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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Effectiveness of Rhodococcus erythropolis strain OPI-01 on the fungal development in winter wheat ABDULLAH BEHZAD; SIMBO DIAKITE; TAMARA SARZHANOVNA ASTARKHANOVA; ELENA NIKOLAEVNA PAKINA; DUANYO ALLEN; PAI MOHAMMAH MOHAMMADI; OUSMANE DIARRA; FRANCESS SIA SAQUEE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250320

Abstract

Abstract. Behzad A, Diakite S, Astarkhanova TS, Pakina EN, Allen D, Mohammadi PM, Diarra O, Saquee FS. 2024. Effectiveness of Rhodococcus erythropolis strain OPI-01 on the fungal development in winter wheat. Biodiversitas 25: 1063-1070. One of the means of sustainable wheat production is using bacterial pesticides, which can synthesize phytohormonal substances with antibacterial and antifungal action. Therefore, the work aimed to study the effect of different doses of a new growth regulator Restart, ZH (Rhodococcus erythropolis D strain OPI-01) on winter wheat yield. The findings of field experiments on the effect of plant growth regulator R. erythropolis strain OPI-01 method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds (at 0.1 L/t and 0.2 L/t), and soil spraying just before sowing (-0.5 l/ha) revealed that on average, during the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 seasons, the number of productive stems increased by a margin of 23-30, the number of grains in 1 ear increased in the experimental units by 16.2-19.4%, and the length of the ear by 0.3-0.7cm, gluten varied from 32.3 to 33.8%, yield increased from 27.8-33.0% relative to the control. Disease severity and incidence of powdery mildew, brown rust and Septoria disease in plots amended withR. erythropolis strain OPI-01 was 2-fold less than in the control plots. Research trials show the efficacy of R. erythropolis strain OPI-01 under field conditions as a plant growth regulator and a potential microbial fungicide against some foliar diseases of winter wheat. It would be exciting to study the mechanism of R. erythropolis on wheat pathogens in vitro and in planta which are still less developed in the literature.
Exploration and characterization of indigenous Trichoderma spp. as antagonist of Rhizoctonia solani and plant growth promoter of maize RIDA ISWATI; LUQMAN QURATA AINI; SOEMARNO SOEMARNO; ABDUL LATIEF ABADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250405

Abstract

Abstract. Iswati R, Aini LQ, Soemarno, Abadi AL. 2024. Exploration and characterization of indigenous Trichoderma spp. as antagonist of Rhizoctonia solani and plant growth promoter of maize. Biodiversitas 25: 1375-1385. Maize sheath blight disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is the main maize disease in Gorontalo and is widespread from the lowlands to the highlands. The indigenous Trichoderma spp. is known to function as a biocontrol agent while producing secondary metabolites that promote plant growth. The objective of this study was to isolate, select, and identify indigenous Trichoderma strains that act as antagonistic agents and promote maize plants growth. The bulk of the soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of maize plantations in the lowland (0-300 masl), medium (300-500 masl), and highland (500-1000 masl) regions at several sites in Gorontalo. Trichoderma spp. isolation was carried out using the serial dilution method on Rose Bengal chloramphenicol medium, and the strains were further purified in PDA medium, followed by morphological and molecular identification. The antagonistic effect was assessed using dual culture method. In addition, the plant growth-promoting traits examined were qualitative IAA production, potassium solubilization, phosphate solubilization, and in vivo for maize plant growth promotion. Molecular identification revealed that the indigenous fungal strains were dominated by three species, namely, Trichoderma asperellum, T. virens, and T. brevicompactum. Other strains identified were T. ghanense, T. reesei, and T. dorothopsis. Of the 30 Trichoderma spp. strains, 25 inhibited R. solani more than 50%. All Trichoderma spp. strains can produce IAA qualitatively and dissolve phosphate at different intensities; only one fungal strain namely T. dorothopsis-TZ31LU1, can solubilize potassium. In addition, several indigenous Trichoderma spp. strains were able to increase the growth of maize plants in vivo. Thus, 25 Trichoderma spp. strains had the potential to be developed as biological control agents for maize sheath blight disease as well as plant growth promoters in maize.
Characterization of rice varieties under salinity level and the response of defense-related genes during the germination stage SRI HARTATIK; NOOR ROZZITA; SATRIYO WIBOWO; EVIYANTI CHOIRUNNISA; SAFA ADISTA SEKAR SAKANTI; AGUNG NUGROHO PUSPITO; MOHAMMAD UBAIDILLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250422

Abstract

Abstract. Hartatik S, Rozzita N, Wibowo S, Choirunnisa E, Sakanti SAS, Puspito AN, Ubaidillah M. 2024. Characterization of rice varieties under salinity level and the response of defense-related genes during the germination stage. Biodiversitas 25: 1536-1543. Climate change causes sea level rise, leading to an increase in soil salinity. In the germination phase, rice plants are more sensitive to salinity stress. Under salinity stress, plants produce an increased content of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Local rice (Oryza sativa) has complex gene properties to survive in salt-stress conditions. This research aims to study the potential of salt tolerance at the germination stage and provide a molecular analysis based on antioxidant genes in local rice. This study uses a factorial completely randomized design. The first factor is rice varieties (IR64, Silaun, Ime Buci, Me Klan, Me Likan, Me Meak, Me Taek, and Umak Klete), while the second factor is the salt treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mM NaCl). The results showed that Ime Buci became the most tolerant variety to salinity stress due to its ability to survive and germinate at the highest NaCl concentration (400 mM NaCl). In addition, the H2O2 content and Malondialdehyde (MDA) values of the Ime Buci variety were lower compared to the IR64 variety. The expression of antioxidant genes (Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn SOD, Cytosolic APX, OsAPX1, CAT, OsCATA, and GPOD) was used as observational variables in this study. The results of antioxidant gene expression showed that the Ime Buci variety activated genes more than IR64 variety based on real-time PCR. However, it still needs more investigation to analyze the potential of Ime Buci in salt conditions during the vegetative and generative stages to get more information about rice's mechanism in terms of tolerating stress conditions.
Identification of the pest outbreak in the coastal mangrove ecosystem of Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia HARMONIS HARMONIS; MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HAQIQI; MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS AL FAHRONI; JEFRY JEFRY; SANTIKA GUNAWAN; MUHAMMAD AFIF SEKEDANG; DAVIS RAHMAT; NUR FARIZ AZHAR; MUHAMMAD OKY PRATAMA SEPTIAJI PUTRA; FITRIA DEWI KUSUMA; MARYA TIARA HAPSARI; FERNANDA ALVA MUHAMMAD; RITA DIANA; TRIYONO SUDARMADJI; RUDIANTO AMIRTA; ARIYANTO ARIYANTO; OSHLIFIN RUCMANA SAUD; FENNY PUTRI MARIANI SOFYAN; FAJRIANSYAH FAJRIANSYAH; AGUS MASHUD S. ASNGARI; YULIUS S. BULO; IKHSAN SALMAN; RIFKI RIZALDI; KHAIRUL MUKMIN LUBIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250243

Abstract

Abstract. Harmonis, Haqiqi MT, Fahroni MFA, Jefry, Gunawan S, Sekedang MA, Rahmat D, Azhar NF, Putra MOPS, Kusuma FD, Hapsari MT, Muhammad FA, Diana R, Sudarmadji T, Amirta R, Ariyanto, Saud OR, Sofyan FPM, Fajriansyah, Asngari AMS, Bulo YS, Salman I, Rizaldi R, Lubis KM. 2024. Identification of the pest outbreak in the coastal mangrove ecosystem of Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 829-835. Mangrove ecosystems are considered the most essential areas in the wetland since they sequester carbon more efficiently than terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, they have received significant attention as a nature-based solution to achieve the Naturally Determined Contributions in the commitment to global climate change mitigation. Currently, the degradation of mangroves has been linked to serious threats, including pest outbreaks. Our primary objective was to assess the pest outbreaks that occurred in the coastal mangroves of the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. This study was conducted in two areas in Tanjung (R1 and R2) and one area in Pulau (R3). A total of 19 observation plots with a size of 10 × 10 m2 were made. The water quality was further measured to identify the natural conditions affecting the outbreaks. In the present study, it was found that significant disturbance of the mangrove plants occurred due to invasions by Amphibalanus amphitrite Darwin, 1854 and Sphaeroma terebrans Spence Bate, 1866. The dangerous attack from S. terebrans has only been found at the R1 site, where we found environmental conditions such as high dissolved oxygen (DO), high total dissolved solids (TDS), and high salinity. In this area, it could affect the death of adult Avicennia alba Blume and Sonneratia alba Sm. The results obtained from this study are expected to provide preliminary data to design the best management practices in order to enhance the effectiveness of the mangrove rehabilitation strategy in the Mahakam Delta.
Short Communication: Estimation of aboveground biomass and carbon sequestration in KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Grand Forest Park, Central Java, Indonesia SISCA INDRIYANI; SILVI PUSPITA SARI; SNADA INDAH TUK NEGARI; SATRIA AJI PRAMBUDI; ALYA AFRA INAS NUR; LIA KUSUMANINGRUM; MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN; SUNARTO SUNARTO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUGENG BUDIHARTA; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250544

Abstract

Abstract. Indriyani S, Sari SP, Negari SIT, Prambudi SA, Nur AAI, Kusumaningrum L, Indrawan M, Sunarto, Sugiyarto, Budiharta S, Setyawan AD. 2024. Short Communication: Estimation of aboveground biomass and carbon sequestration in KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Grand Forest Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2257-2263. Forests play an important role in climate change mitigation by absorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and store it in the form of biomass. Valuation of carbon storage potential of a forest will provide insight on the importance of preserving it. This study aims to assess plant diversity and estimate aboveground biomass, carbon stocks, carbon dioxide sequestration potential, and the economic value of ecosystem services from carbon sequestration in KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Grand Forest Park, Central Java, Indonesia. We used a non-destructive method (i.e. allometric equation) in estimating aboveground biomass and carbon stock. We established 50 sampling plots to identify and measure trees (DBH >20 cm) and poles (10<DBH<20 cm). The results showed that there were 30 species from 20 families found in the observation plots. The potential aboveground biomass at the tree and pole level was 297.92 tons/ha and 57.22 tons/ha, respectively, while the total carbon stock for tree and pole was 140.02 tons/ha and 26.89 tons/ha, respectively. This was equivalent to carbon dioxide sequestration of 513.88 tons/ha and 98.70 tons/ha for trees and poles. The economic value of environmental services from carbon stock in the whole area of KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Grand Forest Park was estimated at IDR 21,289,040,253. The results of this research show that apart from playing a role in mitigating climate change by absorbing carbon, KGPAA Mangkunagoro I Grand Forest Park also has valuable economic value.
Freshwater fish diversity from Siberut Island, a small island in the western part of Sumatra, Indonesia DEWI IMELDA ROESMA; DJONG HON TJONG; DYTA RABBANI AIDIL; FURQAN DWIKI LINTANG PRAWIRA; ANDRI SAPUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250244

Abstract

Abstract. Roesma DI, Tjong DH, Aidil DR, Prawira FDL, Saputra A. 2024. Freshwater fish diversity from Siberut Island, a small island in the western part of Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 836-845. Indonesia is an archipelagic country with thousands of islands, including small islands with a variety of biodiversity, such as freshwater fish. Data and information on the fish biodiversity of small islands in the western part of Sumatra are limited, including Siberut Island. A study on freshwater fish diversity in Siberut Island was carried out using morphological and molecular methods. The study was conducted on seven rivers in the North and South Siberut Districts, Siberut Island. The study obtained 676 individuals, including 34 species, 26 genera, 16 families, and 10 orders. Oxudecidae is the family with the largest species (8), and Rasbora jacobsoni has the highest number of individuals (341). Species richness ranged from 2 to 18 species per site and was highest in the Srilanggai River. Siberut Island has low-moderate freshwater fish diversity. As many as 90 DNA barcodes of individuals from 34 species have been submitted to the Barcode of Life Data System. Freshwater fish groups do not receive enough attention from local communities and the government because of the richness of marine fish on Siberut Island. Apart from functioning as evidence of species richness, the results of this study are also useful for local communities' education.
Effectiveness of Bacillus spp. from West Sumatra, Indonesia in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) NOVRI NELLY; HASMIANDY HAMID; EKA CANDRA LINA; YUNISMAN YUNISMAN; RUSDI RUSLI; YULMIRA YANTI; MONA KAIRUNISA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250415

Abstract

Abstract. Nelly N, Hamid H, Lina EC, Yunisman, Rusli R, Yanti Y, Kairunisa M. 2024. Effectiveness of Bacillus spp. from West Sumatra, Indonesia in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biodiversitas 25: 1472-1478. Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest widely recognized for attacking corn plants. This pest was first discovered in early 2019 in West Sumatra, Indonesia, posing a significant threat to agricultural productivity. To control S. frugiperda, local biological agents, namely Bacillus spp., originating from West Sumatra, have been explored as a potential control method. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain Bacillus spp isolates from rhizosphere origin and assess their effectiveness in controlling S. frugiperda in the laboratory. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of five treatments with three replications. The treatments included Bacillus cereus strain MRPLUMBE1.3, Bacillus myocytes strain MRRZLL 2.2, and Bacillus sp. MRTE strain 1.3.3. For comparison, there was a synthetic insecticide (active ingredient chlorantraniliprole) and a control (distilled water). The application of isolate suspension was carried out through larvae feed. The parameters observed included larvae mortality, percentage of formed pupae and adults (imago), number of eggs laid by females, and survival time of adults. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and tested with LSD at the 5% level. The results showed that Bacillus spp. isolates originating from the rhizosphere effectively controlled S. frugiperda larvae. The best isolate that can be used to control S. frugiperda is Bacillus spp. from Solok. Specifically, Bacillus sp. strain MRTPE 1.3.3 showed larvae mortality ranged between 28.33 and 41.67%, and the suspension affected the percentage of formed pupae (51.66%) and the survival time of adults (4.5-5.8 days).
Variability of agromorphological traits in Portulaca grandiflora through induced mutation using colchicine SYARIFAH IIS AISYAH; NUR IZZAH MEININGRUM; YOSHUA SHANDY YUDHA; WARAS NURCHOLIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250617

Abstract

Abstract. Aisyah SI, Meiningrum NI, Yudha YS, Nurcholis W. 2024. Variability of agromorphological traits in Portulaca grandiflora through induced mutation using colchicine. Biodiversitas 25: 2484-2493. Portulaca grandiflora Hook is an ornamental plant originating from the Portulacaceae family, and it has been extensively cultivated on various continents. P. grandiflora displays appealing flower shapes and vibrant colors suitable for growth in a tropical landscape. Increased morphological diversity carries significant importance in the aesthetic function of ornamental plants. The higher the variation in the morphological characteristics of ornamental plants, the greater the market value of these plants due to their enhanced aesthetic appeal. Additionally, colchicine, a polyploidy-inducing agent, can enhance the plant genetic diversity. This study aims to investigate the impact of colchicine application on the morphological characters of P. grandiflora. The experiment was conducted for four months at the Leuwikopo Experimental Field, IPB, with two factors of Completely Randomized Block Design: The colchicine treatment comprises five concentration levels (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2), with four test genotypes: Orange, Peach, Bicolor, and Banana. A significant reduction in growth was observed in the Bicolor genotype, followed by the Banana genotype, indicating varying tissue sensitivities to colchicine treatment. The study reveals variations in morphological responses for each concentration treatment and genotype used. Statistical results confirm aspects: (i) each genotype displays different performance, (ii) the combined treatment of colchicine significantly influences the growth and development of quantitative traits, and (iii) The interaction (colchicine x genotype) was statistically significant for all quantitative characters of P. grandiflora except stem diameter. Qualitative traits, such as morphological changes in stem color, leaf color, and shape, were observed. Three correlation values are positive and statistically significant: plant length and leaf width, number of branches on shoots and leaves, and number of branches on shoots and flowers. Putative mutants of P. grandiflora exhibiting new traits require in-depth exploration in subsequent generations.
Species diversity of Odonata in the urban ecosystem of Iligan City, Philippines DRANREB P. BANAYBANAY; OLIVE A. AMPARADO; LADY JANE G. MORILLA; LEONARDO A. ESTAÑO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250249

Abstract

Abstract. Banaybanay DP, Amparado OA, Morilla LJG, Estaño LA. 2024. Species diversity of Odonata in the urban ecosystem of Iligan City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 890-899. Urbanization impacts ecosystem function and services, resulting in changes in ecological processes, increasing human population, and biodiversity loss. This threat may influence Odonata species' abundance, diversity, and distribution in freshwater habitats. The survey of Odonata in the urban ecosystem in Iligan City was carried out from December 2022 to March 2023 to determine the species diversity, abundance, endemism, distribution, and their correlation to various environmental parameters in freshwater habitat in this area. Field sampling was conducted in six identified barangays: Barangay Tubod, Bagong Silang, Del Carmen, Villa Verde, Poblacion, and Ubaldo Laya. The study recorded 569 individuals consisting of two major Odonate families, the Family Libellulidae, comprising nine species: Acisoma panorpoides, Brachydiplax chalybea, Crocothemis servilia, Diplacodes trivialis, Neurothemis terminata, Neurothemis ramburii, Orthetrum sabina, Rhodothemis rufa and Trithemis aurora; and Family Coenagrionidae with four species: Agriocnemis femina, Ceriagrion lieftincki, Ischnura senegalensis and Pseudagrion pilidorsum. Among the recorded species, I. senegalensis (34.80%) was found to be the most abundant species, followed by A. femina (32.51%) and O. sabina (10.54%), which are encountered in all sampling sites. Meanwhile, the low diversity and low endemism (7.69%) were recorded in all sampling areas, with C. lieftincki as the only Philippine endemic recorded in Iligan City Wet Park and Barangay Bagong Silang. Canonical correspondence analysis reveals that environmental factors such as air temperature, water temperature, water pH, water turbidity, and relative humidity are crucial parameters in determining the assemblage of Odonata. Overall, urban ecosystems in Iligan City are dominated by oriental species, signifying that the areas are heavily disturbed. Therefore, urgent management of urban ecosystems is required to enhance the city's ecological health, sustainability, and insect biodiversity.
Effect of slope, aspect, and position on soil properties at various depths in an oil palm plantation in Selangor, Malaysia OMAR MOHAMED IBRAHIMI ABDALRAHEM; MOHD HASMADI ISMAIL; PAKHRIAZAD HASSAN ZAKI; DALJIT SINGH A/L KARAM SINGH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250620

Abstract

Abstract. Abdalrahem OMI, Ismail MH, Zaki PH, Singh DSAK. 2024. Effect of slope, aspect, and position on soil properties at various depths in an oil palm plantation in Selangor, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 25: 2507-2514. Limited information exists regarding the study of land and topographic characteristics and their influence on palm oil yield, as well as the effects on the physio-chemical properties of the soil. This study examined the impact of slope, aspect, and position at different soil depths on the physical and chemical properties of an oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantation in an oil palm plantation in Selangor, Malaysia. Two sites with distinct north and south aspects were chosen for each slope site. Three equal positions were identified within each slope: Summit, Sideslope, and Toeslope. Random sampling determined soil physical and chemical properties at two depths (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm). This study analyzed soil chemical properties, including pH, EC, total N, P, Ext K, Ca, Mg, and soil texture, and the soil properties across different slope positions, depths, and aspects results indicated a significant difference (p<0.05). The soil properties' main factors contributing to the observed variations were slope position and soil depth. Slope position had a significant effect (p<0.05) on soil pH, EC, Ca, Mg, K, and N. Soil depth significantly influenced (p<0.05) all soil properties examined. The slope aspect also significantly affected (p<0.05) pH, Ca, Mg, and K. The soil texture classification ranged from sandy clay to sandy clay loam. Sand constituted the highest proportion of soil particles in both aspect slopes, followed by clay. The clay content increased with depth, specifically in the 20-40 cm range.

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