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Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Published by CV Media Inti Teknologi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31239838     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.57
Core Subject :
The journal accepts original manuscripts, case studies, and literature reviews that cover, but are not limited to, the following topics: Natural Product Chemistry and Biology: Isolation, purification, and structural characterization of bioactive compounds from natural sources. Pharmacology and Mechanisms of Action: Pharmacological evaluation (in-vitro and in-vivo), including dose-response studies, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacodynamics. Development of Drug Formulations and Delivery Systems: Development of ready-made forms, formulations, and delivery systems of natural products-based drugs. Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy: Qualitative and quantitative analysis, extract standardization, and phytochemical analysis methods. Network Pharmacology: A computational approach to understanding the complex interactions between natural products and biological targets. Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology: Secondary metabolite production, biosynthesis, and genetic engineering to increase the production of bioactive compounds. In-silico Studies: Molecular modeling, docking, and virtual screening to identify drug candidate compounds from nature. Medical Chemistry: The design, synthesis, and structural modification of natural compounds to enhance their therapeutic potential. Bioequivalence and Biopharmaceutical Tests: Bioavailability evaluation and other biopharmaceutical studies for natural medicinal products.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Evaluation of The Rationality of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Treatment in Inpatients at Rsi Siti Aisyah Madiun in The 2024 Period Djembor Sugeng Walujo; Fitria Wahyuning Wulan; Azrena Tasya Nur Afifah
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v1i1.43

Abstract

Background of Study: Drug rationality is an important aspect to ensure the achievement of therapeutic effects and improve the quality of life of patients with the criteria of the right drug, right dose, right diagnosis and right indication. Meanwhile, thet use oft a drugt is saidt to bet irrationalt if thet possibilityt of negativet impactst receivedt by thet patientt is greatert than its benefitstt.Aims and Scope of Paper: This study aimst to determine the descriptiont of the rationalityt of Denguet Hemorrhagict Fevert (DHF) treatment in hospitalized patients at RSI Siti Aisyah Madiun in terms of the right drug, right dose, right diagnosis, and right indication.Method: The study used was an observationalt study conductedt retrospectively with univariate analysis and purposive sampling techniques.Results: The use of drugs for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) from the electrolyte fluid group, namely asering infusion 22.56%, RL infusion 33.83%, NS infusion 23.31%, D5 infusion 0.45% 20.30%, and for the antipyretic group, namely paracetamol 100%, for the antiemetic group, namely ondansetron 67.67%, metoclopramide 32.33% while from the supplement and vitamin group, namely curcuma 77.44% and psidii 22.56%. The rationality of drug use includes 100% correct drug, 97.74% correct dose, and 100% correct diagnosis and 100% correct indication.Conclusion: Based on the variables tested, thet rationalityt of the uset of drugs for Dengue Hemorrhagict Fevert (DHF) has met the criteria for rationality of treatment.
Antimicrobial Activities of Selected Fabaceae Plants Found in Northern Nigeria: A Systematic and Critical Review Mujahid Musa; Abubakar Aji
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v1i1.46

Abstract

Background of study: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical global health threat, diminishing the efficacy of existing antibiotics and complicating the management of infectious diseases. Medicinal plants remain an invaluable source of new antimicrobial agents. The Fabaceae family is abundantly represented across Northern Nigeria and forms a cornerstone of ethnomedicine for treating bacterial and fungal infections. However, scientific evidence on their antimicrobial activities remains fragmented.Aim and scope of paper: This systematic review synthesizes evidence (2018–2025) on the antimicrobial activities of selected Fabaceae species found in Northern Nigeria.Methods: Using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, AJOL, and SpringerLink. Peer-reviewed experimental studies evaluating antimicrobial activities of Fabaceae plants native to or present in Northern Nigeria were included. Data were narratively synthesized due to methodological heterogeneity.Results: Thirty eligible studies were identified, covering Parkia biglobosa, Tamarindus indica, Acacia senegal, Acacia nilotica, Prosopis juliflora, Senna alata, Erythrina senegalensis, Tephrosia vogelii, Cassia fistula, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pterocarpus tinctorius, and Bauhinia species. Extracts especially methanolic and ethanolic showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, with inhibition zones ranging from 12–30 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) between 0.25–4 mg/mL. Some species exhibit exhibits and virulence-attenuating effects.Conclusion: Fabaceae plants in Northern Nigeria demonstrate substantial antimicrobial potential and warrant deeper investigation for drug development. Future research should focus on bioactive compound isolation, mechanistic elucidation, toxicity assessment, and in vivo validation.
Multi-Target Mechanisms of Celery-Derived Luteolin Glycosides Revealed by Network Pharmacology: A Systems-Level Perspective on Therapeutic Targeting of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Andzely Zahana Putri; Indri Meirista; Hendri Satria Kamal Uyun; Rizky Yulion Putra
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v1i1.49

Abstract

Background of study: Luteolin and its glycoside derivatives from natural sources possess potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, yet their multi-target mechanisms remain incompletely characterized.Aims and scope of paper: This study aimed to systematically elucidate the multi-target pharmacological mechanisms of three luteolin glycoside compounds (Luteolin 7-apiosyl(1→6)glucoside, Luteolin 7-sambubioside, and Luteolin 7-primeveroside) extracted via NaDES technology using integrated network pharmacology approaches, focusing on identification of core therapeutic targets and pathways modulating inflammatory and oxidative stress responses.Method: Comprehensive network pharmacology analysis was conducted through: (1) target prediction via TargetNet and Swiss Target Prediction platforms; (2) protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction using STRING database; (3) disease-associated gene identification through GeneCards; (4) topological centrality analysis using Cytoscape with CytoNCA plugin. Hub proteins were prioritized based on degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality measures.Result: Network analysis identified 40 predicted targets with 5-6 intersection genes per compound. Venn diagram analysis revealed TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) as the critical hub protein (degree centrality 3.0, betweenness centrality 7.0), establishing a TNF-XDH-CYP1A2-ALOX15 integrated regulatory axis. Luteolin 7-apiosyl(1→6)glucoside and Luteolin 7-primeveroside demonstrated highest potency with 6 intersection targets, while Luteolin 7-sambubioside exhibited selective oxidative stress pathway.Conclusion: Network pharmacology analysis successfully elucidated the integrated TNF-XDH-CYP1A2-ALOX15 axis as a core mechanism through which luteolin glycosides coordinately modulate inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. These findings provide mechanistic validation for therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. Future experimental validation is essential to translate these predictions into clinical therapeutic applications.
Effect of Acarbose on Blood Sugar Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) With Pathologies of Liver Dysfunction and Renal Dysfunction Sry Nur Admidha; aisa dinda mitra; Mohammad Qais Rezvani
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v1i1.50

Abstract

Background of study: Diabetes is caused by metabolic disorders that result in high blood glucose levels due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. This disease can trigger serious psychological, social, and physical problems and increase the risk of kidney and liver disease. Insulin resistance exacerbates liver damage through hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress, which also affects kidney function. Research on acarbose suggests its potential to reduce diabetes complications, including liver and kidney dysfunction.Aims and scope of paper: This study aims to determine the effect of acarbose on blood glucose levels in diabetic rats with induced liver and kidney dysfunction using an in vivo experimental model.Methods: This study is an in vivo experiment using a male white rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a subject. The study began with acclimatization of mice, followed by induction with aloxan, CCl4, and gentamicin, and observation for 7 days. After that, the mice were given acarbose suspension according to the test group, and blood samples were analyzed.Result: The results showed that acarbose was effective in lowering blood sugar levels in diabetic and liver-dysfunction mice, but had no effect in kidney-dysfunction mice because there was no kidney damage.Conclusion: acarbose significantly lowered blood sugar levels in mice with diabetes and liver dysfunction, but not in those with kidney dysfunction.
Antioxidant Activity In Pineapple Kombucha Tea (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) oki febrian; Mukhlis Sanuddin
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v1i1.51

Abstract

Background of study: Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is known for being rich in vitamin C, B1, B6, and folic acid, and it possesses strong antioxidant properties effective against free radicals, which can cause cellular damage and lead to degenerative diseases.Aims and scope of paper: This study focuses on testing the antioxidant activity of made from pineapple kombucha extractMethods: The research scope includes preparing pineapple samples and producing kombucha through a 14-day fermentation process. The antioxidant activity of the kombucha is then tested using the DPPH method, with the IC50 value serving as an indicator of antioxidant capacityResult: A lower IC50 value corresponds to higher antioxidant activity, and it was found that pineapple kombucha exhibits stronger antioxidant activity (IC50 7.51 μg/ml) compared to regular kombucha (IC50 39.46 μg/ml). This enhancement is due to the increased phenolic content and vitamin C during fermentation. The process of making pineapple kombucha involves boiling 2 liters of mineral water, adding 6 tea bags (10 grams) and 500 grams of sugar, then pouring the mixture into a growth jar. After cooling, 2 pieces of SCOBY are added, and the mixture is fermented for 14 days. Previous studies have demonstrated that regular kombucha tea has strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 39.46 μg/ml. However, pineapple kombucha shows even higher antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 7.51 μg/ml.Conclusion: This suggests that adding pineapple to kombucha not only enhances its flavor but also significantly increases its health benefits by boosting its antioxidant activity.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Acacia nilotica Leaf Extracts Against Salmonella Species Isolated from Patients Attending Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria Mujahid Musa; Rabia Idris Hanga; Auwalu Halliru Arzai
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.57

Abstract

Background: Salmonella infection remains endemic in northern Nigeria, with rising antimicrobial resistance. While Acacia nilotica has been widely studied, research has focused mainly on bark and roots.Aims: this study provides novel clinical evidence on the antibacterial activity of its leaf extracts against Salmonella isolates from patients in Kano.Methods: Four hundred stool samples from patients screened for typhoid were enriched in Selenite F broth and cultured on selective media. Presumptive Salmonella isolates were identified phenotypically by morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical profiling. Leaves of A. nilotica were extracted with water and ethanol. Phytochemical screening was performed, and antibacterial activity was assessed by agar diffusion at graded concentrations. MIC and MBC were determined by broth dilution.Result; Fourteen isolates (3.5%) were identified as Salmonella phenotpically. Phytochemical analysis revealed abundant tannins, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. Both extracts exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition against a subset of isolates, with ethanol showing higher activity (zones up to 20 mm at 50 mg/mL) than water. MICs ranged from 25–50 mg/mL, and MBCs were typically 50 mg/mL for susceptible isolates. Activity was substantially lower than ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: A. nilotica leaves possess measurable but modest anti-Salmonella activity. While weaker than reports for bark and roots, the leaf-based approach offers sustainability and safety advantages. Further molecular identification is warranted, with tannins, alkaloids, and saponins prioritized for bioassay-guided isolation.
Effectiveness Testing of Mahogany Seed Ethanol Extract (EEBM) as an Antidiarrheal Agent in Male Wistar Strain White Mice Naili Fadlir Rahma Zahiri; Miming Andika; Billy Harnaldo Putra
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.81

Abstract

Background: Increased bowel motions and a looser stool consistency than usual are signs of diarrhea. Alkaloids, which are present in traditional plants like mahogany seeds and can reduce intestinal motility and excess fluid secretion, are one of the secondary metabolites utilized as an antidiarrheal.Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mahogany seed ethanol extract as an antidiarrheal agent in male Wistar strain white mice.Methods: Using 96% ethanol as a solvent, extraction was carried out by maceration. 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW were the dosages utilized; loperamide was employed as a comparator. Six groups of twenty-four experimental animals were given 0.5 mL of oleum ricini to induce diarrhea. The intestinal transit method (measuring the length of the norit passage through the intestine) and the defecation method (frequency, consistency, and weight of feces) were then used to make observations. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the data, and Bonferroni's post hoc test was then used.Result: The extract was most successful in producing antidiarrheal effects at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW, according to the results of the oleum ricini-induced antidiarrheal activity test. The diarrhea group did not differ significantly from the 50 mg/kgBW and 100 mg/kgBW dose groups in the initial parameters of diarrhea, but they did differ significantly from the loperamide and 200 mg/kgBW dose groups.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of mahogany seeds (EEMB) exhibited antidiarrheal effects at doses of 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW in experiments on male white rats. Therefore, EEMB may be a potential antidiarrheal drug for further pharmacological development.
Bioactivity of Zwitterion Green Solvent Antioxidants With The Mae Method of Senduduk Leaf (Melastoma malabathricum L.) and Identification Of Bioactive Compounds With LC-MS/MS Zahra Fitriani; Deny Sutrisno
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.93

Abstract

Background: Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) is a medicinal plant commonly found in Indonesia and traditionally used as an antibacterial, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing agent. This potential encourages the development of more innovative and environmentally friendly natural-based pharmaceutical preparations.Aims: This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of NaDES zwitterion extract of senduduk leaves using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method and to identify bioactive compounds using LC-MS/MS analysis.Methods: Extraction was carried out using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NaDES) consisting of betaine as Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) and lactic acid as Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) with a mole ratio of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5. The extraction process was carried out using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with variations in power and extraction time. The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH method with the determination of IC50 values , while compound identification was carried out using LC-MS/MS.Result: The results showed that the extract was liquid, yellowish brown, reddish, to blackish in color with a distinctive aroma. The pH value of the extract was 3.44 ( 1:1), 2.85 (1:3), and 2.59 (1:5) which were classified as acidic. The antioxidant activity showed a very strong category with an IC₅₀ value of (2.35 µg /mL), approaching ascorbic acid of (2.21µg/mL). LC-MS/MS analysis identified 20 chemical compounds consisting of carbohydrates, alkaloids, as well as amino acids and peptides which also play a role as antioxidants.Conclusion: NaDES zwitterion extract of senduduk leaves using the MAE method has very strong antioxidant activity and contains potential bioactive compounds that can be utilized in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
Antibacterial Activity NaDES Zwitterion Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaves Microwave Assisted extraction (MAE) results Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli M Khautal Abqori; Nurhayati
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.113

Abstract

Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance is a challenge in controlling Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infections, so it is necessary to search for new antibacterial candidates from local medicinal plants. Indonesia has high biodiversity, one of which is the senduduk plant (Melastoma malabathricum L.) which has been used as a traditional medicine by the community.Aims : To evaluate the antibacterial activity of senduduk leaves extract (Melastoma malabathricum L.) obtained through environmentally friendly extraction (Green Extraction).Methods: The extraction process used the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with a solvent made from a Zwitterion-based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NaDES).This solvent is made by mixing betaine, which acts as a Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA), with lactic acid, which acts as a Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD). The amounts of these two components were tested in different ratios: 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5. Antibacterial tests were done against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method, and each test was repeated three times.Result: The extract prepared using the 1:5 molar ratio exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with a very strong inhibition zone category in both test bacteria, with an average value of inhibition zone diameter of 22.46 mm in Staphylococcus aureus and an average value of inhibition zone diameter of 20.66 mm in Escherichia coli. This result was higher compared to the molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:3, which only reached the category of strong inhibition zones.Conclusion: The MAE method with NaDES solvent is an effective method in developing the potential of senduduk leaves as a natural antibacterial agent.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Nuts of Anacardium occidentale Kabir Danjuma; Paul Jere
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.131

Abstract

Background: Anacardium occidentale (cashew) is an economically important tropical plant valued for its edible nuts and numerous medicinal properties. Beyond the plant itself, its endophytic fungi have attracted increasing attention as potential sources of bioactive secondary metabolites with antioxidant and therapeutic applications. Despite the well-documented phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Anacardium occidentale, limited information is available on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of its nut-associated endophytic fungi.Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Anacardium occidentale (cashew) nuts.Methods: Four endophytic fungal isolates (EF1–EF4) were cultured, and their crude extracts were subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses using standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, IC₅₀ determination, and total antioxidant capacity assay.Result: All fungal isolates contained important bioactive phytochemicals and exhibited antioxidant activity. EF3 showed the highest levels of phenolics, tannins, and terpenoids, as well as the strongest antioxidant activity, with the lowest IC₅₀ value (47.55 µg/mL) and the highest total antioxidant capacity (112.83 mg AAE/g extract) among the fungal isolates.Conclusion: This research has identified novel fungal-derived natural antioxidants from Anacardium occidentale nuts with potential applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries.

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