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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Spore germination and life cycle of paku kidang (Dicksonia blumei Moore) on the various growing media SRI HARTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070121

Abstract

Dicksonia blumei Moore belongs to Dicksoniaceae (fern family). This plant has been used as ornamental plant, handy craft, traditional medicine particularly for styptic and growing medium for orchids and aroids. To obtain the material, people tended to exploit it in its natural habitat and neglected its sustainable. On the other hand current knowledge of its cultivation as well as conservation is very limited. As a result, this species become rare in the wild and its population decreased gradually. An experiment in spore germination of this species had been carried out at the Bogor Botanic Gardens nursery using five growing media viz. chopping root of tree fern (Cyathea contaminans), Calliandra macrophylla compost, chopping root of bird’s nest fern (Asplenium nidus), bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) leaf compost and sandy mud. Parameters used were the best medium for spore germination and sporelings growth, life cycle of spore until young sporophyte were obtained. The result showed that the best medium for spore germination of D. blumei was chopping of tree fern root and bamboo leaf compost was worse. The life cycle consists of cell differentiated, young prothallus, mature prothallus, and young sporophyte phases, which took 10-36 weeks. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: germination, media, spore, Dicksonia blumei Moore, Bogor Botanic Gardens.
Fire Behavior in Pelalawan Peatland, Riau Province BAMBANG HERO SAHARJO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070122

Abstract

During dry season it is easily recognized that smoke will emerge at certain place both in Sumatra and Kalimantan that is in peatland. The worst situation occurred when fire burnt buried log in the logged over area where the fire fighter did not have any experience and knowledge on how to work with fire in peatland. Finally it had been found that one of the reasons why firefighter failed to fight fire in peatland is because they do not have any knowledge and experience on it. In order to know the fire behavior characteristics in different level of peat decomposition for fire management and sustainable management of the land for the community, research done in Pelalawan area, Riau Province, Indonesia, during dry season 2001. Three level of peat decomposition named Sapric, Hemic, and Fibric used. To conduct the research, two 400 m2 of plot each was established in every level of the peat decomposition. Burning done three weeks following slashing, cutting and drying at different time using circle method. During burning, flame length, rate of the spread of fire, flame temperature and following burning fuel left and the depth of peat destruction were measured. Results of research shown that in sapric site where sapric 2 has fuel load 9 ton ha-1 less than sapric 1, fire behavior was significantly different while peat destructed was deepest in sapric 2 with 31.87 cm. In hemic site where hemic 2 has fuel load 12.3 ton ha-1 more than hemic 1, fire behavior was significantly different and peat destructed deeper than hemic 1 that was 12.6 cm. In fibric site where fibric 1 has fuel load 3.5 ton ha-1 more than fibric 1, fire behavior was significantly different that has no burnt peat found. This results found that the different fuel characteristics (potency, moisture, bed depth, and type) at the same level of peat decomposition will have significantly different fire behavior as it happened also on the depth of peat destruction except fibric. The same condition occurred in the fire behavior at different level of peat decomposition. Key words: Fire, fuel, peat, sapric, hemic, fibric, Pelalawan.
R E V I E W: Species Diversity of Local Fruit Trees in Kalimantan: Problems of Conservation and Its Development MUSTAID SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070123

Abstract

The decrease in population of local fruit trees due to the forest destruction in some places in Kalimantan is a worrying trend.The genetic diversity of fruits in Kalimantan has been saved partly through indigenous agroforestry, as species cultivated from generation to generation by indigenous people have created miniature forests in the village agroecosystem. However, there is no doubt that the existence of local fruit trees has been threatened by the introduction of a superior fruit cultivars and other commercial plant species such as coconuts (Cocos nucifera), oil palm (Elaeis guinensis) and rubber trees (Hevea braziliensis). An ex-situ conservation program is proposed for the maintenance of diversity amongst local fruit species. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta Key words: Local fruit trees, indigenous agroforestry, conservation, Kalimantan.
Spatial genetic structure of Salvia japonica Thunb. population (Labiatae) in Botanical Garden of Osaka City University, Kisaichi, Osaka Prefecture, Japan SUDARMONO SUDARMONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060401

Abstract

Salvia japonica Thunb. (Japan: Aki-no-Tamurasou) was a perennial herb, protandry insect-pollinated, and self-incompatible with water-flow dispersed seed. We used allozyme loci to know genetic structure of a S. japonica population. We examined spatial autocorrelation of individuals within five distance class with Moran`s I statistics. The area of observation was in plot 5x5 m2 in Botanical Garden of Osaka City University, Kisaichi, Katano, Osaka Prefecture. The 8 loci examined were polymorphic, namely Aat-1, Aat-2, Pgi, Mnr, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Idh, and 6-Pgd. Low levels of genetic diversity were found for 29 individuals. Ninety-two percent cases for all of distance class were similar and only 8% (8 of 105 cases) were significant differences. This result indicated that the spatial genetic distributions in all of distance classes were all similar and no spatial autocorrelation of genotypes. Only in distance class 2 had one significantly positive cases (0.15) in Pgm-1c, indicating that spatial genetic structure in the study population was weak at most. In the other word that spatial pattern of the individuals within S. japonica population was random. Overall of the result was indicating that genotype among individuals of S. japonica changed distantly and tended to isolation in distance by seed dispersed. Key words: Salvia japonica, spatial autocorrelation, Botanical Garden of Osaka City University, random, isolation, seed.
Phylogenetic analyses of rhizobia isolated from Aeschynomene spp. EVI TRIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060403

Abstract

The 16S rDNA sequence of eleven strains isolated from nodules of Aeschynomene spp. have been determined and analyses together with sequence of other related taxa. Four bacterial groups were identified: (i) photosynthetic Bradyrhizobial group consist of IRBG2, IRBG228 dan IRBG 230; (ii) non-photosintetik Bradyrhizobium group consist of MAFF210127, MAFF210316, MAFF210318, dan MAFF210408; (iii) Rhodopseudomonas palustris group consist of HMD88, HMD89 dan 99D and (4) an isolate, 99C, that is related to Rhodopseudomonas acidophila. In addition, DNA-DNA hybridization was performed among HMD88, HMD89 and 99D strains. The result showed that DNA homology of HMD88, HMD89 and 99D with Rps. palustris were less than 30%, DNA homology of HMD88, HMD89 and Rps. Palustris with 99D is about or less than 20%, otherwise between HMD88 and HMD89, DNA similarity was more than 70%. The result suggest that HMD88 and HMD89 are the same species, meanwhile 99D is close related or different species in Rhodopseudomonas palustris group. Key words: 16S rDNA sequence, Aeshynomene sp., photosynthetic rhizobia, DNA-DNA hybridization, Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Stimulation of fungi originated from Wamena Biological Garden on maturity of compost nutrient and the number of phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing microbes SRI WIDAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060404

Abstract

The aims of the research was to know ability of fungi catalisator, i.e. Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viridae, and Chaetomium sp. to increase composting process and decrease C/N ratio content. The experiments used grass as carbon source, cow dung as nitrogen source, and A. niger, T. viridae, and Chaetomium sp. as catalisator. The result showed that the activators accelerated the compost maturity process. The compost was contained phosphate solubilizing fungi (± 109 cell/g), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (± 109 cell/g), and nitrogen fixing bacteria (± 108 cell/g). The C/N ratio of compost was 8.90. Key words: activator fungi, compost, phosphate solubilizing microbes, nitrogen fixing, bacteria, Wamena Biological Garden.
The effect of pH on endo-1,4-β-glucanase activity from Bacillus sp. AR 009 IMAN HIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060405

Abstract

The determinination of the suitable pH condition for maximizing the activity of endo-1,4-β-glucanase of Bacillus sp. AR 009 had been done. The acidity range of media for examining the enzyme activities were 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 at 37°C. The experiments show that the value of maximum activity of endo-1,4-β-glucanase was 23.068 U/mL at third day incubation with 124.565 mg/L of sugar reduction at pH 7.Key words: pH, Bacillus sp. AR 009, endo-1,4-β-glucanase
Variations of isozyme and morphological characters of malaria vector and non-vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi RUBEN DHARMAWAN; DARUKUTNI DARUKUTNI; SATIMIN HADIWIDJAJA; ADI PRAYITNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060402

Abstract

The aim of the study was to show genetic variations of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus in East Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Province and non-vector in Banjarnegara, Central Java Province by isozyme electrophoresis and refined morphological examinations as isozymes and morphological characters are known as gene influenced factors. An. subpictus females were collected by using animal and human bait collection and reared individually in the laboratory. Progenies were used as materials for electrophoretic examination after eggs and larvae were morphologically confirmed as the species investigated. Each progeny was run on horizontal starch electrophoresis in a separate well according to Green et al. (1990), Sukowati et al. (1999) and Dharmawan et al. (2002) with modification. The visualized isozymes were malate dehydrogenase (Mdh), lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), alpha esterase (αEst), beta esterase (βEst), malic enzyme (Me), leucine aminopeptidase (Lap), and acid phosphatase (Acp). Zymograms showed that Mdh, Ldh, Alp, αEst and Me had been varied between vector and non-vector species. Refined morphological examination on larvae showed different number of branches of their inner clypeal hairs and observation on eggs revealed different size and ridge numbers. We concluded that An. subpictus in East Flores was genetically and morphologically different from Banjarnegara and suggested that the two variants might be members of An. subpictus species complex. Key words: isozyme, morphology, Anopheles subpictus complex, Banjarnegara, East Flores.
Pigment characterization and lovastatin content of Monascus purpureus isolates ERNAWATI KASIM; SRI ASTUTI; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060406

Abstract

Research on characterization of pigment and lovastatin content of M. purpureus had been done. The aim of the research was to select 19 isolates of M. purpureus which produced the highest lovastatin content, and whether there was any correlation between pigment content and the lovastatin content. The isolates were grown on slant agar of bean sprout extract agar for 14 days. The spores suspension was inoculated to sterile cooked rice IR 42, then incubated for 14 days at 27-32oC. The fermented rice called “angkak”, dried in oven at 40-45oC for two weeks. The dried “angkak” was powdered to measure the content of the pigment and lovastatin. By using spectrophotometer the content of the yellow pigment and the red pigment at 390 nm and 500 nm wavelength respectively, could be detected. The content of lovastatin could be measured by using HPLC. The result showed that all the tested isolates could produce lovastatin compound, the yellow and the red pigment. The highest lovastatin content was 0.92% which produced by JmbA isolate. There was no correlation between the pigment and the lovastatin content. Key words: Monascus purpureus, pigment, lovastatin.
Diversity and Growth Behaviour of Nepenthes (Pitcher Plants) in Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan Province TRI HANDAYANI; DIAN LATIFAH; DODO DODO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d060407

Abstract

Nepenthes is one of the popular genus of pitcher plants. Research on the biodiversity and growth beharviour of Nepenthes spp. in Tanjung Puting National Park was carried out. There were four species studied, namely: N. ampullaria, N. mirabilis N. rafflesiana, and N. x. hookeriana,. There were about 2096 individuals recorded in this study consisting of 1322 N. ampullaria, 1332 N. mirabilis, 141 N. rafflesiana, and 111 N. x. hookeriana. Variation of tendril positions occurred in 1 rosette plant and 3 climbing stems (mature plants) of N. ampullaria, 2 rosettes and 9 mature N. mirabilis, 1 rosette and 4 mature N. rafflesiana, 2 rosettes and 2 mature N. x. hookeriana. Their habitats were also very specific. It was noted that 6 species of other plants were grown and associated with the Nepenthes spp.Key words: biodiversity, growth beharviour, Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes mirabilis, Nepenthes rafflesiana, Nepenthes x hokeriana, Tanjung Puting National Park.

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