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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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The diet of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) in natural and captivity habitat EVI W. SARAGIH; MARIA JUSTINA SADSOEITOEBOEN; FREDDY PATTISELANNO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020205

Abstract

Abstract. Saragih EW, Sadsoeitoeboen MJ, Pattiselanno F. 2010. The diet of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) in natural and captivity habitat. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 78-83. The ex-situ conservation of cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) under captivating condition is an alternative solution to protect cuscus from extinction. Diets became the main factor in order to support the domestication process. Particular studies on habitat and diet of cuscus have been carried out however there is still limited information on the nutrition aspects of cuscus food. This study aimed to determine the diet type, palatability, and nutrient in both natural habitat and captivating condition. The results indicated that there were 19 and 8 plant species identified as cuscus diets in both natural habitat and captivating condition. Cuscus prefers fruits with astringent and sour taste which is contained high crude fiber and low fat.
A habitat selection model for Javan deer (Rusa timorensis) in Wanagama I Forest, Yogyakarta DANANG WAHYU PURNOMO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020206

Abstract

Abstract. Purnomo DW. 2010. A Habitat selection model for Javan deer (Rusa timorensis) in Wanagama I Forest, Yogyakarta. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 84-89.  Wanagama I Forest is the natural breeding habitat of Javan deer (Rusa timorensis de Blainville, 1822). Habitat changes had affected Timor's resource selection and caused the deer to move from undisturbed areas to developed areas with agriculture and human settlements. We suspected that the degradation of natural habitat caused this shift. The research aimed to identify factors that might influence future habitat selection. Habitat selection was analyzed by comparing proportions of sites actually used to sites that we considered available to use. The results of a logistic regression of site categories showed there are three habitat variables that influence resource selection:  sum of tree species (expß=1.305), slope (expß=1.061), and distance to a water source (expß=1.002). The three variables influence the deer existing in a certain site of Wanagama Forest and arrange resource selection probability function (RSPF).
Review: Biodiversity conservation strategy in a native perspective; case study of shifting cultivation at the Dayaks of Kalimantan AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020208

Abstract

Abstract. Setyawan AD. 2010. Biodiversity conservation strategy in a native perspective; case study of shifting cultivation at the Dayaks of Kalimantan. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 97-108. Native tribes generally are original conservationists; they build genuine conservation strategy of natural resources and environment for sustainable living. Dayak is a native tribe of Kalimantan that has been living for thousands of years; they use shifting cultivation to manage the communal forest lands due to Kalimantan’s poor soil of minerals and nutrients, where the presence of phosphorus becomes a limiting factor for crops cultivation. In tropical forests, phosphorus mostly stored in the trees, so to remove it, the forest burning is carried out. Nutrients released into the soil can be used for upland rice (gogo) cultivation, until depleted; after that, cultivators need to open a forest, while the old land was abandoned (fallow) until it becomes forest again (for 20-25 years). The consecutive land clearing causes the formation of mosaics land with different succession ages and diverse biodiversity. This process is often combined with agroforestry systems (multicultural forest gardens), where the will-be-abandoned fields are planted with a variety of useful trees that can be integrated in forest ecosystems, especially rubber and fruits. These systems of shifting cultivation are often blamed as the main factor of forest degradation and fires, but in the last 300 years, this system has little impact on forest degradation. But, this is relatively low in productivity and subsistent, so it is not suitable for the modern agriculture which demands high productivity and measurable, mass and continuous yield, as well as related to the market. The increased population and industrial development of forestry, plantation, mining, etc. make the communal forest become narrower, so the fallow periods are shortened (5-15 years) and the lands are degraded into grasslands. In the future, shifting cultivation remains one of the Dayaks option to meet the needs of rice, but agroforestry should be developed because of its higher economic value.
Review: Colchicine, current advances and future prospects RAVINDRA ADE; MAHENDRA KUMAR RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020207

Abstract

Abstract. Ade R, Rai MK. 2010. Colchicine, current advances, and future prospects. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 90-96. Colchicine is a toxic natural compound and secondary metabolite commonly produced by plants like Colchicum autumnale and Gloriosa superba. It is originally used to treat rheumatic complaints, especially gout, and still finds its uses for these purposes today despite dosing issues concerning its toxicity. It is also prescribed for its cathartic and emetic effects. Initially, oral colchicine has not been approved as a drug by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). But now FDA approved colchicine as a drug for some disorders. Colchicine's present medicinal use is in the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. It is also being investigated for its use as an anticancer drug. In neurons, axoplasmic transport is disrupted by colchicine. Due to all the pharmacological application of colchicine, there is an urgent need to enhance the properties and increase the production of colchicine with the help of in vitro technologies. The present review is mainly focused on the chemistry of colchicine, its medicinal uses, and toxicity.
Ripening for improving the quality of inoculated cheese Rhizopus oryzae SOLIKAH ANA ESTIKOMAH; SUTARNO SUTARNO; ARTINI PANGASTUTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020101

Abstract

Abstract. Estikomah SA, Sutarno, Pangastuti A 2010. Ripening for improving the quality of inoculated cheese Rhizopus oryzae. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 1-6. Cheese is dairy product resulted from fermented milk in which the fermentation process can be done by lactic acid bacteria or fungus. Rhizopus oryzae is able to produce lactic acid, protease, and lipase. The ripening process changes the taste and texture. The purpose of this study is ripening to improve the quality of inoculated cheese R. oryzae. In this research, the ripening was conducted the concentration variation of temperature (5oC, 10oC, 15oC), and time (7 days, 14 days). The procedure of research consisted of two steps, namely un-ripened cheese preparation followed by ripening cheese preparation. Cheese produced in this study analyzed the value of pH, fat content, protein content, amino acid levels and identification of microbe with ANOVA then followed by DMRT at 5% level of significance. Data results were analyzed with the like’s nonparametric statistical test, followed by Fridman Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (WSRT) at 5% level significance. The results showed that the preferred ripened cheese panelist was at a temperature of 15oC for 14 days. Ripening conditions affect pH, fat content, protein content and do not affect the levels of amino acids that formed ripened cheese. The best quality ripened cheese, i.e. at a temperature of 15°C for 14 days, had a pH value of 4.40, the highest protein content of 9.78%, and fat content of 35.02%. The results of identified microbe in un-ripened cheese and ripened cheese include Enterococcus hirae (Enterococcus faecalis), Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus sp.
Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell AHMAD INTAN KURNIA; EDI PURWANTO; EDWI MAHAJOENO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020108

Abstract

Abstract. Kurnia AI, Purwanto E, Mahajoeno E. 2010. Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 48-53. To determine the relationship of Cu exposure in water to the freshwater mussel exposure experiment is conducted with water containing Cu. Which measured the influence of Cu and protein content in the body shell. This study used the freshwater mussel species, Anodonta woodiana. Oysters were exposed for four weeks in the water with Cu concentration of 0.02 ppm, 0.04 ppm, 0.06 ppm, and 0.00 ppm control. Cu content and protein content in the body shells are checked every week. Cu analysis was done by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method and the protein content using Kjeldahl method. Cu analysis showed elevated levels of Cu in mussel body after exposure. The pattern of increase in Cu content was not the same, where the pattern of the largest increases occurred after the fourth week. The statistical test showed no significant effect between the treatment with Cu accumulation in the body shell. Protein analysis showed an increase of protein content after exposure of the second week and decreased after the third and fourth weeks. The pattern of changes in protein content varied among the various treatments. The statistical test showed no significant effect between treatment with the protein changes in the body shell. Correlation test of the relationship between concentration of Cu in mussel body protein level showed a positive correlation between them with a fairly good level of relationship (correlation coefficient r = 0.836).
Comparasion of iles-iles and cassava tubers as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae substrate fermentation for bioethanol production KUSMIYATI KUSMIYATI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020102

Abstract

Abstract. Kusmiyati. 2010. Comparison of iles-iles and cassava tubers as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae substrate fermentation for bioethanol production. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 7-13. The production of bioethanol increases rapidly because it is renewable energy that can be used to solve energy crisis caused by the depleting of fossil oil. The large scale production bioethanol in industry generally uses feedstock such as sugarcane, corn, and cassava that are also required as food resources. Therefore, many studies on the bioethanol process concerned with the use of raw materials that were not competing with food supply. One of the alternative feedstock able to utilize for bioethanol production is the starchy material that available locally namely iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blum). The content of carbohydrate in the iles-iles tubers is around 71.12 % which is slightly lower as compared to cassava tuber (83,47%). The effect of various starting material, starch concentration, pH, fermentation time were studied. The conversion of starchy material to ethanol has three steps, liquefaction and saccharification were conducted using ?-amylase and amyloglucosidase then fermentation by yeast S.cerevisiaie. The highest bioethanol was obtained at following variables starch:water ratio=1:4 ;liquefaction with 0.40 mL ?-amylase (4h); saccharification with 0.40 mL amyloglucosidase (40h); fermentation with 10 mL S.cerevisiae (72h) producing bioethanol 69,81 g/L from cassava while 53,49 g/L from iles-iles tuber. At the optimum condition, total sugar produced was 33,431 g/L from cassava while 16,175 g/L from iles-iles tuber. The effect of pH revealed that the best ethanol produced was obtained at pH 5.5 during fermentation occurred for both cassava and iles-iles tubers. From the results studied shows that iles-iles tuber is promising feedstock because it is producing bioethanol almost similarly compared to cassava.
Variation of morphological and protein pattern of cassava (Manihot esculenta) varieties of Adira1 and Cabak makao in Ngawi, East Java TRIBADI TRIBADI; SURANTO SURANTO; SAJIDAN SAJIDAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020103

Abstract

Abstract. Tribadi, Suranto, Sajidan. 2009. Variation of morphological and protein pattern of cassava (Manihot esculenta) varieties of Adira1 and Cabak makao in Ngawi, East Java. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 14-22. This research is intended to find out the morphological and anatomical variation as well as the protein band pattern of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) widely spread in three different areas of height. The sample collecting is done using simple random sampling in the three different areas of height that is 50, 300, 1000 meters asl in Ngawi District, East Java while the analysis of protein band pattern is done using SDS-PAGE. The result of the research of morphology and anatomy is analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables, histograms, and figures. The analysis of protein band pattern is done using quantitative and qualitative analysis that is based on the appearance or not the gel band pattern by counting the molecular weights based on code marker S 8445 and qualitative method based on the quality of the band formed. The band pattern formed is istimated and presented in the form of zimogram. The result of the research shows that the height of the cultivating site very much influences toward variations of root, stem and leaf morphology. The longest root is at 50-meter heights asl (Cabak makao local variety, the widest stem diameter is at 50 meters asl (Cabak makao local variety) the longest leaf and branch is at 300 meters asl (Cabak makao local variety) and 1000 meters asl (Cabak makao local variety). There is no difference of anatomy in the root, stem, and leaf and no difference of protein band pattern either in Adira1 or Cabak makao local variety.
Diversity analysis of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) irradiated by gamma-ray based on morphological and anatomical characteristics ALFIN WIDIASTUTI; SOBIR SOBIR; MUH RAHMAD SUHARTANTO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020104

Abstract

Abstract. Widiastuti A, Sobir, Suhartanto MR. 2010. Diversity analysis of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) irradiated by gamma-ray based on morphological and anatomical characteristics. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 23-33. The aim of this research was to increase genetic variability of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) irradiated by gamma rays dosage of 0 Gy, 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 30 Gy,35 Gy, and 40 Gy. Plant materials used were seeds collected from Cengal Sub-village, Karancak Village, Leuwiliang Sub-district, Bogor District, West Java. Data was generated from morphological and anatomical characteristics. The result indicated that increasing gamma-ray dosage had inhibited ability of seed to grow, which needed longer time and decreased seed viability. Morphologically, it also decreased plant height, stem diameter, leaf seizure, and amount of leaf. Anatomically, stomatal density had positive correlation with plant height by correlation was 90% and 74%. Gamma rays irradiation successfully increase morphological variability until 30%. Seed cleavage after irradiation increased variability and survival rate of mangosteen.
First record of two hard coral species (Faviidae and Siderastreidae) from Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf, Iran) MAHDI MORADI; EHSAN KAMRANI; MOHAMMAD R. SHOKRI; MOHAMMAD SHARIF RANJBAR; MAJID ASKARI HESNI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 2 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n020105

Abstract

Abstract. Moradi M, Kamrani E, Shokri MR, Ranjbar MS, Hesni MA (2009) First record of two hard coral species (Faviidae and Siderastreidae) from Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf, Iran). Nusantara Bioscience 2: 34-37. Two species of hard corals including Cyphastrea chalcidicum (Forskal 1775) (Faviidae) and Coscinaraea monile (Forskal 1775) (Siderastreidae) were collected from the south of Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf, Iran) in the late of 2008. These species were previously reported from southern Persian Gulf, Gulf of Aden, Southeast Africa, and Indo-Pacific. The literature review on the distribution of these two species revealed that these species were firstly recorded from the Persian Gulf. These findings further emphasize the high diversity of coral fauna in the Iranian waters of the northern Persian Gulf.

Page 17 of 55 | Total Record : 545

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