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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 28   29   30   31   32 
The basal membrane destruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasma, and prostatic adenocarcinoma. A study on basal membrane type IV collagens Irianiwati, Irianiwati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Basal membrane (BM), a selective permeable membrane is mainly composed of type IV collagen. A tumor invasion, therefore, may only occur if this membrane is destroyed by an active process of tumor producing proteolytic enzymes. It has been found that prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is a prostatic premalignant lesion. Although both benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic adenocarcinoma required an androgenic hormone for their growth, the correlation between the degree of destruction of basal membranes and BPH, PIN, and prostatic adenocarcinoma should be clarified. This can be studied by observing the continuity of periacinair BM. In order to understand the correlation among prostatic lesions, the BM continuity of 40 paraffin block specimens (15 BPH, 11 PIN, and 14 Prostatic adenocarcinomas) were studied. The BM of these specimens were stained immunohistochemically with MoAB anti human Type IV collagens. The periacinair BM continuity was scored 0-5. The Spearmans correlation test was used to analyze their possible relationship.The result shows that there is a significant correlation between the degree of destruction of basal membranes and BPH, PIN, and Prostatic adenocarcinomas (r = 0.898; p<0.05). In conclusion, based on periacinair BM des-truction, there is a positive correlation between the degree of destruction of basal membranes and BPH, PIN, and prostatic adenocarcinomas.Key words : collagen type IV - prostatic adenocarsinoma - prostatic intrapithelial neoplasia - benign prostate hyperplasia - basal membrane
Hypertension as one of the risk factors for age-related macular degeneration Soni Priartso, Soni Priartso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 03 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is one of the causes of loss of central vision in older people. While age is the undisputed, the most important risk factors such as genetic, race, sex, sunlight exposure, diet, vitamin, smoking, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension have been incriminated to be associated with the development of ARMD. The study of ARMD is very rare in Indonesia.Objectives: To investigate the possible association of presumed hypertension, and other risk factors in patients with age-related macular degeneration.Methode: A case-control study of 120 subjects, 60 cases with ARMD and 60 cases of normal control in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital and Dr. YAP. Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta. ARMD and normal control were compared. Interview, eye examination, blood pressure, and blood sample were performed. Results: Hypertension was observed in 38 (76%) of 60 patients with age-related macular degeneration. Of 60 normal control patients, only 12 (24%) had hypertension. Statistical analysis result showed that hypertension was one of the risk factors for the development of age-related macular degeneration OR: 6,909 (3,037-15,720). But hypertension was not a predictor for the development of age-related macular degeneration (regression coefficient = 0,0000).Conclusion: Besides other risk factors, hypertension is one of the risk factors for the development of age-related macular degeneration.Keywords: age-related macular degeneration - central vision - older people - risk factors - hypertension
Secondary transmissions of filariasis caused by nonperiodic form of Brugia malayi among indigenous Dayak people in East Kalimantan FA Sudjadi, FA.Sudjadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Nonperiodic or aperiodic form of Brugia malayi Lichtenstein was discovered and reported recently from East Kalimantan as a new subspecies by Sudjadi, in addition to the nocturnally periodic and subperiodic form, previously known as health problem in many rural areas in Indonesia. The Brugia type was found in high endemicity among Dayak indigenous people who were growing paddy rice by shifting cultivation method in the forest areas in Krayan village, Long Ikis district, Pasir regency.Objectives: To detect secondary transmissions, which so far known unusually happenned on filarial elephantiasis, in the highly endemic of Krayan village, when previous infections have already ceased by entering the chronic stage.Method: Krayan villagers suffering from elephantiasis during previous clinical examinations were recruited in the study. Blood samples (in an amount of 60 mm3) were taken from finger prick to examine the presence of microfilariae.Results: Amount of 17 elephantiasis cases of local inhabitants were examined. Most of them, ie 11 people or 64.7%, were found positif with microfilaremia, with the highest densities of 151 microfilariae per 60 mm3 blood. These unusual cases of secondary transmissions were not only closely related to the high endemicity of filariasis in that Krayan area, but the effective transmissions originated from wild animals in the forest as source of infections as well.Conclusion: The secondary transmissions of filariasis found among indigenous Dayak people in Krayan clearly supports the nonperiodic or aperiodic form of B. malayi filarial worm to be zoonotic or sylvanic.Key words: nonperiodic form of Brugia malayi - elephantiasis - microfilaremia - secondary transmissions -sylvanic filariasis
Risk factors of constipation in children Dyah Kurniati, Dyah Kurniati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Despite it is not considered as a dangerous situation in children older than 2 years old, but attention is important in young infant. Improper treatment in constipation may contributed to the raise of anxiety, emotionally disorder either for the children or its relatives.Objective: To determine risk factors related to constipation in children.Design and Methods: A case control study was conducted for all of children who were admitted to ambulatory polyclinic and inpatient clinic of Sardjito Hospital during January 2001 - December 2001. A questionnaire was obtained by the researcher or assistant by direct interview to parent or guardian.Results: We enrolled 86 children, consisted of 43 children in constipation group and the43 children as control. There was significant  difference (p  < 0.01) between two groups in the presence of the symp-toms (abdominal pain, pain during defecation, vomit, decrease of appetite and encopresis). More childrenin constipation group and significant difference (p<0.01) when reported having toilet training distur- bance, daily fluid intake, the variety of daily meals (vegetables, fruits) and sweetened foods. Relative risk of having constipation due to toilet training disturbance in constipations group is 0.14 (CI:  0.06 - 0.38).Conclusion: Toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variability of daily meals and sweetened foods are risk factors of constipation in childhood.Key words: children - constipation - clinical findings- risk factors
The frequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA on cervical cancer patients from several hospitals in Yogyakarta by PCR test. Titik Nuryastuti, Titik Nuryastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 04 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background : Cancer of the uterine cervix (cervical cancer) is one of the most common malignant neoplasm in women in developing countries and remains a major public health problem worldwide. Several studies have proved the role of HPV as an agent STD (sexually transmitted disease), in the pathogenesis of Cervical cancer, beside the other risk factors.Objective : The aim of this study was to know the frequence of HPV infection in Yogyakarta.Material and Methods : 44 samples of Cervical cancer biopsies were collected from Sardjito General Hospital, Bethesda Hospital and private doctors, and stored frozen. DNA isolated from the biopsies of cervical cancer was amplified by PCR using consensus primer (CP I and CP IIG) from El ORF (188 bp) of HPV.Result : HPV DNA was detected in 84.1 % of the samples. In CIN I, 20 % samples were infected with HPV, 100 % in Ca epidermoid, 66.4 % in adeno Ca and 0 % in Ca adenosquamosaConclusion : The frequency of HPV in cervical Ca biopsies of certain histopathological status in Yogyakarta by PCR method was proved to be very high.Key words : HPV infection - cervical Ca - biopsy - PCR
Scleromalacia perforans after retinal detachment surgery. Angela Nurini Agni, Angela Nurini Agni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A 37 year old man suffering from scleromalacia perforans after retinal detachment surgery has been reported. The background whether this patient was suffering from autoimmune disorder or other systemic disease was not determined because of a lack of supporting examination to detect this condition. He underwent free sclera! buckle and scleral grafting followed by a combination of steroid and NSAID. The scleral graft remains stable; however, scleral thinning has been progressively occurring. All of ocular surgery must be accurately prepared. Identification of the risk of systemic disease must be taken, especially the autoimmune disorder. Evidences on the correlation of autoimmune disorder with scleritis after ocular surgery were known well. In conclusion, an accurate and complete information was needed for the patient in order to understand the real condition.Key words : Scleromalacia perforans - autoimmune disorder - graft - retinal ablation
The effect of intravenous neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Malaria is one of the most important public health problems in the tropical countries such a Indonesia. Several actions have been taken to overcome this problem, however, its prevalence is still high. Vector resistance to insecticide and parasite resistance to drug were two of the major constraints in dealing with malaria. Therefore, alternative methods to control malaria which are effective and safe are needed.Objectives: To detect the effect of neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice.Methods: Seventy five Swiss mice were divided into 7 groups and each group was treated intravenously with 50 mg/KgBW, 100 mg/KgBW, 200 mg/KgBW, 400 mg/KgBW, 500 mg/KgBW neems seed oil; 5 mg/KgBW chloroquine and 50 ml physiological salt respectively for a period of 4 days after infection. The blood samples were collected every day (D.,0 to D.3) from all experimental animals and the parasitemia were examined with Giemsa staining.Results: Effective dose (ED50) of neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice administered intravenously was 144.12 mg/Kg BW, and the inhibition effect of the dose of 800 mg/ KgBW was 78.61%.Conclusion: The neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice (800 mg/KgBW) has a potential inhibition effect on development of P. berghei.Keywords: Plasmodium berghei - Azadirachta indica A. Juss - effective dose - parasitemia - resistance
Sensitivity rates of bacteria causing urinary tract infections to commonly used antibiotics Ning Rintiswati, Ning Rintiswati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The choice of antibiotics in the treatment of infections, including urinary tract infection has been mainly based on previous clinical and empirical experiences. No antibiotic guideline is available for use in daily practice so that failure in the treatment of infections will inevitably happen. Since it is quite complicated work to prepare the guideline we start with a simple preliminary study on antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing urinary tract infections.Objectives: The aim of this study is to know the recent status of various antibiotics agent in relation to their efficacy in the treatment of urinary tractus infection, especially in Yogyakarta.Methods: Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility test of bacteria from urine specimens were performed by available standard methods. Subject: Urine specimens sent to Microbiology Department for isolation, identification, and antibiotics susceptibility test.Results: The results showed that 184 isolates were obtained during the period of July 1997 to June 1998. Susceptibility rate of the isolates to ampicillin was very low, whereas the rates were much higher for ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and amikacin.Conclusions: It is concluded that ciprofloxacin could be the first choice and norfloxacin, gentamicin or amikacin serve as alternatives in the treatment of urinary tract infections.Key words: bacteria - urinary tract infection - antibiotics suceptibility - sensitivity rates
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in children, special aspects Sunarto, Sunarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus infection in children and infants has some different characteristics compared to that in adults, including the transmission, the clinical manifestations and the clinical course. Many factors are associated with the vertical transmission, among others are maternal antigen p24 level, viral load, CD4+ -cell number, zidovudine therapy, and the presence of anti-Gp 120. Growth and development failure, interstitial pneumonia, and hepatomegaly are found in almost all pediatric AIDS. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) has a high frequency in vertical AIDS. Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP) as early complication occurs in about 10% of children with AIDS and has high mortality. Gastrohepatobillary dysfunction caused by various opportunistic microorganisms are common; disaccharidase intolerance also frequently occurs. The longer the children alive the higher the cardiac abnormalities. Neurologic abnormalities are found in 90% of vertical AIDS. The clinical course and the prognosis of vertical infection is associated with the maternal virus load, symptomatic HIV and p24 antigenemia, the lower the CD4+ cells in the mother, and the characteristic of the virus. The increased p24 antigenemia in the first 6 months of life, the opportunistic infections, and the progressive neurologic disease are related also to bad prognosis. Laboratory based diagnosis of HIV infection in infants is difficult especially due to the presence of maternal antibody. A number of tests is now under studies to find reliable and practical diagnostics, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of liquid or dried blood samples. IgA and other practical kit tests. HIV infected children show lower response against vaccinal antigens than normal infants. Anyhow, vaccination with killed vaccines is recommended for all HIV infected infants, including diphtheria, tetanus, killed polio. HIV infected children show response against H. influenzae vaccine. The advantages of BCG vaccination are weighted against the disadvantages. Varicella and hepatitis-B vaccine effectivity need further studies.Key words: pediatric HIV - vertical transmission - clinical manifestation - prognostic factor - laboratory diagnostics - recommended vaccination
The description of concentration, viability, motility and normal sperm form in patients with varicocele. Dicky M. Rizal, Dicky M. Rizal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Varicocele was one of the causal factor s of infertility which related with the abnormality of sperm.Objective: The aim of this study was to know the description of concentration, viability, motility and normal sperm form in patient with varicocele, and different level of that result between three grades of varicocele.Method: This study was a retrospective-analytic study on the medical record data of patients with varicocele at Fermata Hati Infertility Clinic during January 2001-July 2002. The concentration, motility, viability and sperm normal form were evaluated and analized.Results: The results showed that 103 patients with varicocele were found, consisted of 87.4% patients with left varicocele, 1.9% right varicocele, and 10.7%. bilateral. The incidence of decreased concentration 38.8%, decreased motility 63.7% sibjects and viability 51.6%. There were decreased mean ratio of motility Ix = 41.12% for (a) category and x=16.37% for (b) category), and viability (x =73.5% life). Analysis by one way ANOVA showed that no significant differences of mean between each variable of three grades of varicocele (p>0.05).Conclusion: Abnormality in the parameters of sperm analysis was found in varicocele cases, but the grade of varicocele was not related to the concentration, motility, viability and normal sperm form.Keywords : varicocele-sperm motility-sperm viability-sperm form-infertility.

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