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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Different levels of the fermented yellow cornmeal in diets for jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii HENDRY YANTO; JUNIANTO JUNIANTO; RITA ROSTIKA; YULI ANDRIANI; DEDI JUSADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090407

Abstract

Yanto H, Junianto, Rostika R, Andriani Y, Jusadi D. 2017. Different levels of the fermented yellow cornmeal in diets for jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 378-384. This research aimed to determine the optimum level of fermented yellow cornmeal in diets to improve the digestive enzyme activity, material digestibility coefficient, growth and feed efficiency for jelawat (Leptobarbus hoevenii Bleeker). The experimental treatments respectively used the fermented yellow cornmeal level of A1 (10%), A2 (20%), A3 (30%), A4 (40%), and two control groups of A5 (10% of unfermented yellow corn meal) and A6 (commercial diet). The experimental diets with the same protein (isonitrogenous) and energy (isocaloric) were given to jelawat with an average size of 32.51±0.21 g per fish. The results showed that α-amylase activity and carbohydrate digestibility value of the fermented yellow cornmeal increases along with the increasing feed levels. Protein and lipid of the body, retention of protein and lipid, daily growth rate and feeding efficiency were significantly different from each treatment (P<0.05). The fermented yellow cornmeal containing a level of 30% in the diet was the best for jelawat with an optimum level of 28.21-32.28% for the growth performance and feed efficiency of jelawat.
Zinc, calcium, protein, lead, mercury, and the sensorics quality of cireng snacks supplemented with blood cockle (Anadara granosa) MARGARETHA SOLANG; DJUNA LAMONDO; SYAM S. KUMAJI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090408

Abstract

Solang M, Lamondo D, Kumaji SS. 2017. Zinc, calcium, protein, lead, mercury, and the sensorics quality of cireng snacks supplemented with blood cockle (Anadara granosa). Nusantara Bioscience 9: 385-391. Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) is a potential nutritious food with high economic value. This study aims at evaluating the level of zinc, calcium, protein, mercury, lead, and the sensorics quality of cireng (traditional Indonesian snack made from fried-tapioca flour dipped into sauces) supplemented with blood cockle. This study used complete randomised design, where the treatment factors consisted of flour made from blood cockles to supplement the flour used in making the cireng snacks. The concentration of the treatment factors were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test and LSD test. This study shows that blood cockles’ supplementation significantly increases the level of protein (p=0.05), zinc (p=0.031), calcium (p= 0.016), lead (0.000), mercury (p= 0.022) of the cireng snacks. Supplementation of blood cockles has increased the preference toward cireng’s flavor, aroma, and color by 10%, whereas the level of preference toward the texture of cireng which used the blood cockle has increased by 20% compared to cireng product with non-supplemented flour. The level of lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg) are below the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Supplementation of blood cockles from Gorontalo in the flour used in making the cireng snacks produced snacks with a better nutrition value and safe to consume. Also, the flavor, color, texture, and aroma are acceptable.
Short Communication: Antibacterial activity of certain Saudi Arabian medicinal plants used in folk medicine against different groups of bacteria ABDULLAH A. AL-GHANAYEM; SANAD M. AL SOBEAI; MOHAMMED S. ALHUSSAINI; BABU JOSEPH; ABDULMONEIM MOHAMMAD SAADABI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090409

Abstract

Al-Ghanayem AA, Al Sobeai SM, Alhussaini MS, Joseph B, Saadabi AM. 2017. Antibacterial activity of certain Saudi Arabian medicinal plants used in folk medicine against different groups of bacteria. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 392-395. Medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia has been used in folk medicine for treatment of many diseases. The present research is on medicinal plants, which are locally available such as Acacia ehrenbergiana (Arabic: Salam) (Fabaceae), Calotropis procera (Arabic: Ausher) (Apocynaceae), Haloxylon salicornicum (Arabic: Rimth) (Amaranthaceae), Panicum turgidum (Arabic: Thuman) (Poaceae), Tamarix arabica (Arabic: Athal) (Tamaricaceae), Rhazya stricta (Arabic: Harmal) (Apocynaceae) Rumex vesicarius (Arabic: Humeid) (Polygonaceae) for antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) has been determined by broth micro dilution method. A. ehrenbergiana was active against Klebsiella pneumoniae. R. vesicarius and T. arabica showed antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris. C. procera showed a moderate inhibitory activity against the bacterial pathogens tested. H. salicornicum extract was more effective towards Gram-positive bacteria. However, other extracts such as P. turgidum and R. stricta were less active against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria tested. The results will be helpful in discovering new phytochemical components with antibacterial activity that can be used against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains.
Dietary intake of micronutrient and Basal Metabolic Index of women in rural Pakistan MUHAMMAD ISRAR; SALEEM KHAN; AURANGZEB AURANGZEB; ABID ALI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090410

Abstract

Setyawan. 2017. Dietary intake of micronutrient and Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) of women in rural Pakistan. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 396-402. Population’s consumption of essential nutrients and defense against diseases is best indicated by the nutritional status of the individual. Asian women as the central player of the family and, therefore, they propagate the ill effects of malnutrition to generation. In this study, nutritional status and micronutrients (dietary minerals and vitamins) intake of rural women in Pakistan were investigated. One district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was selected, out of which, three villages were selected. From each village, 50 rural women were selected for the study. Information about food intake was obtained by a questionnaire. Nutrients intake was obtained from details of food intake in questionnaire, namely, 523 mg/day of calcium; 773 mg/day of phosphorus; 28 mg/day of Iron; 11 mg/day of zinc; 6.61 mg/day of Iodine; 172 R.E./day of Vitamin-A; 21 mg/day of Vitamin-C; 2.79 mg/day of Niacin; 0.31 mg/day of Thiamine; 0.32 mg/day of Riboflavin. The Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) was observed between 19.6 and 52.2 with a mean of 28.54. The study concluded that women’s proportion on consuming mineral and vitamins according to RDA was very small, similarly, the proportion of women in a normal range of BMI was also very small and the curve for BMI suddenly changes direction to the right which confirms that the overweight and obese rural women population was quite common.
Short Communication: Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers application on the earlymedium maturing soybean yield SRI AYU DWI LESTARI; SUTRISNO SUTRISNO; HENNY KUNTYASTUTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100101

Abstract

Lestari SAD, Sutrisno, Kuntyastuti H. 2017. Short Communication: Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers application on the early-medium maturing soybean yield. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 1-5. Efforts to increase soybean productivity can be made with the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Large amounts of organic fertilizer are required to give a positive impact on soybean yield. However, this practice is deemed inefficient in terms procurement and transportation, making farmers less interested. The addition of inorganic fertilizer or the use of nutrient-rich organic fertilizer (Santap NM2) is among the solutions. The objective of this research was to formulate management techniques for organic and inorganic fertilizers application on the early-medium maturing soybean line, Lokal Jateng/Sinabung-1036, to achieve the soybean’s maximum potential yield. The research was conducted on Alfisols at Muneng Research Station, Probolinggo, and Vertisols at Ngale Research Station, Ngawi, in the dry season of 2012. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with factorial, with three replications. The first factor was four doses of organic fertilizer and the second factor was four combination doses of ZA, SP-36, and KCl fertilizers. On the Alfisols of Probolinggo, Lokal Jateng/Sinabung-1036 soybean did not require additional inorganic fertilizers to achieve a yield of 2.71 t/ha, whereas on the Vertisols of Ngawi, Lokal Jateng/Sinabung-1036 soybean need 2 t /ha Santap NM2 to increase its yield from 2.60 t/ha to 2.81 t/ha.
[RETRACTED] Traditional ecological knowledge in conserving marine resources in Terengganu, Malaysia WAN IZATUL ASMA WAN TALAAT; SYUHADA MD JUHARI; NORIZAN ESA; SALASIAH CHE LAH; BADARUDDIN MOHAMAD
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100102

Abstract

Talaat WIAW, Md Juhari S, Esa N, Che Lah S, Mohamad M. 2018. Traditional ecological knowledge in conserving marine resources in Terengganu, Malaysia. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 6-11. Conserving marine resources to ensure its sustainable supply requires concerted effort by all the stakeholders including the local fishermen. The zoning of MPAs by the government is a formal method of conserving marine resources where some efforts of conservation on the specified areas are demonstrated. Currently, in the Terengganu waters, which sits in the southernmost part of the South China Sea, the only MPAs are the 13 islands/areas zoned as marine parks amounting to 568.69km2. Nonetheless, protecting or conserving marine resources cannot be limited to areas surrounding these marine parks alone. With 244km coastline and fishing is inherently a major economic activity in the state, more areas in the Terengganu waters should be designated as MPAs or alternatively gazetted as ecologically sensitive areas. In order to conserve marine resources to ensure its sustainable supply, a concerted effort must be carried out by all the stakeholders including the local communities, whose livelihood are directly impacted. As repositories of knowledge with regard to biodiversity, habitats and their seasonal fluctuations, the local communities must also be appreciated as resource users. The local fishermen’s TEK including familiarity with the use of sustainable fishing methods and practices are indeed pertinent for the sustainable supply of marine resources. This paper discusses the existing marine conservation efforts in Terengganu as well as explores the possibility of factoring in the local communities’ local knowledge through collaborative management to enhance these efforts.
Population structures and seasons affected flowering, pollination and reproductive outputs of sandalwood in Gunung Sewu, Java, Indonesia YENI W.N. RATNANINGRUM; SAPTO INDRIOKO; ENY FARIDAH; ATUS SYAHBUDIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100103

Abstract

Ratnaningrum YWN, Indrioko S, Faridah E, Syahbudin A. 2018. Population structures and seasons affected flowering, pollination and reproductive outputs of sandalwood in Gunung Sewu, Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 12-26. Sandalwood was the origin to the south-eastern islands of Indonesia, but is recently occurred as new landraces in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Java, Indonesia. This study compared flowering and pollination, and their effect on reproductive outputs, among sandalwood populations in Gunung Sewu, during the dry and rainy season of 2016 flowering period. Flowering and pollination rate differed significantly between seasons but were similar among sites. Oppositely, reproductive outputs differed significantly among sites, but were similar between seasons. The rainy season produced more flowers and pollination. Pollination was less correlated to flowers abundance, but more affected by population size. The higher and cooler population visited more by Dipterans (31.8% to 32.6%) and Hymenopterans (28.2% to 30%), while the warmer, lower sites dominated by Lepidopterans (37.2% to 43%) and Dipterans (32.9% to 38.2%). Higher population received fewer visits, but more visitors diversity (28 families). In contrast, lower sites received more visits, but with less diversity (20 families). Most insect families were considered “Rare” and “Occasional”. However, pooled altogether, the whole families of Lepidopterans and Dipterans considered “Frequent” and “Effective”. The Hymenopterans considered “Frequent” and “Effective” at Nglanggeran and Wanagama. The Cicadellidae of Coleopterans, along with arachnids and grasshoppers, were considered robbers. All of the agents were diurnal. However, the time of activity was varied. Rainy season gained more flowers and visits, but in contrast, resulted in fewer fruits at all sites. Both flowers abundance and pollination were negatively correlated to the reproductive parameters. Populations might gain more flowers and visits, but the reproductive outputs were significantly lower. Particularly in the clonalized and lower heterozygosity populations, more flowers increased geitonogamy which may lead to inbreeding depression.
Transaminase enzymes and lipid profiles and histological changes in Wistar rats after administration of bintangur (Calophyllum soulattri) leaves ethanolic extract INARAH FAJRIATY; PRATIWI APRIDAMAYANTI; SUCI PUTRI RAHMAWANI; ABDURRACHMAN ABDURRACHMAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100104

Abstract

Fajriaty I, Apridamayanti P, Rahmawani SP, Abdurrachman. 2018. Transaminase enzymes and lipid profiles and histological changes in Wistar rats after administration of bintangur (Calophyllum soulattri) leaves ethanolic extract. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 27- 35. Bintangur (Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F) can be found in West Kalimantan and traditionally used as a medicine for treatment of wounds, inflammation, and rheumatism. Bintangur contains terpene derivatives, xanthones, coumarins, steroid derivatives, flavonoid and also saponins. The present study was conducted to determine the in vivo effect of oral administration of bintangur leaves ethanolic extract (BLEE) on transaminase and lipid profiles and histological changes in experimental rats. Eighty-four Wistar rats were divided into six groups; each group consisted of seven male and seven female rats. The first group was applied with CMC-Na 1% as a control. The second, third, and fourth group were applied with 100 mg kg-1 BW, 400 mg kg-1 BW, 1000 mg kg-1 BW dose of BLEE respectively. The fifth and sixth group were the satellite for assessment of reversibility, persistence or delayed effects. The animals were given extract once daily for 28 days, while for the satellite groups still observed until 14 days. At the end of the study, all rats were sacrificed, and the blood and organs were collected for biochemical and histological examination. The result showed that BLEE increased transaminase profile, ALT, and AST, with the highest increase in 400 mg kg-1 BW dose. But a significant increase (p<0.05) only found in AST profile of 400 mg kg-1 BW dose in female rats. In lipid profile, BLEE did not affect cholesterol total, but caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in triglyceride profile of 1000 mg kg-1 BW dose in male and female rats. In the histological assessment, obvious histological changes were observed in liver and heart. There had necrosis of hepatocytes cells of male and female rats with obvious changes in 1000 mg kg-1 BW dose and congestion of central vein of male rats in 400 mg kg-1 BW dose and 1000 mg kg-1 BW dose. In heart muscle fibers showed an irregular structure in 1000 mg kg-1 BW dose of female rats. While observation of spleen showed no harmful changes in all groups. The conclusion of this study showed BLEE increase transaminase profile and some damaging effect on the liver and heart organ of Wistar rat but should be considered as an herbal medicine with potential effect as antihypertriglyceridemia.
Short Communication: Perception of synthetic biology application for biodiversity conservation among life science students in Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia RAHMAT AZHARI KEMAL
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100105

Abstract

Kemal RA. 2018. Short Communication: Perception of synthetic biology application for biodiversity conservation among life science students in Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 35-39. The emerging science of synthetic biology uses advanced engineering and biological science to re-design living organisms to carry out a specific function. Its application to biodiversity conservation seems promising yet barely addressed. Public perception of any emerging sciences and technologies should be studied. Therefore, this pilot study sought insight into the public perception of synthetic biology application to biodiversity conservation. As a pilot study, a web-based survey was designed for life science students in Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Obtained responses were exported into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results showed that respondents had a high agreement (>75%) on biodiversity problems, but the attitude toward risk in tackling problems is more cautious yet still open to new conservation technology. The respondents' overall perception of synthetic biology application for biodiversity conservation was positive (70% agreed/strongly agreed). The respondents perceived the application as risky but at the same time beneficial. There was a significant correlation between support for new technology development for biodiversity conservation with belief in promises that synthetic biology application's benefit (0.549, p<0.001). The respondents were still optimistic that the application would not decrease people's interest in biodiversity conservation. Results from this pilot study can serve as starting point for discussions and assessments of synthetic biology application in biodiversity conservation.
Short Communication: Muscle protein bands resolved by Sarotherodon melanotheron from fresh and brackish water habitats R.N. OLADOSU-AJAYI; I.T. OMONIYI; H.E. DIENYE
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100106

Abstract

Oladosu-Ajayi RN, Omoniyi IT, Dienye HE. 2018. Muscle protein bands resolved by Sarotherodon melanotheron from fresh and brackish water habitats. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 40-45. An electrophoretic analysis of muscle protein of Sarotherodon melanotheron from freshwater (Eleiyele Reservoir, Ibadan, Nigeria) and brackish water (Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria) was carried out using the Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The protein banding patterns for the fish species were distinguishable. The freshwater S. melanotheron samples displayed 15-22 protein bands with the male samples having the highest while the brackish water S. melanotheron samples displayed 13-20 protein bands with the female having the highest. The freshwater S. melanotheron were also observed to have resolved a higher range of protein bands of molecular weights ranging between 20 kd to 99 kd than the brackish water species, which resolved protein bands of lower molecular weights ranging between 20 kd to 95 kd. The electrophoretic analysis of muscle proteins revealed that SDS-PAGE can be considered a good taxonomic criterion to differentiate among and within fish species.

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