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Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA" : 20 Documents clear
NARRATION AND DISCOURSE OF BHINNEKA TUNGGAL IKA IN INDONESIAN REVISED HISTORY TEXTBOOK: A HISTORY DIDACTICS APPROACH Djono, Djono; Joebagio, Hermanu
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.15311

Abstract

The presented research depicts the narration and discourse of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika in the history subject. By using history didactic approach, this research focuses on two dimensions of analysis: (1) the narration and discourse of the history textbook and (2) teachers’ interpretation as well as objectification towards the discourse of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika in the history textbook. The Socio-cognitive discourse analysis was used as the research method and attitude. The corpus of analysis was the revised edition of the compulsory history textbook published by The Republic of Indonesia’s Ministry of Education and Culture, and the research participants are 15 teachers of Senior High Schools in Surakarta. The remarkable finding of this research is the unequal position between unity and diversity. This research exposes that the textbook posits the narration and discourse of unity above the sense of diversity. These narrations and discourse are confirmed by the most of research participants in which they tend to articulate the importance of unity and integration in their interpretation. Following this interpretation, the teachers’ objectification is postulated in some attitudes such as patriotic, mutual-cooperation, and solidarity, led to the ideology of nationalism. The authors highlighted the unequal position between unity and diversity as the crucial problem in the textbook narration and discourse that, in certain degrees, could become a latent problem for the national integration, such as minority intolerance and annihilation.Keywords: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, history textbook, unity above diversity Penelitian ini menggambarkan narasi dan wacana Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dalam mata pelajaran sejarah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan didaktik sejarah, penelitian ini berfokus pada dua dimensi analisis: (1) narasi dan wacana buku teks sejarah dan (2) interpretasi guru serta objektifikasi terhadap wacana Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dalam buku teks sejarah. Analisis wacana sosial-kognitif digunakan sebagai metode dan sikap penelitian. Analisis teks menggunakan edisi revisi dari buku teks sejarah wajib yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, dan peserta penelitian adalah 15 guru Sekolah Menengah Atas di Surakarta. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah posisi yang tidak setara antara persatuan dan keanekaragaman. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa buku teks menempatkan narasi dan wacana persatuan di atas rasa keberagaman. Narasi dan wacana ini dikonfirmasi oleh sebagian besar peserta penelitian di mana mereka cenderung mengartikulasikan pentingnya persatuan dan integrasi dalam interpretasi mereka. Setelah interpretasi ini, objektifikasi guru dipostulatkan dalam beberapa sikap seperti patriotik, gotong royong, dan solidaritas, mengarah pada ideologi nasionalisme. Para penulis menyoroti posisi yang tidak setara antara persatuan dan keragaman sebagai masalah krusial dalam narasi dan wacana buku teks yang, dalam derajat tertentu, bisa menjadi masalah laten bagi integrasi nasional, seperti intoleransi minoritas dan pemusnahan.Kata kunci: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, buku teks sejarah, kesatuan di atas keanekaragaman 
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN: AWARENESS OF HISTORY, RELIGIOUS VALUES AND MULTIETHNIC UNDERSTANDING WITH TOLERANCE ATTITUDE Nurasiah, Nurasiah; Azis, Abdul; Munira, Widia
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.14861

Abstract

This research used descriptive method Correlation Ex Post Facto (CEPF). Participants in this research were 177 students from SMA Negeri department Banda Aceh. The author found the main problem of intolerance that is the low social behavior, attitudes individualistic, until the crisis of harmonization within individualistic students. Based on these problems, the authors designed a strategy in tackling the crisis of intolerance on students through the stages of correlation analysis Ex Post Facto (CEPF). The phases include test partial correlation analysis, simple regression and multiple regression. The results showed that: (1) there is a significant positive relationship between the sense of history with an attitude tolerance of students; (2) there is a significant positive relationship between religious values with tolerance of high school students  ; (3) there is a significant positive relationship between the understanding of multi-ethnic tolerance students; and (4) are jointly relationship between awareness of history, religious values and understanding of multi-ethnic tolerance with students. Based on the results of the study, authors state that the increased tolerance due to the high contribution of awareness of history, religious values and understanding of the multi-ethnic students through socialization in the process of teaching history.Keywords: Awareness of History, Religious Values, Multi-Ethnic Understanding, Tolerance Attitude Students. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif Correlation Ex Post Facto (CEPF). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 177 siswa dari depertement SMA Negeri Banda Aceh. Penulis menemukan masalah utama intoleransi yaitu rendahnya prilaku sosial, sikap individualistik, hingga krisis harmonisasi dalam diri individualistik siswa. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut penulis merancang strategi dalam menanggulangi krisis sikap intoleransi pada diri siswa melalui tahapan analisis korelasi Ex Post Facto (CEPF), dengan tahapan meliputi uji analisis korelasi parsial, regresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Penulis menyajikan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kesadaran sejarah dengan sikap Toleransi siswa SMA N Banda Aceh; (2) terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara religious values dengan sikap toleransi siswa SMA N Banda Aceh; (3) terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara pemahaman multi-etnis dengan sikap toleransi siswa SMA N Banda Aceh; dan (4) terdapat hubungan secara bersama antara kesadaran sejarah, religious values dan pemahaman multi-etnis dengan sikap toleransi siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis menyatakan bahwa, peningkatan sikap toleransi disebabkan oleh tingginya sumbangan kesadaran sejarah, religious values dan pemahaman multi-etnis siswa melalui sosialisasi dalam proses pembelajaran sejarah.Kata Kunci: Kesadaran Sejarah, Religious Values, Pemahaman Multi-Etnis, Sikap Toleransi Siswa. 
TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD: THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE PEOPLE OF TEGAL IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY Utami, C. Santi Muji
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.18611

Abstract

During the colonial government, the emergence of an industrial sector in economic system cannot be separated from the desire to meet the needs of international commodities. Non-agricultural economic activities occupied by Tegal rural communities were grown and developed, especially those related to world markets. The purpose of this study is to uncover the industrial dynamics of the Tegal people, social conditions of the people in it, the synergy of the colonial industry with the people's industry. Historical method with the approach of the social sciences used as an analytical tool various conditions in rural areas. The results of the study show that non-agricultural people's economic activities in Tegal, had existed long before the colonial period and grew. Its existence is widely used for colonial interests. While the consideration of the colonial government placing various industries in Tegal is, strategic position, economic infrastructure, regional potential.Keywords: Colonial Government, Synergy, People's Industry Pada masa pemerintah kolonial, munculnya suatu sistem perekonomian sektor industri tidak bisa dilepaskan dari keinginan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan komoditas dunia internasional. Kegiatan ekonomi non pertanian, yang telah ditekuni oleh masyarakat pedesaan Tegal semakin ditumbuhkan, khususnya yang terkait dengan pasar dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengungkap dinamika industri rakyat Tegal, kondisi sosial masyarakat di dalamnya, sinergitas industri kolonial dengan industri rakyat. Metode historis dengan pendekatan ilmu-ilmu sosial, dipakai sebagai alat analisis berbagai kondisi di wilayah pedesaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekonomi rakyat non pertanian di Tegal, telah ada jauh sebelum masa kolonial dan tumbuh. Keberadaannya banyak  dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan kolonial. Sementara itu pertimbangan pemerintah kolonial menempatkan berbagai industri di Tegal adalah,  posisi yang strategis, infrastruktur ekonomi, potensi wilayah.Kata Kunci:  Pemerintah Kolonial, Sinergitas, Industri Rakyat    
THE MEDIA AND SOCIO-POLITICAL CHANGE: A SNAPSHOT OF NORTH AFRICA AND GHANA’S CASE Adu-Gyamfi, Samuel; Amakye-Boateng, Kwasi; Oware, Richard
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.15604

Abstract

The mass media is a very useful tool to educate, to inform and to entertain. However, recent studies have shown that the media in whatever form has contributed immensely to bring about both social and political change in respective communities across the globe and Africa in particular. The case of Ghana has been presented from the different tangents by different authors. Significantly, this contribution pays attention to the role of the press (media) as well as the digital media in ensuring effective social and political change. In the first instance, this looks at the role of the media from the past to present and juxtaposes that with recent developments in Ghana and other African Countries. Attention is also paid to the role of the media in the respective elections in Ghana.Keywords: Press, Mass Media, Politics, Democracy, Transitions, Political Development, Social Development Media massa adalah alat yang sangat berguna untuk mendidik, menginformasikan, dan menghibur. Namun, penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa media dalam bentuk apa pun telah berkontribusi besar untuk membawa perubahan sosial dan politik di komunitas masing-masing di seluruh dunia dan Afrika pada khususnya. Kasus Ghana telah disajikan dari berbagai garis singgung oleh penulis yang berbeda. Secara signifikan, kontribusi ini memperhatikan peran pers (media) serta media digital dalam memastikan perubahan sosial dan politik yang efektif. Dalam contoh pertama, ini terlihat pada peran media dari masa lalu hingga sekarang dan menyandingkan bahwa dengan perkembangan terakhir di Ghana dan negara-negara Afrika lainnya. Perhatian juga diberikan pada peran media dalam pemilihan masing-masing di Ghana.Kata kunci: Pers, Media Massa, Politik,   Demokrasi, Transisi, Perkembangan Politik, Pembangunan Sosial 
LOCAL ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN ISLAMIZATION IN BANYUMAS Priyadi, Sugeng
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.18612

Abstract

In the writing of Islamic-history-themed local history, especially for the Islamic missionary, there is only a small number found, including in Banyumas. Oral tradition and historical sources in the folklore form are found abundantly in the Banyumas Residency in the form of local chronicles. Sheikh Jambu Karang and Prince Mahdum Husen were the oldest Islamic religious leaders who lived in the pre-Demak period or Sundanese kingdom, while PrinceWali Prakosa, Prince Mahdum Cahyana, Prince Mahdum Wali, Prince Senapati Mangkubumi I, and Wirakencana played their roles in Islamizing people in Demak era. Meanwhile, Ki Ageng Gumelem was the Islamic religious leader in the Mataram era. Local legitimacy stated that Sheikh Jambu Karang embraced Islam by a friend of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), named Prince Attasangin. Prince Wali Prakosa was legitimized as a local Islamic religious leader who participated in building the Great Mosque of Demak, even he was the maker of the Saka tatal. Prince Senapati Mangkubumi, according to the text of Babad Pasir, also helped in building the Great Mosque of Demak and Islamized residents in the inland of East Java and West Java.Keywords: Islamic history, oral tradition, folklore, local Islamic religious leaders, legitimacy  Dalam penulisan sejarah lokal bertema sejarah Islam, khususnya bagi misionaris Islam, hanya ada sejumlah kecil yang ditemukan, termasuk di Banyumas. Tradisi lisan dan sumber sejarah dalam bentuk cerita rakyat banyak ditemukan di Kediaman Banyumas dalam bentuk kronik lokal. Sheikh Jambu Karang dan Pangeran Mahdum Husen adalah pemimpin agama Islam tertua yang hidup di masa pra-Demak atau kerajaan Sunda, sementara Pangeran Wali Prakosa, Pangeran Mahdum Cahyana, Pangeran Mahdum Wali, Pangeran Senapati Mangkubumi I, dan Wirakencana memainkan peran mereka dalam mengislamkan orang-orang di era Demak. Sementara itu, Ki Ageng Gumelem adalah pemimpin agama Islam di era Mataram. Legitimasi lokal menyatakan bahwa Syekh Jambu Karang memeluk Islam oleh seorang teman Nabi Muhammad SAW, bernama Pangeran Attasangin. Pangeran Wali Prakosa dilegitimasi sebagai pemimpin agama Islam setempat yang berpartisipasi dalam membangun Masjid Agung Demak, bahkan ia adalah pembuat Saka tatal. Pangeran Senapati Mangkubumi, menurut teks Babad Pasir, juga membantu membangun Masjid Agung Demak dan penduduk yang terislamisasi di pedalaman Jawa Timur dan Jawa Barat.Kata kunci: Sejarah Islam, tradisi lisan, cerita rakyat, tokoh agama Islam setempat, legitimasi 
THE IMPORTANCE OF GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN UNDERSTANDING THE PRE-MODERN ERA AT SOUTHEAST SUMATRA COAST Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Dhont, Frank; Subekti, Slamet; Rochwulaningsih,, Yety; Hartatik, Endah Sri; Masruroh, Noor Naelil
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.17436

Abstract

This article re-examines the importance of geomorphological analysis in order to provide more comprehensive explanation of various historical events, especially in the coastal area of Southeast Sumatra, Indonesia. Many historical sources regarding this region need a deeper interpretation related to the geomorphological dynamics of this region as well as the Strait of Malacca. Comprehensive analysis of this element will prevent an anachronistic story of the past. Many historians of Indonesia and the Malacca Strait region have erroneously tended to narrate events that occurred in the early first millennium or more than 1500 years ago based on the contemporary maps. It is important for historians to be aware of the fact that geologically and geographically the coastal area of Southeast Sumatra and the Strait of Malacca region have undergone very rapid geomorphological changes. In fact, there were many kingdoms in Southeast Asia that emerged and developed before the dominance of Sriwijaya, located in the west cost of Sumatra and the coastal parts of Java.Keywords: Geomorphological Analysis; Strait of Malacca; Maritime History; Southeast Sumatra Coast; Anachronistic History. Artikel ini mengkaji kembali pentingnya analisis geomorfologi untuk memberikan penjelasan yang lebih komprehensif tentang berbagai peristiwa bersejarah, terutama di wilayah pesisir Sumatera Tenggara, Indonesia. Banyak sumber sejarah mengenai wilayah ini membutuhkan interpretasi yang lebih dalam terkait dengan dinamika geomorfologi wilayah ini serta Selat Malaka. Analisis komprehensif dari elemen ini akan mencegah cerita anakronistik masa lalu. Banyak sejarawan Indonesia dan wilayah Selat Malaka telah cenderung untuk menceritakan peristiwa yang terjadi pada awal milenium pertama atau lebih dari 1500 tahun yang lalu berdasarkan peta kontemporer. Pen-ting bagi para sejarawan untuk menyadari fakta bahwa secara geologis dan geografis wilayah pesisir Sumatera Tenggara dan Selat Malaka telah mengalami perubahan geomorfologi yang sangat cepat. Bahkan, ada banyak kerajaan di Asia Tenggara yang muncul dan berkembang sebelum dominasi Sriwijaya, yang terletak di bagian barat Sumatera dan bagian pesisir Jawa.Kata kunci: Analisis Geomorfologi; Selat Malaka; Sejarah Maritim; Pantai Sumatra Tenggara; Sejarah anakronistik.  
TEACHING HISTORICAL EMPATHY TROUGH REFLECTIVE LEARNING Utami, Indah Wahyu Puji
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.11479

Abstract

History does not only teach about certain facts or events that occurred in the past but also teaches about empathy since it emphasizes every aspect of human life. Students could learn about historical empathy trough reflective learning. This research explains teaching historical empathy trough reflective learning, especially teaching social history course. This research was conducted by a qualitative method using a case study design. The researcher collected the data through observation and documentation taken during the Social History Course in the 2016/2017 academic year. Those collected data were then analyzed using a Miles and Huberman interactive model. Based on this research, reflective learning is a model that can be used to teach historical empathy. The role of a lecturer is necessary to promote historical empathy, especially in helping students to make an affective connection to the past.Keywords: empathy, social history, reflective learning Sejarah tidak hanya mengajarkan tentang fakta atau peristiwa tertentu yang terjadi di masa lalu tetapi juga mengajarkan tentang empati karena itu menekankan setiap aspek kehidupan manusia. Siswa dapat belajar tentang empati sejarah melalui pembelajaran reflektif. Penelitian ini menjelaskan pengajaran empati sejarah melalui pembelajaran reflektif, terutama mengajar kursus sejarah sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif menggunakan desain studi kasus. Peneliti mengumpulkan data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi yang diambil selama Kursus Sejarah Sosial di tahun akademik 2016/2017. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, pembelajaran reflektif adalah model yang dapat digunakan untuk mengajarkan empati sejarah. Peran seorang dosen diperlukan untuk meningkatkan empati sejarah, terutama dalam membantu siswa untuk membuat hubungan afektif dengan masa lalu. Kata kunci: empati, sejarah sosial, pembelajaran reflektif  
THE INDONESIAN TEACHERS’ DILEMMAS FROM COLONIAL TO REFORMASI ERA: NON-PERMANENT TEACHERS’ WELFARE AND STATUS ISSUES Ngabiyanto, Ngabiyanto; Kameo, Daniel D.; Ismanto, Bambang; Wiloso, Pamerdi Giri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.18613

Abstract

 This article begins with the historiographic condition of teacher and teacher education which are still rare in demand in Indonesia. The purpose of this article is to describe historically the condition of teacher education, teacher welfare, and teacher status in Indonesia since the Dutch East Indies era to the Reformation era. The sources of the data for this paper are mostly from documents concerning on teacher policies in the past. Oral sources are also used as the complement to the research data. The important findings in this research are (i) there were differences in teacher education between the Dutch East Indies era and independence era that in the colonial era, teacher welfare and status were guaranteed by the government, but the education was still exclusive and very difficult to access by Bumiputera; (ii) teachers in the Japanese colonial era functioned as a means to make Japan win in the Greater East Asia war, welfare was not taken into account; and (iii) during the independence era, the improvement of the teacher status and welfare until reformation era was still becoming a perpetual problem, one of which fulfilled the public discourse was the problem of non-permanent teachers. Historical factors should be considered in managing teacher education and teacher as profession. Therefore, teachers must be seen as historical objects which can enrich Indonesian historiography.Keywords: historiography of teacher, teachers’ welfare, teachers’ dilemma, non-permanent teacher. Artikel ini berangkat dari kondisi historiografi guru dan pendidikan keguruan yang masih jarang diminati di Indonesia. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah mendeskripsikan secara historis kondisi pendidikan keguruan, kesejahteraan, dan status guru di Indonesia sejak masa Hindia Belanda hingga Reformasi. Sumber data tulisan ini lebih banyak berasal dari dokumen-dokumen seputar kebijakan tentang guru di masa lalu. Digunakan pula sumber lisan sebagai pelengkap data penelitian. Temuan penting penelitian ini adalah (1) terdapat perbedaan pendidikan keguruan sejak masa Hindia Belanda hingga kemerdekaan, pada masa kolonial, masalah status dan kesejahteraan guru telah dijamin oleh pemerintah, namun pendidikan masih bersifat eksklusif dan sangat sulit diakses oleh kalangan Bumiputera; (2) guru di masa Jepang berfungsi sebagai alat untuk memenangkan Jepang di dalam perang Asia Timur Raya, masalah kesejahteraan tidak terlalu diperhitungkan; dan (3) pada masa kemerdekaan, perbaikan status dan kesejahteraan guru hingga reformasi masih menjadi masalah yang tidak kunjung selesai, salah satu yang memenuhi dikursus publik adalah masalah guru honorer. Faktor historis harusnya dipertimbangkan dalam mengelola pendidikan keguruan dan profesi guru. Oleh sebab itu, guru harus dipandang sebagai objek sejarah yang dapat memperkaya historiografi Indonesia.Kata kunci: historiograi guru, kesejahteraan guru, permasalahan guru, guru tidak tetap 
AGRARIAN REFORM AS A NATIONALISM ISSUE FROM COLONIAL TO REFORMASI ERA Kaligis, Retor AW
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.13633

Abstract

Agrarian reform has always been regarded as a communism-related issue in Indonesia as it is often associated with the one-side action BTI (Indonesian Farmers' Union)/ PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) in the first mid of 1960s. The stigma is still attached to this present time. Whereas, agrarian reform is actually a policy that relates with various ideologies to reach different objectives. The step to conduct agrarian reform has been started since 1926 when Perhimpunan Indonesia (PI) or Indonesian Association, an organization led by Mohammad Hatta in the Netherland created the land restructured program as a part of Indonesian independence plan. In 1948, Mohammad Hatta as the Prime Minister prepared a draft of National Agrarian Law. The target was only then achieved 12 years later through the legalization of the Principal Law of Agrarian of 1960. This study employed a historical comparative study to explore the agrarian reform in Indonesia postcolonial country as a nationalism-related issue used to strengthen the national sovereignty and to improve the life of the citizens.Keyword: agrarian reform, nationalism, colonialism, post-colonial era. Reformasi agraria selalu dianggap sebagai masalah yang berkaitan dengan komunisme di Indonesia karena sering dikaitkan dengan aksi satu sisi BTI (Barisan Tani Indonesia) / PKI (Partai Komunis Indonesia) pada per-tengahan 1960-an. Stigma masih melekat pada saat ini. Padahal, reforma agraria sebenarnya adalah kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan berbagai ideologi untuk mencapai tujuan yang berbeda. Langkah untuk melakukan reformasi agraria telah dimulai sejak 1926 ketika Perhimpunan Indonesia (PI), sebuah organisasi yang dipimpin oleh Mohammad Hatta di Belanda menciptakan program restrukturisasi tanah sebagai bagian dari rencana kemerdekaan Indonesia. Pada tahun 1948, Mohammad Hatta sebagai Perdana Menteri menyiapkan rancangan UU Agraria Nasional. Target tersebut baru tercapai 12 tahun kemudian melalui legalisasi Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria tahun 1960. Studi ini menggunakan studi perbandingan historis untuk mengeksplorasi reformasi agraria di Indonesia pascakolonial sebagai isu terkait nasionalisme yang digunakan untuk memperkuat kedaulatan nasional dan untuk meningkatkan kehidupan warga.Kata kunci: reformasi agraria, nasionalisme, kolonialisme, era pasca-kolonial.  
BOEKHANDEL TAN KHOEN SWIE KEDIRI: THE AGENT OF JAVANESE CULTURE Wisnu, Wisnu
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i1.14523

Abstract

This paper reveals the way Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie Kediri, as an agent of Javanese culture, run his publishing house during amidst both the colonial government and Indonesian government, spreading Javanese culture to the society in Java and throughout Indonesia. The history of this publishing house is interesting in which it is interrelated with three different policies from three different types of government ideology. This research which means searching, criticizing, interpreting, and arranging the sources in the form of historical writing. This research also applied Gidden’s theory of structuration to clarify the position of Tan Khoen as a publishing agent. The discussion on the structure of the literary society, which consisted of the representatives from the government, authors, publishers, and readers becomes an integral part of the study. This study concludes both the government and private publishers had an intention to educate people although Tan Khoen Swie did not tied its theme on the existing system. However structurally, the existence Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie were bounded by the authors, other publishers, and readers. The seasons for publishing Javanese culture books because the books contained noble culture, which needs to be disseminated, the legitimation of Javanese writers, and promising market prospect. The success of Tan Khoen Swie business lies in its ability to build networking among authors, publishers, and readers or bookstores. The books published in his business spread across Indonesia. He served both as a cultural broker and as an agent of Javanese culture.Keywords: Tan Khoen Swie, Javanese culture, Boekhandel, colonial period. Makalah ini mengungkap cara Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie Kediri, sebagai agen budaya Jawa, yang mengelola rumah penerbitannya di tengah-tengah pemerintah kolonial dan pemerintah Indonesia, menyebarkan budaya Jawa kepada masyarakat di Jawa dan di seluruh Indonesia. Sejarah penerbit ini menarik karena terkait dengan tiga kebijakan berbeda dari tiga jenis ideologi pemerintah. Penelitian ini yang berarti mencari, mengkritik, menafsirkan, dan mengatur sumber-sumber dalam bentuk penulisan sejarah. Penelitian ini juga menerapkan teori strukturasi Gidden untuk memperjelas posisi Tan Khoen sebagai agen penerbitan. Diskusi tentang struktur masyarakat sastra, yang terdiri dari perwakilan dari pemerintah, penulis, penerbit, dan pembaca menjadi bagian integral dari penelitian ini. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemerintah dan penerbit swasta memiliki niat untuk mendidik orang-orang meskipun Tan Khoen Swie tidak mengikat temanya pada sistem yang ada. Namun secara struktural, keberadaan Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie dibatasi oleh penulis, penerbit lain, dan pembaca. Musim untuk menerbitkan buku-buku budaya Jawa karena buku-buku itu berisi budaya mulia, yang perlu disebarluaskan, legitimasi penulis Jawa, dan prospek pasar yang menjanjikan. Keberhasilan bisnis Tan Khoen Swie terletak pada kemampuannya membangun jejaring di antara penulis, penerbit, dan pembaca atau toko buku. Buku-buku yang diterbitkan dalam bisnisnya tersebar di seluruh Indonesia. Ia melayani baik sebagai perantara budaya dan sebagai agen budaya Jawa.Kata kunci: Tan Khoen Swie, budaya Jawa, Boekhandel, masa kolonial.  

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