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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 35   36   37   38   39 
Catamenial epilepsy Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 01 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The true frequency of menstrually related seizures (catamenial epilepsy) is unclear. This is due in part to the fact that at present there is no universally accepted definition of this entity. Because of such arbitrary definition, a variety of therapeutic strategies for controlling seizures related to hormonal fluctuations have been recommended. With respect to the uncertainty of catamenial epilepsy criteria, the principles of physiologic changes related to hormonal fluctuations in women with epilepsy should be understood. Based on the knowledge of hormonal changes and characteristics of epilepsy, a detailed history taking should be carried out properly. This strategy will be useful for establishing diagnosis and planning appropriate treatment.Keywords: catamenial epilepsy - definition - seizure - therapeutic strategy - hormonal fluctuations.
A comparative study of Cycloprovera and Depoprovera contraceptive methods. The menstrual patterns and continuation rates Soetrisno, Soetrisno
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 04 (1993)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The change of menstrual patterns caused by progestogen only contraception may influence the womens psychologic condition and sometimes requires discontinuation of its usage. Cycloprovera, a monthly injectable contraceptive method, containing progestogen + estradiol cypionate is considered to overcome the problems. The study was aimed at comparing the menstrual pattern changes and continuation rates between Cycloprovera and Depoprovera acceptors.The study is a part of a multicentered study comparing menstrual pattern changes between Cycloprovera and HRP 102 acceptors conducted in 5 countries including 7 research centers in Indonesia. For each Cycloprovera acceptors recruited in Yogyakarta, one Depoprovera acceptor was selected as control. Menstrual patterns and continuation rates of both groups were followed up in 3, 6. 9 and 12 months after having first injection. From July 1, to December 31, 1990. 31 acceptor for each group were recruited from several family planning clinics in Yogyakarta. The comparability of the two groups was not statistically significant except for blood pressure level. However, it was not clinically significant. The normal menstrual patterns was significantly higher in Cycloprovera group compared to Depoprovera group (p<0.05). No amenorrhoea and drop-out among Cycloprovera acceptors, while among Depoprovera group were 19.4%, 35.5%, 38.7% and 9.7%, 19.3%, 29.0% after 3, 6 and 9 to 12 months respectively. The changes of menstrual patterns after 3 and 6 months were significantly higher among Depoprovera groups compared to Cycloprovera (p<0.05), however, after 9 to 12 months were not statistically different (p<0.05).It is concluded that the menstrual patterns and continuation rates of Cycloprovera acceptors are better compared to Depoprovera acceptors, and no drop-out among Cycloprovera acceptors.Key Words: Cycloprovera - Depoprovera - menstrual patterns - user continuation rate - family planning clinic
Aged and Aging Wasilah Rochmah, Wasilah Rochmah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Since the last two decades the history has witnessed that aging and gerontology have been the focus of extensive discourse and concern. Aging has arrived as an issue and object of study, and academic community recognized aging as a legitimate area of study. As the number of elderly has increased exponentially, the professional and paraprofessional occupations dealing with that problems of the elderly has also increased. Chronologically, a person is considered to be old if he/she experiences a long life. Old is not only viewed by its chronological aspect, but also by its physical and psychological aspects as well. Aging results in body structural and functional changes, and it generates impairment, disability, and sometimes conform to a disease. The mechanisms and factors underlying aging process are still controversial. In attempts to explain aging process some numbers of theories have been proposed. It is, therefore, the emerging issues concerning old and aging process are: how the aging process takes place and which theories are still plausible? Aging process is a life-long process, characterized by body- failures in maintaining homeostatic conditions to physiological stresses. There are a variety of theories of aging that are proposed in which some of them are still plausible.Keywords: elderly - aging process - body structural & functional changes - impairment & disability -theories of aging
Secretion of tumor necrosis factor and reactive oxygen intermediates from soluble antigens of Plasmodium falciparum stimulated-peritoneal mouse macro-phages Mahardika Agus Wijayanti, Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 01 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Malarial infection is stil one of major health problems in the world. In Indonesia, malarial infection is especially caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodiun vivax. Host immune responses to malarial infection are complex mechanisms, including the humoral immunity by antibody and cellular immunity by T cells and activated effector cells. Macrophages as an effector cells kill malarial parasite by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanism. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are mediators produced by macrophages which represent as non-oxidative and oxidative killing respectively.Objectives: Understanding the secretion ability of tumor necrosis factor and reactive oxygen intermediates from soluble antigens of P. falciparum stimulated-peritoneal mouse macrophages.Method: In this. study, soluble antigens of P. fa/p/parum stimulated-peritoneal mouse macrophages were tested to produce TNF and ROI in vitro. Secretion of TNF was measured by MTT assay dan ROI by NBT reduction assay. Swiss mice were divided into two groups of 15 mice each. One group was stimulated by soluble antigens as experimental group and the other as control group.Result: Secretion of TNF and ROI by soluble antigens of P. falciparum stimulated-peritoneal mouse macrophages were significantly higher (p<0,01) than control group.Conclusion: Soluble antigens of P. falciparum could activate mouse peritoneal cells in vivo. Therefore, mouse macrophages provide a convenient system for investigating the human malarial soluble antigens.Key. words : Soluble antigens of Plasmodium fa/ciparum - Cellular Immunity - Macrophages – Tumor - Necrosis Factor - Reactive Oxygen Intermediate
Hemoglobin M-Saskatoon clarified at molecular level by DNA sequencing of the 13-globin gene Purnomo Suryantoro, Purnomo Suryantoro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

DNA sequencing of the 0-globin gene was done and clarify the Hemoglobin M-Saskatoon at molecular level.A boy was detected to suffer from 13-thalassemia since three year old. At four years of age, he underwent splenectomy due to severe splenomegaly. At 10 years of age blood sample was withdrawn and enzymatic sequencing of blood lympocyte DNA showed a mutation at Codon 63 (CAT->TAT). Therefore, hemoglobin M-Saskatoon was diagnosed. This mutation was also found in his mother detected by using NLA Ill restriction enzyme which digests the wild type of DNA at the CATG/region. This is the first report to demonstrate sequencing technique identifying hemoglobin M instead of using the biophysical examination of the blood oxygen binding affinity.Key words: /3-thalassemia - hemoglobin M - Saskatoon - DNA sequencing - endonuclease restriction enzyme
Wary tuberculosis and cholestatic type hepatitis. A case report Edi Hartoyo, Edi Hartoyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 02 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Tuberculosis is still a major health problem in Indonesia. The organ commonly affected is lung (pulmonary tuberculosis) but other organs (extrapulmonary tuberculosis) may also be involved. Working diagnosis of tuberculosis in childhood is usually established by tuberculin test, chest x-ray and clinical manifestations, but it is often difficult to establish diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis as the chest x-ray and clinical manifestations are not always specific and we have difficulty in finding tuberculosis such as scoring method, bactec, serologic examination and biomolecular technic. However all of those examinations require further study for practical clinical use in the future. We report 12 year old child suffering from miliary tuberculosis and cholestatic type hepatitis. The recommended treatment for miliary tuberculosis is INH 10 mg/kgbw/day, Rifampicin 15 mg/kgbw/day, Ethambutol 15 mg/kgbw/day, Pyrazinamid 20 mg/ kgbw/day (for 2 months). Thereafter, the therapy was continued according to the conventional protocol. For the cholestatic type hepatitis we gave ursodeoxycolic (urdafalk) 8 mg/kgbw/day and cursil 2 x 1. The patients condition improved after evaluation of 3 week therapy.Key words: miliary tuberculosis - diagnostic problem - cholestatic hepatitis - management
Gadjah Mada stroke algorithm. Clinical strategy for distinguishing intracerebral haemorrhage from acute ischemic or infarction stroke Rusdi Lamsudin, Rusdi Lamsudin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

A Gadjah Mada Stroke Algorithm (GMSA) as a clinical strategy to distinguish intracerebral haemorrhage from acute ischaemic or infarction stroke after the onset of stroke has been developed and validated (internal validity) in 229 stroke patients. An observational-prospective study design was conducted to validate GMSA (external validity) from 350 acute stroke patients in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta from 1st December 1992 to 30th June 1996. The scope of the study are as follows: (1) validity of multiple-parallel test against CT-Scan to define intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke diagnosis, (2) significance of correlation between 8 group-variables of GMSA and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke diagnosis, and (3) the validity of every group-variable to define intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke. This study showed that the GMSA as a clinical strategy have a high validity (external validity) to distinguish intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke from acute ischaemic or infarction stroke.Key words : Gadjah Mada stroke algorithm - diagnostic test - intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke -acute ischaemic stroke - infarction stroke
Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent early - onset clinical neonatal sepsis in newborn with potential infection. T. Darmawati, T. Darmawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 03 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Over used prophylactic antibiotics on the potensially infected newborns to prevent early-onset sepsis causes greater risk for antibiotic resistance and changes of bacterial spectrum. Objectives: To know the efectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent early-onset clinical neonatal on the newborns with potential infection.Methods: Retrospective cohort study, neonates born in the Maternal Perinatal Installation of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Yogyakarta, from February 2000 to January 2001, were evaluated the risk factor of potential infection included premature rupture of the membranes, claudy or bad smell of amnion fluid, low birth weight, preterm, severe asphyxia with invasive procedure. Two groups in the study, were neonates with prophylactic antibiotics and neonates without prophylactic antibiotics. They were observed at least 7 days after delivery to find early-onset clinical neonatal sepsis.Results: There were 140 newborns studied, 50 newborns were given prophylactic antibiotics and 90 new borns without prophylactic antibiotics. Chi Square and t-test were applied for gestational age at delivery, peripartum 5 minutes. No significant difference between two groups (p>0.05) was found, early-onset neonatal sepsis in control group was 14/50 (28%) and in case group was 20/90 (22.2%)) = 0.445). Relative risk for sepsis was 0.79 (95% CI:0.303 - 0.078). Number needed to treat (NNT) was 18 (95% CI: 12 - 26) with risk of 72%.Conclusion: Prophylactic antibiotics for potensially infected newborn to prevent early-onset clinical neonatal sepsis did not result in significant different effect compared no prophylactic antibiotics.Keywords: no prophylactic antibiotics - early-onset neonatal sepsis - neonatal risk factors
Anthropometric and Body Composition Characteristics of Soccer Athletes in Yogyakarta Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati, Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: There is considerable evidence indicating that champions of various sports events differ significantly in their physical and physiological characteristics. It is not only the intersport differences, but also in the same sport, depending upon playing position.Objective: To study anthropometric characteristics and body composition of forwards, half-liners, backs and goalkeepers of soccer athletes in Yogyakarta.Methods: 60 soccer athletes in Yogyakarta, aged 17 to 32 year were recruited in the study. Body height and weight, shoulder and pelvic breadth, trunk length, and body fat were measured and compared among subjects of different playing positions. Analysis of variance was used as statistical tests to express the difference between anthropometric characteristics and body composition among forwards, half-liners, backs and goalkeepers.Results: The result showed that the goalkeepers had the highest score of average height, weight, shoulder and pelvic breadth, trunk length and body fat. There were significant differences of height, weight and body fat among the four subgroups of soccer athletes.Conclusion: There were similarities of somatotype distributions between Yogyakarta soccer athletes and world soccer athletes.Key words: sport anthropology - soccer athletes - anthropometry - body composition
Identification and test of active protein resemble Ribosomr-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on Kaemferia rotunda Linn Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Statistically data of US Mortality showed that percentage cause of the death of the cancer is in second place after the heart diseases. Indonesia, Java especially Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the data of The Dr. Sardjito hospital showed that the patients of cancer was increasing in the last year. Indonesian, especially Javanese, uses white turmeric to prevent and to treat cancer. There are some varieties of turmeric available commercially such as Curcuma (Cl mangga Val & Jijp, C. zeodaria and Kaemferia (K) rotunda Linn. The studies showed that C. mangga contain proteins compound that resembles Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) which have activity to cleave supercoiled DNA. In vitro study indicated that the addition of crude extract of C. mangga on cancer cell-lines (B-LCL, EBV cells and Raji cell-lines) and normal lymphocytes, the percentage of cytotoxic effect on those cancer cell-lines were higher significantly than normal cells.Objective: The aim of the study was to know the presence of RIPs activity in K. rotunda Linn by the ability of the RIPs in cleaving the supercoiled DNA.Methods: The rhizomes of K. rotunda Linn that was in part dried at 40°C. Both wet and dried rhizomes are pounded and then extracted. The resulting crude extract was precipitated to obtain its protein fraction. The crude extract and protein with various concentrations were incubated with the supercoiled DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to test its activity in cleaving the supercoiled DNA. The activity test was done by observing 3 criterions, viz. the thinning of the supercoiled DNA, the circular band thickening and the appearance of the linear band which were subsequently compared to the plasmid DNA without treatment.Result: The results showed that both crude extracts and proteins of both wet and dried samples were able to cleave supercoiled DNA into circular and linear form. The increasing concentrations of the crude extract and the protein resulted in increasing the activity which was indicated by the thickening of circular band and the appearance of the linear band .Conclusion: Kaemferia rotunda contains proteins compound that resemble Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).which have ability to cleave supercoiled DNA to be circular and linear DNA.Key words: ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) - supercoiled DNA - circular DNA - linear DNA - Kaemferia rotunda Linn

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