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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 51   52   53   54   55 
The role of amniocentesis in genetic anomaly detection Ibnu Pranoto, Ibnu Pranoto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 23, No 02 (1991)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Since the beginning of the Landsteiner era, genetics has been developing tremendously. Genetics now is used in genetic counselling, genetic screening and in the management of genetic disorders or diseases due to the fast technological development during the last two decades.Amniocentesis, one of the products of this technological development, is indeed valuable, as it can detect any chromosomal abnormality of the fetus in utero, thus genetic defects among babies, can be prevented.By taking 10-20 ml of amniotic fluid during 14-16 weeks of gestation by amniocen tesis, disposed fetal cells in the fluid can be immediately cultured. After 2-3 weeks, chromosomal analysis can be undertaken to make its karyotype. Other than the above benefit, amniocentesis can also be used for detection of any biochemical abnormality of the fetus, thus early prevention of biochemical disorders among babies can be done.With the application of amniocentesis as one of the diagnostic tools which continuously improves, its benefits help human beings in the prevention of birth defects and in counselling couples who are expecting healthy babies in their marriage.To extend the beneficial aspect of amniocentesis to grass-root level, improvement of knowledge and skills of amniocentesis of practicians is mandatory.Key Words: amniocentesis - amniotic cell culture - chromosomal analysis - genetic counselling -prevention of birth defects
Icterus Neonatorum Akibat Gangguan Metabolisme Karbohidrat Dalam Eritrosit Abdul Salam M. Sofro, Abdul Salam M. Sofro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 12, No 01 (1980)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Neonatal jaundice is not uncommonly found in newborn infants during the first few days of life. Usually the jaundice is mild. However, in a relatively small number of cases, the jaundice would progressively increase. Hyperbilirubinemia is observed in this clinical situation.In general it may be said that hyperbilirubinemia is due either to excessive erythrocyte breakdown which results in an increase of indirect reacting bilirubin in the blood, or to the failure of conversion of indirect reacting bilirubin to the direct reacting bilirubin.It has been known that carbohydrate metabolism is the constant source of metabolic power which is required by the human red cell in order to survive in the circulation and maintain its function. Metabolic defects in the red cells may result in premature ageing of the erythrocytes and consequently hemolysis and hyperbilirubinemia occur.Key Wards: neonatal jaundice - hyperbilirubinemia - erythrocyte breakdown - indirect reacting bilirubin - direct reacting bilirubin
False positive and specificity of anti-HIV-1 EL/SA kit : features, causative factors, and its confirmatory test Suwarso, Suwarso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

As screening tool for HIV-1 infection, anti HIV-1 ELISA kit with high sensitivity was proved to be very efficient. Because of its high sensitivity, the use of the kit to screen HIV-1 infection in low risk individuals or in seroprevalence study in population of non-endemic area will reduce its specificity. Therefore, there will be many false positive results which, in turn, will give psychosocial and economical impact to the individuals In question. To evaluate false positive results and specificity of anti HIV-1 kit, 1028 normal individuals with low risk of HIV-1 infection were studied. All positive results from HIV-1 ELISA kit confirmed with confirmative ELISA and Western-blot analysis. The results showed that HIV-1 ELISA kit gave false positive results of 1.17% and specificity of 98,38%. Ninety one point seven percent of false positive results had low-ODs ( 2 ODBP) and poor reproducibility value (8,3%). Seventy five percent of these false positive were from individuals aged 1-15 years and not related to gender as well as socioeconomical status. The probable causes of false positive results are endogenous factors in sera samples such as alteration of density of sera during storage, the presence of anti-granulocyte, anti-HLA, antibody to cultured lymphocyte h9/lllb, and polyclonal hyperglobulinemia. Confirmatory ELISA with antigen control had the same sensitivity and specificity as Western-blot. Therefore, ELISA with antigen control can be used for confirmation test of positive or questionable results obtained from anti HIV-1 ELISA. The kit is cheaper and faster, and is very practical to use, especially in laboratories equipped with ELISA system.Key Word : anti-HIV-1 ELISA - specificity - false positive - confirmatory ELISA - Western-blot.
Sindroma Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Ahmad Yusuf Aliridha, Ahmad Yusuf Aliridha
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 17, No 03 (1985)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A 10-year old Javanese boy suffering from Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, myopia, polydactily, obesity, hypogenitalism and mental retardation has been reported. Family history showed that one of his brothers had also the same abnormalities, while his two other brothers as well as his parents were perfectly normal. The possibility of the transmission of this disease was X -linked recessive. For this patient, a comprehensive management by ophthalmologists, paediatricians, psychiatrists and surgeons was necessary. Special education was needed to handle his mental retardation and his visual disturbances, and genetic counseling was necessary for the patient and his family. Key Words: Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome - X-linked recessive gene - genetic counseling - retinitis pigmentosa - myopia
Drug use study for acute respiratory infection in children under 10 years of age Iwan Dwiprahasto, Iwan Dwiprahasto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 04 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the commonest illness in children and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many developing countries. It comprises approximately 50 % of all illness in children under five years. Even though usually viral in origin and of a self-limiting nature, various study indicate that antibiotic prescribing for ARI is inappropriately high.Objective: This study was aimed to assess general practitioners (GPs) prescribing pattern for acute respiratory infection in children seen in private practices.Method: This study is carried out in a cross sectional study design. Participants were GPs and pharmacies in Yogyakarta Special Province. Data on patient and measure of respiratory rate were obtained from GPs office and data on prescribing were searched at all pharmacies in the province. Result: All pharmacies and 92.27% of GPs participated in the study. The average number of drug item prescribed for children with ARI was 3.74. The most widely used drugs for ARI were antibiotics followed by paracetamol, ibuprofen, chlorpheniramine maleate, phenobarbital, vitamin-C, dextromethorphan, glyceryl guaiacolate, dexamethasone, prednisone, vitamin-B6, ephedrine HCI, vitamin BI, and vitamin B2. Medication error was commonly found in the study. More than 60% children with ARI received drugs in either overdose (27.51%) or under dose (41.12%). Wrong preparation were detected in 24.07% prescriptions. It was also found that more than one fifth of children with ARI received drugs in wrong frequency of administration. Risk predictor for prescribing antibiotics were fever, abnormal respiratory rate, and duration of common cold symptom of more than 2 days.Conclusion: ARI in children was often treated unnecessarily. Medication error was also commonly found in the treatment of children with ARI visiting GPs. Physicians must be encouraged to improve their prescribing practices by always catching up with current best research evidence. Key words: acute respiratory infection - inappropriate prescribing - medication error - general practitioners - emergence of resistance
Insidensi streptococcus beta-haemolyt cus pada anak dengan pharyngitis A. Samik Wahab, A. Samik Wahab
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 03 (1977)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Pharynx-swabs using filter paper strip method were done on children with pharyngitis, and 3,8% positive Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus group A and 4,8% positive non-group A werefound.Clinical manifestations were: fever (100%), hyperaemic pharynx with exudate 54%, without exudate 46% and with cough 27%. Blood examinations were done on 40 positive cases of which 60% showed leucocytosis.Months with a high incidence were: January — February 27%, May — June 36% and September — October 27%.
Uji Lapangan Skala Kecil Tentang Pengaruh Kahut Panas Chlorpyrifos Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Anopheles aconitus Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 01 (1988)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Kasumbogo Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DI-IF) and malaria are two major diseases of public health importance in Java, and other areas of Indonesia. Chemical insecticides are still the main weapon in the control of the disease vectors particularly in epidemic situations. In case of malaria vector control, mainly in Java, one of the problems encountered in the field is the development of highly resistant strain of Anopheles aconitus to DDT. Efforts should be taken, therefore, to find a better and more effective insecticide for controlling the vector.Clorpyrifos (Lorsban *180 EC) at doses of 100 ml/ha, 200 ml/ha. and 300 ml/ha applied as thermal fog was proved to be highly effective for controlling Aedes aegypti and An. aconitus mosquitoes, equal to that of malathion at the dose of 438 ml/ha..Considering the effectiveness and efficiency of the control, the recommended dose of chlorpyri - fos for two species of mosquitoes is 100 ml/ha.Key Words: thermal fog — chlorpyrifos — malathion — Aedes aegypti — Anopheles
Antioxidant activity of mengkudu fruit juice (Morinda citrifolia) and the role as an inhibitor of advanced glycation and products (AGES) by glycosilation reaction Eko Suhartono, Eko Suhartono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 01 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Mengkudu is a traditional plant with active compound that has antioxidant activity. Diabetes mellitus complication has causative link with AGEs formation that involves free radical. Objective: To know antioxidant activity of mengkudu and the role to inhibit AGEs formation. Methods: This experiment used pre and post test control group design. Antioxidant activity was deter-minedby reacting the mengkudu juice with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazin (DNPH) and analyzed with spectro-photometer a.=390 nm. AGEs absorbancy was measured every 48 hours until 20 days with spectropho-tometer ?=340 nm. Dicarbonyl level was determined with DNPH method that was developed by Uchida and modified by Sadikin.Result: Antioxidant activity of 0.25 g/ml mengkudu juice (Morinda citrifolia) was 125.46±27.79%.Beside that, mengkudu juice can inhibit advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation.Conclusion: Mengkudu juice can decrease AGEs formation and has antioxidant activity. Key words: antioxidant - mengkudu juice - AGEs - glycosilation 
PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN TERHADAP KEMUNGKINAN ADANYAA KEKURANGAN THIAMIN YANG SUBKLINIS Siti Dawiesah Ismadi, Siti Dawiesah Ismadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 8, No 02 (1976)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

kata kunci : kekurangan thiamin
Carcinoma anaplastika nasopharynx Soetarjo Tjokromihardjo, Soetarjo Tjokromihardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 5, No 03 (1973)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

keywords: nasopharynx, tumor ganas

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