of Indonesia's most frequently hunted and traded birds, and this trading practice has changed its natural behavior. Therefore, preservation through conservation –one of which is rehabilitation– programs are needed to maintain their sustainability. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation is to release the Javan hawk-eagle back into its natural habitat. In conservation and breeding programs, accurate determination of the sex of raptors is integral to informing conservation decision-making, population management, and research efforts aimed at protecting these iconic birds of prey and their habitats. Therefore, this study aims to determine the sex of male N. bartelsi through morphometric and DNA sexing techniques. The research subjects were seven N. bartelsi rehabilitated at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, Garut, Indonesia. Morphometric sexing measurements obtained the following results: two males were consistent upon comparing DNA sexing and Kamonjang Eagle Conservation Centre records observations. Analyses were obtained using primer 2550F/2718R that recognized CHD1-Z and CHD1-W as cleaved. Furthermore, the amplification was successfully read a sexing of N. bartelsi at Kamonjang Eagle Conservation Centre. The analysis primer sets mainly for raptors can assist conservation programs such as breeding programs and data collection for mapping this raptor. In addition, the PCR method can also assist in the accurate management of in-situ and ex-situ conservation.
Ultracentrifugation method for exosome isolation of HEK293 cells as a candidate model in-vitro therapy of breast cancer RIZKI NOVA AMELIDA; SILMI MARIYA; BELLA FATIMA DORA ZAELANI; YULIANA YULIANA; HEPY DAYANA; HUDA S. DARUSMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240951

Abstract

Abstract. Amelida RN, Mariya S, Zaelani BFD, Yuliana, Dayana H, Darusman HS. 2023. Ultracentrifugation method for exosome isolation of HEK293 cells as a candidate model in-vitro therapy of breast cancer. Biodiversitas 24: 5074-5079. Exosomes are secreted by all cells and found in all body fluids, providing the biological system. They have great potential in cancer immunotherapy and have different roles and targets. The biological function of an exosome relies on its bioactive activities, supported by lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Exosomes can be isolated by the ultracentrifugation method, widely used to produce exosomes from various sources and intended to pellet containing heterogeneous particles and the exosomes. In this study, we isolated exosomes derived from HEK293 cells using the ultracentrifugation method and applied directly in vitro to MCF-7 cells. The exosomes were added to the MCF-7 cells at various concentrations, 3,5 µg/mL, 7 µg/mL, and 14 µg/mL, evaluated using P53 and PCNA markers. The study showed that the exosomes had been successfully isolated; the concentration obtained was 24,95 µg/mL and expressed exosome markers CD9 and CD81. The MCF-7 cells were treated by exosome and demonstrated epithelial-like morphology. The cell population survived, but the confluency decreased at higher concentrations, as did viability. The marker of P53 and PCNA expression resulted from the effect of exosome treatment. The results indicate that the exosome can potentially inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro.
Hibiscus tiliaceus ethanolic leaf extract modulates quorum sensing-facilitated virulence factors MILDA HUSNAH; SUHARTONO SUHARTONO; YULIA SARI ISMAIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241115

Abstract

Abstract. Husnah M, Suhartono S, Ismail YS. 2023. Hibiscus tiliaceus ethanolic leaf extract modulates quorum sensing-facilitated virulence factors. Biodiversitas 24: 5962-5971. Bacterial pathogenicity and infections are often associated with the presence of virulence factors generated mostly through quorum-sensing (QS) mechanisms. Therefore, QS suppression is considered an effective strategy for combatting pathogens. Many studies to search for new anti-QS agents, particularly those of plant origin, have been intensively conducted. Hibiscus tiliaceus L. is one of the medicinal plants exhibiting various pharmacological activities including antibacterial potential; however, the study regarding its effects on bacterial QS systems has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potency of Hibiscus tiliaceus ethanolic leaf extract (HELE) as a modulating agent against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC122472, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. The extract was obtained through maceration and phytochemical screening was carried out by GC-MS. To evaluate antibacterial and anti-QS potentials of HELE, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC); growth inhibition rate; disc diffusion; and inhibition of violacein, pyocyanin, swarming motility, and biofilm formation were assayed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPPS software and Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) was employed to determine significant differences between the control and treatment groups. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of 16 different compounds in HELE, represented predominantly by diterpenoids (phytol), fatty acids (palmitic acid and oleic acid), and p-Tolualdehyde. MIC was found at 10 mg/mL against both C. violaceum ATCC122472 and S. aureus ATCC 29213, and 160 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa PA01. The MBC for the first two bacteria was 20 mg/mL, whereas that against P. aeruginosa PA01 remains to be determined. HELE was able to suppress the production of violacein, pyocyanin, and swarming motility at sub-MIC concentrations, highlighting the anti-QS potential of the extract. HELE at sub-MICs was found to stimulate biofilm formation, whereas at 2 x MIC exhibited an inhibitory effect. These findings justified that HELE might serve as a promising candidate not only as a future QS-inhibitory but also as a concentration-dependent QS-modulating agent.
Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater as reservoirs for spreading extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Abakaliki, Nigeria EMMANUEL NNABUIKE UGBO; JENNIFER INIOBONG JACOB; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; ADIANA MUTAMSARI WITANINGRUM; BERNARD NNABUIFE AGUMAH; AGATHA IFUNANYA UGBO; BENJAMIN IKECHUKWU MOSES
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240939

Abstract

Abstract. Ugbo EN, Jacob JI, Effendi MH, Witaningrum AM, Agumah BN, Ugbo AI, Moses BI. 2023. Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater as reservoirs for spreading extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Abakaliki, Nigeria. Biodiversitas 24: 4960-4966. The emergence of antimicrobial and multi-resistance extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms (ESBL) from the environment and hospitals is a serious global health concern. This research focused on the role of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater as a reservoir for spreading extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. Exactly 110 poultry slaughterhouses wastewater was collected using sterile universal containers from abattoirs in Abakaliki. The samples were analyzed microbiological for the presence of E. coli using standard techniques. The E. coli isolates found were subjected to a sensitivity test to antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and further tested for ESBL-producing E. coli using a double disc synergy test and chromogenic media Brilliance ESBL agar. Of 110 wastewater samples analyzed, 55 (50.0%) were positive for E. coli contamination. The E. coli isolates showed antibiotic resistance ranging between 21.8% (amoxicillin clavulanic acid) to 69.1% (tetracycline), and good susceptibility was observed on cefepime (72.7%). Thus, among 55 E. coli isolates, 11(20.0%) were ESBL-producing E. coli with resistance patterns as follows: TET-STX-CAZ-CTX-FEP (four isolates); TET-STX-CAZ-CTX (four isolates); TET-STX-CAZ-CTX-FEP-CRO (three isolates), and average multidrug resistance index of 0.7. This study revealed that poultry slaughterhouse wastewater was a reservoir for multidrug resistance ESBL-producing E. coli. Therefore, properly treating wastewater from poultry production or farms before disposing into the drainage channel or water bodies is highly recommended to avoid spreading ESBL-producing organisms from animal waste products to humans and their environment.
Microbial diversity in pesticidal and non-pesticidal paddy soil microbiomes R. SUSANTI; NAINA RIZKI KENARNI; ADI FRANATA JAYA; FARAH FITROTUN NISA’; RISKA LAILA MUKAROMAH; TALITHA WIDIATNINGRUM; NANA KARIADA TRI MARTUTI; MARGARETA RAHAYUNINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240912

Abstract

Abstract. Susanti R, Kenarni NR, Jaya AF, Nisa’ FF, Mukaromah RL, Widiatningrum T, Martuti NKT, Rahayuningsih M. 2023. Microbial diversity in pesticidal and non-pesticidal paddy soil microbiomes. Biodiversitas 24: 4723-4730. The use of pesticides can affect the physical and chemical properties of paddy soil. Soil physical and chemical properties can indicate soil quality because they affect soil microbial activity. This study used an exploratory observational method to analyze the diversity and abundance of microbes in the soil microbiome of pesticide paddy fields (PPF) and non-pesticide paddy fields (PF). The PPF samples were taken from Purwosari Village, Mijen Subdistrict, Semarang City, while the PF samples were taken from Tambangan Village, Mijen Subdistrict, Semarang City. Soil samples were taken for chemical and metagenomic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene marker region V3-V4. The results showed that microbial PPF diversity was higher than PF's based on the Shannon and Simpson index. The PPF microbiome is dominated by 3 bacterial phyla, namely Proteobacteria (26.61%), Actinobacteriota (15.13%) and Acidobacteriota (11.44%). Meanwhile, the PF microbiome was dominated by Proteobacteria (28.73%), Acidobacteriota (12.80%), and Chloroflexi (11.41%). The Archaea phylum that dominates PPF are Halobacterota (62.78%), Euryarchaeota (20.82%), and Crenarchaeota (10.89%), while in PF it is dominated by Halobacterota (80.43%), Crenarchaeota (11.03%) and Euryarchaeota (5.04%). The phylum that plays an important role in the biodegradation of organochlorine pesticides is Actinobacteria, which dominates in PPF; low abundance of Nitrospirota in PPF as a bioindicator of organochlorine pesticide contamination.
Site assessment for a small-scale Javan rusa (Rusa timorensis) captive breeding in East Java, Indonesia SUBENO SUBENO; SATYAWAN PUDYATMOKO; MUHAMMAD ALI IMRON; TRI SATYA MASTUTI WIDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240860

Abstract

Abstract. Subeno, Pudyatmoko S, Imron MA, Widi TSM. 2023. Site assessment for a small-scale Javan rusa (Rusa timorensis) captive breeding in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4568-4576. Javan deer (Rusa timorensis Blainville, 1822) is a protected wild animal with high potential economic value; captive breeding can be done to avoid extinction and sustainably utilize it. Most land ownership by rural communities in Indonesia is less than 5 ha; therefore, it is essential to design small-scale captive breeding, which local people can adopt to meet economic isxadwnterests and species conservation. We assessed a site part of the Perum Perhutani area in East Java dedicated to developing captive breeding models. Assessment is an essential consideration in exploring location feasibility and designing optimal allocation of available space; data collection on bio-physical conditions used nested sampling, circular plots, and profile diagrams. Feed availability is obtained by identifying the grass type and calculating its productivity. The collected data were then analyzed and compared with the needs of the Javan deer. The selected location was then made a captive design for space allocation based on the management and basic needs of the Javan deer. The results showed that the location at RPH (Resort Pemangkuan Hutan=Forest Management Resorts) Malo (Bojonegoro District, East Java, Indonesia) could be declared feasible to be developed as a Javan deer breeding area. The captive site design is mini ranching; this captive design consists of the breeding/management and office blocks.
The knowledge, attitude and practice of local Sabahan in Malaysia on Sunda pangolin Elsiey Ercy Jomes; Fred Tuh; Walter Lintangah; Jephte Sompud
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240910

Abstract

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species listed Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) as critically endangered and remained among the most traded mammals and other pangolin species. In Malaysia, various conservation works on this species have been conducted these past years through government and NGO works. Nevertheless, their population is still declining despite all the efforts. To date, little to nothing is known about the local perception regarding the Sunda pangolin conservation. Therefore, through the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) approach, this study evaluates Sabahan’s awareness level regarding the Sunda pangolin conservation. A total of 109 respondents were interviewed from all across Malaysia to investigate their perception of Sunda Pangolin conservation. The KAP index score shows that respondents’ attitude toward Sunda Pangolin conservation is the highest (93.34%), followed by Knowledge (81.15%) and Practice (79.63%), of which all three fall within good KAP score. They also agreed that spreading awareness and being proactive in supporting conservation work helps to prevent this species from extinction. Interestingly, the correlation analysis using Spearman rho’s coefficient shows a positive relationship between KA and education but not for Practice. Generally, Malaysians had a positive understanding of the Sunda pangolin’s current status and the legal information regarding this species. This research may help improve species conservation strategies, particularly in Sabah, Malaysia. There is an urgent need to improve the Sunda pangolin conservation program in the future. Factors that influence Practice needs to be identified and scrutinized. Public awareness is not the only factor that needs to be considered for improvement in conservation works. More importantly, the people who work in the conservation field.

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