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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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Anatomical Characters of Aquilaria microcarpa Interacting with Fusarium sp Rima HS Siburian; Ulfah J. Siregar; Iskandar Z. Siregar; Erdy Santoso; Imam Wahyudi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 20 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1409.897 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2013.20.2.258

Abstract

AbstractAquilaria microcarpa is one of agarwood-producing plants, Interaction of pathogenic fungi may cause physiological changes in plants that have an impact on visual changes in cells, tissues or organs of plants. This study aims to determine differences in the anatomical characters of Aquilaria microcarpa that have been inoculated with Fusarium sp. Observations of anatomical characters showed that traits of inoculated and un-inoculated Aquilaria microcarpa in general are partly different. The difference was found in wood color, odor/aroma, the pores of wood and leather inserted visible. Chemical compounds contained in the plant interact with fusarium was Elemol, Baimuxinal, 3-phenyl-2-butanone, chromen-4-one.
ADDITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL SOURCE, Amomum compactum Soland ex Maton AND ITS EFFECT ON RUMINAL FEED FERMENTATION IN-VITRO Asih Kurniawati; Widodo Widodo; Wayan Tunas Artama; Lies Mira Yusiati
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 26 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (213.771 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2019.26.3.1089

Abstract

Essential Oil (EO), as feed additive, is known to increase the feed efficiency and reduce the methane production among ruminants. This research was done to study the effect of java cardamom (Amomum compactum Soland ex Maton) essential oil as feed additive on ruminal feed fermentation. The in vitro gas production technique was used in this research to determine the effect of cardamom on nutrient fermentation in the rumen. Cardamom meal was added into the feed sample to get end concentration of EO in the fermentation medium as much as 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/l. The substrate consisted of Pennisetum purpureum, rice bran and wheat pollard. The addition of cardamom did not significantly affect the digestibilityof dry matter   except at 100 mg/l in which it decreased. Protein digestibility decreased when the diet was added with cardamom, whereas organic matter and crude fiber digestibility increased up to 13.5% and 24% level of EO100mg/l respectively.  The production of volatile fatty acid (acetate, propionate, butyrate), pH and microbial protein synthesis except the ammonia concentration, were not affected by cardamom addition. Similarly, the methane production and protozoa population did not significantly change. The utilization of java cardamom as feed additive positively affected the ruminal feed fermentation by increasing the organic matter and crude fiber digestibility and reducing the protein digestibility.
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM CANDRADIMUKA CRATER IN CENTRAL JAVA EMPLOYING PCR-RFLP OF 16S-rRNA GENE TEMMY DESILIYARNI; ANTONIUS SuwANTOAAAo; MAGGY T. SUHARTONO; TRESNAWATI PURWADARIA
BIOTROPIA No. 14 (1999)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (196.046 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1999.0.14.155

Abstract

The specific primers for bacteria (63f and 1387r) were used to amplify the 16S-rRNA genes from total community genomic DNA of thermophilic bacteria. The total community genomic DNA was obtained from muds and water samples of Candradimuka crater, Dieng Plateau, Central Java. PCR products were cloned into vector  pCR*2.1-TOPO (3.9 kb) and transformed into Escherichia coli TOPIC. Two  tetrameric restriction endonucleases  Rsal  and  Hhal  were employed to generate Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) paterns. These enzymes yielded 10 and 9 groups of 16S-rRNA profiles or OTU (Operational Taxonomic Units) from 27 16S-rRNA gene clones. Rsal was found to be more discriminative in differentiating the clones than Hhal. Rsal-RFLP indicated that OTU 7 and OTU 3 represented the most abundant clones, i.e. 6 and 5 clones respectively. The distribution of 16S-rRNA gene clones could  indicate relative distribution of  specific groups of  thermophilic  bacteria  in  their  natural habitat. Analysis of diversity at the DNA level could represent both culturable  and  unculturable bacteria in the  environment. Similarity analysis showed that  at level  0.600 there  were 8 different  groups from 10  RFLP  profiles generated by  Rsal  digestion. This study indicated that there were at least 8 groups of different thermophilic bacteria occupying Candradimuka crater. Key words: Thermophiles, 16S-rRNA, Candradimuka crater.
Mortality and Ingrowth Pattern of Dipterocarps in Forest Recovery in East Kalimantan Farida H. Susanty; Endang Suhendang; I Nengah Surati Jaya; Cecep Kusmana
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1239.552 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2015.22.1.297

Abstract

In primary and logged-over natural forest, the stand conditions such as stand structure, mortality and ingrowth rates will vary according to the species characteristic.  The study objective was to determine mortality and ingrowth/recruitment rates to formulate biometric characteristic variability of dipterocarps forest in logged-over forests based on time series data.  The study site was located in Labanan, East Kalimantan Province. Permanent measurement plots within logged-over forest were located to represent threedifferent logging techniques, i.e., (a)reduced impact logging with limit diameter 50 cm (RIL 50), (b) RIL 60, (c) conventional logging and (d) primary forest as control.  Total plot permanent area about 48 ha that measured 2 years periodically along 17 years after logging.  Data analysis of stands were divided into two major groups, i.e., Dipterocarps and non Dipterocarps. The mortality rates on logged forest were 2.5-29.3% ha-1 2yr-1 then very closed to primary forest after the 5th year after logging.  While the ingrowth rate in logged forest were 1.3 – 21.3% ha-1 2yr-1 that have higher value than the primary forest along 17 years.  The mortality and ingrowth rates fluctuation of Dipterocarps species group having different pattern with non Dipterocarps.   Keywords: Dipterocarps, logged-over forest, mortality, ingrowth
POPULATION STRUCTURE OF TOPSHELLS (TROCHUS NILOTICUS) IN SAPARUA ISLAND, CENTRAL MOLUCCAS-INDONESIA Handy Erwin Pier Leimena; Tati S. Subahar; Adianto
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (836.546 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.18

Abstract

Lola snail (Trochus niloticus) is one of the largest sea snails that live in coral reefsat Indo Pacific region and Indonesia including Saparua Island, the province of Moluccas. In a few recent years, the exploitation of lola snails has been increasing, so that the population of lola snails in nature decreases.. The yield of lola snail in Saparua Island and in the archipelagos of Banda from 1979 until 1992 showed a decrease from around 4 tons of dry shells to only around 0.25 tons. Furthermore, this research was aimed to estimate the size structure, age structure, and the sex ratio of lola snails population in Saparua Island, the regency of Central Moluccas. The sampling of lola snails used transects strip method.  Each transect was 100 m long and 2 m wide, which were divided into 10 segments of 10 m x 2 m. Transect was laid perpendicular to the coast line started from the lowest fall of the tides to the coast. The Bhattacharya method was applied for data analysis. The frequency distribution of shell diameter revealed that lola snails in Saparua Island consisted of nine size classes and two different age classes, which indicated that the population of lola snails in Saparua Island had two periods of spawning. Finally, from this research it could be concluded that the sex ratio of lola snail was 1:1. 
POTENCY OF VIBRIO ISOLATES FOR BIOCONTROL OF VIBRIOSIS IN TIGER SHRIMP (PENAEUS MONODON) LARVAE WIDANARNI WIDANARNI; A. SUWANTO; SUKENDA SUKENDA; B. W. LAY
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 20 (2003)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (474.682 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2003.0.20.180

Abstract

This study was carried out to obtain Vibrio isolates able to function as biocontrol of vibriosis in shrimp hatchery. Thirty one Vibrio isolates were isolated from tiger shrimp larvae and hatchery environments, i.e. Labuan, Pangandaran, and Lampung, Indonesia. Pathogenic  V. harveyi MR5339 was obtained from Maros, South-Sulawesi and was made as a rifampicin resistant mutant (RFR) to screen for those 31 Vibrio isolates in in vitro assays and to allow us to monitor their presence in shrimp larvae and larval rearing water. Almost all Vibrio  isolates could inhibit the growth of pathogenic V. harveyi MR5339 RFR. SKT-b isolate from Skeletonema was the most effective to inhibit the growth of V. harveyi MR5339 Rf* and significantly reduced larval mortality in pathogen challenge assays. These prospective biocontrol bacteria, at concentration of 10" CFU/ml, did not show pathogenicity to shrimp larvae. SKT-b was Gram negative, short rod-shape, exhibited yellow colonies on TCBS and swarming on SWC-agar media, motile, utilized glucose and sucrose but not lactose: produced extra-cellular protease and amylase, but did not produce chitmase. Partial sequencing of 16S-rRNA gene SKT-b showed SKT-b similarity to Vibrio alginofyticus. Keywords: shrimp larvae / biocontrol bacteria / vibriosis.
MODELING OF TREE GROWTH AFTER FOREST FIRE IN MOUNT CIREMAI NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA Andes Hamuraby Rozak; Tedi Setiadi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3131.161 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.317

Abstract

Forest fire is a massive threat towards tropical forest causing various negative impacts to nature and human being.  Forest fire often leads to alteration of forest structure and its functions.  This study of tree growth after forest fire was conducted using a model simulation.  The model was performed at the individual level of plant community and built to analyze the potential of tree growth and its scenario for post-fire recovery.  Five important tree species from montane forest of Mount Ciremai were chosen to build the model based on four main parameters i.e. plant growth rate, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree-to-grass competition and tree-to-tree competition.  The scenario of post-fire recovery was performed by replanting similar species with 5 cm DBH seedling.  Prediction from our model showed that most of the chosen species would recover to its pre-fire condition after 37 - 50 years.  Considering the limitation of competition after re-planting, it was suggested to minimize tree to tree competition and applied silvicultural treatments to maximize tree growth and tree community recovery.
SULFATE AMMONIUM FERTILIZER ON THE OFF-SEASON PRODUCTION OF SNAKE FRUIT (Salacca sumatrana Becc.) Rasmita - Adelina; irfan Suliansyah; Auzar Syarif; Warnita - -
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol.28 No.2, Agustus 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (269.985 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.1280

Abstract

Sidimpuan snake fruit is one of the local specialties of Padangsidimpuan City in Sumatra. The fruit is known for its sweet, sour and astringent taste which differentiates it from Pondoh and Balinese snake fruit. However, snake fruit farmers have been experiencing an increasing failure rate of fruit-set during the off-season which has led to a decrease in production.   Use fertilization and drip irrigation in the off-season has been suggested as a solution. This research investigates the use of these to overcome the failure of fruit set to optimize production of Sidimpuan snake fruit throughout the year by determining the optimal dosage of ammonium sulfate fertilizer and drip irrigation for fruit set and production in the off-season. This research used a split-plot design with the main plot for drip irrigation and the subplot for ammonium sulfate. Observation parameters include the number of flower and fruit bunches, fruit set percentage and a nutrient analysis of the leaves. The results revealed that drip irrigation had a significant effect on the observed variables of fruit set and number of harvested fruit bunches.  Drip irrigation had a significant effect on the fruit set percentage and the number of harvested fruit bunches. The best combination of treatments was also discovered to be 400 g ammonium sulfate fertilizer per plant and drip irrigation 3000 ml/plant. The fertilization period of July-Sept gave an off season harvest that was able to match the fruit set percentage (10.76% difference) and number of fruit bunches that were formed (25.65% difference ) by the April-June fertilization for the on-season harvest demonstrating that drip irrigation and ammonium sulfate can overcome fruit set failure in Sidimpuan snake fruit during the off-season.
POLLINATION EFFECTIVENESS OF APIS CERANA FABRICUS AND APIS MELLIFERA LINNAEUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN JATROPHA CURCAS L. (EUPHORBIACEAE) TRI ATMOWIDI; PUJI RIYANTI; ANDENG SUTRISNA
BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 2 (2008)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (88.593 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.2.72

Abstract

Pollinators are well known to provide key ecosystem. Animal pollinators are thought to contribute between 15 and 30% of global food production and bees are recognized to be the most important taxon. The pollination effectiveness of two species of bees, Apis cerana and A. mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) was studied.  Three cages, made of insect screen were set up.  Each cage contains three individual plants. One colony of A. mellifera and A. cerana were placed in the first and second cage, while the third cage was used for control plants. Bee colonies were placed during one month in the first and second cages.   Fruit set of plants pollinated by A. mellifera, A. cerana, control plants, and open plants were counted and compared.  Pollination by honeybees increased the number of fruits per plant and fruits per raceme of J. curcas. Based on measuring of fruit produced by plants, pollination effectiveness of A. mellifera was higher than A. carana.   Key words: Pollination, effectiveness, Apis cerana, A. mellifera, seed set, Jatropha curcas.
LOCALIZATION OF GFDD4-1 EXPRESSED PROTEIN IN Physcomitrella patens CELLS DIAH RATNADEWI
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.934 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2006.13.1.214

Abstract

The expression of a new dehydration-related gene of Physcomitrella patens, GFDD4-I, was traced for its localization in the plant cells. This revelation is useful to predict the possible roles of the protein in plant tolerance to environmental stress. This gene was fused to  gfp  marker gene and transfected into the plant protoplasts. Under a confocal laser microscope, it was detected that the GFDD4-1 protein associated with the OFF started to generate at the cell periphery and developed more intensively inwards to cytoplasm, forming vesicles and cystemal structures or network. The protein might be membrane protein which may involve directly in membrane maintenance or cellular protection against stress conditions. Key words : Protoplast transformation, protein localization, dehydration-related gene, GFP, Physcomitrella patens

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