Althea Medical Journal
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Articles
1,078 Documents
<![CDATA[Enteric Pathogen Bacteria in Non-Broiler Chicken Egg Shells from Traditional Market and Supermarket, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java ]]>
<![CDATA[Arumugam, Kavita]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugraha, Gaga Irawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Around 1.5 million of children dying annually due to diarrhea. Contaminated food is one of the sources of the diarrhea incidence (food borne diseases). Eggs are one of the least expensive forms of protein which is affordable by the community and is easily to find in either traditional or modern market/supermarkets.The objective of this study was to identify enteropathogenic bacteria contamination on non-broiler (ayam kampung) egg shell and to compare the findings between eggs sold in traditional and modern markets.Methods: This was a descriptive study performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. A total of 40 eggs were used, 20 from two traditional markets and 20 from two modern markets. The eggs were swabbed using saline, dipped in tryptic soy broth and streaked on Mac Conkey agar. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: Out of 40 samples, there were 19 positive cultures found from the traditional market and 16 from the modern market. There were 30 pink colonies indicating that they were lactose fermented, 5 transparent colonies indicated non-lactose fermentation, 4 showed no colony growth, and 1 grew an unidentified colony. The most found bacteria were Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. in both market. Conclusions: Eggs shells from traditional and modern markets are contaminated with Enteropathogenic microbes. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.487]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation between Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage ]]>
<![CDATA[Ilman, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Zuhairini, Yenni]]>;
<![CDATA[Siddiq, Amillia]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been used to determine the nutritional status which is classified into low, normal, overweight or obese. The BMI only shows a comparison of height and weight instead of body composition which consists of fat mass and fatâfree mass. Most of people assumed that BMI overage means fat mass overage as well, yet it does not occur in all cases. This study was conducted to measure the correlation between BMI and body fat percentage.Methods: An analytical study was conducted to 100 male and female students respectively from Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor batch 2009 to 2013. The body weight was measured using scales , whereas the body height was measured using stature meter. The body fat percentage was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The BMI was calculated by dividing the body weight in kilogram divided by body height in meter square. Data was collected from September to October 2013 and analyzed by Pearsonâs correlation test.Results: The mean of BMI in male students and female students were 22.56 and 21.35 respectively. The body fat percentage was 16.44 for men and 28.09 for women. Correlation score between BMI and fat mass in male students were 0.853 and female students are 0.834.Conclusions: There is a strong and positive correlation between BMI and body fat percentage both in male and female students in Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor. Among this population, BMI can still be used todetermine body fat percentage. [AMJ.2015;2(4):575â8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.642]]>
<![CDATA[Isolation of Methicillin Resistant - Staphylococcus aureus in Midwifery Students Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran SeptemberâDecember 2012 ]]>
<![CDATA[Panirchelvam, Robinee]]>;
<![CDATA[Megantara, Imam]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudiro, Melati]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Methicillin Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant bacteria to certain types of beta-lactam antibiotics. Commonly, the MRSA infection is acquired in hospitals, long-term care facilities, or similar institutional settings. Mid-wives are one of the health professional that have a major risk to get MRSA infection and could lead the infection among patients. This research is aimed to identify MRSA among the midwifery studentsMethods: A descriptive study was conducted from SeptemberâDecember 2012 at the Microbiology laboratory to identify the proportion of MRSA among the mid-wife students from Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Twenty-five samples were chosen using simple random sampling based on their registration number. The inclusion criterias were healthy students, and 18 to 22 years old. Both nostrils were sampled with a sterile culture swab on both the subjectâs nostrils. Gram staining was done in order to identify the gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. The samples were inaculated in Mannitol salt agar (MSA), incubated for 24 hours and at 37 Ì C. After 24 hours, catalase and coagulase tests were done. Moreover, for the susceptibility testing, the chosen media for this study was Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and with 30μg Cefoxitin disk. After incubation, the zone of inhibition of the colony less than ⤠21mm was considered resistant to methicillin.Results: Colonization of MRSA was about 3 out from 25 samplesConclusions: The MRSA colonization in the anterior nasal does exist in midwife students, a further study with more samples should be conducted. [AMJ.2015;2(1):204â7]]]>
<![CDATA[Antidiabetic Activity of Calcium Bentonite in Alloxan Monohydrate-induced Diabetic Wistar Rat Models ]]>
<![CDATA[Alviana, Galuh]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuwono, Hendro Sudjono]]>;
<![CDATA[Sylviana, Nova]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Calcium bentonite is a natural clay that has the ability to absorb toxins and metabolite excess substances and often referred to as healing clay because it is used traditionally. This study aimed to determine the ability of local calcium bentonite to absorp high blood glucose..Methods: This study was an experimental study using 20 female Wistar rats and divided into two groups consisting of Group I (control group, n=10) and Group II (calcium bentonite group, n=10). Diabetes in rats was induced by alloxan monohydrate 150 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. Examination of blood glucose was performed three times; in the beginning of study, 72 hours after alloxan monohydrate induction, and four days after the given interventions. Blood glucose levels in mean values were analyzed using t-independent test. Statistically significance was considered when p<0.05.Results: Oral calcium bentonite of 1g/kg body weight significantly lowered blood glucose level relatively to the control group with average value of 131.30 mg/dl (p=0.01).Conclusions: Calcium bentonite significantly lowers blood glucose levels. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.562]]>
<![CDATA[Association of Obesity, Parity, and History of Knee Injury with Knee Osteoarthritis in Female ]]>
<![CDATA[Triyadi, Ade]]>;
<![CDATA[Pramudiyo, Riardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Iwan A. R., Januarsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Osteoarthritis is the most joint disorder among elderly. There are a lot of risk factors of knee osteoarthritis. Obesity and high frequent of parity can increase the load on knee joint. Knee injury also decreases the stability of knee joint on bearing body load. This study was conducted to observe the association of obesity, parity â¥3 times and history of knee injury with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis in female aged >50 years old.Methods: Case control design was chosen in this study. Female patients with age >50 years were recruited by consecutive sampling from rheumatology clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Data were collected from August to September 2013. Minimal sample size was 60 samples calculated by rule of thumb formula. Obesity was measured by body mass index (BMI). Parity and history of knee injury were assessed by questionnaire. Those variables were analyzed by logistic regression method.Result: Obesity did not associate with knee osteoarthritis in this study, p=0.549 (odd ratio (OR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52â3.32). Parity was associated with knee osteoarthritis in this study p=0.001 (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.89â11.68). History of knee injury was associated with knee osteoarthritis in this study, p=0.001 (OR 6.19, 95% CI 2.01â18.99).Conclusions: Parity â¥3 times and history of knee injury were associated with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis. Obesity was not associated with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis. [AMJ.2015;2(4):492â6] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.633]]>
<![CDATA[Knowledge of Personal Hygiene among Food Handlers in Canteen at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, October to November 2012 ]]>
<![CDATA[Zarisha, Drasthya]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Raksanagara, Ardini S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawati, Elsa Pudji]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Food borne diseases are caused by contamination of pathogenic microorganism and are still a major health problem throughout the world. There are 1,8 billion cases of diarrhea which mostly were caused by food contamination in 2005. Food handlers are at risk of contaminating microorganism towards food they handle. The process of transmission can be prevented by practicing good hygiene while processing and handling food. The objective of this study was assessing knowledge among food handlers regardingtheir personal and food hygiene at canteen in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted during the period of October to November 2012 to 14 food handlers in the Canteen at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran using 26 validated questions divided into 3 major parts, 14 questions for knowledge of hand washing, 9 questions for knowledge of utilization of clean water and 3 questions for knowledge of waste management. The scores were classified as good, moderate, and poor. Data were analyzed using frquency distribution.Results: Majority of the respondents was male and common age group was 20â29 years old. Eight of the respondents were senior high school graduates. Based on working experience, majority of food handlers had been working for one and three years. None of the respondents had good knowledge. Only 12 and 2respondents had moderate and poor knowledge, respectively.Conclusion: None of the respondents had good knowledge regarding hand washing, utilization of clean water and waste management. Therefore, there is a need in providing more education about those aspects.[AMJ.2015;2(1):245â9]]]>
<![CDATA[Intention for Hepatitis B Vaccination among Male-to-female Transgenders in Bandung ]]>
<![CDATA[Khiruddin, Ain Izzati]]>;
<![CDATA[Afriandi, Irvan]]>;
<![CDATA[Aznur, Laili]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawati, Elsa Pudji]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Hepatitis B is still an alarming global disease nowadays. The majority of transmission is by sexual activity during adulthood and male-to-female transgender is a high risk group. Despite protective vaccine is available, vaccination coverage among these high risk groups remained low. This study aimed to compare the differences in attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control between the intended group and unintended group for hepatitis B vaccination among male-to-female transgenders in Bandung.Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted during SeptemberâNovember 2012 to 100 male-to-female transgenders residing in Bandung. Thirteen Likert scales validated questionnaires were used to compare the attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control by their intention of hepatitis B vaccination (Theory of Plan Behavior/TPB). the respondents were recruited by the help of Srikandi Pasundan, that actively works in the issues of transgender. The inclusion criterias were they regard themselves as waria, consistent as a transgender for at least six months, residing in Bandung, and sexually active within six months. Independent variables consist of demographic characteristics and TPB construct variables. Mann Whitney Test was used to analyze the data.Results: Among 75% of the unvaccinated respondents, majority (70.7%) have the intention to get hepatitis B vaccination. Mann Whitney analysis showed that there is a difference of attitude between the intended group and unintended group for hepatitis B vaccination, while there are no differences by their intention for subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.Conclusion: The attitude influenced vaccination intention among male-to-female transgenders in Bandung. [AMJ.2015;2(1):253â61]]]>
<![CDATA[Knowledge and Risk of Osteoporosis among Pre-elderly at Cipacing Village Jatinangor District in 2014 ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramdhani, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Mulyadi, Dicky]]>;
<![CDATA[Arisanti, Nita]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journa Vol 2, No 4 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journa ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by abnormal loss of bone density resulting inbones that are brittle and liable to fracture. Most cases of fracture in the world are due to osteoporosis. InIndonesia, the prevalence of osteopenia (early osteoporosis) and of osteoporosis are relatively high. Oneof the causes of this situation is the low level of public knowledge about how to prevent osteoporosis. Thisstudy was conducted to identify the knowledge and risk of osteoporosis among pre-elderly at CipacingVillage Jatinangor District in 2014.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Cipacing Village Jatinangor District to 160 respondentswho were classified as pre-elderly (aged 45-59 years) and assessed on knowledge and risk factors forosteoporosis through questionnaire-guided interviews after the informed consent was obtained.Thecollected data were presented using frequency distribution.Results: A total of 100 respondents (62.5%) had good knowledge about osteoporosis-related information,including definitions, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, impacts, and prevention. Most respondents,79 respondents (49.4%), are at risk for osteoporosis.Conclusions: Knowledge of osteoporosis among pre-elderly at Cipacing Village Jatinangor District arelargely classified into âgood knowledgeâ category. [AMJ.2015;2(4):608â14]]]>
<![CDATA[Cruris Fracture among Child Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung ]]>
<![CDATA[Chandra, Wenny Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ismiarto, Yoyos Dias]]>;
<![CDATA[Tahid, Alwin]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Nucki Nursjamsi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Cruris are lower extremity fractures commonly found in children. These dangerous fracturesmay alter the quality of life of the patients. This study was conducted to explore the characteristics of crurisfractures in children.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed by reviewing the medical records of childrenwho were hospitalized at the Department of Orthopaedi and Traumatology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin GeneralHospital Bandung during 2010â2011.Results: On two years study, 62 cases have been reported. Most cases occurred among senior high schoolgroup (37.1%). Boys (71.0%) have a higher rate of fractures than girls. Fractures most frequently occurredby traffic accidents (87.1%). The fractures are mostly open (58.1%). The common fracture site was tibia(50.0%) rather than fibula (3.2%) and the most frequent location was on the right side (79.0%) and on themiddle third of the leg (41.9%). Majority of the patients went home in good condition (79.0%).Conclusion: Fractures are most frequently occurred in April because of high humidity. The causes anddistribution of the fractures based on diagnosis were related to another study. Furthermore, additionalstudies are needed to explore the characteristics of cruris fracture among children, not only in certainhospital but also in Indonesia especially in West Java.[AMJ.2015;2(1):276â80]]]>
<![CDATA[Characteristics and Predisposing Factors of Bacterial Corneal Ulcer in the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung from January to December 2011 ]]>
<![CDATA[Putri, Astrid Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Heryati, Susi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasution, Nursiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Corneal ulcer is an emergency condition in ophthalmology, causing visual impairment, mostly by bacterial infection with rapid pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to discover the characteristics of bacterial corneal ulcer patients in the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung.Methods: A total of 99 medical records consisted of patients diagnosed with bacterial corneal ulcer were selected in this descriptive study. The clinical patterns and predisposing factors of the patients were analyzed. The study also identified the pathogenic bacteria of the cases. This study was carried out in the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung from January to December 2011 Clinical patterns. The collected data were analyzed and presented in frequency tabulation.Results: The male to female ratio was 2:1, with the average age of 44.4 years. The most common presenting symptom was eye pain (70.7%). Most patients came with decreased visual acuity that was categorized as (near-) blindness (78.8%) and the location of the ulcer was in central area of the cornea (56.5%). The most common predisposing factor was ocular trauma (74.7%) that was caused by exposed to plants. Single-bacterial infection (67.7%) was predominant, with 56 cases (56.6%) of Gram-positive cocci infection.Conclusions: Bacterial corneal ulcer contributes to 48.8% of all microbial corneal ulcers. Most patients came with mild condition, centralized location, and poor visual function. The common predisposing factor was trauma associated with exposed to plants. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.505]]>
