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Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 742 Documents
 17   18   19   20   21 
MASS EDUCATION: ELITE’S CITIZENSHIP PROJECT AND THE MAKING OF PUBLIC INTELLECTUALITY IN EARLY INDEPENDENT INDONESIA SUWIGNYO, AGUS
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 27, No 2 (2017): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v27i2.8919

Abstract

This paper examines the government policy on ‘mass education’ (pendidikan masyarakat)      during the Indonesian state formation of the 1950s. The mass education program was launched by the government as a medium for the making of citizenship. The aim was to improve the people’s knowledge and consciousness of becoming citizens. The program was thus an instrument of nation-state building. Today, in the post-Reformasi era, as identity politics is strengthening to result in the crisis of shared citizenship, a discussion on the mass education program re-gains a relevance. Using the concept of public intellectual, this paper argues that the mass education program of the 1950s was an effective medium for the making of citizenship because it enhanced participatory engagement between the elite and the people. However, the program also reflected the policy makers’ strategies for disseminating Pancasila, the state ideology, thus promulgating the elite’s ideologization of the people. Artikel ini mengkaji kebijakan pemerintah tentang pendidikan masyarakat dalam periode awal pembentukan negara Republik Indonesia pada dekade 1950an. Program pendidikan masyarakat diluncurkan oleh pemerintah sebagai medium untuk membentuk sikap kewargaan. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran rakyat tentang ‘bagai-mana menjadi warga negara’. Program ini dengan demikian merupakan instrumen pembangunan negara (state building). Pada era pasca-Reformasi saat ini ketika politik identitas kembali menguat sebagai krisis atas sikap kewargaan, diskusi tentang program pendidikan masyarakat tahun 1950an memperoleh konteks relevansinya kembali. Menggunakan konsep ‘intelektual publik’, artikel ini menegaskan bahwa program pendidikan masyarakat tahun 1950an menjadi medium efektif bagi pembentukan sikap kewargaan karena prog-ram tersebut memacu keterlibatan dan keterhubungan antara kaum elit dan rakyat. Namun, program pendidikan masyarakat tahun 1950an juga mencerminkan strategi para pengambil kebijakan tentang cara menjabarkan Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara, dan karena itu program tersebut mencerminkan proses ideologisasi yang dilakukan oleh elit penguasa atas cara berpikir dan cara bersikap warga negara. 
INDUSTRIALISASI DAN EKSISTENSI KOTA LANGSA PADA ERA KOLONIAL, 1907-1942 Muhajir, Ahmad; Yuliati, Dewi; Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 27, No 1 (2017): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v27i1.7320

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the existence of Langsa as a colonial city during the first half of the 20th century, which focused on development of capitalism in industrial sector and its relation with establishment of this city. Colonial government had to developed capitalism through industrialization and to accommodated the private interests. East Aceh previously had a traditional economic-base on pepper agriculture but this was devastated by war and then replaced by capitalism. Industrialization was implemented by the Dutch on transportation, communication, public services and rubber plantation industries. Then the private capitalists were dominated the rubber plantation and petroleum mining industries. Industrialization was the determinant factor of the growth of Langsa as the colonial city and impacted the major changes and development of urban space. Since 1907, Langsa became the third largest city in Aceh until the end of the Dutch colonialism in 1942. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji eksistensi Langsa sebagai kota kolonial pada paruh pertama abad ke-20, yang difokuskan pada perkembangan kapitalisme di sektor industri dan hubungannya dengan pembangunan kota tersebut. Pemerintah kolonial didorong untuk mengembangkan kapitalisme melalui industrialisasi untuk mengakomodir kepentingan kapitalis swasta. Dahulu Aceh Timur memiliki basis ekonomi tradisional pada pertanian lada namun hancur akibat perang dan kemudian digantikan oleh kapitalisme. Industrialisasi diimplementasikan oleh Belanda pada industri jasa transportasi, komunikasi, layanan umum dan perkebunan karet. Kemudian industri perkebunan karet dan pertambangan minyak bumi didominasi oleh kapitalis swasta. Industrialisasi merupakan faktor determinan pertumbuhan Langsa sebagai kota kolonial dan berdampak pada perubahan besar dan perkembangan ruang kota. Hanya satu dasawarsa (1907-1917), Langsa telah menjadi kota ketiga terbesar di Aceh hingga akhir kolonialisme Belanda pada tahun 1942. 
THE HIGHWAY AND ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT A HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICAL KNOTS AT THE NORTH COASTAL OF JAVA (PANTURA) IN 1930S - 1980S Hartatik, Endah Sri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13243

Abstract

This article analyze the relationship between Pantura (the north coastal) highway in Central Java and the economy development society in those areas at the Dutch Colonial era. The Dutch Colonial on the land transportation, especially in highway could open an opportunity for the development of industries sector. In the north coastal of Java, some cities emerged, such as Semarang, Pekalongan and Kudus. Those industrial cities became a magnet for urban people to appear. They came to those cities for venturing as industrial laborers, construction workers, blue-collar workers, such as housemaids, porters in terminal, market and harbor. The better highway, the increase of factory production, and the provided workers led the cities from Tegal to Semarang being the developed cities which never slept for 24 hours because they were a main road of goods transportation from the producers to the consumers. Thus, this condition caused an adequate high mobility in the areas. Artikel ini menganalisis hubungan antara jalan raya Pantura (pesisir utara) di Jawa Tengah dan masyarakat pengembangan ekonomi di daerah-daerah di era Kolonial Belanda. Kolonial Belanda pada transportasi darat, terutama di jalan raya bisa membuka peluang bagi pengembangan sektor industri. Di pesisir utara Jawa, beberapa kota muncul, seperti Semarang, Pekalongan dan Kudus. Kota-kota industri tersebut menjadi magnet bagi masyarakat urban untuk tampil. Mereka datang ke kota-kota tersebut untuk menjelajah sebagai buruh industri, pekerja konstruksi, pekerja kerah biru, seperti pembantu rumah tangga, kuli di terminal, pasar dan pelabuhan. Jalan raya yang lebih baik, peningkatan produksi pabrik, dan pekerja yang diberikan membawa kota-kota dari Tegal ke Semarang menjadi kota maju yang tidak pernah tidur selama 24 jam karena merupakan jalur utama transportasi barang dari produsen ke konsumen. Dengan demikian, kondisi ini menyebabkan mobilitas tinggi memadai di daerah. 
THE PROCESS OF INDONESIAN NATION STATE FORMATION, 1901-1998 Nasution, Nasution
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.12795

Abstract

This article has analyzed the long process of Indonesian Nation State Formation, namely from the Dutch Colonial Period to New Order Era of the 1980s and 1990s. The article argues that the concept of nationhood remained very fluid for long time but gradually it started to shape after the introduction of western education to the natives in the Dutch Colonial era and it took the final shape in New Order Era. The complexity of the nation-state formation was due to the region consists of many ethnics, cultures, languages, religions, and political parties. Their national identity started from the ethnicity awareness which took shape in the Dutch Colonial Era. During the Japanese occupation era the Nation State Formation of Indonesia was put into action as Kurasawa said that they had been prepared the independence of Indonesian nation. In Sukarno era, Indonesia was still ideologically divided into some international ideologies such as Communism, Islamism, and the secular national ideology. The peak of the rivals is the breaking of Indonesian Communist Party uprising in 1965. A major change took place with the fall of Sukarno’s regime which was replaced by General Suharto. Suharto called the Sukarno era as the old order regime and called his regime as New Order. The stability of Indonesian National formation was restored with ban on the International Ideology such as Communism, forcing the Moslem militancy and using National Ideology (Pancasila) as the ones of National Ideology.  Artikel ini telah menganalisis proses panjang Pembentukan Negara Bangsa Indonesia, yaitu dari Masa Kolonial Belanda ke Era Orde Baru tahun 1980-an dan 1990-an. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa konsep kebangsaan tetap sangat cair untuk waktu yang lama tetapi secara bertahap mulai terbentuk setelah pengenalan pendidikan barat untuk pribumi di era Kolonial Belanda dan mengambil bentuk akhir di Era Orde Baru. Kompleksitas pembentukan negara-bangsa adalah karena wilayah ini terdiri dari banyak suku, budaya, bahasa, agama, dan partai politik. Identitas nasional mereka dimulai dari kesadaran etnis yang terbentuk di Era Kolonial Belanda. Selama era pendudukan Jepang, formasi Negara Bangsa Indonesia dilaksanakan sebagai Kurasawa mengatakan bahwa mereka telah mempersiapkan kemerdekaan bangsa Indonesia. Di era Soekarno, Indonesia masih secara ideologis dibagi menjadi beberapa ideologi internasional seperti Komunisme, Islamisme, dan ideologi nasional sekuler. Puncak saingan adalah pecahnya pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia pada tahun 1965. Perubahan besar terjadi dengan jatuhnya rejim Sukarno yang digantikan oleh Jenderal Suharto. Suharto menyebut era Soekarno sebagai rezim orde lama dan menyebut rejimnya sebagai Orde Baru. Stabilitas formasi Nasional Indonesia dipulihkan dengan larangan Ideologi Internasional seperti Komunisme, memaksa militansi Islam dan menggunakan Ideologi Nasional (Pancasila) sebagai Ideologi Nasional. 
ALGEMENE MIDDELBARE SCHOOL SOLO 1925-1932: PORTRAIT OF THE FIRST MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN INDONESIA Priyatmoko, Heri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.16205

Abstract

Six decades ago, Muhammad Yamin with some other scholars actualized the dream of “indigenization” of Indonesian historiography in the Indonesian National Historical Seminar I. Yamin obtained the knowledge about Nusantara history when he attended Algemene Middelbare School (AMS) Solo in section A1, Oostersch Letterkundige (Eastern Letter) class. Under the care of Dr. W.F. Stutterheim, archaeologist, AMS students were taught about Indonesian culture. In here, students’ perspective was broadened with the point of views of Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism since they were taught about Indonesian culture that formed from a mixed element of Islam, Hindu, and Buddhist culture. Not to forget, they also studied Javanese and Malay literature with Raden Tumenggung Yasawidagda. In the era of 1926, it is recorded that this school had more than 100 students. They came from Ambon, Batak, Padang, Aceh, Betawi, Priyangan, Madura, Sumatra, Bali, and Central Java, as well as Chinese and Dutch people. That historical fact shown that AMS Solo was the favorite school at that moment, at least was heard until outside Java. This first school in Indonesia that taught multicultural education produced many magnates at a later time like Dr. Prijono, Dr. Tjan Tjoe Siem, Armijn Pane, Amir Hamzah, Ahdiat K. Mihardja, Prof. Mr. Kusumadi, Prof. Ali Afandi, etc. This paper aims to discuss the learning model in AMS Solo based on cultural diversity, profiles of great teachers in AMS who had produced many national figures, as well as the response of Dutch colonial government and indigenous kingdom. Enam dekade silam, Muhammad Yamin bersama kaum cerdik pandai lainnya mewujudkan impian “pribumisasi” historiografi Indonesia dalam forum Seminar Sejarah Nasional Indonesia I. Pengetahuan tentang sejarah Nusantara diperoleh Yamin tatkala duduk di Algemmene Middelbare School (AMS) Solo. Di sini pula, perspektif siswa diperluas dengan pandangan dari sudut Islam, Hindu, dan Buddha lantaran mereka dicekoki kebudayaan Indonesia yang terbentuk dari percampuran antara unsur budaya Islam, Hindu, dan Buddha. Tidak lupa mempelajari juga kesusasteraan Jawa dan Melayu dengan guru Raden Tumenggung Yasawidagda. Pada era 1926, tercatat sekolahan ini sudah memperoleh murid lebih dari 100 orang. Mereka berasal dari Ambon, Batak, Padang, Aceh, Betawi, Priyangan, Madura, Sumatra, Bali, dan Jawa bagian tengah, serta kelompok Tionghoa dan Belanda. Fakta historis tersebut menujukkan bahwa AMS Solo merupakan sekolah favorit kala itu, setidaknya terdengar sampai ke luar Jawa. Sekolah pertama di Indonesia yang mengajarkan pendidikan multikultural ini melahirkan banyak tokoh terkemuka di kemudian hari seperti Dr. Prijono, Dr Tjan Tjoe Siem, Armijn Pane, Amir Hamzah, Ahdiat K. Mihardja, Prof. Mr. Kusumadi, Prof. Ali Afandi dan lainnya. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan model pembelajaran di AMS Solo yang berbasis keragaman budaya, profil para guru hebat di AMS yang berhasil menelurkan sederet tokoh bangsa, serta respon pemerintah kolonial Belanda dan kerajaan pribumi. 
THE PROBLEM OF MALARIA AND ITS ERADICATION IN THE EXTREME SALIENT OF JAVA DURING THE DUTCH COLONIAL ERA Nawiyanto, Nawiyanto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.14139

Abstract

The extreme salient of Java has often been described as ‘malarious land’ and ‘unheathy region’. Although it had a great consequences on the people’s conditions of health and socio-economy, the problem of malaria has rarely been well-understood and fairly-treated in the existing historical studies. This paper is expected to fill in the existing gap in our knowledge on the issues. By using the available historical sources, the paper seeks to elaborate the problem of malaria and its eradication efforts in the extreme salient of  Java during the Dutch colonial era. The major objectives of the paper are to examine the seriousness of malaria problem existing in the region and its causes, and to elaborate the ways in which the problem of malaria was contained by the colonial authorities. It is argued that there was a significant progress in the fight against malaria and the understanding of the malaria causes and the chosen methods of eradication reflected both scientific advances and economic considerations. Kawasan ujung timur Jawa sering digambarkan sebagai 'tanah malaria' dan 'wilayah yang tidak sehat'. Meskipun mempunyai konsekuensi besar pada kondisi kesehatan dan sosial ekonomi masyarakat, masalah ini jarang dipahami dengan baik dan dibahas secara memadai dalam studi sejarah yang ada. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat mengisi kesenjangan yang ada dalam pengetahuan kita tentang isu-isu tersebut. Dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber sejarah yang tersedia, tulisan ini berusaha menguraikan problem malaria dan upaya-upaya pemberantasannya di ujung timur Jawa pada masa penjajahan Belanda. Tujuan utama tulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji keseriusan masalah malaria dan sebab-sebabnya  di wilayah tersebut dan menguraikan cara-cara di mana masalah ini diupayakan pemecahannya oleh otoritas kolonial. Diargumentasikan bahwa ada kemajuan yang signifikan dalam perang melawan malaria dan pemahaman tentang penyebab malaria dan metode yang dipilih untuk pemberantasan mencerminkan baik kemajuan ilmiah maupun pertimbangan ekonomi. 
A STUDY ON THE DEMOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE OF PRE-MODERN TIMES IN SRI LANKA Sewwandi, A.K.C
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.16202

Abstract

The core of this study is to examine the scientific community structure of the pre-modern era of the Sri Lankan society. While this study will be focused only on the migration of people of the Indian and South–East Asian origins to the Western and South-Western regions of Sri Lanka during the specified time period, how the influence of those migrations was reflected on the Sri Lankan architecture of the same period will also be examined. The simultaneous decline of the Rajarata Civilization that lasted for thousands of years uninterrupted and the acceleration of settlements in the Western and the South-Western regions of Sri Lanka in  the 13th century was an outcome of the people who left Rajarata fearing the invasion of  the Kalinga Magha, one of the reasons behind the discontinuation of the Rajarate Administrative System, as well as some regional leaders in Maya and Rohana not supporting the Magha and acting as independent leaders. Inti dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memeriksa struktur komunitas ilmiah dari era pra-modern masyarakat Sri Lanka. Meskipun studi ini hanya akan difokuskan pada migrasi penduduk India dan Asia Tenggara ke daerah Barat dan Selatan-Barat Sri Lanka selama periode waktu tertentu, bagaimana pengaruh migrasi tersebut tercermin pada Sri Lanka. Arsitektur periode yang sama juga akan diperiksa. Kemunduran simultan Peradaban Rajarata yang berlangsung selama ribuan tahun tanpa gangguan dan percepatan pemukiman di wilayah Barat dan Selatan-Barat Sri Lanka pada abad ke-13 adalah hasil dari orang-orang yang meninggalkan Rajarata karena takut akan invasi Kalinga. Magha, salah satu alasan di balik penghentian Sistem Administrasi Rajarate, serta beberapa pemimpin regional di Maya dan Rohana tidak mendukung Magha dan bertindak sebagai pemimpin independen. 
THE RELEVANCE OF HISTORY IN THE GENERAL STUDIES PROGRAM OF UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Akeem, Oladiti Abiodun
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.16206

Abstract

This paper examines the relevance of the discipline of the history to the study of science and Technology in Nigeria. It interrogates how historical memories have shaped the discipline of science with respect to innovation, creativity and technological advancement for the progress of human society. Studying the historical biographies of scientists and the contributions of Africans to the understanding of science in the General studies program has helped to initiate and to develop critical thinking and inquiry on the possibility of improving untapped areas for technological advancement. The teaching of important memorable scientific achievement of the past has helped to shape the understanding of the present challenges. The paper concludes that the historical knowledge of science and technology of human society in Nigeria is a necessity to achieving positive development for human existence. Makalah ini meneliti relevansi disiplin sejarah untuk mempelajari ilmu dan teknologi di Nigeria. Di dalamnya dianalisis bagaimana kenangan sejarah telah membentuk disiplin ilmu sehubungan dengan inovasi, kreativitas dan kemajuan teknologi untuk kemajuan masyarakat manusia. Mempelajari riwayat biografi para ilmuwan dan kontribusi orang Afrika untuk memahami sains dalam program studi umum telah membantu untuk memulai dan mengembangkan pemikiran kritis dan penyelidikan tentang kemungkinan meningkatkan daerah yang belum dimanfaatkan untuk kemajuan teknologi. Ajaran penting pencapaian ilmiah yang mengesankan dari masa lalu telah membantu membentuk pemahaman tentang tantangan saat ini. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan historis sains dan teknologi masyarakat manusia di Nigeria adalah suatu keharusan untuk mencapai perkembangan positif bagi eksistensi manusia. 
THE INDIS STYLE: THE TRANSFORMATION AND HYBRIDIZATION OF BUILDING CULTURE IN COLONIAL JAVA INDONESIA Sukiman, Djoko; Purwanto, Bambang
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.16203

Abstract

This historical study is focused on Indis style houses and buildings in Java during colonial period. The study discusses the reception and adaptation of Dutch and other cultures together with the local cultures in the transformation and hybridization of Indonesian architectural design production and reproduction. The study concludes that Indis style is a proof for the western inability to avoid the social and cultural influence of the locals, representations of new hybrid identities who want to show themselves as closer to the west and distance from the  indigenous, representation of new identity among those who found a new definite motherland since others consider themselves alien, symbol of modernity for those who were looking for a new social status and justify their existence, and a representation of the history of colonialism itself. Kajian sejarah ini difokuskan pada rumah dan bangunan bergaya Indis di Jawa pada masa kolonial. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan tentang resepsi dan adaptasi budaya Belanda dan budaya lainnya bersama-sama budaya tempatan dalam transformasi dan hibridisasi pada proses produksi dan reproduksi desain arsitektur Indonesia. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa gaya Indis merupakan bukti dari ketidakmampuan Barat untuk menghindar dari pengaruh sosial dan kebudayaan tempatan, representasi dari identitas hibrid baru yang ingin menunjukkan dirinya lebih dekat kepada Barat namun berjarak dari penduduk asli, representas dari identitas baru bagi mereka yang menemukan ibu pertiwi yang baru ketika kelompok lain menganggap mereka sebagai orang asing, simbol modernitas bagi mereka yang sedang mencari status sosial baru serta untuk menjustifikasi keberadaannya, dan sekaligus representasi dari sejarah kolonialisme itu sendiri. 
COAST, LOWLAND, AND HIGHLAND: A GEOGRAPHICAL UNITY IN SUPPORTING THE ECONOMY OF CIREBON FROM XIX-XX CENTURY Arovah, Eva Nur; Lubis, Nina Herlina; Dienaputra, Reiza; Nugrahanto, Widyo
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.14663

Abstract

Since 14th and 15th century, the kingdoms located among the islands of archipelago, including Cirebon, have involved in trading activities among the islands of archipelago or even international. Started from the fall of Majapahit and Demak kingdoms, the northern coastal areas of Java mostly are dominated by the rulers and Moslem traders. In 17th century, by the equal disintegration of traditional politics and taking over of the power of Cirebon Palace by VOC and the system and direction of policy which are made by the Dutch government, the sector-based trade in the coastal area of Cirebon becomes increasingly advanced and widespread. Started from the coastal area, in its development, the developing center trade becomes in hand with the developing of agricultural sectors in the lowlands and plantation in the highlands. By the historical method and structural approach from Fernand Braudel, this research is trying to explain Cirebon’s Geography as a synthesis that plays a role in Cirebon economic activity. No less important, archaeological evidences will be included as an attempt to identify the historical fact. Because in reality, the three regions (coastal area, agriculture and plantation) are a unity of the mutually bounded and have a reciprocal relationship in its contribution to the economic progress of the Dutch. Semenjak abad ke-14 dan ke-15, kerajaan-kerajaan yang terletak di kawasan pesisir Nusantara, termasuk Cirebon, telah terlibat dalam perdagangan antarpulau Nusantara maupun perdagangan antarnegara. Dimulai semenjak runtuhnya Majapahit dan kejayaan Demak, kawasan pantai utara Jawa hampir seluruhnya dikuasai oleh para penguasa dan pedagang muslim. Memasuki abad ke-17, bersamaan dengan disintegrasi politik tradisional dan pengambil-alihan kekuasaan keraton Cirebon oleh VOC serta pola dan arah kebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah Hindia Belanda, sektor perdagangan yang berpusat di kawasan pesisir Cirebon menjadi semakin mengikat dan meluas. Dimulai dari kawasan pesisir, dalam perkembangannya pengembangan pusat perdagangan menjadi beriringan dengan perkembangan pertanian di dataran rendah dan perkebunan di dataran tinggi. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan struktur sebagaimana yang dilakukan Fernand Braudel, penelitian ini mencoba mendeskripsikan geografis Cirebon sebagai sebuah sintesa yang berperan besar dalam kegiatan ekonomi Cirebon. Karena dalam kenyataannya tiga kawasan di atas merupakan suatu kesatuan yang saling terikat dan memiliki hubungan timbal balik dalam sumbanganya terhadap perkembangan ekonomi Hindia Belanda. 

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