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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Short Communication: The potential of secondary metabolites of Myrmecodia tuberosa from different host trees YANTI PUSPITA SARI; WAWAN KUSTIAWAN; SUKARTININGSIH SUKARTININGSIH; AFIF RUCHAEMI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090211

Abstract

Sari YP, Kustiawan W, Sukartiningsih, Ruchaemi A. 2017. Short Communication: The potential of secondary metabolites of Myrmecodia tuberosa from different host trees. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 170-174. Ant-plants (Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack.) is a medicinal plant that could potentially inhibit cancer cell growth. Ant-plants is epiphytic plants whose commonly life was attached to the host tree. Several information from local people stated that ant-plants attaching to different host trees possesses different active compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites of each parts of ant-plants including leaves, stems and tubers from different tree hosts i.e mango and durian. Result from phytochemical analysis showed that ant-plants living in mango and durian trees positively contained the metabolic compounds including phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and steroid/triterpenoid. The Total of Phenolic Content (TPC) and the Total of Flavonoids Content (TFC) on the leaves of ant-plants was higher than that in tubers or stems of ant-plants derived from both host trees i.e mango and durian. The value of TPC and TFC of the ant-plants leaves derived from the durian host tree (319.33 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g and 272.33 ± 0.02 mg CE/g) was higher than those from mango host trees (172.80 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g and 162,83 ± 0.01 mg CE/g). Ant-plants, whose life was attached to a different host tree, had the same content of secondary metabolites although those quantities were different in each host trees. Therefore, ant-plants from different host trees could be used as a medicinal plant by concerning the amount of used extract for effectiveness medicinal purposes.
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis potentials as probiotic bacteria in Vanamei shrimp feed (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) YULI ANDRIANI; RATU SAFITRI; EMMA ROCHIMA; SARAH DEWI FAKHRUDIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090214

Abstract

Andriani Y, Safitri R, Rochima E, Fakhrudin SD. 2017. Characterization of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis potentials as probiotic bacteria in Vanamei shrimp feed (Litopenaeus Vannamei Boone, 1931). Nusantara Bioscience 9: 188-193. This study aimed to characterize the Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis potentials as probiotic bacteria in Vanamei shrimp feed (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931). A two-phase experimental descriptive method in a laboratory scale was applied in this study. The first phase was the bacterial growth curve observation of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis. The second phase was the characterization of the two bacteria in terms of their tolerance to an acidic condition, temperature, and bile salt concentration. The measured parameter was the number of colonies in predetermined acidic conditions, temperatures, and bile salt concentrations. The number of growing bacterial colonies was calculated using the total plate count method. Results show that B. subtilis had an optimal growth point at the eighth hours, achieving a total population of 6.138x1013 CFU/mL, while the optimal growth point for B. licheniformis was reached at the tenth hour with 4.299x1013 CFU/mL. Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis were also tolerant at 40, 50, and 60°C. The acid tolerance testing was conducted at pH of 2, 4, and 6. It was revealed that Bacillus subtilis were intolerant to acidic condition at pH = 2, in which the number of colonies decreased drastically. On the contrary, B. licheniformis was tolerant to pH = 2, which was evident from the absence of a drastic decrease in the number of colonies. Both B. subtilis and B. licheniformis were tolerant to pH 4 and 6. High tolerance to 0.3% and 0.5% bile salt concentration was observed in both Bacillus subtilis and B. Licheniformis with a high number of colonies of 1010 CFU/mL. Therefore, it is concluded that both B. subtilis and B. licheniformis can be developed into probiotics.
Screening of soybean genotypes for resistance to pod sucking bug, Riptortus linearis AYDA KRISNAWATI; MARIDA SANTI YUDHA IKA BAYU; M. MUCHLISH ADIE
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090213

Abstract

Krisnawati A, Bayu MSIY, Adie MM. 2017. Screening of soybean genotypes for resistance to pod sucking bug, Riptortus linearis. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 181-187. Pod sucking bug, Riptortus linearis, is potentially harmful pest of soybean in Indonesia. The development of resistant variety is one of the major goal in soybean breeding. The research aimed was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to pod sucking bug. The experiment was conducted in Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute’s screen house from March to June 2015. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design using 10 soybean genotypes with three replicates. The resistance was evaluated by choice and no-choice test. Data collected on some agronomic characters, number of damaged pod/plant, and number of damaged seed/plant. The resistance criteria determined by using the method from Chiang and Talekar (1980). The results showed that the lowest percentage of pod and seed damage was found on G511H/Anjasmoro//Anjasmoro-2-8 in both no-choice and choice test. In the no-choice test, the lowest percentage of pod and seed damage were 25.83% and 19.12%, respectively. In the choice test, the lowest percentage of pod and seed damage were 25.02% and 20.02%, respectively. The grouping of resistance genotypes based on the no-choice test as well as choice test, the genotype G511H/Anjasmoro//Anjasmoro-2-8 showed a consistently resistant. This genotype could be used as a resistant donor in the soybean breeding program for resistance to pod sucking bug.
Limnological profile of Kamal Sagar Wetland of Burdwan Town, West Bengal, India S.K. ALAMGIR BADSHA; N.C. JANA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090215

Abstract

Badsha SKA, Jana NC. 2017. Limnological profile of Kamal Sagar Wetland of Burdwan Town, West Bengal, India. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 195-201. Wetlands, valuable ecosystems that occur extensively throughout the world in all climatic zones, are estimated to cover about 6% of the earth surface. The Kamal Sagar Wetland (KASW) is one of the important perennial wetlands of Burdwan, India. The documentary, field survey with questionnaires and laboratory analysis methods have been used from 2009 to 2013 to access to information, for identifying capabilities and limiting factors of the Wetland. It’s physical, chemical and biological parameters have been considered to know the potentialities of wetlands. The results are showing that BOD5 is high in pre-monsoon season for the presence of hydrocarbon of automobile shops and garbage mixing by the stakeholders. pH is alkaline in all time. Transparency & euphotic limit values are half in summer season than other seasons because of low water depth, turbidity ranges from 60 to 75 NTU, organic carbon ranges from 0.55% to 0.79%. Surface runoff, hydrocarbon, and development activities of Burdwan Town have increased pollution load in this Wetland. It can be considered as important threats for the wetland. It is recommended to make a necessary study on physicochemical and biological parameters of wetland and also the current threats and opportunities.
Fertilization and development of mice (Mus musculus) embryo in vitro after supplementing the extract of Pandanus conoideus KARTINI ERIANI; PUTRI LAILAN TIFANI; SYAHRUDDIN SAID
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090216

Abstract

Eriani K, Tifani PL, Said S. 2017. Fertilization and development of mice (Mus musculus) embryo in vitro after supplementing the extract of Pandanus conoideus. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 202-208. An extract of red fruit (ERF/Pandanus conoideus Lam.) contains beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol, i.e. antioxidant compounds group which can stop the formation of free radicals during in vitro fertilization. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a free radical which resulted in an oxygen derivate. This research aimed to determine the effect of ERF supplementation on fertilization rate and embryo in vitro development of mice. The study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three group of treatments (ERF dosage supplement: 0 mL, 0.05 mL, and 0.1 mL) and three replications. Each dosage was added to five mice in 7 days. In total, 45 samples were used. Research procedure included extraction of P. conoideus Lam, treatment on the sample, superovulation, preparation of sperm, oocyte collection, in vitro fertilization, and in vitro culture. Parameters observed were the quality of oocyte, the fertilization rate of mice and the development stage of in vitro pre-implantation mice embryo. Acquired data analyzed quantitatively using One Way ANAVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% significance level. The result showed that all treatments did not affect significantly (p>0.05) on the quality of oocyte, in vitro fertilization of oocyte and in vitro early development of embryo. Suggested for further research about the improvement technique of in vitro fertilization and early embryo development.
Nutrient content of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) by various bioactivator and soaking time INCE RADEN; S. SYARIEF FATHILLAH; M. FADLI; SUYADI SUYADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090217

Abstract

Raden I, Fathillah SS, Fadli M, Suyadi. 2017. Nutrient content of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) by various bio-activator and soaking time. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 209-213. Inorganic fertilizers have negative impacts on soil structure, cause water and soil pollution, and produce less healthy crop production. These conditions can be improved with organic fertilizers. The research aimed to make liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) treated with various bio-activator and soaking time and to know the nutritional content in it as well. Observed variables were pH; C/N ratio; macro and micro nutrients. Research used a completely randomized design in factorial analysis. The first factor was the various bio-activator (b), i.e. b1 = EM-4 culture; b2 = boisca; and b3 = shrimp paste. The second factor was soaking time (t), i.e. t1 = 10 days; t2 = 20 days, t3 = 30 days; and t4 = 40 days. The treatment was repeated (r) three times and tested by analysis of variance and LSD at 5% level. The results showed that culture of EM4 bio-activator had higher content of C/N ratio; organic-C; total-N; Co; B; Mn; Fe; Cu; and Zn than the other bio-activators, although it also had lower content of pH, P2O5; K2O than others but those values were not significantly different compared to boisca and shrimp paste bio-activators. The other result showed that soaking time had significantly effect in determining the nutrient content of the C/N ratio; Organic-C; Total-N; P2O5 ; K2O; Total-Ca; Mg; S; Co; B; Mn; Fe; Cu; and Zn, but not at pH variable. Soaking time of 40 days (t4) provided the highest value on the C/N ratio; pH; Mn; Fe; and Zn. On the other hand, soaking time of 30 days (t3) provided the highest value on the organic-C; K2O; total-Ca; and B. Meanwhile, soaking time of 20 days (t2) provided the highest nutrient values on Cu; Co; B; Mg; and total-N. While, soaking time of 10 days (t1) gave the highest value on the nutrient content of P2O5 and S. The interaction between the various bio-activator and soaking time b3t3 had the highest value 575.41 ppm of B, then treatment b2t3 had the highest 0.89% of K2O, and treatment b1t4 gave the highest nutrient content 1648.82 ppm of Fe.
Addition of Chromium (Cr+3) in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal on jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii HENDRY YANTO; JUNIANTO JUNIANTO; RITA ROSTIKA; YULI ANDRIANI; ISKANDAR ISKANDAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090218

Abstract

Yanto H, Junianto, Rostika R, Andriani Y, Iskandar. 2017. Addition of Chromium (Cr+3) in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal on jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 214-219. This experiment aimed to find the optimal level of Cr+3 in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal to increase the growth of jelawat (Leptobarbus hoevenii Bleeker, 1851). The completely randomized design had five levels of Cr+3, they were A0 (0.52), A1 (1.55), A2 (3.03), A3 (4.52) and A4 (6.04) mg kg-1 in the diet. The source of Cr+3 was CrCl3 6H2O which was fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results showed that Cr+3 in diets could activate the insulin and regulate the blood glucose. The fastest increase in blood glucose occurs 5 hours after feeding on Chromium 1.5 mg kg-1. The liver and muscle glycogen, protein and lipid of bodies, protein and lipid retentions, daily growth rate, and feed efficiency were significant (P<0.05). The diet containing Cr+3 1.55 mg kg-1 resulted in the highest for liver glycogen, body protein, body lipid, protein and lipid retentions, daily growth rate and feed efficiency. The Cr+3 level of 1.55 mg kg-1 in the diet contained 30% fermented yellow corn meal and 42.79% total carbohydrate was the best for the growth and feed efficiency of jelawat.
Dental caries bacterial isolates sensitivity toward water-, ethanolicextract and essential oils of several shallot cultivars (Allium cepa) IDA INDRAWATI; AULIA PONNY ANGGRAINI; BUDI IRAWAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090220

Abstract

Indrawati I, Anggraini AP, Irawan B. 2017. Dental caries bacterial isolates sensitivity toward water-, ethanolic- extract and essential oils of several shallot cultivars (Allium cepa). Nusantara Bioscience 9: 229-235. Sensitivity test of dental caries bacterial isolates has been carried out toward water-, ethanolic- extract and essential oil of Batu, Maja, Sumenep shallot cultivars. The experimental method was conducted using sensitivity test through Kirby-Bauer method with randomized complete design factorial 5 x 16 for each shallot cultivars with two replications. Factor one (i) was dental caries bacteria isolates (Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp.1, Staphylococcus sp.2, Staphylococcus sp.3 and Streptococcus sp.). The other factor (ii) was an antibacterial agent (water-extract, ethanolic- extract and essential oil of Batu, Maja, Sumenep shallot cultivars and antibiotic Vancomycine 30 μg). Concentration for each shallot cultivars extract that used was 80%, 40%, 20%, 10% and 0%. The result of sensitivity test to those antibacterial agents showed that 80% water extract of Maja cultivar had the best inhibition zone of Staphylococcus sp.1 growth with the average of inhibition zone 37 mm. The interaction factor between essential oil from Batu and Maja as well as Sumenep shallot cultivar revealed a better inhibition zone than Vancomycine 30 μg with all bacterial isolates tested.
Utilization of several herbal plant extracts on Nile tilapia in preventing Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. bacterial infection ESTI HANDAYANI HARDI; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; WIWIN SUWINARTI; GINA SAPTIANI; SUMOHARJO SUMOHARJO; ANGELA MARIANA LUSIASTUTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090219

Abstract

Hardi EH, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Saptiani G, Sumoharjo, Lusiastuti AM. 2017. Utilization of several herbal plant extracts on Nile Tilapia in preventing Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. bacterial infection. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 220-228. This study described the effect of the ethanol extracts of temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata), terong asam (Solanum ferox), and lempuyang (Zingiber zerumbet) in increasing the nonspecific immunity of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) as well as in inhibiting Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. infections. The ethanol extracts concentrations used in this study were: 600 and 900 ppm for B. pandurata, 400 and 900 ppm for S. ferox, and 200 and 2000 ppm for Z. zerumbet. 0.1 mL of each extract was administered via intraperitoneal injection into the tilapia fish with a weight of about 15 g. Challenge test on day 6 was done via intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas bacterial suspension (density 1010 CFU/mL-1) into the fish. Thereafter, the fishes were kept for another 14 days to monitor the effectivity of the extract treatments in inhibiting pathogenic bacterial infection, by measuring several parameters such as hematocrit (He), hemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte (TE) on day 0 and day 14. Total leukocyte and phagocytic index were observed on day 0, 6, and 14. In addition, observations on the changes in swimming pattern, anatomic pathology, as well as fish mortality rate and relative percent survival (RPS) after challenge test were conducted as well. The results indicated that, overall, the three extracts were able to increase the total leukocyte, phagocytic index and maintain the blood parameters (He, Hb and TE) in a normal state. The protection rate against A. hydrophila observed in the fish treated with 200 and 2000 ppm Z. zerumbet extracts were 100%. Meanwhile, that of the fish supplemented with 600 and 900 ppm B. pandurata were 63% and 68%, respectively. In response to Pseudomonas sp. infection, the RPS of the fish receiving 900 ppm S. ferox was significantly higher than that treated with 400 ppm S. ferox. In conclusion, all concentrations B. pandurata, S. ferox, and Z. zerumbet extracts evaluated in this study was effective in preventing A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. Infections, and had a positive impact on the nonspecific immune response which in turn enhance its capability in inhibiting pathogenic bacterial infection.
Characterization and clustering of agronomic characters of several soybean genotypes M. MUCHLISH ADIE; AYDA KRISNAWATI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090301

Abstract

Adie MM, Krisnawati A. 2016. Characterization and clustering of agronomic characters of several soybean genotypes. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 237-242. The development of improved soybean variety in Indonesia is mostly derived from crossing (51.19%), which requires the availability of gene source to serve as the parental stock. Characterization of 150 soybean genotypes was conducted in Probolinggo, Indonesia, from February to May 2016. The research was arranged in a randomized block design with two replicates. Clustering of agronomic characters was carried out using cluster analysis. The grouping was based on plant age characters (vegetative phase duration, generative phase duration, generative and vegetative ratio, days to maturity), growth characters (plant height, number of filled pods, number of empty pods, number of branches, number of nodes), and seed characters (100-seed weight and seed yield plant-1), which resulted in 10 groups/clusters. Cluster I, II and III consisted of 47, 80, and 13 genotypes, respectively; whereas other clusters consisted of one up three genotypes, respectively. Each cluster represents specific characters. Cluster IV that consisted of three genotypes showed a late maturity (83.5-88.5 days), high number of pods (81.8-83.3 pods plant-1) and high yield plant-1 (21.76- 25.78 g plant-1), but have small seed size (12.24-13.75 g 100 seed-1). Cluster VI consisted of one genotype, and characterized by large seed size (16.79 g 100 seed-1) and high yield plant-1 (15.76 g). Cluster IX (1 genotype) was characterized by early maturity (73 days), unbranched, but produced relatively low yield. The preference of soybean consumer in Indonesia is high yield, in addition to early maturity (< 80 days), and large seed size (>14 g 100 seed-1). Soybean genotypes within cluster IV, VI, and IX are valuable as gene source in the development of superior soybean varieties in Indonesia.

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