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AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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INDEX AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 15 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2022 Index index
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 15, No 2 (2022): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v15i2.28888

Abstract

Perbedaan Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Araknida Antar Zonasi Gua di Kawasan Karst Tasikmalaya Isma Dwi Kurniawan; Ida Kinasih; Tri Cahyanto; Hilda Ayu Emalia; Nida Hidayaturrohmah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 15, No 2 (2022): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v15i2.18816

Abstract

AbstrakAraknida merupakan kelompok fauna yang umum dijumpai di gua dan berperan penting menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem gua. Kelompok fauna ini dapat ditemukan di seluruh zona gua baik terang, remang, maupun gelap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan araknida berdasarkan zonasi gua. Pengambilan data dilakukan di 3 gua yang terletak di kawasan Karst Tasikmalaya, yaitu Gua Sarongge, Liang Boeh, dan Liang Seungit. Pencuplikan araknida dilakukan dengan teknik hand collecting, sedangkan penghitungan individu dengan direct counting. Selain itu, dilakukan pengukuran parameter abiotik yang terdiri dari suhu udara, suhu tanah, kelembapan udara, kelembapan tanah, dan intensitas cahaya. Data dianalisis dengan uji indeks similaritas Jaccard, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, dan Canonical correlation analysis. Terdapat 311 individu araknida tergolong dalam 3 ordo dan 7 morfospesies yang berhasil dikoleksi. Mayoritas araknida tergolong kategori adaptasi troglofil. Terdapat kemiripan komposisi spesies yang tinggi antara zona remang dan gelap (indeks similaritas 0,833) dibandingkan kemiripan keduanya dengan zona terang (0,571 dan 0,429). Kelimpahan individu araknida antar zona tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Mayoritas spesies memiliki preferensi habitat dengan kondisi intensitas cahaya rendah dan kelembapan tinggi.AbstractArachnid is one of the cave-adapted fauna with diverse cave representatives and plays a vital role in maintaining ecosystem balance. This group is widely distributed in all cave zonation, namely entrance, twilight, and dark zones. This study aimed to reveal the difference in diversity and abundance of arachnids in different caves zonation. The study was carried out in three caves situated in Tasikmalaya karst region, namely Sarongge, Liang Boeh, and Seungit. Arachnids were sampled through hand collecting, while abundance was estimated through direct counting. Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity were also measured. Data were analysed through Jaccard’s similarity index, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, and CCA. In total, 311 individuals belonged to 3 orders and 7 morphospecies were identified. Most observed morphospecies were categorized as troglophiles. There was a great degree of similarity in species composition between twilight and dark zones (similarity 0.833) compared to entrance zone (0.571 and 0.429, respectively). Meanwhile, abundance was relatively similar. Most species prefer habitats with low light intensity but high humidity. 
Biodiversitas dan Kekerabatan Fenetik Spesies Anggrek Alam di Kawasan Ekowisata Ayunan Langit, Kulonprogo Evilili Usmanti; Febri Yuda Kurniawan; Maura Indria Meidianing; Amru Rizal Basri; Endang Semiarti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 15, No 2 (2022): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v15i2.19801

Abstract

AbstrakEkowisata Ayunan Langit memiliki kondisi geografis yang mendukung bagi pertumbuhan anggrek, sehingga daerah tersebut memiliki diversitas anggrek alam yang tinggi sebagai salah satu daya tarik wisata. Beberapa spesies anggrek dapat memiliki kemiripan secara morfologi meskipun tidak berkerabat dekat. Dalam rangka pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Terpadu Ayunan Langit diperlukan data keragaman spesies-spesies anggrek di kawasan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan inventarisasi, identifikasi, dan melihat hubungan kekerabatan antar spesies anggrek alam di Kawasan Ayunan Langit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah koleksi spesimen, identifikasi, dan karakterisasi morfologi organ vegetatif spesimen, serta analisis hubungan kekerabatan. Analisis kekerabatan menggunakan software Ms Excel dan MVSP. Terdapat 14 spesies anggrek alam yang ditemukan di Kawasan Ayunan Langit. Anggrek alam di kawasan tersebut didominasi dari anggota Subfamili Epidendroideae dan anggrek epifit. Semua spesies masuk dalam kategori Appendix II CITES. Berdasarkan analisis kekerabatan fenetik, dendogram terbagi dalam dua kluster berdasarkan karakter morfologi organ vegetatifnya. Spesies anggrek yang berasal dari genus yang sama belum tentu dapat mengelompok pada klaster yang sama, misalnya pada Dendrobium. Karakter morfologi organ vegetatif belum dapat digunakan untuk melihat hubungan kekerabatan fenetik secara akurat pada anggrek. Karakter organ generatif berperan penting dalam memberikan hasil visualisasi kekerabatan antar spesies anggrek yang lebih akurat.AbstractAyunan Langit ecotourism has favorable geographical conditions for orchid growth, hence the area has a high diversity of wild orchids as a tourist attraction. Several orchid species can be morphologically similar even though they are not closely related. For Ayunan Langit integrated tourism area development, orchid diversity data are required. This study aimed to conduct an inventory, identification, and relationship analysis between wild orchid species in Ayunan Langit ecotourism. Specimen collection, identification, and morphological characterization were conducted on specimen's vegetative organs. Relationship analysis was conducted with Ms Excel and MVSP. There are 14 wild orchid species found in the Ayunan Langit, dominated by Epidendroideae members and epiphytic orchids. All species are included in the CITES Appendix II category. Based on the phenetic relationship analysis, the dendrogram was divided into two clusters based on the morphological characters of the vegetative organs. Orchid species belongs to the same genus may not necessarily be grouped in the same cluster, for example in Dendrobium. Morphological characters of vegetative organs cannot be used to visualize the phenetic relationship accurately in orchids. Generative organ characters play an important role in providing a more accurate visualization of the relationship between orchid species. 
Adaptabilitas dan Stabilitas Hasil Empat Belas Genotip Padi Gogo Pada Tujuh Lokasi Menggunakan AMMI Eko Binnaryo Mei Adi; Heru Wibowo; Sri Indrayani; Yuli Sulistiyowati; Yuliana Galih Dyan Anggraheni; Ambar Yuswi Perdani; Fiqolbi Nuro; Yashanti Berlinda Paradisa; Puspita Deswina; Enung Sri Mulyaningsih; Dody Priadi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.22953

Abstract

 AbstrakPengujian stabilitas genotip merupakan hal yang penting dalam perakitan varietas padi gogo. Metode pengujian yang sering dilakukan menggunakan analisis ANOVA gabungan yang harus memenuhi normalitas data dan homogenitas ragam. Terkadang data yang diperoleh tidak dapat memenuhi asumsi, sehingga diperlukan analisis alternatif menggunakan metode kualitatif, yaitu Additive Main Effect and Main Interaction (AMMI). Penelitian menggunakan empat belas genotip padi gogo pada tujuh lokasi, dengan rancangan percobaan rancangan acak kelompok. Hasil analisis AMMI1 menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan tujuh genotip dengan nilai rerata produksi di atas rata-rata umum yaitu G29, G31, G33, G34, G35, G37, dan G42 (Inpago 9). Inpago 9 sebagai genotip dengan rata-rata produksi tertinggi di seluruh lokasi. Hasil analisis AMMI2 didapatkan genotip dengan kemampuan adaptasi spesifik lokasi dan beradaptasi pada seluruh lokasi. Dua genotip beradaptasi baik di lokasi Probolinggo yaitu G39 dan G40, sedangkan G29 dan G41 di lokasi Sukadana. Sementara genotip stabil didapatkan tiga genotip yaitu G31, G34, dan G36, namun genotip G36 termasuk genotip dengan produktivitas dibawah rerata genotip pada seluruh lokasi.AbstractGenotype stability is an important factor for varieties development in upland rice. The method for testing stability trial using combine ANOVA with several requirements such as the normality and homogeneity of variance of the data. Sometime to satisfy the assumptions from the acquiring data was not match, so that needed the alternate analysis using qualitative method for stability genotype testing. One of the method is Additive Main Effect and Main Interaction (AMMI). The research was used fourteen upland genotype and seven locations. The result for AMMI1 showed that seven genotype which is have average above the general average are G29, G31, G33, G34, G35, G37, and G42 (Inpago 9). The highest production is achieving by Inpago 9 varieties. While in AMMI2 have two different result. The first result is genotype with specific adaptation and genotype with has general adaptability. Genotype with specific adaptation are G39 and G40 in Probolinggo while G29 and G41 in Sukadana. The second result was genotype with general adaptability or have a good stability are G31, G34, and G36, but for genotype G36 has a poor productivity because the average is below the general average. The result from stability analysis in AMMI2 biplot showed the stability of G31 and G34 has a good stability and higher yield above the average of genotype in all location.
Deteksi dan Kuantifikasi Cemaran Babi pada Sampel Olahan Daging Menggunakan Real-time PCR Seagames Waluyo; Jekmal Malau; Muhareva Raekiansyah; Edwin Yulian; Imam Hardiman
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.20203

Abstract

 AbstrakMetode pengujian cemaran babi menjadi faktor penting dalam sertifikasi produk halal. Metode yang cepat dan robust diperlukan untuk deteksi dan kuantifikasi cemaran babi. Metode Real-time PCR atau dikenal dengan istilah quantitative PCR (qPCR) merupakan metode alternatif untuk deteksi dan kuantifikasi cemaran babi berdasarkan residu keberadaan DNAnya pada sampel olahan pangan. Metode ekstraksi DNA dan kit amplifikasi yang tahan terhadap inhibitor menjadi kunci keberhasilan penggunaan qPCR untuk pendeteksian dan kuantifikasi cemaran babi. Pendeteksian cemaran DNA dengan probe qPCR digunakan karena mempunyai kelebihan tahan terhadap inhibitor, cepat, spesifik, dan multipel target. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan menguantifikasi cemaran DNA babi menggunakan metode ekstraksi DNA secara cepat dan qPCR. Tahapan penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi, deteksi, dan kuantifikasi DNA babi. Sampel berasal dari produk olahan pangan, seperti bakso, sosis, daging burger, siomay, kuah daging, dan daging isi roti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat cemaran babi pada sampel bakso, daging burger, dan kuah bakso. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bakso memiliki persentase kontaminasi sejumlah 25%, sedangkan kuah daging sejumlah 12,5%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat direkomendasikan untuk laboratorium penguji makanan sebagai metode deteksi cemaran babi dalam produk pangan secara cepat dan akurat.AbstractPork contamination testing method is an important factor in halal product certification. A fast and robust method is needed for the detection and quantification of pig contamination. Real-time PCR method or commonly known as quantitative PCR (qPCR) is an alternative method for the detection and quantification of pork contamination based on the pig’s DNA residual presence in processed food samples. DNA extraction method and inhibitor-resistant amplification kit are the keys of successful qPCR implementation for the detection and quantification of pig contamination. Detection of DNA contamination with qPCR probe is used because it has some advantages, such as resistant to inhibitors, fast, specific, and multiple targets. This research aimed to detect and quantify pig’s DNA contamination using rapid DNA extraction method and qPCR. The stages of this research were pig’s DNA extraction, amplification, detection, and quantification. The samples taken from processed food products, such as meatballs, sausage, burgers’ meat, dumplings, meat broth, and meat filled in the bread. The results showed that there was pork contamination in the samples of meatballs, burgers’ meat, and meat broth. The results showed that the meatballs had a contamination percentage of 25%, while the meat broth had a contamination percentage of 12.5%. The results of this study can be a recommendation for food testing laboratories as a method of detecting the pork contamination in food products quickly and accurately.
Optimasi Proses Biodegumming Serat Rami (Boehmeria nivea) Menggunakan Bakteri Pektinolitik Muhammad Abdul Aziz; Fauziatul Fitriyah; Priyono Priyono; Siswanto Siswanto
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.20386

Abstract

AbstrakProses degumming serat rami umumnya dilakukan menggunakan senyawa alkali dalam jumlah besar, sehingga dihasilkan limbah berlebih dan berakibat pada pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh sebab itu, metode alternatif dengan memanfaatkan agensia hayati untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut penting untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan seleksi kandidat bacterial degumming dari kulit batang rami serta optimasi metode biodegumming menggunakan isolat bakteri pektinolitik. Bakteri pektinolitik diisolasi dari kulit batang  rami yang terkomposkan menggunakan media seleksi pektinase (PSAM). Isolat bakteri yang diperoleh kemudian digunakan sebagai agensia biodegumming menggunakan beberapa parameter optimasi meliputi pH (8,5 dan 9), suhu (25 °C dan 37,5 °C), jenis isolat (Pe-Ku 1, Pe-Ku 4, dan Pe-Ku 6) dan jumlah inokulum (1/50 mL, 2/50 mL, dan 3/50 mL). Setelah inkubasi selama 3 hari, serat rami dicuci kemudian ditimbang bobot kering untuk mengetahui penurunan bobotnya. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan two-way ANOVA dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa telah diperoleh 9 isolat bakteri pektinolitik sebagai agensia bacterial degumming. Berdasarkan optimasi metode biodegumming telah diperoleh kondisi optimum yaitu pada pH 8,5; suhu 37,5 °C; serta jumlah inokulum 3/50 mL dengan mengggunakan isolat Pe-Ku 6. Hal tersebut ditandai dengan penurunan bobot rami yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kombinasi perlakuan lain, yaitu sebesar 12,7%. Kata kunci: Bakteri degumming; Bakteri pektinolitik; Kulit batang rami; Serat rami AbstractThe degumming process of ramie fiber is generally carried out by using large amounts of alkaline compounds, causing excessive waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is essential to develop alternative methods by utilizing biological agents to overcome these problems. This study aimed to select candidates for bacterial degumming from ramie bark and to optimize the biodegumming method using pectinolytic bacterial isolates. Pectinolytic bacteria were isolated from composted ramie bark using pectinase screening agar medium (PSAM). The bacterial isolates were then used as biodegumming agents using several optimization parameters, including pH (8.5 and 9.0), temperature (25 °C and 37.5 °C), type of isolate (Pe-Ku 1; Pe-Ku 4; and Pe- Ku 6) and the amount of inoculum (1/50 mL, 2/50 mL, and 3/50 mL). After incubation for three days, the ramie fiber was washed, and then measured the dry weight to determine the weight reduction. The statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Duncan as the post hoc test. The results showed that nine isolates of pectinolytic bacteria were obtained as bacterial degumming agents. In addition, based on the optimization of the biodegumming method, the optimum conditions were obtained at pH 8.5, temperature 37.5 °C, and the amount of inoculum 3/50 mL using the Pe-Ku 6 isolate. That was indicated by the percentage of ramie weight loss, which was significantly higher than the other combination treatments, 12,7%.
Analisis Empat Sekuen Barkode DNA Pada Pandan (Benstonea sp.) Asal Danau Kajuik, Riau Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Intan Sari Nuraini; Siti Nurhayati; Ciska Vivian Sianturi; At-Thahirah At-Thahirah; Herman Herman
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.21697

Abstract

Barkode DNA merupakan sekuen DNA berukuran pendek yang digunakan untuk identifikasi organisme secara molekuler. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis empat barkode DNA pada tumbuhan pandan (Benstonea sp.) asal Danau Kajuik, Riau. Metode meliputi isolasi DNA, PCR, elektroforesis, purifikasi, sekuesing, serta analisis bioinformatika. Pada penelitian ini telah diperoleh sekuen DNA untuk atpB-rbcL IGS, trnV-ndhC IGS, ndhF-rpl32 IGS, dan trnQ-5’rps16 IGS sepanjang 812 pb, 924 pb, 952 pb, dan 886 pb, secara berturut-turut. Aksesi yang muncul paling atas pada analisis BLASTn pada keempat sekuen tersebut tidak ada yang memiliki kemiripan 100% dengan Benstonea sp. asal Danau Kajuik, Riau. Walaupun nilai query cover tinggi (93–100%) dan E-value sebesar 0,00. Pada keempat barkode DNA yang diteliti, terdapat beberapa perbedaan nukleotida yang disebabkan oleh mutasi insersi-delesi (indel) (6,99%) maupun subtitusi (4,96%). Mutasi indel paling banyak dijumpai pada sekuen trnV-ndhC IGS dan mutasi subtitusi paling banyak terjadi pada sekuen ndhF-rpl32 IGS. Nukleotida kritis yang menjadi penciri bagi Benstonea sp. asal Danau Kajuik, Riau, dijumpai pada sekuen ndhF-rpl32 IGS dan trnQ-5’rps16 IGS.  Simpulan, dua sekuen DNA yaitu ndhF-rpl32 IGS dan trnQ-5’rps16 IGS berpotensi menjadi barkode DNA untuk identifikasi tumbuhan ini secara molekuler. Ketersediaan barkode DNA pada database publik sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang identifikasi organisme secara molekuler.AbstractDNA barcode is a piece of short DNA that is developed for molecular identification of organisms. This study aims to analyze four DNA barcodes in pandan plant (Benstonea sp.) from Kajuik Lake, Riau. Methods included DNA extraction, PCR, electrophoresis, purification, sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. The DNA sequences of atpB-rbcL IGS, trnV-ndhC IGS, ndhF-rpl32 IGS, and trnQ-5’rps16 IGS have been obtained with the length of 812 pb, 924 pb, 952 pb, and 886 pb, respectively. The top accession in BLASTn analysis results showed that there was no accession that had 100% similarity to Benstonea sp. from Kajuik Lake, Riau even though the query cover high (93–100%) and E-value of 0,00. There were some nucleotide variations caused by insertion-deletion (indel) mutation (6,99%) and subtitution (4,96%). Indel was most occur in trnV-ndhC IGS and subtitution in ndhF-rpl32 IGS. Critical nucleotides that were be a characteristic for Benstonea sp. from Kajuik Lake, Riau were seen in ndhF-rpl32 IGS and trnQ-5’rps16 IGS. Conclusion,  both of ndhF-rpl32 IGS and trnQ-5’rps16 IGS are potentially as DNA barcodes for molecular identification of this plant. The avaibility of the DNA barcodes is very important to support of organisms molecular identifications.
Keanekaragaman dan Tipologi Mangrove di Area Konservasi Pulau Pahawang Provinsi Lampung Rizka Nabilah; Fajar Islam Sitanggang
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.18530

Abstract

 AbstrakPulau Pahawang Provinsi Lampung memiliki area inti mangrove sekitar 30 ha, dengan pembagian area yang berfungsi sebagai area pemanfaatan dan area konservasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tipologi vegetasi mangrove di area konservasi Pulau Pahawang Provinsi Lampung. Hal tersebut perlu diketahui untuk menggali potensi dan pengelolaan area konservasi yang benar sesuai dengan kondisi alami vegetasi mangrove. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei jalur rute 50 m berdasarkan sampel random. Setelah menentukan plot, maka didapatkan data keanekaragaman hayati berupa data nama spesies dan familia. Selanjutnya, dikoleksi data tentang diameter batang, tinggi pohon, jumlah individu, kondisi vegetasi, dan data ligkungan. Data yang didapatkan berupa data keanekaragaman, dominansi relatif, dan data ukuran vegetasi. Area konservasi di Pulau Pahawang memiliki beberapa jenis mangrove, di antaranya Rizophora apiculata, Rizophora mucronata, Rizophora stylosa, Soneratia alba, dan Heritiera littoralis. Data menunjukkan bahwa R. stylosa mendominasi area dengan 18% penutupan serta indeks nilai penting 94,45% pada plot 10 x 10 m.AbstractPahawang Island has a mangrove area about 30 ha, with the devided functions as a utilization area and conservation area. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of mangrove vegetation in the Pahawang Island conservation area. This research for mapping potential and proper management of the conservation area in accordance with the natural conditions of the mangrove vegetation. The research method used is the survey method of the 50 m route based on a random sample. After determining the plot, biodiversity data were obtained in the form of stem diameter, tree height, number of individuals, vegetation conditions, and environmental data. The data obtained are in the form of data on diversity, density, and importance. The conservation area on Pahawang Island has several types of mangroves, including Rizophora apiculata, Rizophora mucronata, Rizophora stylosa, Soneratia alba, and Heritiera littoralis. The data showed that R. stylosa dominated the area with 18% cover and an important value index of 94.45% on a 10 x 10 meter plot.
Population Dynamics of Damselfly Agriocnemis femina (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) Inhabited Polluted Area In Padang, West Sumatra Muhammad Nazri Janra; Henny Herwina
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.19995

Abstract

 AbstractAgriocnemis femina known as variable wisp or pinhead wisp, is a damselfly from family Coenagrionidae which inhabits various aquatic habitats, including those affected by human. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of variable wisp in polluted habitat. The tenerals, immature males, adult females and adult males of this damselfly were regularly counted from August 2018 until May 2019 at a 50 m ditch in a clustered settlement in Padang, West Sumatra. It was found that the ratio of teneral, immature male, adult female, and adult male was 1:3:2.4:13.3, implying that the population was dominated by males. Meanwhile, the ratio between female to male (which included the immature males) was 1:6.7. Comparing to the result of counting another population from a relatively clean area, variable wisp showed more dominance in polluted area rather than in clean waterbody. The presence of teneral also indicates that damselfly uses polluted ditch for its breeding site and habitat. The paper discussed the potential causes for damselfly's presence in polluted area, and therefore serves as baseline for future studies.AbstrakAgriocnemis femina, atau dikenal juga dengan nama capung-jarum centil, termasuk ke dalam keluarga Coenagrionidae yang menghuni beragam habitat perairan, termasuk yang telah mendapatkan pengaruh dari manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika capung-jarum centil pada habitat yang terpolusi di Kota Padang. Individu teneral, jantan muda, betina dewasa, dan jantan dewasa dari capung-jarum ini dihitung secara rutin dari Agustus 2018 sampai dengan Mei 2019 pada selokan sepanjang 50 m di sebuah kompleks perumahan di Kota Padang, Sumatra Barat. Rasio teneral jantan muda, betina dewasa, dan jantan dewasa yang ditemukan adalah 1:3:2,4:13,3, mengisyarakatkan bahwa individu jantan merupakan bagian yang dominan di dalam populasi capung-jarum ini. Sementara rasio antara betina dan jantan (termasuk jantan muda) adalah 1:6,7. Jika dibandingkan dengan hasil penghitungan jenis serupa yang dilakukan pada kawasan perairan yang lebih bersih, terlihat bahwa capung-jarum centil lebih dominan pada kawasan perairan yang mengalami polusi dibandingkan dengan yang bersih. Keberadaan individu teneral juga mengindikasikan bahwa capung-jarum ini berbiak pada selokan yang terpolusi tersebut, yang mungkin juga menjadi habitatnyat. Hal-hal yang menyebabkan capung-jarum ini dapat hidup pada kawasan yang terpolusi dibahas lebih lanjut di dalam paper ini.
Performa Anakan Ayam Supel (Super Pelung) Hasil Persilangan Indukan Ayam Betina Jawa Super dan Ayam Jantan Pelung [Gallus gallus gallus, (Linnaeus 1758)] Ardaning Nuriliani; Adi Susanto; Flafiani Cios Conara; Bima Mahendra; Lailly Tsania Nur Hidayah; Sadiman Sadiman; Yuny Erwanto; Hendry Saragih
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.23924

Abstract

AbstrakPeningkatan permintaan daging ayam Broiler di pasaran menurunkan minat peternak terhadap ayam lokal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya peningkatan populasi ayam lokal yang berpotensi sebagai ayam pedaging. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah menyilangkan ayam betina Jawa super dengan ayam jantan Pelung yang diketahui memiliki pertumbuhan lebih cepat dibandingkan ayam lokal. Hasil persilangan tersebut diharapkan memiliki pertumbuhan cepat dan berpotensi sebagai ayam pedaging dengan karakter lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pertumbuhan, morfometri tubuh, dan fenotipe ayam Super pelung (SUPEL) hasil persilangan ayam betina Jawa super dengan ayam jantan Pelung. Parameter yang diukur adalah berat badan, morfometri tubuh, dan fenotipe ayam Supel. Selain itu dilakukan pengukuran berat, warna, morfometri, dan analisis proksimat telur ayam Jawa super. Hasil menunjukkan rerata berat badan ayam Supel saat Day Old Chicken (DOC) sebesar 33,57 ± 2,44 g dan mencapai 1.164,00 ± 98,20 g pada umur 3 bulan. Fenotipe anak ayam Supel menunjukkan ciri-ciri kombinasi dari kedua indukan. Sementara itu hasil pengukuran berat telur ayam Jawa super diperoleh rerata sebesar 43,15 ± 3,57 g. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa ayam Supel hasil persilangan memiliki pertumbuhan yang cepat dan memiliki karakter fenotipe seperti ayam lokal.AbstractThe increasing demands of Broiler chicken meat in the market lower farmers' interest in the local chicken breed. Therefore, effort is needed to improve the local chicken population for its potential as Broilers. One of the solutions is to crossbreed between Jawa super hens and Pelung roosters with faster growth than other local chickens. The crossbreed chicken (Supel chicken) is expected to have faster growth and the potential as Broilers with local characteristics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate growth, body morphometry, and the phenotype of Super pelung (SUPEL) chicken. Parameters measured were body weight, body morphometry, and phenotype of Supel chicken. The measurements of weight, color, morphometry, and proximate analysis were also conducted on Jawa super egg. The results showed that the weight of Supel chicken during Day Old Chicken (DOC) was 33.57 ± 2.44 g and reached 1,164.00 ± 98.20 g in 3 months. The phenotype of Supel chicken showed combination characteristics of the two broods. Meanwhile, the weight of the Jawa super chicken egg average of 43.15 ± 3.57 g. It can be concluded that Supel chicken has a faster growth rate and phenotypic characters resembling Indonesia's local chickens.

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