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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

161 162 163 164 165

Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor - α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 1-β (IL1-β) in Chronic Tubotympanic Suppurative Otitis Media Anton Budhi Darmawan; Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo; Ratna Dwi Restuti; Agus Surono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 1 (2018): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a common public health problem worldwide and a major cause of hearing impairment. It is also one of the neglected disease especially in developing countries. Cytokines are a group of glycoproteins that play a role in strengthening the immune and inflammatory reactions in various diseases, including inflammation of the middle ear. Some of the important inflammatory mediators found in middle ear fluids are Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Cytokines are thought to play a role in the ongoing inflammatory regulation. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in tubotympanic CSOM and in healthy control group. The mean of TNF-α serum level in tubotympanic CSOM was 0,553±1,59 pg/ ml, and 0,587±2,13 pg/ ml in control group. There was no statistically different of TNF-α between two groups (P > 0,05). Mean of IL-1β serum level in the tubotympanic CSOM and control group were 0,633±0,92 and 0,302±0,48, respectively. Although IL-1β levels were higher in the patient group, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0,05).

Clinical Characteristics of Adult Uncorrected Secundum Atrial Septal Defect, A Pilot Study Lucia Krisdinarti; Anggoro Budi Hartopo; Dyah Wulan Anggrahini; Ahmad Hamim Sadewa; Abdus Samik Wahab; Budi Yuli Setianto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTAtrial septal defect (ASD) is the most frequent congenital heart disease in adulthood. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) complicating ASD compels patients seeking medical assistance because of its disabling symptom. Most adult ASD develop PH which render significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to characterize the clinical profiles of adult patients with ASD. The study design was cross sectional. The subjects were enrolled consecutively from outpatient clinics and inpatient wards. The demography, medical and imaging data were collected and recorded in case report form. Descriptive statistics was applied to characterize the subjects. Seventy-six subjects were enrolled. The majority were women (77.6 %) in the productive and child-bearing ages (63.2%). The most common symptoms were dyspneu on effort, fatigue, and palpitation. Most subjects had functional capacity of WHO class functional II (70.2 %). The mean oxygen saturation was 96.4 %. Based on the echocardiography examination, 77.6% of subjects had suffered from PH. The mean longest diameter of defects were 2.7 cm. The direction of blood flow was mostly left to right (77.6 %). Left and right ventricle function were within normal limit. Right heart catheterization showed mean left atrial pressure 11.5 mmHg, which confirmed the precapillary or arterial PH. Mean pulmonary artery pressure was 42.0 mmHg. The pulmonary artery resistance index mostly less than 4 Wood Unit/ m2 (63.7 %), indicating the feasibility to close the defect. Whereas 24.6 % of subjects were contraindicated for closing. Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) was diagnosed in 77.6 % subjects, meanwhile 13.2 % had borderline PAH. In conclusion, most adult ASD patients had developed PAH, mostly young women in productive ages, mainly visited hospital due to symptom of PH, the direction of flow predominantly left to right side and mostly had reduced functional capacity.

Expression of Circulating microRNA-141 and mRNA of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog) in Blood Plasma of Ovarian Tumor and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patient AS. Fitriawan; SN Chasanah; FK Pakun; AI Kartika; R. Oktriani; A. Trirahmanto; H. Prajatmo; A. Ghozali; T. Aryandono; SM. Harjana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancies among woman. The majority of this disease is diagnosed at the advanced stage due to lack of specific symptoms and effective screening methods. Therefore, an adequate biomarker for early detection is needed and may improve patient survival. microRNA is a small non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression in post-transcriptional level. Several studies have shown the ability to detect microRNA in blood circulation so microRNA may be used as a minimally invasive biomarker for EOC. microRNA-141 (miR-141) plays a major role in EOC by regulating expression of several tumor suppressor gene. Previous study have confirmed that miR-141 regulated PTEN gene directly by interacting with 3’UTR sequence of PTEN mRNA, and upregulation of miR-141 caused downregulation of PTEN expression in vivo. PTEN is important tumor suppressor gene that its inactivation found in various human cancer. PTEN is protein with lipid phosphatase activity that negatively regulate PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thus playing a important role in various cellular process such as proliferation, growth, cell survival, EMT, cell motility, and angiogenesis. When various studies found that PTEN mRNA and protein expression is significantly downregulated in EOC tissue, little is known about the expression of PTEN mRNA in blood circulation of EOC patient, especially in Yogyakarta population.The aims of this study is to measure and to investigate the correlation of miR-141 and mRNA PTEN expression in plasma of ovarian tumor patient and EOC patient.This study used cross-sectional design. 25 blood plasma of ovarian tumor and 25 blood plasma of EOC were collected. Total RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed to obtain cDNA. The expression of miR-141 and mRNA PTEN were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR). The 2^(-∆∆cq) method was used to calculate relative quantification of miR-141 and mRNA PTEN using miR-16 as reference gene for microRNA and beta-actin mRNA as reference genes for PTEN mRNA. Expression of miR-141 is significantly elevated in blood plasma of epithelial ovarian cancer patient compared to the ovarian tumor (p=0,001, fold change=7,59). Expression of PTEN mRNA significantly downregulated in blood plasma of epithelial ovarian cancer patient compared to the ovarian tumor (p=0,001, fold change=11,63). There was a significant negative correlation between miR-141 expression and mRNA PTEN expression in blood plasma of epithelial ovarian cancer patient (p=0,033; r=-0,428).miR-141 and mRNA PTEN differentially expressed in blood plasma of ovarian tumor and epithelial ovarian cancer patient. There was a negative correlation between miR-141 and mRNA PTEN expression in blood plasma of epithelial ovarian cancer patient. Keywords: Epithelial ovarian cancer, circulating microRNA, miR-141, PTEN mRNA

Chronic constipation as a risk factor of urinary tract infection in children Irna Fajri Syahny; Mohammad Juffrie; Pungky Ardany Kusuma
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is still quite high. In Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital, Yogyakarta the incidence of UTI is reported about 3.5%. One of the riskfactors of the incidence of UTI is chronic constipation. However, it is often not a concern in themanagement of UTI pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence ofchronic constipation in increasing the risk of UTI in children. This was an observational studywith case-control design. Children with symptoms of UTI who visited at the Installation of ChildHealth, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta underwent dipstick urinalysis test and urineculture examination. Patients who showed positive urine culture was included in the case group,meanwhile patients who showed negative urine culture was included in the control group. Allpatients were then asked the history of the chronic constipation. The association between theconstipation and the incident of UTI was evaluated using bivariate analysis continued bymultivariate analysis. One hundred and twenty eight eligible subjects consisting 64 subjects ineach group were involved in this study. Statistical analysis showed that children with chronicconstipation have a 3.77 times higher risk of UTI (OR=3.77; 95%CI=3.21-4.32) compare tothose without constipation. Furthermore, the chronic constipation remained to be independentrisk factor of UTI. The incidence of UTI increased 3.99 times higher in children with constipationcompare to those without constipation (aOR=3.99; 95% CI=1.028-15.48). In conclusion, chronicconstipation has been proven to be a risk factor of UTI in children

Sensitivity of Total Protein Creatinine Ratio in Urine for Diagnosis Diabetic Nephropathy . Fatrinawati; . Windarwati; Osman Sianipar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTDiabetic nephropathy is one of diabetic complication characterized by proteinuria and impaired renal function. Confirmation of diagnosis based either on urine value of albumin excretion rate (AER) 30-300 mg/24 hours or albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) 30-300 mg/g or total protein creatinine ratio (TPCR) 150-500 mg/g. It is reported that TPCR measurement is more acceptable since it is convenient, fast and does not require special preparation. The aim of this study is to investigate the accuracy of TPCR for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetic patients.This was a diagnostic test study which involves 86 type 2 diabetic patients where urine TPCR value equal or more than 150mg/g was independently and blindly compared with AER as a refference standard to diagnose diabetic nephopathy. The inclusion criteria were type 2 diabetic patients that suspected suffer from diabetic nephropathy (long of illness is more than 4 years) and agree to participate in this study. Those whom were suffer from at least on of the following diseases urinary tract infection, congestive heart failure, liver dysfunction, pregnancy, multiple myeloma, microangiopathy hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and incomplete data were excluded from the study. The results of the study were analyzed using 2x2 table in order to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), likelihood ratio for positive test result/LR(+),likelihood ratio for negative test result/LR(-),and accuracy. The average of TPCR among diabetic nephropathy patient was 248.07 mg/g. It was significantly higher as compared to those non diabetic nephropathy patient (103.52 mg/g). It was found 75 true positive result, 9 true negative result, and 2 false positive result. The result showed that TPCR had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 97.4%, 100%, 100%, and 81,8% respectively to diagnose diabetic nephropathy.Total Protein Creatinine Ratio (TPCR) with value equal or more than 150 mg/g in the morning sample urine can be used to diagnose diabetic nephropathy.Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, total protein creatinine ratio, sensitivity, albumin excretion rate, diagnostic test study

Drinking water quality analysis after 22 deaths in LaeMaromas, North Sumatera Abraham Simatupang; Seruni Kusuma Udyaningsih Freisleben; Maruli Pandjaitan; Christel Westerhausen; Hans Joachim Freisleben
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 04 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The case of 22 deaths in LaeMaromas, North Sumatera suspected due to water contamination bynearby metal mining was brought by local citizens to the Church-supported non-governmentalorganization (NGO) Persekutuan Diakonia Pelangi Kasih (PDPK). The patients’ clinical symptomswere fever, shivering, shaking chills, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and vomiting. In June 2011, ateam from the District Health Department analysed the drinking water quality, especiallymicrobiological contamination. Members of PDPK asked the German-Indonesian MedicalAssociation to conduct a second complete water analysis with focus on heavy metal content.Six water samples from four different wells in LaeMaromas and two from Sopokomil and Bongkaraswere analysed according to international water quality standards. Taste, odour, colour, and turbiditywere determined by organoleptic and photometric methods. Temperature and pH were measuredwith a calibrated thermometer and pH-meter. Total dissolved solids were determined gravimetrically,hardness as CaCO3 content. Inorganic anions and nitrogen compounds were measured by titration.Contamination with Eschericia coli and coliform bacteria, organic compounds and detergents wasdetermined according to standard methods. Heavy metals were measured by atomic absorptionspectroscopy. The pH of the water (4.5-6.5) was below standard (6.5-8.5). Heavy metals werewithin the allowed concentrations. All samples from LaeMaromas contained high counts coliformbacteria /E. coli with a peak of 1600 counts/100 mL and high organic compound level of 63 mg/Lin LaeMaromas III. Most probably, the 22 deaths were caused by drinking water contamination withcoliform bacteria rather than by heavy metals or other chemicals.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI 2) examination in patients with benzodiazepine addiction in Yogyakarta Silas Henry Ismanto; Irwan Supriyanto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Addiction is a major health problem in Indonesia. The prevalence and pattern of drugsaddiction shifted according to changes in personality, stressors, or increasing responsibilityas people grow. Individual personality will affect their tendency to develop drug addiction.Benzodiazepines abuse has steadily increased. Unlike other type drugs of abuse, thecharacteristics of benzodiazepine abusers are greatly varied. Therefore, the personalitytraits and social economic factors involved in the benzodiazepine addiction are unique.In this study we evaluated the personality traits of patient with benzodiazepine addictionin Yogyakarta using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 2 test. Thisstudy was a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were 39benzodiazepine addicts obtained from private psychiatrist practices in Yogyakarta. Theinstruments used were questionnaire for personal information and MMPI 2. Statisticalanalysis was conducted with SPSS ver. 17 and significance level was defined at p<0.05.MMPI 2 test revealed a low total mental capacity index and a low basic personality index(OCEAN: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism).The clinical profiles examination showed profile of somatic symptoms due to psychologicaldisturbances, clinical symptoms of overt suspiciousness, overt negative emotionality,clinical symptoms of depression, symptoms of psychopathic behaviours (antisocial),emotional difficulty in interpersonal relationship, clinical symptoms related to overtemotion, and weird and bizarre psychological experiences. There are certain personalityvariables that may be important predictors for benzodiazepine addiction identified in thisstudy.

A Comprehensive Exploration of Java Man: Bio-Cultural Evolution from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens Samuel J Haryono; Sri Utami; Restu Ambar Rahayuningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTAn overlap of time period between Homo erectus and Homo sapiens has not been confirmed. In the history of man, there have been two missing links: one between man and ape, and one between progressive Homo erectus and archaic Homo sapiens. Specimen dating on Java Man has been discrepant among research groups, and the use of molecular biology in ancient specimens has been a novelty. This study intends to use fossilised specimens, to harvest DNA to be sequenced for ribosomal DNA analysis for comparative phylogeny among ancient and modern man and other hominids. Dental calculus will be analysed to identify starch, carbohydrate, and protein to illustrate paleo dietary pattern. Soil samples will be examined for pollen and phytoliths to elaborate on ancient ecosystem. Blood samples will be procured from indigenous people along the riverflow region of Bengawan Solo to analyse modern human DNA. We hope that we may reconstruct the evolution pathway, construct the phylogenetic tree between ancient and modern hominids, and discover the uniqueness of Homo sapiens sapiens.Keywords: Java Man, Ribosomal DNA, Hominid Phylogenetic,

Sensitivity of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to white blood cell count (WBC) as a predictor of surgical site infection in patients undergoing major surgery Felix Hangandi; . Supomo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Early diagnosis and treatment of infections is essential in the care of the surgical patients. Rapidand appropriate diagnosis for an infection can prevent irrational use of antibiotics in the surgicalcare. A blood culture is a standard method to detect and identify bacteria causing the infections.However, it is time-consuming to confirm the results. Therefore, an alternative method thatsensitive and specific to reduce the time necessary to confirm the laboratory report is urgentlyneeded. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of C-reactiveprotein (CRP) with white blood cell (WBC) count as a predictor of surgical site infection (SSI) inpatients who underwent major surgery. This was a descriptive analytical study with a prospectiveobservational design involving patients who underwent major surgery in Department of Surgery,Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta between Octobers until December 2011. On the thirdday post operative surgery, serum CRP level and WBC were measured. In addition, bacterialculture from the surgical wound of patients who suffered SSI, according to Centers for DiseaseControl (CDC) criteria, was performed. Among 49 patients who involved in this study, 16patients (32.7%) suffered from SSI consisting 12 cases of superficial SSIs and 4 cases of deepSSIs. Among 9 patients who had an abnormal WBC count, 6 patients experienced SSI, whileamong 9 patients who had CRP serum levels above 8 mg/dL, 7 patients suffered from SSI. Thesensitivity and specificity of serum CRP levels in predicting SSI was 43.75% and 93.93%,respectively. Whereas the sensitivity and specificity of WBC was 31.25% and 87.87%,respectively. In conclusion, CRP is more sensitive and specific than WBC in predicting SSI inpatients who underwent major surgery.

Assessing downgrading of esophageal adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a case report Indrasto Histopaedianto1, Adeodatus Yuda Handaya2*, Hendro Wartatmo2 Adeodatus Yuda Handaya; Indrasto Histopaedianto; Hendro Wartatmo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Esophageal carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma, are a deadly serious malignancy. The delay in diagnosis due to the lack of specific symptoms in the early stages of the disease and the nature of esophageal cancer is very aggressive lead to a poor prognosis with a survival rate of small. Current management of esophageal cancer is recommended multimodal approach in the form of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or combined radiochemotherapy (CRT) and with surgery. In this article, multimodality treatment using chemotherapy and surgery on esophageal adenocarcinoma was reported. A 52-year-old male presented with a total obstruction of the esophagus and was planned to perform temporary gastrostomy for chemotherapy preparation. Gastrostomy found a solid and fixed tumor located in the gastroesophageal junction, with the size of 7 x 6 x 5 cm3. He underwent a chemotherapy using the regimen of 8 cycles paclitaxel without radiotherapy due to the long queue of radiotherapy schedule. After chemotherapy, we re-evaluated and planned to perform surgical removal of the tumor. During surgery, we found a total obstruction along with fibrosis of the esophagus but found no tumor/mass. We performed partial esophagectomy and end to side anastomosis using anastomosis end to side using the CDH25 circular stapler. Surgery was carried out by the thoracoabdominal approach. The patient was discharged on day 12 in a stable condition and was undergoing soft diet. We planned to evaluate the patient using Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) test and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan. In conclusion, multimodality treatment using chemotherapy and surgery on a case of one-third distal esophageal adenocarcinoma provides good results.

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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA