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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

199 200 201 202 203

Animal model for sporadic dementia of Alzheimer’s type (SDAT) using streptozotocin and lipopolysaccharide combinations in rats Rahadian Yudo Hartantyo; Mohammad Rizky Mochtar Hidayat; Abdul Basith Azzam; mulyati mulyati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Sporadic dementia of Alzheimer’s type (SDAT) pathogenesis has not been revealed completely due to the difficulty in creating an appropriate animal model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of single-dose intraperitoneal (IP) induction of streptozotocin (STZ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the β-amyloid levels and the brain function of experimental rats. Eighteen rats were divided into three groups i.e. control, TRE1 (STZ 60 mg.kg-1 BW + LPS 3 mg.kg-1 BW), and TRE2 (STZ 30 mg.kg-1 BW + LPS 1.5 mg.kg-1 BW). The substances were administered in a single dose. Behavioral tests were started at day-30 after injection, we performed Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Afterward, we measured whole brain and serum β-amyloid levels, as one of the biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), using the ELISA method. In MWM tests, the escape latency and time spent in the target quadrant of treatment groups were significantly higher than those in control at the day-5 MWM test and probe trial. The rats in treatment groups have negative discrimination indexes in NOR tasks, indicating that the rats could not remember the familiar object. Intraperitoneal STZ and LPS significantly increase soluble brain β-amyloid levels of treatment groups than those in the control group. In conclusion, the treatment of STZ (60 mg.kg-1 BW) and LPS (3 mg.kg-1 BW) indicated spatial and recognition memory impairment, along with an increase of brain soluble β-amyloid level in rats.

Association between hearing loss and hypertension in non ear infection patients in Universitas Gadjah Mada Academic Hospital Anton Sony Wibowo; Herfis Avidati; Sulis Ernawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Hearing loss is a common occurrence that can decrease productivity and quality of life. The incidence of hearing loss is often experienced by adults due to several factors, and one influencing factor is cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is known to have an effect on decreasing inner ear vascularization that will result in hearing loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of hearing loss and hypertension in non-ear infection patients. This case-control study recruited subjects who underwent audiometric examination at the Universitas Gadjah Mada Academic Hospital, Yogyakarta, from June 2018 - July 2019. Hypertension was determined based on the results of blood pressure examination based on JNC 8 criteria. Hearing threshold value was taken from pure tone audiometry. The association of hypertension with hearing loss was analysed in each group and between study groups. Sixty patients who underwent audiometric examination divided into two groups with 30 patients in each group were involved in this study. There was a significant relationship between hypertension and hearing loss (OR=13.1; 95%CI: 3.8-45.0; p= 0.001). Hypertension acts as a variable that significantly affects the incidence of hearing loss. Patients with hypertension have a greater risk of hearing loss compared to patients without hypertension.

Diagnosis value of prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) in bone metastases of prostate cancer among Indonesian population Ahmad Zulfan Hendri; Andy Zulfiqqar; Indrawarman soeharjo; Raden Danarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Cancer prostate (PCa) is currently reported as the most diagnosed cancer in males. Bone metastases in PCa indicate poor prognosis and the major cause of pain and death. Early diagnosis of metastases is important in PCa management. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) velocity was used to predict overall survival and metastasis-free survival. However, this test should be conducted 2 times, for at least 4 weeks apart. Therefore, a cross-sectional test with higher positive probability value is needed. This study aimed to compare PSA density (PSAD) and PSA level to evaluate patients at risk of bone metastases in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Aretrospective study with a total subject of 106 patients with (n = 31) and without (n = 75) bone metastases were analyzed. The initial PSA measurement, as well as bone scan and prostate volume, were evaluated in all patients. Bone survey found to be positive in 31/106 (29.2%) patients. The total of 50(47.2%), 10(9.4%) and 46(43.4%) patients had PSA level <50, 50-100 and >100ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve of PSAD (0.75) was higher that that ofPSA (0.65).PSAD more than 0.15 indicated sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 38%, while PSA more than 20 ng/mL shown sensitivity 82% and specificity 21%. In conclusion, PSAD level more than 0.15 shows high sensitivity and specificity in causing potential skeletal metastases. Using this PSAD cut-off value, unnecessary investigation canbe avoided.

Human security, social stigma, and global health: the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia Hastoro Dwinantoaji; Sumarni DW
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global public health threat with many medical, ethical, economic, and socialimpacts. COVID-19 has spread worldwide, to many Asian and Middle Eastern countries, the United Statesof America, and European countries. The current COVID-19 pandemic that has devastated Indonesia, has infected and killed more healthcare workers, in particular doctors and nurses, than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. People have basic needs that must be met for them to feel safe and secure. A history of the outbreak of the COVID-19 is brifley showed, before exploring the impact the virus had in Indonesia. During this exploration, some of the key issues arising from the experiences in Indonesia, in addressing the threat of COVID-19 will be reviewed. Drawing on the COVID-19 as the case study, we consider the ways in which the concept of human security expands understanding of its relationship to health. Further, weshow how major public health issues can evolve into security threats.The final section of the article will be an analysis of the lessons learned from COVID-19 and policy implications in addressing health and human security threats.

Ischemic stroke in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) positive patient: a case report Rosa De Lima Renita Sanyasi; Esdras Ardi Pramudita
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

A new coronavirus disease called COVID-19 was declared by World Health Organization (WHO). The COVID-19 may complicated into many other conditions, including neurologic. One among this neurologic complication is stroke. This paper aimed to report a case of ischemic stroke in COVID-19 positive patient in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A male patient, 42 years old, came to emergency department with weakness in his right arm for two days as his main complain. He also had face drop on the right side, cough, and shortness of breath. He had a history of hyperthyroid and type II diabetes mellitus. The brain CT Scan showed a lacunar infarct in the left lentiform nucleus. Patient had nasopharynx and oropharynx swab to be checked for the presence of COVID-19 and the result was positive.The pathophysiology of stroke in COVID-19 include the hyperactivation of inflammatory factors that causes a fatal inflammatory storm. It also cause a damage of coagulation system which causing the D-dimer and platelet abnormalities, hypercoagulability from critical illness and cardioembolism from virus-related cardiac injury. Moreover, COVID-19 may cause a direct role in viral infection in central nervous system. In conclusion, ischemic stroke can be present along with COVID-19.

Controversy of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitors (ACEIs) prescription for hypertension patients in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic Yuliana Yuliana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made all the world in a mess. Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 infects human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (ACE receptors). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE) is upregulated in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. Hypertension patients commonly consume angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and/or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) which could increase ACE receptors. It was suspected that the ARBs or ACEIs administration may worsen the clinical outcome for the hypertension patients with COVID-19. However, no clinical trial had significantly revealed how appropriate management and prescription of ARBs and ACEIs for the hypertension patients with COVID-19. The use of ARBs and ACEIs for these patients is still controversy. Studies concerning the side effect of single or combination use of ARBs and ACEIs in the hypertension patients with COVID-19 as well as specific morbidity and mortality are needed. This review was aimed to provide understanding concerning the appropriate management and prescription of ARBs and ACEIs for hypertension patients with COVID-19.

Current understanding of the origin, molecular biology and continuing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Mohamad Saifudin Hakim; Luthvia Annisa; Endah Supriyati; Edwin W. Daniwijaya; Rakhmat A. Wibowo; Eggi Arguni; Titik Nuryastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Recent outbreaks of human coronaviruses, officially named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have put health authorities worldwide on a high alert. Firstly emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, SARS-CoV-2 infection is rapidly escalating into a global pandemic. It is first thought as the result of a zoonotic transmission event, similar to the previous epidemic of coronaviruses. However, a continuously increasing number of confirmed cases indicates that the virus gains capacity of efficient human-to-human transmission. Soon after the pandemic is arising, many efforts are focused on identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human population. Current evidence suggests that the virus is probably derived from bat or pangolin coronaviruses as the natural host. Whether intermediate host(s) exist in the transmission cascade from bat or pangolin to humans is, to a great extent, elusive. This information is essential as the basis for infection prevention and control measures. In this review, we discuss our recent understanding of SARS-CoV-2 biology, highlighting its origin and molecular evolution.

Pulmonary artery hypertension patients and the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19): are they protected from severe disease? Anggoro Budi Hartopo; Dyah Wulan Anggrahini; Bambang Budi Siswanto; Lucia Kris Dinarti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a current pandemic of viral infection which mainly involves respiratory system and may progress into severe multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a disease marked by increased mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance due to pulmonary panvascular remodeling. Although rare, the prevalence of PAH is currently escalating in Indonesia due to increased diagnostic capacity and referral, treatment availability and improved survival. Despite chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases are at increased risk to develop severe COVID-19, patients with PAH are considered to be not in higher risk to develop severe COVID-19. However, whether this population is protected from severe COVID-19 is unclear. There are protective and offensive factors need to be considered in PAH patients in respect to COVID-19.

Review of immune responses correlated with COVID-19 outcomes: the fight, debacle and aftermath in the Indonesian context. Dian Eurike Septyaningtrias; Jajah Fachiroh; Dewi Kartikawati Paramita; Dewajani Purnomosari; Rina Susilowati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

In the current pandemic, the highly contagious nature of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to an enormous burden for the global health care system and creates challenging socioeconomic problems. Respiratory mucosa, the main entrance of SARS-CoV-2 infection, are equipped with an innate immune defense system as the initial response against infection. Activation of the adaptive immune system facilitates viral clearance as well as providing immunological memory for prevention from subsequent exposure. However, despite repeated efforts at implementing appropriate interventions, severe and fatal cases are continuing to occur and reports of recurrent cases need clarification. Host factors may contribute to the severity of the diseases while viral immune evasion is a common phenomenon leading to severe outcomes and recurrent infection. Discussions of immunological-based tests for screening, herd immunity, along with the possible advantages or potentially futile efforts of development of vaccine and alternative immunotherapy have become a part of daily household conversations. In this review, evidence of innate and adaptive immune responses or lack of them, and immunological problems relevant for SARS-CoV-2 will be summarized. Finally, perspectives for future studies especially in the Indonesian population will be sketched.

Convalescent plasma for COVID-19: A reasonable option for the pandemic based on both scientific and practical point of views Mardiah Suci Hardianti; Syahru Agung Setiawan; David Dwi Putera; Teguh Triyono; Jarir At Thobari; Johan Kurnianda
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Convalescent plasma treatment has become a promising adjunctive option to treat COVID-19. Several case reports consistently supported the feasibility of this approach by showing the safety and improvements of clinical and laboratory aspects from the treated patients. However, more clinical trials are still required to establish the definitive statement about its potential effectiveness. We review the scientific basis for the application of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 to understand its potentials better. We also cover the potential risks and benefits for this treatment in order to be more selective and careful when preparing and deciding to apply this approach. Lastly, we summarize any important points to monitor after the administration of this treatment to prioritize safety and measure the effectiveness of the treatment.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Nurhadiyahya

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Editorial Address https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email
nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6289672800034

Journal Mail Official
jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA