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INDONESIA
Jurnal KALAM
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
ISSN : 08539510     EISSN : 25407759     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
KALAM (ISSN 0853-9510; E-ISSN: 2540-7759) is a journal published by the Ushuluddin Faculty, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, INDONESIA. KALAM published twice a year. KALAM focused on the Islamic studies, especially the basic sciences of Islam, including the study of the Qur’an, Hadith, Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Mysticism. It is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Every article submitted and will be published by Kalam will review by two peer review through a double-blind review process. KALAM has been accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, the Republic of Indonesia as an academic journal (SK Dirjen PRP Kemenristekdikti No. 1/E/KPT/2015).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 15 No 1 (2021)" : 6 Documents clear
Rethinking al-Singkili’s Islamic Cosmology Siraj, Fuad Mahbub; Syadli, Muhammad
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.5963

Abstract

The conception of universe has been one of the significant subjects discussed in the Qur'an. Verses of Qur’an have always encouraged human beings to observe and reflect upon on the creation of universe, seen in Islamic teachings as a sign of God's existence and power. Cosmology is a discipline that concerns about the origin of universe. In Islam, this topic has been a heated debate that comes with deeply theological consequences, in terms of tawhid (belief in God). This research is a library research with using a historical approach to obtain data and conducting content analysis. This research aims to explain further the concept of Islamic cosmology of ‘Abd al-Ra’ūf al-Singkili, an Indonesian philosophical sufi master and thinker. Al-Singkili begins his conception of cosmology by focusing on the definition of universe. This study finds out that he defined universe as all things other than al-Ḥaqq. Universe is created by Allah as a sign to know His Existence. Al-Singkili stated that the universe was not created from nothing to being (creatio ex nihillo), but rather through an emanation (fayḍ). In explaining the concept of emanation, al-Singkili used two terms, namely "fixed entity" (al-a’yān al-ṡābitah) and "potential entity" (al-a’yān al-khārijiyyah). Both potentials, according to him, are a shadow of God. The fixed entity is a direct shadow of God, while the potential entity is a shadow of the fixed entity. So, it can be concluded that everything other than God (nature) comes from Him, and its existence depends on the His being.
Theological Teachings of The Qadiani Ahmadiyya and The Jehovah’s Witnesses: A Comparative Study Fitriani, Fitriani; Arifinsyah, Arifinsyah
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.6583

Abstract

Plurality in Indonesia has been dealt with a variety of religious sects that hold ‘controversial’ concepts of aqidah (religious creeds). Example includes the Qadiani Ahmadiyya and the Jehovah's Witnesses. This paper aims to study the core of religious teachings of the two sects, and how they are different from the mainstream. This work is a qualitative research with a comparative method, used to explore the diversity of religious understandings of the sects under study. This work found that both sects share some similarities as well as differences. concludes that there are similarities and differences between the two. The Qadiani Ahmadiyya denies Muhammad as the last messenger and believes that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad who is a prophet, and has received God’s revelation. Meanwhile, the Jehovah's Witnesses rejects the doctrine of Trinity and hellfire, believing that mankind will live eternally and God almighty will not torment people forever in hell. It can be concluded that these understandings are considered unique and often seen as deviating from the mainstream teachings.
Theosophy of Human Concept in Pangestu: Sufism Perspective Bakri, Syamsul; Wahyudi, M. Agus
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.7135

Abstract

The study of humans has so far been dominated by Western schools of thought. As shown by psychoanalytic theorists, behaviorists, and cognitive theorists. Meanwhile, studies on humans that are sourced from local thinkers do not seem to have been discussed much by scholars. As the human concept that developed in the Pangestu mysticism in Indonesia. This article aims to examine the human concept according to the Pangestu school in terms of the process of human creation, the purpose of human life, and the relationship (union) of man with God. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results showed that human creation was caused by courtship from God or what is called Tri Purusa. Meanwhile, the purpose of human life is union with God or it is called ittihad and hulul. This study concludes that the teachings about humans in the Pangestu school are identical to those in Islamic philosophy and mysticism.
Disruption and Incommensurability Among Thomas S. Kuhn’s Paradigms Anas, Mohamad
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.7380

Abstract

This paper specifically looks at the implications of Thomas S. Kuhn's ideas regarding the distinction between context of justification and context of discovery in the emergence of science. Kuhn's thesis is that science is not only formed from the context of justification, but the context of discovery (history) must also be considered. The method of research is an in-depth interpretation towards the relevance text to the research and then the author applies analytical method to examine certain terms objectively. The author also applies historical method to see the historical aspects of a thought and finally applies the heuristic method to obtain the novelty of a work. The results of the study indicate that by considering the context of invention of science, Kuhn is in fact trapped in an epistemological relativism. Kuhn's main weakness is the absolute and extreme discontinuity among competing paradigms due to his main idea of the incommensurability paradigm, that is, it is impossible to compare one paradigm to another. In this short article the author mutually analyses Kuhn's ideas with critical method. Finally, the author notes that special nature of such paradigms socially and culturally does not create a relative gap necessarily. However, it should be a capital of conversation and dialogue across cultures and civilizations.
Islam and Local Culture: The Practice of Hippun Tradition Among the Lampungnese Muslims Badi'ah, Siti; Ruslan, Idrus; Huzaimah, Siti
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.8464

Abstract

Although relation between Islam and culture has been a subject of many studies, our understanding of it is still problematic. Islam and local culture are often seen as two separated entities. In reality however, many local customs practiced by Muslim societies are loaded with values of Islamic teachings. Hippun, a tradition practiced by local Muslims in Lampung, South Sumatera, is the case in point. While Hippun is arguably rich with Islamic values, many people considered it as not Islamic. In order to enlighten the controversy, this paper is aimed at exploring the practice of Hippun tradition as well as examining its contribution to the development of Islamic moral values in Lampung societies. Based on a qualitative and descriptive research, this paper finds out that Hippun tradition consists of four processes, namely, Buwarah, Hippun Muari, Hippun Pemekonan, and Adat Hippun. During these processes a collection of rituals such as vocalizing shalawat, reciting Yasin verses from the Qur’an, prayer chanting, and incense burning was carried out. Hippun has contributed to the spread and maintenance of Islamic and social values such silaturahmi (sociability), brotherhood, musyawarah (deliberation), and social integration. It finally concludes that Hippun is a testament to the existence of acculturation between Islam and local culture in Lampung societies.
Mustofa Azami’s Criticism of Joseph Schacht’s Thoughts on Hadits Isnaeni, Ahmad; Mukri, Moh.; Muhsin, Masrukhin; Susanto, Is
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.8680

Abstract

Joseph Shacht a theory developer of the origin of hadits developed by Goldziher. The study of sanad has become a central topic that has received more attention. Some of the theories developed by Schacht lead to doubts about the authenticity of the hadits sanad. Sanad is only made by people who lived later and then leaned on to an authoritative figure to seek its legality. The results of this scientific work received criticism from Azami by bringing other evidence to rely on. The claim to the correctness of Schacht's theory is then considered not objective in terms of scientific truth standards. Some of the problems above are the focus of the study in this study, based on critical analysis methods and historical approaches. The result of the research is that the Sunnah is an expression, habit and way of life even though at that time the habits agreed by the community then relied on the Prophet. The more complete the series of sanads, as an indication, the further away from the Prophet's life. Sanad as a basis for dating a hadits. Even the appearance of sanad was earlier than the hadits editorial. Schacht based the development of the hadits sanad study through the theory of back projection and common link. Azami's criticism of Schacht's theory is as a baseless scientific lie. These theories stand on some of Schacht's misunderstanding of the theory and terms formulated by hadits scholars. Schacht's theory of the Sunnah also contradicts the historical realities prevailing in the early Islamic world.

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