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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,559 Documents
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KERANCUAN DALAM BEBERAPA METODE PENETAPAN NITROGEN .Bagian 2. Penetapan Organik Nitrogen Pada Sampel Yang Mengandung Nitrite R Sudradjat
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 6 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.8.6.214-218

Abstract

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan   untuk   mengetahui   aeberapa jauh  adanya •     keterlibatan   reaksi kimia  yang  tidak  diharapkan dalam penetapan   kadar nitrogen  dengan  metode  yang umum  difunaian terhadap mmpel  yang men,andung organik  N clan nitrite.  Penetapan  N~    dilakukan   dengan  metode  MgO. Auto..,.1y.,,       Devarda dan Montgomery   & Dymo.ck.  Penetapan kadar  organik  N  dilakululn  dengan  metode   Kjeldahl  dan  total­N  derwan  metode   pe,.,ulfat.   Metode   terwbut    dilakukan untuk    mentetahui  perolehan   !cembali  nitrogen   darl  bebnapa  mrnpel   yang  merupakan   c:ampuran aenyawa  organik  N dengan  N03 yang  telah  diketahui   kadar  nitrogennya.                                                                                                                     Hasil penelitian    menunjukkan    perolehan   kembali  nitrogen­  yang  lebih  kecil  atau  lebih  beaar darl  kadar  nitrogen sebenamya.    Hal  tenebut     menunjukkan     kecenderungan    kuat   adanya   pengaruh   reaksi •         kimia   yang   tidak   diharapkan. Rendahnya   perolehan  kem"bali N02  dengan  metode  Devarda  kemungkinan   diaebabkan  penRaruh  Cu Yo"1l mengaki"batkan N02  terdekompou    dan  menguap  pada  waktu  destilasi. Kuus aerupa padD metode  MgO kemungkinan   diaebabkan  teJ'iadi• nya  fiksasi  _N02   terhadap  aenyawa  organik   yang  •mengaki'batkan  perubahan   statua  mineral  N  menjadi  oragnik  N.  Me­ tode  Kjeldahl  memberikan   perolehan   kembali  organik  N yang  rendah  untuk  aenyawa  amino  dan azo  yang  kemungkinan diaebabluin  hilangnya  N  karena  reaai   dengan  N02_  pada  waktu  dedruksi pada •uhu  4000C.  Prose• nitroiai    atau  reaksi N02  dengan phenol  atau  naphtol  diduga  menjadi  penyebab  terlalu  tingginya  perolehan  kembali  organik  N dari a­naphtoldan 1­4­naphtoquinone   dari kadar yang aebenamya.
KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATAN JENIS KAYU INDONESIA UNTUK PENGGANTI KAYU POK Y I Mandang; Barly Barly
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 10 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.10.405-416

Abstract

Suatu percobaan  impregnasi tiga jenis  kayu daun lebar Indonesia dengan bahan pelumas sudah dilaksanakan.  Tujuannya adalah untuk menghasilkan kayu yang memiliki sifat mendekati kayu pok  (Guajacum spp.):   berat jenis  tinggi dan kandungan resin/pelumas tinggi,  cocok untuk penyangga poros baling-baling kapal laut.Tiga jenis  kayu yang diuji yaitu Elateriospermum tapos Bl., Dialium platysepalum  Backer, dan Xanthophyllum stipitatum Benn.  Pemilihan jenis  didasarkan pada hipotesis  bahwa jenis kayu ini mudah diimpregnasi karena mempunyai parenkim pita berjarak rapat.lmpregnasi  dilakukan dengan 4 jenis minyak yaitu: minyak jarak,  minyak kemiri,  minyak laka dan  asam  oleat.   Konsentrasi  minyak yang  digunakan  adalah  3%  dalam  alkohol  lalu diimpregnasikan ke dalam kayu dengan bagan berikut:  vakum awal 500 mmHg selama 15 menit, tekanan hidraulik 10 atm selama 60 menit, dan vakum akhir 500 mmHg seiama 15 menit. Absorpsi  larutan dapat mencapai  62,7% berat kayu pada Elateriospermum, 20,7%   pada Dialium dan 18, 7%  pada kayu Xanthophyllum.   Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga kayu yang dicoba termasuk sedang-sukar diimpregnasi. Karena iiu disarankan untuk dilakukan percobaan lebih lanjut  dengan  menggunakan  kadar pelumas  yang  lebih tinggi dan jangka waktu tekan yang lebih lama.  Mungkin diperlukan pemanasan pada waktu proses untuk menurunkan kekentalan pelumas yang digunakan.
PENELAAHAN PENGARUH WAKTU PENGKONDISIAN DAN PENGGUNAAN PARAFIN PADA CONTOH UJI TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA KAYU LAPIS *) Adi Santoso; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 18, No 2 (2000): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2000.18.2.79-86

Abstract

Pada penetapan emisi formaldehida dari kayu lapis berdasarkan Standar Amerika dan Standar Jepang, perbedaan dalam persiapan contoh uji dapat menyebabkan nilai emisi formaldehida yang diperoleh berbeda pula. Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan tentang pengaruh waktu pengkondisian (conditioning) dan penggunaan parafin pada contoh uji terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh waktu pengkondisian dan penggunaan parafin pada contoh uji terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis adalah sangat nyata. Semakin lama waktu pengkondisian, makin rendah emisi formaldehida kayu lapis, sementara untuk kayu lapis yang diberi parafin menghasilkan emisi formaldehida yang lebih rendah daripada yang tanpa parafin. Hubungan antara waktu pengkondisian (X) dengan emisi formaldehida (Y.) dapat dinyatakan dengan persamaan regresi, dengan koefisien korelasi nyata (r) sebagai berikut:- tanpa parafinY = 5,1 -0,52X (r = - 0,9246); menurut StandarAmerikaY= 10,93 - 1,32 X ( r = - 0,9433); menurut Standar Jepang- dengan parafin,Y = 483 - 0,43X (r = - 0,9756); menurut Standar AmerikaY = 9,01 - 0,9X (r = - 0,9824); menurut StandarJepangDalam hal ini terjadi penurunan emisi formaldehida dari contoh kayu lapis bila diberi parajin dibandingkan dengan tanpa parafin. Nilai rata-rata emisi formaldehida pada kayu lapis yang diberi parafin berkurang sebanyak 0,69 µg/ml (16,6%) daripada tanpa parafin menurut Standar Amerika, dan 0,57 µg/ml (8.5%) menurut Standar Jepang. 
UJI COBA LAPANGAN PENANAMAN KEDELAI SEBAGAI TANAMAN SELA ACACIA MANGIUM WILD DI AREAL HTI TANAH ASAM Field experiment of soybean intercrop planting among Acacia mangium willd on acidic soil of the forest estate area R Sudradjat; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 3 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.3.101-109

Abstract

The purpose of the experiment is to study intercrop planting technique of soybean (var. Willis) on acidic soil among Acacia mangium Willd at HTI Mandiangin, Pekan Baru - Riau.Total area of the experiment covers 0.5 ha, divided into 5 treatment plots of 1000 m2 each. Treatments used in the experiment were: control, lime, lime + anorganic fertilizer, compost and compost + anorganic fertilizer. :Lime. was applied in the order of 2 ton/ha, compost 20 ton/ha and 60 kg urea, 45 kg TSP, 45 kg KCl for 2 period. Rhizogin was used fis biofertilizer to promote growth while Azordin 15 WSC and Dithane M 45 were used as pesticides.The resulls of the experiment for plot 1 (control) showed that the productions of biomass was 383.6 kg/ha, wet pod was 645.4kg/ha, dry pod was 466.7 kg/ha soybean was 275.7 kg/ha, average number of root nodule was 4 and plant heigt was 25.90 cm.Plot ll (acidic soil + lime): the productions of biomass was. 745.8 kg/ha, wet pod was 792 kg/ha, dry pod was 578.6 kg/ha, soybean was 436.5 kg/ha, the number of root nodule was 16 and plant height was 42.38 cm.Plot III (acidic soil +lime + anorganic fenilizer), the productions off biomass was 1331 kg/ha,.wet pod was 1067 kg/ha, dry pod was 805.8 kg/ha, soybean was 525.8kg/ha, the number of root nodule was 17 and plant height was 44.76 cm.Plot IV (acidic soil + compost) : the productions of biomass was 1113.2 kg/ha, wet pod was 1364 kg/ha, dry pod was 963.9kg/ha, soybean was 648 kg/ha, the number of root nodule was 22 and plant height was 38.55 cm.Plot V.(acidic soit+Compost+ anorganic fertilizer): the productions of biomass was 1573 kg/ha, wet pod was 2406.6 kg/ha, dry pod was 1531 kg/ha, soybean was 1060.4 kg/ha, the number of root nodule was 24 and plant height was 55.88 cm.The experiment proved that the range from the highest lo the lowest soybean production was given by compost + anorganic fertilizer(384 %),followed by compost (235%), lime + anorganic fertilizer (190 %), lime (125 %) and control (100 %). It is proved that intercrop planting promote the growth of Acacia mangium Willd i.e: compost + anorganic fertilizer (215 %), lime + anarganic fertilizer (173 %), compost (148 %), lime (163 %) and control (100 %).It is evident that compost has an important role in increasing pH or conducting more nutrients uptake, reduction of A1 toxiclty and eliminating nutrient leaching. 
POLA PENYEBARAN SERANGAN RINTISAN KUMBANG AMBROSIA PLATYPUS TREPANATUS PADA DOLOK KAYU RAMIN Paimin Sukartana; A Martawijaya
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 4 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.4.1-3

Abstract

The distribution  pattern  of  the initial attack  of  ambrosia  beetles Platypus trepanatus   Chap. (Coleoptera:  Platypodidae) on  ramin  logs (Gonystylus  bancanus  Kurz.s ) was studied.  Six fresh  cut  test  logs,  each of  about  25 cm  in diameter  and 50 cm  in  length,  were barked  and horizontally  kept in a row of 20 cm apart at about 75 cm above the ground on a pair of sleepers. The surface of each log was longitudinally  divided into eight equal parts,  i.e. two single ones of the top and bottom face and three paired others situated of the upper sides, sides, and lower sides.The result showed that the attacks were not equally scattered over the whole face  of the logs. The most violent attack  was found  on both the upper side parts.  The number of  tunnels  on these parts  were significantly  different   than  those  on the others.  The lighter infested parts  were respectively recorded on the side, top, lower sides, and  bottom face of the logs. More than 90%  of the initial infestations  were concentrated on the upper side and side parts,  covering 50%   of the surface area of a log.
PERCOBAAN FRAKSIONASI DISTILASI MINYAK KENANGA DARI CIREBON Bambang Wiyono; Mohammad Rosid
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 8 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.6.8.472 - 475

Abstract

The  purpose  of  the  research  is to study the properties of  fractional distilled   cananga oil compared  with  Indonesia Industrial Standard requirement for cananga  oil  and  with  ylang­ylang oil properties of  the  third  fraction (the  lowest quality  of  ylang­ylang  oil).  The  fractionation based  on  the  distilling  times, these  were first  fraction 0 ­ 7 hours,  second fraction  8 ­14  hours,  and  third fraction  15 ­  24 hours.The results indicated that third fraction have met with Indonesia  Industrial  Standard  requirement, but specific gravity of  the  first and  second  fraction have not met the  requirement.  Acid   number   of  all fraction   have met  requirement  for ylang­ylang  oil.  Ester  number  of  the  third fraction  proximated  the ester of ylang­ylang  oil. Ester number  and ester content of  the  first  fraction   had a  higher  than  the  second  fraction and  this fraction had a higher  than  the  third fraction.  So, the first  fractional  distilled   cananga oil possesed  the  highest  quality. These  quality  could  be increased  by the fractional  steam distillation  in vacum pressure,  and  the distilling  used fresh  cananga flowers.
HASIL DESTILASI KERING DAN NILAI KALOR 15 JENIS KAYU Tjutju Nurhayati; Dadang Setiawan; Mahpudin Mahpudin
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 15, No 4 (1997): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1997.15.4.291-298

Abstract

Dalam tulisan dikemukakan hasil destilasi kering dari 15 jenis kayu berasal dari Jawa Barat dan Aceh dengan menggunakan retor listrik pada suhu sekitar 500"C selama 4-5 jam. Berat jenis kayu yang diteliti masing-masing berkisar antara 0,45 - 0,61 dan 0,26 - 0,88; nilai kalor antara 4337 - 4510 cal/g dan 4213 - 4479 cal/g.Hasil destilasi kering memperlihatkan bahwa rendemen arang asal Jawa Barat dan Aceh masing-masing berkisar antara 28,89 - 33,05% dan 28.23 - 33,66%; ter berkisar antara 5,65 - 12,52 % dan 0,86 - 12,25%; destilat antara 60,32 - 106,47% dan 10,58 - 83,86%; serta gas antara 27, 76 -53,18 dan 29,35 - 55,62%.Sifat fisis-kimia arang menunjukkan kisaran nilai kalor antara 6928 - 7357 cal/g. kadar abuantara 0,96 - 2,56%, zat terbang antara 18,06 - 21,98% dan kadar karbon terikat antara 76,25 -80, 72%. Sifat ini memberikan petunjuk bahwa semua arang hasil penelitian adalah baik untukdigunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk arang aktif serta bahan bakar dan pereduksi pada industripeleburan bijih besi.Jenis kayu yang menghasilkan rendemen arang, tar, destilat dan gas yang tinggi antara lain kisereh, meranti merah, merawan, anglau, bentol, bayut. Kayu tersebut disarankan sebagai bahan baku yang baik untuk destilasi kering.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA ALAT MUAT-SARAD SERBAGUNA EXP-2000 HASIL PERBAIKAN Wesman Endom; Semedi Tohdjaya; Yayan Sugilar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 3 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.3.277-289

Abstract

The EXP-2000 is a multipurpose equipment designed for use in logging operation. especially for loading and skidding of logs. In the first trial conducted in 2001, the productivity of EXP-2000 turned out to be very low i.e. 0.872 m3hm/hour. The investment cost of EXP-2000 was about Rp 67.5 million so the cost of operation was Rp. 28,736.25 per hour. After improvement in the performance has been improved: skidding productivity was increased to 3.293 m3.hm/hour and production cost of was reduced Rp 8. 725.29 per m3.In loading operation, the performance of EXP-2000 has been improved by increasing productivity from 3.293 m3.hm/hour to 34.705 m3/hour and decreasing the cost from Rp. 5,315 per m3 to Rp. 828.03 per m3. It means that the implementation of a new improved EXP-2000 is promising both technically and economically due to higher productivity compared to that of using animal (buffalo) and conventional skyline system previously developed by the Research and Development Center for Forest Product Technology, Bogor - Indonesia.
DAMPAK PENYARADAN KAYU TERHADAP TERJADINYA KETERBUKAAN LABAN DI KAWASAN DUA PERUSAHAAN HUTAN DI RIAU (The impact of log skidding on ground exposure at two forest companies in Riau) Sona Suhartana
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 2 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.2.52-59

Abstract

This paper presents  the results of the study on ground exposure caused by skidding.  The case study was carried out at two forest companies in Riau in  1995.  The aim of the study were :  I. to find the road skidding condition that shows by the ground exposure caused by skidding, 2. to know the factors influencing the ground exposure and 3. to find  the way of reducing ground exposure.Data collected were the number of trees felled/skidded, the number of trees with diameter 20 cm and up.  length and area of skidding road.   The data was analized  by using the multiple regression.The study showed the following results : 1. The average of non-productive skidding road is 13.4  % from  the number of productive skidding road; 2. The extravagant of tractor operation was 2680 hours; 3. The forest damage was 154.4 m2 per ha;  4.  The ground  exposure caused by skidding  was 14.1  %;  and  5.   The number  of  trees felled/skidded was highly  significant  to ground exposure.Keywords :  skidding,  skidding road, ground exposure.
PEMBUATAN ARANG AKTIF KAYU KARET UNTUK NAHAN PEMURNI MINYAK DAUN CENGKEH Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 6 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.8.6.228-235

Abstract

EzperlmentaUtudy   on ltmna •activation    of rubber  wood  charcoal (Hewa  bnalllMn•)   to prodw    activated claarooal.•  reported in tlu. paper.  The PurPo•   of tlu. ,...,.ch    la to dudy   the           of tempeniture and reaction time on the activa­ te<I charcoal yield  and quality.    .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             De  octlvated eharcoal jlroduced from flail uperiment N   utm.ed to re'/lnllthe crude oa from elo•   ,_,  oa.  TflS   fr*ltmlmt    tem,,.,ature  for actlva"tion were  at  two leriela,  1000~  and BOOOC, roith  ru~         N8etlon  ti,_.   Of 10, 16 and JO minuta.  Steam /fbw rate wa  made ca...tant at 0.64 "'""•                                                     7'fN rault   Mou.   that  the yield  of  activated Charcoal range from  73.7 •to  90.0CJa,  moiature contont •from  3.9 to 9.0CJa, ah  content '/t'Om 8.9 to 4. 7CJa, volatile matter 'from 6.6 to i 3.0CJa, f&ed carbon from 83.0 to 89.8"­                • Tfae  aaorptive oapa~•   o,. iodi•,    benune  and nl(uric­  acid re.,,.Ctive1y rarwed from 48_6.9 to 197.1 mf/1,   11.8 to 18.4'11 and  19.6  tO U.6'1.  •ne_ food  quality of  the activated charcoal  produced when the activation temperature of 100oC ullth readlon•tl,,,. fpr 16 mlnuhtor when the mnperature  8000C withreactlOn time 10 minut•    ftfl   ilapecltilly true '(or the• ad«Jrptlve   oapadty   of  iOdine  where  thia criterion ha   Nt   the commerdal .mndard• requirement   both by the American Water Worlu A.llociotion and the lndonemn Indutrial Standard.fte    quality of  the clove  'leaf oil re'fined•with the uperimentol actiuated charcoal  ahorn  that the total e1111enol content ra•ed   .from  78.J to 79.0'11; apecific iravity   'from 1.0296 to 1.0310; nDJO from 1.6294 to 1.6J97; 80lubility  in ethanol 70'11 from 1:1 to l :.J.7'le p    chrornatofraphy   analyae• indicated .that  the e1111enol content ra1J6ed 'from 69.6 to 71.0'11andthe tnpen  content 'frorn J7.J  to 28.BWa. -De  quality of the refined  clove  'leafoil ha   been. inproved to con(Orm •Ith  the •commerdal quality• acoortlbw to the Indonaian Industrial Standard.

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