Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.
Articles
2,901 Documents
Probabilistic load flow based voltage stability assessment of solar power integration into power grids
Rehiara, Adelhard Beni;
Bawan, Elias Kondorura;
Palintin, Antonius Duma;
Wihyawari, Bibiana Rosalina;
Setiawan Paisey, Fourys Yudo;
Pasalli, Yulianus Rombe
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 4: August 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i4.5651
The interconnection of renewable energies increases the complexity of modern power systems. Hence, stability assessments should be made to ensure the system’s stability after penetration. Solar power is a type of renewable energy that has become a widespread energy source among renewable energy sources. About 1 MWp of the solar power plant has been prepared to be interconnected to the IEEE 8 bus of Manokwari grid, and this paper investigates the voltage profile, power losses, and stability of the solar power plant penetration using an adaptive kernel density estimator (AKDE) and compares it to a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS)-based probabilistic load flow (PLF). About 5000 samples have been used to test the grid after the connection. Results of simulations show that the solar penetration can reduce power losses from 0.4084 MW to 0.3080 MW and 0.3045 MW by the proposed method and MCS method, respectively, and further increase the bus voltage profile. The power network has the stability to be connected to solar power, as indicated by the small stability index values of each bus. The proposed method using the AKDE method has a more accurate result in stability indices indicated by small fast voltage stability index (FVSI), line stability index (Lmn), and line stability factor (LQP) indices.
Enhancing performance of slotted ALOHA protocol for IoT covered by constellation low-earth orbit satellites
Chabou, Zakaria;
Addaim, Adnane;
Ait Madi, Abdessalam
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 6: December 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i6.8158
Recently, constellation of satellites has drawn a lot of interest from academia and industry as potential solution for extensive coverage of wide range of internet of things (IoT). In this work, IoT devices was assumed to be covered by constellation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites where the medium access control (MAC) technique called slotted ALOHA is employed. In this article, we use a constellation of satellites to reduce the collision domain and enhancing performance in order to obtain maximum results. We have carried out some modeling and simulations to optimize the number of satellites with different erasure probabilities with respect to IoT devices in order to enhance throughput and stability of slotted ALOHA protocol using the network simulator 2 (NS2). The numerical results have shown an improvement in terms of throughput and stability. And the simulation of the same system using NS2 is conducted and shows a good correlation with the theoretical study. Where the throughput reached 0.82% instead of 0.52%. Our findings offer proof that this method helps to use large number of IoT, and reduce collisions compared to conventional slotted ALOHA.
Design and development of photovoltaic solar system based single phase seven level inverter
Govindaraj, Vijayakumar;
Mayakrishnan, Sujith;
Venkatarajan, Shanmugasundaram;
Raman, Raja;
Sundar, Ramesh
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i1.5168
For solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, an upgraded triple gain seven-level inverter that works both independently and while connected to the grid is proposed. The two-stage configuration of the system is boost cascaded. The first stage has a one switch improved gain converter (OSIGC) to increase and normalize the input direct current (DC) voltage, and the second stage includes a unique seven level alternating current (AC) is produced via a multilevel inverter (MLI) design with triple voltage gain. The proposed OSIGC is appropriate for a broad range of conversions. The voltage gain in MLI was achieved using switched capacitor techniques. The DC-DC converter can achieve a maximum voltage gain of twelve and the MLI can achieve a maximum voltage gain of three, resulting in a DC-DC-AC voltage that can reach 36. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique based on modified perturb and observe (PO) is used in OSIGC to maximise PV module power utilisation, and MLI control utilises sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) realistically. For the purpose of analysing the suggested system, a 200 Watt prototype statel is created. With a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 0.181%, up to 92.12% of the converter system’s overall efficiency is possible.
Autonomous vehicle tracking control for a curved trajectory
Hasan, Hasnawiya;
Samman, Faizal Arya;
Anshar, Muh;
Sadjad, Rhiza S.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 3: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i3.6060
Recently, research about trajectory tracking of autonomous vehicles has significantly contributed to the development of autonomous vehicle technology, particularly with novel control methods. However, tracking a curved trajectory is still a challenge for autonomous vehicles. This research proposes a state feedback linearization with observer feedback to overcome some difficulties arising from such a path. This approach suits a complex nonlinear system such as an autonomous vehicle. This method also has been compared with the linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) method. So, the goal of this research is to improve the control system performance of autonomous vehicles that are stable enough to navigate a curved path. Moreover, the study shows that the developed control law can track the curved path and solve existing problems. However, improvements are still necessary for the vehicle's performance and robustness.
Change detection using multispectral satellite images: a systematic review of literature
Vasantrao, Chafle Pratiksha;
Gupta, Neha;
Mishra, Anoop Kumar;
Bhavekar, Girish S.;
Gupta, Madhav Kumar
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 4: August 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i4.5966
Change detection (CD) provides information about the changes on earth’s surface over a period of time. Many algorithms have been proposed over the years for effective CD of satellite imagery. This paper presents the steps to preprocess the captured satellite images, which can be used to perform predictive analysis of earth’s surface by CD techniques. To design a highly effective system for CD, it is recommended that algorithm designers select efficient algorithms from any given application. Thus, this paper presents and investigates the review of most appropriate literature on CD, where CD techniques have been presented into three groups; i) thresholding, ii) clustering, and iii) deep learning. The first two categories mainly rely on the traditional machine learning, whereas the last one exploits the state-of-the-art deep learning models. At the end, the standard methods are summarized based on advantages, limitation, and research gap.
Multispectral imaging and deep learning for oil palm fruit bunch ripeness detection
Shiddiq, Minarni;
Saktioto, Saktioto;
Salambue, Roni;
Wardana, Fiqra;
Dasta, Vicky Vernando;
Harmailil, Ihsan Okta;
Rabin, Mohammed Fisal;
Arpyanti, Nisa;
Wahyudi, Dilham
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 6: December 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i6.8120
Oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) are the raw material of crude palm oil (CPO) on which ripeness levels of FFBs are essential to obtain good quality CPO. Most palm oil mills use experienced graders to evaluate FFB ripeness levels. Researchers have developed rapid and non-destructive methods for ripeness detection using computer vision (CV) and deep learning. However, most of the experiments used color cameras, such as a webcam or a smartphone, limited to visible wavelengths, and used still FFBs on–trees or on the ground. This study developed a light-emitting diode (LED)-based multispectral imaging system with deep learning for rapid and real-time ripeness detection of oil palm FFBs on a moving conveyor. The ripeness levels used were unripe and ripe. We also evaluated the spectrum of reflectance intensities for the ripeness levels. The ripeness detection system employed a two-class you only look once version 4 (YOLOv4) detection model using a dataset of 2000 annotated unripe and ripe FFB multispectral images and a video of 30 moving FFBs for real-time testing. The results show a promising method to detect oil palm FFB ripeness with an average accuracy of 99.66% and a speed range of 3.32-3.62 frame per second (FPS).
Definite time over-current protection on transmission line using MATLAB/Simulink
Taha, Taha A.;
Zaynal, Hussein I.;
T. Hussain, Abadal-Salam;
Desa, Hazry;
Taha, Faris Hassan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 2: April 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i2.5301
This paper has investigated the application of the definite time over-current (DTOC) which reacts to protect the breaker from damage during the occurrence of over-current in the transmission lines. After a distance relay, this kind of over-current relay is utilized as backup protection. The overcurrent relay will provide a signal after a predetermined amount of time delay, and the breaker will trip if the distance relay does not detect a line failure. As a result, this over-current relay functions with a time delay that is just slightly longer than the combined working times of the distance relay and the breaker. This DTOC is tested for various types of faults which are 3- phase fault occurring at load 1, 3-phase fault occurring at load 2, a 3-phase fault occurring before primary protection, and the behaviour of voltage and current with a failed primary protection. All the results will be obtained using the MATLAB/Simulink software package.
Cross-project software defect prediction through multiple learning
Zakariyau Bala, Yahaya;
Abdul Samat, Pathiah;
Yatim Sharif, Khaironi;
Manshor, Noridayu
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 3: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i3.5258
Cross-project defect prediction is a method that predicts defects in one software project by using the historical record of another software project. Due to distribution differences and the weak classifier used to build the prediction model, this method has poor prediction performance. Cross-project defect prediction may perform better if distribution differences are reduced, and an appropriate individual classifier is chosen. However, the prediction performance of individual classifiers may be affected in some way by their weaknesses. As a result, in order to boost the accuracy of cross-project defect prediction predictions, this study proposed a strategy that makes use of multiple classifiers and selects attributes that are similar to one another. The proposed method's efficacy was tested using the Relink and AEEEM datasets in an experiment. The findings of the experiments demonstrated that the proposed method produces superior outcomes. To further validate the method, we employed the Wilcoxon sum rank test at 95% significance level. The approach was found to perform significantly better than the baseline methods.
XSSer: hybrid deep learning for enhanced cross-site scripting detection
Odeh, Ammar;
Abu Taleb, Anas
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 5: October 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i5.7905
The importance of an effective cross-site scripting (XSS) detection system cannot be overstated in web security. XSS attacks continue to be a prevalent and severe threat to web applications, making the need for robust detection systems more crucial than ever. This paper introduced a hybrid model that leverages deep learning algorithms, combining recurrent neural network (RNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures. Our hybrid RNN-CNN model emerged as the top performer in our evaluation, demonstrating outstanding performance across key metrics. It achieved an impressive accuracy of 96.74%, excelling inaccurate predictions. Notably, the precision score reached an impressive 97.78%, highlighting its precision in identifying positive instances while minimizing false positives. Furthermore, the model's recall score of 95.65% showcased its ability to capture a substantial portion of true positive instances. This resulted in an exceptional F1-Score of 96.70, underlining the model's remarkable balance between precision and recall. Compared to other models in the evaluation, our proposed model unequivocally demonstrated its leadership, emphasizing its excellence in detecting potential XSS vulnerabilities within web content.
Ultrasonic sensor decision-making algorithm for mobile robot motion in maze environment
Khaleel, Hind Zuhair;
Oleiwi, Bashra Kadhim
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i1.6560
An autonomous mobile robot is one that can move from one location to another without the intervention of a human. A maze environment is a complex environment since it contains many obstacles and the major problem is moving through it. To avoid obstacles while moving through the maze, the mobile robot must be designed with an algorithm. This work proposes a decision-making system with an ultrasonic sensor to allow the developed autonomous mobile robot to avoid obstacles in any maze setting through its movements. The maze was designed with a size of 100×200 cm2 for the case study. Due to the height dimension of the barrier (20 cm) and the height dimension of the mobile robot including the ultrasonic sensor (20 cm), a distance of 20 cm was taken between the wall (obstacle) and the sensor. The result distance between the (wood wall) object and the sensor indicates that it is a reasonable distance chosen for the mobile robot to move and turn with flexibility as it travels through the maze environment from 0 cm to 300 cm. This mobile robot path took 1 minute to finish at a speed of 5 cm/sec, indicating that it is a quick algorithm as compared with related work.