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Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 742 Documents
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KRISTALISASI KONDISI SOSIAL, EKONOMI, DAN POLITIK DALAM NOVEL RASA MERDIKA Sulthon, Agus
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5147

Abstract

Rasa Merdika is a novel released in 1924. This novel narrates the people’s misery occured in Dutch- Indies era. The internationalism ideology becomes the alternate undderstanding for people by using poetry as a messenger. In this research, the social, economical and political conditions depicted in the novel will be correlated to the history when the novel is created. using Goldmann's theory, considered having homological relations  with the social structure. Umar Junus takes advantage of it as a story to depict the social-cultural condition of society. Rasa Merdika merupakan novel bacaan liar yang terbit tahun 1924. Novel ini membicarakan tentang penderitaan rakyat yang terjadi di Hindia Belanda. Ideologi internasionalisme menjadi alternatif pemahaman kepada rakyat dengan memanfaatkan sastra sebagai alat penyampai pesan. Dalam penelitian ini, kondisi sosial, ekonomi, dan politik novel akan korelasikan terhadap sejarah saat novel itu diciptakan kemudian menghubungkan konsep keduanya menggunakan teori Goldmann, dianggapnya memiliki keterkaitan homologis dengan struktur sosial (kondisi). 
PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SEJARAH PADA KOMODITAS GARAM RAKYAT: DARI EKSPOR MENJADI IMPOR Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 22, No 1 (2012): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v22i1.1840

Abstract

This paper studies the contradictory phenomenon of people's salt business sector in Indonesia. Observation method, random sampling of statistical data, in-depth interview, and historical method were used to examine this issue. The results showed that indeed there has been a very significant change in people’s salt business in Indonesia which was originally an export commodity, became an import commodity. It was mainly influenced by the government’s regulatory policies. In the Dutch colonial period, the government took the monopolistic policy to make salt as an export commodity by applying a salt monopoly ordinance. The policy was valid until Indonesia gained its independence and was abolished through the Law no. 13/1959, and there was no further policy that protects people's salt business. Thus there was a tendency for an administrational shift from monopolistic to privatization and liberalization which was characterized by the deterioration of government’s role. Key words: salt, government’s policy, monopoly, liberalization.  Artikel ini mendeskripsikan fenomena yang kontradiktif pada sektor usaha garam rakyat di Indonesia. Untuk mengkaji masalah ini digunakan metode observasi, random sampling data statistik, indepth interview, dan metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa memang benar telah terjadi perubahan sangat signifikan pada usaha garam rakyat di Indonesia, yang semula merupakan komoditas ekspor menjadi impor. Hal ini utamanya dipengaruhi oleh regulasi kebijakan pemerintah. Pada masa kolonial Belanda, untuk menjadikan garam sebagai komoditas ekspor ditempuh kebijakan monopoli garam oleh pemerintah dengan menerapkan ordonansi monopoli garam (Zoutmonopolie-Ordonnantie). Ketika Indonesia merdeka kebijakan itu masih berlaku dan baru dihapus melalui UU No. 13/1959, dan selanjutnya tidak pernah ada kebijakan yang memproteksi usaha garam rakyat. Dengan demikian terdapat kecenderungan terjadi pergeseran kebijakan dari monopoli ke arah liberalisasi, yang ditandai semakin kecilnya peran pemerintah dan dominasi swasta. Kata kunci: garam, kebijakan pemerintah, monopoli, liberalisasi.  
MULTIKULTURALISME DI BIMA PADA ABAD X – XVII Sulistyo, Bambang
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i2.3120

Abstract

The authors tend to argue that the history of Bima, in West Nusatenggara  was started  in early 17th century, when Bima development  political relations with South Sulawesi. Hindu civilization in the form of worship in Wadu Paha, be overlooked, was regarded as a foreign culture. Historians tend to argue that Bima before Islam, have animism and dynamism belief. There are tendency rejects reality the Javanese role in history of Bima.This argument is not rational. What is the benefit of foreigner build a place of worship in one community who has different beliefs? This article would reconstruction history of Bima with appreciate the various components of culture that shaped his civilization. Elements of pre- Islamic became an important civilization component; not only animism and dynamism, but also Hindu . It is still apparent as the idealism of Bimanese  in the present.Keywords: multiculturalism, ethnic, BimaPara penulis sejarah Bima berpendapat bahwa awal peradaban Bima dimulai pada abad  17, ketika Bima menjalin hubungan-hubungan politik dengan Sulawesi Selatan. Peradaban Hindu berupa kompeks peribadatan di Wa du Paha, cenderung diabaikan, dianggap sebagai kebudayaan asing. Para sejarawan cenderung berpendapat bahwa Bima sebelum Islam, memiliki kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme. Ada kecenderungan subyektivitas yang menolak peran Jawa dalam  sejarah Bima.  Namun apabila dicermati pendapat  ini tidak rasional. Apa kepentingan orang Asing membangun tempat peribadatan  di suatu komunitas yang memiliki kepercayaan yang berbeda.  Tulisan ini berupaya merenkonstruksi kembali sejarah Bima dengan menempatkan dan menghargai berbagai komponen kebudayaan Bima  yang telah membentuk peradabannya. Unsur-unsur pra Islam menjadi unsure penting peradaban tidak hanya animism dan dinamisme, tetapi juga Hindu. Hal ini masih nampak jelas sebagai idealism orang Bima di masa kini.Kata kunci: multikulturalisme, etnis, Bima  
DARI METOBU HINGGA MEKAMBO: PERTUMBUHAN PEMUKIMAN KOTA KOLAKA PADA ABAD XX Melamba, Basrin
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i1.2497

Abstract

This paper describes the growth of Kolaka city in Bone in XX century. In early XX century, Kolaka became the capital of onderafdeeling Kolaka since 1911. In 1912 indirectly the influence of this policy was the development and repair of city facilities in the form of port medium, warehouse, office of toll and duty, and road network in Kolaka. Those settlement growths in Kolaka affected the economic activity and commerce. The settlement and physical region got much better especially after Dutch government settled the resident settlement with the settlement model following the centripetal roadway pattern with the village (kampung) pattern (o’kambo). The resident settlement pattern also followed the coastline of Mekongga and Bone Bay. Exploiting the nickel mine yielded the urban symptom in the center of area of nickel mining. Key words: growth, settlement, Kolaka city  Makalah ini menjelaskan tentang pertumbuhan Kota Kolaka di Bone pada abad XX. Pada awal abad XX, Kolaka menjadi ibukota daerah setingkat kabupaten (onderafdeeling) Kolaka sejak tahun 1911. Pada tahun 1912 secara tidak langsung pengaruh dari kebijakan ini adalah adanya pengembangan dan perbaikan fasilitas kota dalam bentuk sarana pelabuhan, gudang, kantor tol dan pajak, serta jaringan jalan di Kolaka. Pertumbuhan pemukiman di Kolaka tersebut mempengaruhi kegiatan ekonomi dan perdagangan. Pemukiman dan fisik wilayah menjadi jauh lebih baik terutama setelah Pemerintah Belanda menyelesaikan pemukiman penduduk dengan model pemukiman yang mengikuti pola jalan sentripetal dengan pola kampung (o'kambo). Pola pemukiman penduduk juga mengikuti garis pantai Teluk Mekongga dan Bone. Memanfaatkan tambang nikel juga menghasilkan gejala urban di tengah area pertambangan nikel.Kata kunci: pertumbuhan, pemukiman, kota Kolaka
NIKAH SIRI DI WARUREJO DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH Arsal, Thriwaty; Wahyuni, Ekawati S.; Pandjaitan, Nurmala K.; Hubeis, Aida Vitayala S.
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 25, No 2 (2015): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v25i2.5132

Abstract

Siri Marriage (unofficial marriage) is not a new phenomenon in Indonesia with its all negative impacts. However, in Warurejo village, siri marriage is accepted widely by society particularl actors and siri marriage network.  Siri marriage is a legal activity based on Islam if corresponding with legal requirements of marriag. Location of the research is conducted in  Warurejo village, East Java through qualitative, quantitative and semantics approaches. The result of research shows that siri marriage in Warurejo has been long standing and hereditary since Madura ethnic migrates to Warurejo. Siri marriage initially occurs among migrants, gradually changing and leading to commercialization. Warurejo people cannot predict the exact time when the commercialization of siri marriage applied in Warurejo village, but surely after commercialization occurs, there is a workplace for brokers and clerics. Economy needs sometimes cause the actors ignoring the negative impacts as a result of siri marriage, such as domestic violence, child custody, inheritance, etc. If there is a divorce, it is only delivered by brokers or short messages through mobile phone. Nikah siri bukanlah fenomena baru di Indonesia dengan segala dampak negatifnya. Namun, di Desa Warurejo nikah siri diterima secara luas oleh masyarakat, terutama aktor dan   jaringan nikah siri. Nikah siri merupakan tindakan yang sah menurut agama Islam sepanjang sesuai syarat sahnya pernikahan. Lokasi penelitian di lakukan di desa Warurejo Jawa Timur.dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif dan semantik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nikah siri di Warurejo sudah berlangsung lama dan turun temurun. Sejak etnis Madura melakukan migrasi ke Warurejo. Nikah siri yang awalnya terjadi hanya sesama migran, lambat laun mengalami perubahan dan mengarah ke komersilisasi. Masyarakat Warurejo tidak bisa memperkirakan sejak kapan komersilisasi nikah siri mulai berlaku di Desa Warurejo, namun yang pasti sejak adanya komersilisasi maka sejak itu pula mulai memunculkan  lahan pekerjaan baru bagi para broker dan kyai/modin. Kebutuhan terhadap ekonomi  menyebabkan pelaku terkadang mengabaikan fungsi negatif yang diakibatkan oleh nikah siri, misalnya adanya kekerasan  dalam rumah tangga,  hak asuh anak, waris, dan lain-lain. Jika terjadi perceraian, maka perceraian itu hanya disampaikan melalui broker atau pesan pendek melalui telepon seluler. 
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH BERBASIS SITUS SEJARAH LOKAL DI SMA NEGERI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG Purnamasari, Iin
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v21i2.1040

Abstract

Teaching Learning model is the basis for learning practices that are designed based on the analysis of the implementation of the curriculum and its implications at the operational level in the classroom. There is a conceptual framework that describes a systematic procedure of organizing learning experiences to achieve the learning objectives. History study is a combination of learning and teaching activities that studying past events which closely related to the present. It is expected that the use of historical sources including local historical sites in the study of history, can improve the quality of students learning process which can be seen from the motivation and learning achievement. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that (1) The Development of Teaching learning model of history study based on local history sites can improve the quality of learning (2) local historical sites can be used as one of the effective teaching materials.   Key words: learning history, historical sites, high school   Model Belajar Mengajar adalah dasar dalam praksis pembelajaran yang dirancang berdasarkan analisis pelaksanaan kurikulum dan implikasinya pada tingkat operasional di kelas. Ada kerangka konseptual yang menggambarkan prosedur yang sistematis mengorganisir pengalaman belajar untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Mempelajari sejarah adalah kombinasi dari belajar dan mengajar kegiatan yang mempelajari peristiwa masa lalu yang berkaitan erat dengan saat ini. Diharapkan bahwa penggunaan sumber-sumber sejarah termasuk situs sejarah lokal dalam studi sejarah, dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar siswa yang dapat dilihat dari motivasi dan prestasi belajar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Pengembangan model pembelajaran studi Pengajaran sejarah berdasarkan situs sejarah lokal dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran (2) situs sejarah lokal dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan ajar yang efektif. Kata kunci: belajar sejarah, situs sejarah, SMA  
GERAKAN LINGKUNGAN DI JAWA MASA KOLONIAL Nawiyanto, Nawiyanto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 1 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i1.2862

Abstract

This article discusses the genesis of the environmental movement in Java during the Dutch colonial era. A number of studies voicing the importance of environmental protection and environment-related local wisdoms have appeared. But, little has been done to uncover the question of how the environmental movement developed and consolidated itself in Java. The neglect of environmental movement dimension causes a failure to transform cultural wisdoms and academic findings into powerful corrective force, useless like “weapon without soldier”. By emplyoing a historical method, this article aims at elaborating the genesis of environmental movement in Java, issues that were taken into focus in the movement and its real achievments  during the Dutch colonial era. The argument is built on the basis of Dutch historical material sources in various forms especially archival materials, official and organisational publications, and complemetarily supported with relevant secondary sources. It is argued that the environmental movement in Java had European/Dutch elite as its major agent, evolved in line with the development of Western interests and understanding of colony functions in economic and non-economic terms, and made concret achievements in legal, orgsnizational-administrative, and practical terms. Key words: environmental movement, colonial era, JavaSejumlah kajian yang menyuarakan pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan dan nilai-nilai kearifan  lokal terkait lingkungan memang banyak dihasilkan. Akan tetapi kajian-kajian yang ada belum secara sistematis mengkaji bagaimana gerakan lingkungan muncul dan mengonsolidasi diri termasuk di Jawa. Diabaikannya dimensi gerakan lingkungan membuat nilai-nilai kearifan budaya dan temuan-temuan akademis terkait lingkungan bagai “senjata tanpa tentara”. Melalui penggunaan metode sejarah, tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji munculnya gerakan lingkungan di Jawa,  isu-isu yang menjadi fokus perhatian  dan capaian-capaian yang diraih gerakan lingkungan di Jawa pada masa kolonial. Argumentasi tulisan dibangun dengan memanfaatkan terutama sumber-sumber Belanda dalam beragam rupa termasuk arsip, publikasi resmi dan organisasi. Diargumentasikan bahwa gerakan lingkungan di Jawa pada masa kolonial memperlihatkan elite Eropa/Belanda sebagai agensinya, berevolusi seiring dengan perkembangan kepentingan dan pemahaman Barat atas fungsi koloni secara ekonomi dan non-ekonomi, serta mempunyai capaian-capaian konkret dalam aspek legal, organisatoris-administratif, dan praktis. Kata kunci:  gerakan lingkungan, masa kolonial, Jawa, 
PUJA CARU PADA MASYARAKAT JAWA KUNA Santiko, Hariani
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v21i2.1034

Abstract

The offering known as caru or macaru is still done in Bali. This macaru in Bali is actually blood sacrifice offered to the lords of the demonds (bebutan or butabala) before the Balinese doing a special ritual for instance the Nyepi ceremony. The most important caru is called “caru mancasanak”, they sacrifice animals and other ingredients. The word caru is known in Old-Javanese inscriptions and Old-Javanese/Middle-Javanese texts among others are the Adiparwa, Rāmāyana, Sutasoma, Korawasrama, Calon Arang. However no special explanation on the meaning of the word caru and its rituals.   Keywords: pūjā caru, ambhūtayajña, buburpēhan, pindapitryājña, kunda, homayajña, skul-dinyun.   Korban yang dikenal sebagai caru atau macaru masih dilakukan di Bali. Hal ini macaru di Bali sebenarnya darah pengorbanan yang ditawarkan kepada raja butha (bebutan atau butabala) sebelum Bali melakukan ritual khusus misalnya upacara Nyepi. Yang paling penting adalah caru disebut "caru mancasanak", mereka mengorbankan hewan dan bahan lainnya. Kata caru dikenal di prasasti Jawa kuno dan karya sastra Jawa Kuno/Jawa Tengah antara lain adalah Adiparwa, Ramayana, Sutasoma, Korawasrama, Calon Arang. Namun tidak ada penjelasan khusus arti kata caru dan ritualnya. kata kunci: pūjā caru, ambhūtayajña, buburpēhan, pindapitryājña, Kunda, homayajña, skul-dinyun.  
MODERNIZING TRADITIONAL MEDICINES IN JAVA: REGULATIONS, PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS Nawiyanto, Nawiyanto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 2 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i2.7175

Abstract

Traditional medicine (jamu) in Indonesia is continuously transforming due to a number of factors including the growing presence of the biomedical system promoted by the government and drug manufacturers, the requirement of more standardized and scientifically-proven medicinal products, and the declining popularity of herbal medicine among the young generation. Traditional medicines producers need to adjust continuously to the changing environment. This article seeks to examine these transformations by taking Java as its focus of attention. There are two major reasons for this choice. First, the island of Java is home for many traditional medicines producers, both small-scale, home-based industries and large-scale, company-based industries. Second, the largest proportion of the users of traditional medicines and distribution networks are also found in the island. The major questions the article seeks to address are: (1) what regulations have been set in place by the state authorities with regard to the production and distribution of traditional medicines in Java? How do the producers and the related partied respond the regulations?; (2) what efforts have been made by the producers of traditional medicines to accept modernization challenges and to improve the performance of their products; (3) how traditional medicines circulate and what are their distribution networks? Obat tradisional (jamu) di Indonesia terus berubah karena sejumlah faktor termasuk semakin tumbuhnya kehadirani sistem biomedis dipromosikan oleh pemerintah dan produsen obat, kebutuhan akan produk obat yang lebih standar dan terbukti secara ilmiah, dan menurunnya popularitas jamu di kalangan generasi muda. Produsen obat tradisional produsen perlu menyesuaikan terus menerus terhadap lingkungan yang berubah. Artikel ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji transformasi ini dengan mengambil Jawa sebagai fokus perhatian. Ada dua alasan utama untuk pilihan ini. Pertama, pulau Jawa adalah tempat bagi banyak produsen obat-obatan tradisional, baik skala kecil, industri rumahan dan skala besar, industri berbasis perusahaan. Kedua, proporsi terbesar dari para pengguna obat-obatan tradisional dan jaringan distribusi juga ditemukan di pulau ini. Pertanyaan-pertanyaan utama yang hendak dijawab dalam artikel ini adalah: (1) peraturan apakah yang telah ditetapkan oleh otoritas negara yang berkaitan dengan produksi dan distribusi obat-obatan tradisional di Jawa? Bagaimana respons produsen dan pihak terkait terhadap peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku?; (2) upaya apakah yang telah dilakukan oleh produsen obat tradisional untuk menjawab tantangan modernisasi dan untuk meningkatkan kinerja produk mereka; (3) bagaimana obat tradisional beredar dan apa jaringan distribusinya? 
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN SEJARAH MELALUI PENDEKATAN INKUIRI Putro, Hery Porda Nugroho
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 22, No 2 (2012): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v22i2.2121

Abstract

The objectives of this research are to produce an inquiry model as a way to increase the history material comprehension and history consciousness of students in teaching and learning history. To achieve the objectives, the research was done by using the approach of research and development. In general, this research consists or three levels: (1) doing a pre-survey which identified the current condition of teaching and learning history, (2) developing a model based on the findings of pre-survey, (3) validating the model. Developing the model was done by limited experiments and unlimited experiments. The result of this research showed that that the inquiry model is effective to increase the material comprehension and history consciousness of students, it is relevant to be used in teaching and learning history, and effective to improve the performance of history teachers. Therefore, it can be concluded that the inquiry model is effective to be used to improve the quality of the process and products of teaching and learning history in junior high schools, especially in Banjarmasin City. Key Words: a model of teaching, inquiry, history consciousnessPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa model inkuiri dalam rangka meningkatkan pemahaman materi dan kesadaran sejarah dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan. Secara garis besar tahapan penelitian ini meliputi (1) prasurvai untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi pembelajaran sejarah yang sedang berjalan, (2) pengembangan model berdasarkan hasil prasurvai, dan  (3) validasi model. Pengembangan model dilaksanakan dengan uji coba terbatas dan uji coba luas. Temuan penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa model inkuiri efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman materi dan kesadaran sejarah siswa, relevan digunakan dalam pembelajaran sejarah, efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model inkuiri efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses dan produk pembelajaran sejarah di sekolah menengah pertama khususnya di kota Banjarmasin. Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran, inkuiri, kesadaran sejarah  

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