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Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 742 Documents
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UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGATASI HAMBATAN PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH PADA KTSP DI SMP NEGERI 39 SEMARANG Hidayah, Lukluk Alfi
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 20, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v20i2.1052

Abstract

Application of KTSP is expected to ward off the perception of learning history that is felt very boring and less meaningful. Based on the results of research carried out in SMP Negeri 39 Semarang, it shows that the curriculum encourages teachers to improve their creativity by having the ability to plan learning according to curriculum. Teacher’s creativity can also be seen from how he/she overcomes learning problems in a one and a half hour of history class. On of the problem is student’s boredom making teacher cut the learning hour to 40 minutes. Second, problem related to the lack of media, such as pictures of history, atlas and proper KTSP books. So far, teacher use books relevant to KRSP, accompanied by some efforts which are very useful in understanding student learning history. The minimum limit that must be achieved is 65 and it has relatively been achieved.   Keywords: KTSP, learning barriers, history  Penerapan KTSP diharapkan untuk menangkal persepsi belajar sejarah yang dirasakan sangat membosankan dan kurang bermakna. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di SMP Negeri 39 Semarang bahwa kurikulum mendorong guru untuk meningkatkan kreativitas mereka dengan memiliki kemampuan untuk merencanakan pembelajaran sesuai dengan kurikulum, kreativitas guru juga dapat dilihat dari pelaksanaan dalam mengatasi hambatan belajar yang sekitar satu sejaah jam pelajaran siswa sangat memberatkan, pelajaran guru berusaha mengurangi jam hingga 40 menit, kedua kendala dalam hal media minim, dengan media mengubah gambar sejarah, Atlas, untuk buku KTSP yang sesuai, sejauh ini guru menggantinya dengan buku-buku yang relevan dengan KTSP. Upaya guru dapat dilihat keberhasilannya dengan aktivitas siswa dan semangat berpartisipasi dalam belajar sejarah. Dalam belajar sejarah batas-batas yang harus dicapai siswa penguasaan minimum adalah 65, dan relatif telah tercapai.   Kata kunci: KTSP, pembelajaran hambatan, sejarah  
From Railroad to Highway: Shifting Use of Land Transportation System in the Northern Coast of Central Java Hartatik, Endah Sri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 2 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i2.21005

Abstract

The development of land transportation facilities both trains and highway in the end of 19th and 20th century was closely related to the production plantation crops. Historical method was used in writing this article. Documentation was done by searching information related to road accidents. Documents would be traced in Jakarta National Archives, Jakarta National Library, Press Monument in Surakarta, Central Bureau of Statistics Central Java, several libraries in Yogyakarta. In early 20th century, trains became a main transportation system because they might transport plantation crops in large quantities before drove in the port city. However, due to the decline in plantation production, the function of trains decreased as well. During the New Order era which focused on agrarian farming system, trains’ function as transportation went down and replaced by highway. In other words, highway became a primary transportation system because they were able to transport production crops (e.g. rice) from fields to our house. This shifting use was closely related to the policy issued by the government. Pengembangan fasilitas transportasi darat baik kereta api maupun jalan raya pada akhir abad ke-19 dan ke-20 terkait erat dengan produksi tanaman perkebunan. Metode historis digunakan dalam menulis artikel ini. Dokumentasi dilakukan dengan mencari informasi terkait kecelakaan di jalan. Dokumen akan dilacak di Arsip Nasional Jakarta, Perpustakaan Nasional Jakarta, Monumen Pers di Surakarta, Biro Pusat Statistik Jawa Tengah, beberapa perpustakaan di Yogyakarta. Pada awal abad ke-20, kereta api menjadi sistem transportasi utama karena mereka mengangkut tanaman perkebunan dalam jumlah besar sebelum melaju di kota pelabuhan. Namun, karena penurunan produksi perkebunan, fungsi kereta api juga menurun. Selama era Orde Baru yang berfokus pada sistem pertanian agraria, fungsi kereta api sebagai transportasi turun dan digantikan oleh jalan raya. Dengan kata lain, jalan raya menjadi sistem transportasi utama karena mereka dapat mengangkut tanaman produksi (misalnya beras) dari ladang ke rumah. Pergeseran penggunaan ini terkait erat dengan kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah. 
PERKEMBANGAN JALAN RAYA DI PANTAI UTARA JAWA TENGAH SEJAK MATARAM ISLAM HINGGA PEMERINTAHAN DAENDELS Hartatik, Endah Sri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 2 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i2.7177

Abstract

This article analyze the development of the highway on the north coast of Central Java since the Islamic Mataram in the 17th century to the reign Daendels in the 19th century. This period is very important to know the emergence and development of highways who played a major role in the development of society in Java. Highway is a significant transportation in Java. The most important highway in Java is in the northern coast of Central Java. The highway has long historical roots, formerly the coastal highway then developed to be the post highway. The transformation process from the coastal highway to the post highway passed through a political process since Daendels governed Java in 1808. For the armed forces and economy exploitation, then it was established The Post Highway. In Central Java, the highway was built based on the coastal highway. Revitalization and transformation of the highway had caused economy development in the areas of cities and villages integrated by the highway networks and facilitated the administrative control for colonial rulers. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis perkembangan jalan raya di pantai utara Jawa Tengah sejak masa Mataram Islam di abad ke-17 sampai pemerintahan Daendels di abad ke-19. Periode ini sangat penting sebagai landasan historis perkembangan jalan raya pada periode setelahnya. Jalan raya merupakan  sarana transportasi penting di  Pulau Jawa. Salah satu jalan raya terpenting di Jawa adalah Jalan Raya di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah. Jalan Raya ini memiliki akar historis yang panjang, semula merupakan Jalan Raya Pesisir kemudian berkembang menjadi Jalan Raya Pos. Proses transformasi dari Jalan Raya Pesisir menjadi Jalan Raya Pos melalui proses politik ketika Daendels menguasai Jawa pada tahun 1808. Untuk kepentingan angkatan perang dan eksploitasi ekonomi dibangunlah Jalan Raya Pos. Di Jawa Tengah  jalan raya tersebut  dibangun dengan  mendasarkan diri pada Jalan Raya Pesisir. Revitalisasi dan transformasi jalan raya itu telah mengakibatkan perkembangan ekonomi di wilayah kota-kota dan desa-desa yang terintegrasi oleh jaringan jalan raya tersebut serta mempermudah kontrol administrasi bagi penguasa kolonial. 
PENGARUH POLITIK PINTU TERBUKA TERHADAP MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN DI JAWA Utami, Santi Muji
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 21, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v21i1.1025

Abstract

The second half of the nineteenth century Dutch colonial government has issued the Law relating to economical politics in the Netherlands Indies, whose development was accompanied by a variety of social phenomena, especially among native communities. The influence of the open door politics has given impact on the rural population, because they are directly confronted with colonial interests in the arena of international commerce. Exploitation on various aspects of the lives of the rural population cannot be avoided. Therefore, entering the twentieth century. deterioration of living conditions that lead to poverty cannot be avoided. Socio-economic structure in rural indigenous communities are basically unbalanced and uneven. During Dutch colonial rule, foreign private interest was strong enough related to the international market. International markets have tended to act as an "edge" where the Indonesian economy is hung. Independence of the community and the rural economy in the colonial period almost did not indicate any changes.   Key words : Colonial exploitation, Bumiputra Population, Poverty  
KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL SISWA SMA TERHADAP MITOS BUYUT CILI SEBAGAI TRADISI LISAN SEJARAH BLAMBANGAN Suprijono, Agus
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 2 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i2.2671

Abstract

The research focused on a social construction or interpretation of the Buyut Cili Myth as a storytelling tradition Blambangan history. The research objectives identified socially constructed form of knowledge as well as the values of the Buyut Cili myth. The research method was classroom action research. The result of the research found that Buyut Cili myth was a conceptual instrument for students to understand the concept of historical continuity. The complexity of life was contained in reality which displayed by the Buyut Cili. It proved that social reality was plural or multi-dimension. The Myth of Buyut Cili is as a learning resource to achieve basic competence to describe the historical tradition in Indonesian society during the prehistory and history” consisted of historical, religious, cultural, social, and economic values, that needed for students’ character education.Keywords: social construction, buyut cili myth, oral tradition Fokus penelitian adalah konstruksi sosial atau pemaknaan terhadap mitos Buyut Cili sebagai tradisi lisan sejarah Blambangan. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi hasil konstruksi sosial berupa pengetahuan maupun nilai-nilai dari mitos Buyut Cili. Metode penelitian adalah classroom action research. Hasil penelitian adalah mitos Buyut Cili  merupakan instrumen konseptual bagi siswa memahami konsep kesinambungan sejarah. Kompleksitas kehidupan terkandung pada realitas yang ditampilkan oleh mitos Buyut Cili membuktikan bahwa realitas sosial atau kenyataan sosial bersifat jamak atau multidimensional. Mitos Buyut Cili sebagai sumber belajar untuk mencapai kompetensi dasar “mendeskripsikan tradisi sejarah dalam masyarakat Indonesia masa pra-aksara dan masa aksara” sarat nilai historis, agama, budaya, sosial, dan ekonomi yang urgen untuk pendidikan karakter siswa. Kata kunci: konstruksi sosial, mitos buyut cili, tradisi lisan   
NASIONALISME DALAM TEROR DI MANDAR TAHUN 1947 Hamid, Abd Rahman
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5149

Abstract

The desire becoming the new state (Republic) had been paid expensively by Mandar people. In February 1947, Westerling commited massacre in Galung Lombok and the surrounding areas. The victims were accused of being extremists, robbers, and murderers. They are executed without process of law process and forgiveness. This incident became the historical milestone in the area in defending the Republic from terror of Dutch troops. The movement had influence and extensive network, not only in South Sulawesi, but also in Java and Kalimantan. People’s struggles were organized by KRIS Muda and GAPRI5.3.1. As a results of this study, it was found that there was encounter between nationalism and religion. Other organizations, particularly ALRI-PS, had role for defending the Republic. Choosing Mandar as target location for Westerling terror showed an important and powerful influence of the movement struggle in this region. Keinginan menjadi negara baru (republik) telah dibayar mahal oleh rakyat Mandar. Pada bulan Februari 1947, pasukan Westerling melakukan pembantaian massal di Galung Lombok dan daerah sekitarnya. Para korban dituduh sebagai ekstrimis, perampok, dan pembunuh. Mereka dieksekusi mati tanpa proses hukum dan ampun. Peristiwa ini menjadi tonggak sejarah daerah ini dalam membela Republik dari teror pasukan Be-landa. Gerakan itu memiliki pengaruh dan jaringan yang luas, tidak hanya di Sulawesi Selatan, tetapi juga Jawa dan Kalimantan.Perjuangan rakyat terorganisasi lewat KRIS Muda dan GAPRI 5.3.1. Dari hasil studi ini ditemukan adanya perjumpaan antara nasionalisme dan agama. Organisasi lain, khususnya ALRI-PS, berperan dalam membela republik. Dipilihnya Mandar sebagai lokasi sasaran teror Westerling menunjukkan penting dan kuatnya gerakan pengaruh perjuangan dari daerah ini. 
MODERNISASI PEMERINTAHAN PRAJA MANGKUNAGARAN SURAKARTA Wasino, Wasino
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 22, No 1 (2012): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v22i1.1842

Abstract

Mangkunagaran is one of government and cultural center of Java in the Dutch colonial period. It was formed in 1757 through Salatiga Agreement, as product of Jawa War succession. At the beginning Praja Mangkunagaran was a district of Kasunanan, then it raised into a small empire. Government modernization was done since Mangkunagara IV by establishing some new institution. Increasingly sophisticated modernization carried out in the early twentieth century during the reign of Mangkunagara VI and Mangkunagara VII. Modernization of gover-nance is heavily influenced by the Dutch colonial governance combined with Javanese culture. The rise of new governance generates new identity that is different from another Javanese culture center. Key words: modernization, governance, Mangkunagaran  Mangkunagaran merupakan salah satu pusat pemerintahan dan budaya Jawa pada masa Kolonial Belanda. Ia terbentuk pada tahun 1757 melalui perjanjian Salatiga, sebagai hasil perang suksesi di Jawa. Praja ini semula hanya merupakan sebuah kabupaten, namun dalam perkembangannya berkembang menjadi sebuah kerajaan kecil. Modernisasi pemerintahan dilakukan sejak Mangkunagara IV dengan membentuk lembaga-lembaga kerajaan yang berbeda dengan Kasunanan Surakarta. Modernisasi semakin canggih dilakukan pada awal abad XX pada masa pemerintahan Mangkunagara VI dan Mangkunagara VII. Modernisasi tata pemerintahan banyak dipengaruhi oleh tata pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda dipadukan dengan kebudayaan Jawa. Lahirnya tata pemerintahan baru menghasilkan identitas baru yang berbeda dengan pusat-pusat budaya Jawa lain, Kasunanan dan Paku Alaman. Kata kunci: modernisasi, pemerintahan, Mangkunagara  
SEJARAH SOSIOLOGIS BUDAYA BERNAFKAH KOMUNITAS ADAT SUKU DUANO Amrifo, Viktor; Dharmawan, Arya H.; Sunito, Satyawan; Soetarto, Endriatmo
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i2.3122

Abstract

The milestones of Duano Tribe’s livelihood culture can be grouping into 4 periodes. The periodization based on the adaptation of Duano Tribe community to  bio-physic environment change or livelihood place change that used observation, interview, and document study to collect the data.  The first is year before 1722 where they was a sea nomads in Malaka Strait. In this period, Duano Tribe developed their livelihood culture based on schooling fish hunting activity. The second is year since 1722 to 1932 where the  Duano’s livelihood place moved to caostal zone and small island of Malaka Strait. In this period,  They developed livelihood culture based on sea nomads and fishing  technology, but natural culture that used in livelihood activity changed to pelagic fish and small fish. The third is year since 1932 to 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe was in transition phase. In this period, livelihood activity of Duano Tribe changed to fishing activity at estuarin ecosystem in Berhala Strait. And the last is year after 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe based on “menongkah” activity. Interaction between Duano community and state effect on their livelihood culture change. The adaptation of Duano Tribe community to bio-physic environment that was being effected by state power or another external power can be called as semi-natural adaptation.Keywords: Duano Tribe, Livelihood culture, Semi-natural adaptation, Sea nomads, FishermenTonggak-tonggak sejarah bernafkah Suku Duano yang dilihat dari adaptasi mereka terhadap lingkungan biofisik dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 periode. Pengelompokkan ini diperoleh melalui serangkaian proses pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Periode pertama adalah masa sebelum tahun 1722 dengan budaya bernafkah sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan ruaya, periode kedua diantara tahun 1722 sampai 1932 sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan perairan dangkal, periode ketiga dari tahun 1932 sampai 1960 sebagai peralihan dari pengembara laut ke nelayan menetap yang memanfaatkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai, dan periode keempat setelah tahun 1960 sebagai nelayan menetap yang menangkap/menungumpulkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai atau aktivitas menongkah. Interaksi Suku Duano dan negara mempengaruhi perubahan budaya bernafkah budaya bernafkah mereka. Perubahan budaya bernafkah yang dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan negara atau kekuatan lain diluar komunitas dapat disebut semi-natural adaptasi.Kata Kunci: Suku Duano, Budaya Bernafkah, Adaptasi Semi-natural, pengembara laut, nelayan  
MILITER DAN KONSTRUKSI IDENTITAS NASIONAL: ANALISIS BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN SEJARAH SMA MASA ORDE BARU Purwanta, Hieronymus
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i1.2499

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of the military in constructing national identity through history lesson textbooks for high schools in the period of New Order government. The move is motivated by the understanding that history lesson textbooks are important media to instill a national identity. The research method used was qualitative through content analysis of history lesson textbooks. The analysis focused on historical narratives about the revolution of independence (1945-1950). The results show that the narratives in textbooks are influenced by the views of the military. It can be seen from the militaristic narratives and heroification of military figures. On the other hand, the roles of political figures are negated and distorted.Keywords: history, history lesson, textbook, military, heroification, distortion, negation  Penelitian ini bermaksud menganalisis pengaruh kelompok militer dalam pembentukan identitas nasional melalui buku teks pelajaran sejarah untuk SMA pada masa pemerintahan Orde Baru. Langkah itu dimotivasi oleh pemahaman bahwa buku teks pelajaran sejarah merupakan media yang penting untuk menanamkan identitas nasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif melalui analisis isi buku teks pelajaran sejarah. Analisis dilakukan terhadap narasi sejarah tentang revolusi kemerdekaan (1945-1950). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa narasi dalam buku teks dipengaruhi oleh pandangan kelompok militer. Hal itu antara lain dapat disimak dari narasi yang bersifat militeristik dan pemahlawanan (heroifikasi) tokoh-tokoh militer. Di lain pihak, peran tokoh-tokoh politik dinegasikan dan ditenggelamkan. Kata kunci: sejarah, pelajaran sejarah, buku teks, militer, heroifikasi, distorsi, negasi
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL STUDIES AND HISTORY LEARNING IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN STRENGTHENING THE STUDENTS CHARACTER Agung S., Leo
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 25, No 2 (2015): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v25i2.5134

Abstract

Nowadays, in Indonesia a variety of violence and moral degradation event still occur. The moral degradation phenomenon (among others) is indicated with the spread of violence, criminality, drug abuse, free sexual-intercourse and other misbehaviors. Multidimensional crisis and nation deterioration originates essentially in self-esteem, and failure in developing nation’s character education. Essentially, Social Science learning aimed to develop personal, social, and intellectual behavior. Thus, Social Science learning in Junior High Schools becomes a means and opportunity of strengthening the student characters such as sense of critical, discipline, environment awareness, social care, religious, having reading interest, loving to homeland, willing to sacrifice, creative, honest, independent, and hard work, in order to build the nation and the state better, more prosperous, secure, and peaceful. Dewasa ini, di Indonesia terjadi beragam keke-rasan dan degradasi moral yang masih terus terjadi. Fenomena degradasi moral diindikaisikan dengan beragam kekerasan, kriminalitas, penggunaan narkotika, pergaulan bebas, dan berbagai penyimpangan perilaku. Krisis multidimensional dan berbagai kerusakan tersebut pada dasarnya berasal dari harga diri, serta kegagalan dalam pengembangan pendidikan karakter bangsa. Di satu sisi secara esensial Pendidikan IPS bertujuan untuk membangun kemampuan personal, sosial, dan intelektual. Dengan demikian pembelajaran IPS di SMP menjadi sarana dan kesempatan untuk memperkuat karakter siswa, seperti sikap kritis, disiplin, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, agama, memiliki minat baca, cinta ke tanah air, rela berkorban, kreatif, jujur, independen, dan kerja keras, dalam rangka membangun bangsa dan negara yang lebih baik, lebih sejahtera, lebih aman, dan damai.  

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